How to make a gas oven. The most economical way to heat: a small hardworking gas stove for the home Do-it-yourself gas stove

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The gas furnace is currently of particular interest. Let us make a reservation right away that further we do not mean gas cooking stoves and hot water boilers; These are separate types of heat engineering devices on gaseous fuel. Also a special topic is technological gas furnaces for industrial purposes. We are interested, simply put, in household gas stoves.

The cost per unit of heat from natural gas is currently much lower than from other sources, including electric heaters. In terms of ease of delivery and use, natural gas is second only to electricity, but it can be stored for future use and stored without fear of dampness, bituminization, spontaneous combustion, and other disadvantages of solid and liquid fuels. In the coming decades, this situation will continue; in any case, for a time several times longer than the estimated service life of gas heaters. If you come up with a way to distribute heat throughout the rooms without pipes, radiators and coolant, then gas heating will not only be economical during operation, but also require 1.2-2 times less initial costs than traditional water heating. And this method is already known, see below.

We will also consider gas in more detail. A citizen of average and above average income in his apartment can afford a maximum mini-sauna, see fig. But they are produced mainly electric, the park flies a pretty penny. And to get permission for gas - as they say, not by night, be it said. Plus - the defeat in the apartment from construction and installation work.

In general, those who like to take a steam bath in their bath now do not go to it, but go out for the weekend. But firewood "from the forest, of course", alas, is a thing of the past. In the vicinity of holiday villages, everything is picked up cleanly. At least scrape together for kebabs, but for a bathhouse of firewood you need a few armfuls. Moreover, the time factor: the sauna is heated with firewood until ready for at least 2-3 hours. Steam family in shifts - 3-4 hours. You can’t fuss about steamed, otherwise the bath will only do harm, it’s another 2-3 hours of rest. How much is left for other chores and entertainment if an overnight stay is not planned? And if it is planned, then out of 2 days off, only 1 remains for household chores. What does a bath gas stove give in this case? Quite a few:

• The kindling of the furnace is instant; about an hour is saved on a fuel tray alone.
• Women and children can steam already 30-40 minutes after starting the stove (if it is of a special design for gas, see below), and the whole family will have enough for 1.5-2 hours; total gain in time - 3-4 hours, i.e. an extra half day for housekeeping.
• Gas for a bathhouse costs comparable to solid fuel, and what is more convenient to carry - a propane tank or a bag and a half of coal? The question is rhetorical.

What is often forgotten

Gaseous fuel has a remarkable property: its combustion rate can be arbitrarily high, up to detonation. They fight against the danger of an explosion by adding a fragrance to household gas: the human nose literally smells molecules of mercaptan, and an unbearable stench will force you to take the necessary measures, in the words of physicists, many orders of magnitude before the concentration of gas in the air reaches a dangerous value.

In this case, something else is more important: with the correct design of the burner, the gas completely, to CO2 and water vapor, burns out for several centimeters from the burner nozzle at any value of its supply. As a result, firstly, in a gas sauna stove, you can not be afraid of clogging the flowing (open) heater with soot and soot.

Secondly, a gas stove for heating a house is able to maintain maximum efficiency. up to 5% and even 3% of the nominal power; for solid and liquid fuel furnaces, when the power drops below 10-15% of the nominal value, the efficiency drops sharply. Since in the middle latitudes during the heating season, the heat loss of a building changes more than 10 times depending on the weather, the savings in the thermal equivalent of fuel are almost double.

Thirdly, the risk of burning decreases sharply. Carbon monoxide, carbon monoxide, has no smell, and the first symptoms of poisoning appear already at a rather severe degree. Fragrance - mercaptan burns more difficult than saturated hydrocarbons, and if the fuel does not burn out, its smell will water your eyes long before the waste goes off. A person, without harm to himself, can withstand a concentration of CO2 up to 2% by volume (in the atmosphere - 0.04%; in residential premises up to 0.6% is permissible). These circumstances make it possible to organize gas mobile and temporary heating, for example. for giving, see below.

But why bake?

Well, the reader may say, we already know about gas. Perhaps more than yours. But why is it in the oven? Natural gas is widely used by industry and public utilities.

Heating residential premises with the help of individual stoves can be saving for the environment. And the point is not only that up to 30% of heat is lost in the CHP mains. Small emissions of combustion products, stretched over time and distributed over a large area, nature has time to process before they harm. And the same or even smaller burst emission from the pipes of thermal power plants, which also burn gas to CO2 and H2O, partially reaches the stratosphere and adds to the greenhouse effect.

For comparison: during a summer thunderstorm in the Moscow region, energy is discharged up to 2 Mt of TNT equivalent. Within a few minutes, on an area of ​​​​about 10 square meters. km. And over Hiroshima it was blown up 20 times less, but instantly and at one point.

Buy or do?

The first thing you need to know when interested in gas ovens is home-made gas appliances of the Ministry of Emergency Situations are not certified; their use is expressly prohibited. At the same time, buy a good gas stove for permanent heating of 1 room up to 120 sq. m of domestic production is possible for an amount equivalent to 800-950 US dollars. "Firma" will cost 50-150 USD more, but this is money "for an asterisk", the quality of Russian gas appliances is recognized throughout the world.

A mobile gas heater with a power of up to 12-15 kW costs up to 350 USD; you can find a good certified one for 150 USD. Separate heating elements (for more details - below) for 8 sq. m of permanently heated area cost about 100 USD, i.е. a heating system for a medium-sized house on them will cost less than 1000 USD, including the installation of pipelines and fittings. This is several times, just like that, cheaper than building a conventional furnace, and no complex construction work is required in the building; pipelines can be laid under a false ceiling.

Can you do this work yourself? No, only certified specialists are allowed to work with gas. The contracting company itself will draw up all the documents for gas heating. It will cost, together with work, about another 600 USD, which is still much cheaper than the construction of a Swede that heats 1-2 rooms.

With your own hands, you can gasify an existing stove by buying a special stove burner for it (see Fig.) for 200-250 USD (in rubles). Such burners are equipped with automation that shuts off the gas when the flame goes out, the furnace and ambient air overheat, gas leaks, etc. More expensive models are equipped with auto-ignition.

Note: only forced draft burners are suitable for domestic ovens! Atmospheric burners, without pressurization, are intended for other purposes. Their use in domestic ovens is unacceptable!

Furnace gas burners are supplied with a certificate of suitability (do not forget to ask the seller!) And go on sale as separate devices. They are installed in the opening (created) of the furnace and do not require alterations to the furnace. Thus, a gas-wood stove is obtained.

Which stove is suitable for gas?

Natural gas, as already mentioned, burns very quickly and releases a lot of heat. Brickwork is simply not able to immediately perceive and transmit such a flow to the room; a gas burner is an instantaneous device, and a brick oven is a heat accumulator. Therefore, only gasification is unambiguously suitable, their efficiency on gas increases. If you still want to gasify grandfather's stove, then the brick gas stove must meet the following conditions:

1. Not to have an extensive furnace part and massive masonry - disappears.
2. The furnace must be made according to the channel scheme with a developed smoke circulation system, or.
3. All heat generation must take place in the furnace, i.e. all without exception disappear: natural gas is too energetic for them, the exhaust gases from under the dome of the hood will be forced into the chimney, not having time to give off heat to the body of the furnace.

In any case, the acceleration of a brick oven on gas requires a very long time, 4-6 days. During this period, the gas supply is gradually increased from the minimum to the nominal value. Hence the corollary: it makes sense to gasify a brick oven only if it will be heated continuously for a long time. But what kind of masonry is needed that can withstand constantly large, over 450 kW / cu. m, thermal stress?

Note: however, traditional stove-makers are not giving up on trying to develop gas-fired brick ovens. There is a sense in these searches - it breathes, which creates a healthy microclimate in the room. Of the successful samples, one can note the heating and cooking stove AKH-14 designed by Yu. P. Sosnin; its advantages are confirmed by operating experience, more than 10,000 copies are in operation in the Russian Federation. But still, the cost and weight of its "brick" plus additional construction work - the foundation for the furnace is needed.

What do you need besides money?

First of all, you need to check if the certificate for the burner is valid. The easiest way to do this is to make a copy of it and show it to the gas service inspector. He can also advise in advance which model is better to take. The burner power for a bath stove is calculated based on the value of 1.5 kW per 1 cubic meter. m for warming up the steam room to 80 degrees (where did the 252 kcal / 0.4 cubic meters walking in Runet come from? To count it was inconvenient, or what?); for household - according to the heat engineering calculation of the building, or it is taken equal to the power of the existing furnace.

Note: no need to fight too much with the heat loss of the bath, turning the steam room into a thermos. Proper, healthy bath should breathe.

Next, you need to check your stove: the opening of the firebox should be with a metal frame. Dimensions of the opening itself - height within 470-550 mm, width 350-450 millimeters; together with the overlay, respectively, 615-680 mm and 515-665 mm. Then there is the room. Installation of a gas stove is allowed in rooms with a volume of at least 8 cubic meters. m with a ceiling height of at least 2.2 m. In a room with a stove, there must be an opening window with a width of at least 60 cm, with an area of ​​​​0.6 square meters. m, and a gap under the door of at least 40 mm for air flow. Instead of a slot on the door, there may be a ventilation grill. The distance from the furnace to the nearest wall of combustible material is from 500 mm. Removal of the refractory base of the furnace - from 100 mm in any direction.

For a bath, an additional condition applies: the firebox door should not go into a washing or steam room. Therefore, the fire chambers of gas sauna stoves (see below) are made elongated so that the door goes into the dressing room. So keep in mind, it’s better not to think about gasifying a potbelly stove with a heater standing right in the steam room. A typical diagram of the installation of a bath gas furnace is shown in fig; it is also suitable for other cases, only it was no longer necessary to bring fireboxes into the next room. For more information about the bath device, see the video below; everything shown there applies to gasified baths.

Video: bath device

Note: pressurization with automatic require power supply. Therefore, in regions with unstable power supply, it is not necessary to close the gas burner tightly into the oven so that you can heat it with wood / coal if necessary.

After installing a burner, or a new furnace, a gas inspector is called in for inspection; if necessary, eliminate the observed deficiencies. Next, the furnace is connected to the gas main; this should be done by experts. When the burner is powered from a cylinder, you can connect it yourself using the included burner (do not forget to check!) Hose and reducer and present for verification all at once. Then - walking through the authorities with papers, the description of which is a separate topic; ends with the issuance of a permit to operate the furnace.

Note: a hose with a reducer and other fittings can be bought separately, but obtaining a permit is much more complicated, because. certificates are required for each separately purchased node.

When Papers Are Not Needed

Home-made gas stoves, without worrying about permits at their own risk, are often used by home craftsmen for technological purposes in non-residential premises. Gas allows you to get a chemically neutral flame with a temperature, when supercharged, up to 1600 degrees. Craftsmen-jewelers use micro-burners from medical needles of different diameters, supercharged from an aquarium compressor. In any case, the room in which the oven/burner is operated must be ventilated to provide at least 2 complete air volume changes per hour.

To end the baths

Among household stoves for sale, gas baths are perhaps the most sought-after product, so you need to add something about them. Namely: a gas sauna stove is definitely suitable for a sauna with absolutely dry steam; it is difficult to steam in a bathhouse with such a Russian-style stove, with a birch broom and kvass.

The reason is the same too rapid combustion of gas. A gas burner, without blazing into the pipe in vain, is able to “burn” the heater properly at the rate of 6 kg of river pebble per 1 cubic meter. m of a steam room, and for a vigorous Russian steam you need at least twice as much stone. Experienced manufacturers (Termofor, Tulikiivi, for example) find a compromise, firstly, by offering to buy a stove made of stones that combine high heat capacity with high thermal conductivity, for example. steatite and other rocks from the group of talcochlorites. However, there is a large fee to be paid.

Secondly, this is already a domestic notion, the heater is made double: the main one is a large heat-storing closed one and a smaller open one especially for the extra; the diagram of a gas furnace with a double heater and its appearance are shown in fig. The configuration of the convector (it is needed to speed up the heating of the bath), the size and location of the holes in it are accurately calculated.

It is possible to give such a heater from an ordinary stone about once every half an hour, and only with water. Restrictions are also imposed on the broom: only birch and only dried. Adding kvass and steaming with a freshly cut birch broom turns out to be hard even for a strong, non-drinking peasant, and it’s probably better not to experiment with the heroes with an oak broom.

The second possible option is to gasify the heater-basket like Vesuvius, see fig. on right. However, the warm-up time of the bath will remain "wood-burning", and the gas supply, so that the heat does not fly away in vain into the pipe, will need to be smoothly and gradually increased from a minimum to about 0.7 nominal within 1-1.5 hours. And most importantly: sauna stoves-baskets are not produced with an elongated firebox, i.e. according to safety rules, they are not subject to gasification; the firebox door with the burner base cannot be brought into the dressing room.

Which oven is best?

So, since we are talking about gas, you still need to buy a stove. In this case, naturally, we need the best gas oven. How to choose it? The rumor of the people, that is, consumer ratings, is essentially true, but it would be strange if advertisers did not gradually try to use such a powerful tool for promoting goods in the interests of their customers. In addition, a quiet, imperceptible, but far-reaching revolution has recently taken place in the gas-furnace business. We will talk about it below, but for now we will discuss how to choose a better oven yourself, regardless of the principle of its operation.

Quantity

In this case, this concept refers to the efficiency of the furnace. To calculate it, in addition to your own initial data, you need to know the gross calorific value of the fuel, or its calorific value. For combustible gases used in everyday life, it is as follows:

• Natural gas in the Russian Federation - 34-38 MJ / cu. m; average - 36 MJ / cu. m.
• Pure methane - 34.67 MJ / cu. m.
• Pure liquefied propane (density 0.51 kg / l) - 25.54 MJ / cu. m
• The same, butane, density 0.58 kg/l - 28.61 kg/l.
• Summer propane-butane mixture (50% / 50%), density 0.545 kg / l - 27.09 MJ / kg.
• The same, winter, 90% propane and 10% butane, density 0.517 kg / l - 25.85 MJ / kg.

Note: those who wish to determine the heat of combustion of gas from their pipe by measuring the boiling time of a kettle, etc. you should know that the efficiency of a kitchen gas stove does not exceed 65% And what exactly this particular stove will have in this particular kitchen with this particular vessel with this particular water on this particular burner at this particular atmospheric pressure is known specifically only to the local specific Barabashka, and no one else.

Now let's define the consumption of heat and fuel. Take, for example, a country bathhouse with a steam room for two with a volume of 12 cubic meters. m (2x3 m in plan and with a ceiling height of 2 m). It will need 1.5 kW x 12 cubic meters. m = 18 kW of heat, or 18 kJ / s of heat flow from the furnace. Per hour - 18 kJ x 3600 s = 64.8 MJ of heat. Further, we consider that our bath is gasified. Then for an hour of bath procedures at 80 degrees it will take 64.8 / 36 \u003d 1.8 cubic meters. m of gas.

Here it is necessary to take into account the fact that furnace manufacturers give gas consumption in them based on heating the steam room to 60 degrees; doctors say that at a higher temperature for women and children and at least something at least a little sick (including temporary malaise after yesterday and euphoria from recent libations) it is dangerous to bathe. The heat loss of a room actually depends on the temperature difference between inside and outside according to a power law, but since temperatures are measured from absolute zero (-273.16 degrees Celsius), then within 80-60 Celsius it can be replaced linear without noticeable error.

So, at 60 degrees and the efficiency of the furnace in 100% gas, 60/80 \u003d 0.75 x 1.8 cubic meters will be needed. m = 1.35 cubic meters. The choice of a furnace is generally simple: the closer the fuel consumption declared by the manufacturer to this value, the better the furnace. You just need to remember to look in the specification for what volume of the steam room it is declared for, and bring it to 12 cubes. If less than 1.35 cubic meters of gas is declared for 12 cubic meters of steam room, then it means a swindler. Or he invented a perpetual motion machine, but he himself does not know about it.

Now let's check independently, according to the rumor of the people. For example, in the Russian Federation, Termofor Urengoy oven is in 1st place with a decent margin from the rest. Perhaps because of the price of only 12,000 rubles? We look at the declared gas consumption for 12 cubic meters of the steam room - 1.71 cubic meters. m/hour. We consider the efficiency of Urengoy: 1.35 (theoretically ideal consumption) / 1.71 (real for this furnace) = 0.79 or 79% Very good and very close to the truth indicator; Might be worth picking up this stove.

Roughly offhand

compact infrared gas heater

As for infrared gas heaters, which will be discussed below, their market with a culture of use has not yet developed properly, and a unified methodology for determining efficiency has not yet been developed. These devices, unlike bath stoves, are of long continuous use, so you need to somehow take into account the cost of heating and its reliability. Therefore, it is possible to choose more or less definitely only by comparison.

First, without worrying about dimensions and any other physics, we multiply the “expenditure” parameters: the hourly gas consumption declared in the specification by the cost of the device. We get some carelessly abstract value A. Then we multiply the “economical” indicators: thermal power by the duration of the company guarantee in months; we get the same value.

Further, too, nothing complicated: C \u003d B / A. The more C, the cheaper the heating will be. This is enough to compare different models, and you can calculate the exact cost of heating, knowing the amount of heat demand, the calorific value of the available gas and its consumption according to the specification for the selected sample.

Quality

It remains to understand such consumer parameters as reliability and functionality. Here the only possible way is to compare the popular rumor with the sales rating. In terms of sauna stoves in the Russian Federation, the already mentioned domestic Termofor and Finnish Tulikivi are leading; for permanent infrared heaters - also domestic Bi Car and American Master. Recently, the Russian-Chinese Comfort has been erupting well. They speak well of him, but they have not been on the market for long. Therefore, having looked at the Comfort gas stove, it is advisable to consult with real users.

Gas Furnace Revolution

This revolution is connected with the advent of gas infrared emitters, or infrared burners; both are abbreviated GII. There is a difference between them; what - see below. For now, it is worth noting the fact: in terms of a set of parameters, including price, GII overtake conventional heating stoves, like a Porsche - a pre-war emka. For example, a GII with a power of 1.5 kW heats an area up to 12 square meters. m, he weighs about 7 kg, and costs up to 5000 rubles. We emphasize: this is not an analogue of an electric fireplace, we are talking about constant heating of residential premises. The price of a gigacalorie of heat is 1.5-2 times lower than from any other source. In addition, household gas stoves based on GII are significantly better than other heating appliances in terms of sanitary and hygienic indicators.

How is this achieved? Due to the distribution of heat, similar to a warm floor, see fig. The comfort zone is where people are, and heat losses through the ceiling are sharply reduced, which is especially noticeable in one-story houses. Plus, the floor can be insulated from the inside; the flow of heat from above will not let the dew point into the room. But, unlike a warm floor, complex construction work is not needed, there is no thin winding pipe walled into the floor that can become clogged or leak (and how to repair without breaking the floor?) Unlike electric heating, it is not expensive electricity that heats, but gas, the unit of energy of which is many times cheaper. Another plus is that the flow of warm air from the heated infrared floor is uniform over the area of ​​the room; the inhabitants live, as it were, on a warm island with an even climate.

GII device

GII burners are open type devices. In them, the gas-air mixture is blown through narrow channels with microdoses; air is sucked in naturally without pressurization. In ceramic GIIs (scheme in Fig. yb; t), nozzle channels are made in a ceramic (most often carbon) plate, which itself heats up to 900 degrees. Due to the high temperature in the microcombustion chambers, the efficiency of the device exceeds 90%, and 70-75% of the gas energy is converted into infrared radiation.

In catalytic GII burners, the combustible mixture passes through a catalyst mesh. The actual combustion catalyst is either a platinum coating (eternal, but expensive), or a nickel coating with additives (cheaper, but gradually burns out). Anyone who has used a windproof gas lighter is familiar with catalytic combustion.

Ceramic GIIs are cheaper than catalytic ones, but their power is limited to 12-15 kW, because it is difficult to make the flow of the mixture through narrow nozzles very intense. Dimensions of ceramic GII cannot be very small; For effective radiation, a rather large area of ​​the plate is needed. Catalytic GII for power up to 30 kW and more weigh several kg; they can be made miniature, but are expensive.

Open GII in residential premises are limitedly applicable, tk. emit carbon dioxide, albeit in small quantities. In practice, in the presence of supply and exhaust ventilation for 2 air changes per hour, open generators with a power of up to 12 kW can be used for temporary heating under constant supervision.

GII emitters, or gas heating elements (the diagram in the figure) are free from this drawback, therefore they can be used for constant heating of residential premises. They require pressurization, so they are volatile, but, on the other hand, any modern gas-fired hot water boiler is also volatile. And one and a half hundred years ago, pipelines for gas lighting were stretched by cobwebs throughout the houses, and nothing, there were no general emergencies, although the gasification technique was then compared to the current cave. Also, gas heating elements require a gas duct, but typical ones in new buildings are quite suitable: there is nothing to exhaust gases (it is already difficult to call them flue gases), and their temperature is up to 400 degrees.

Appointment and evolution

The first to go on sale were open ceramic GIIs for temporary heating of garages and outbuildings, pos. 1 in fig. Probably, it was the need to create a comfort dome in a room with large own heat losses, without burning exorbitant amounts of fuel, that prompted the creators of the first GII to develop them. GII for the garage is successfully used to this day: sellers offer them in a wide range, and prices have fallen from 800 to 90-150 USD in 7 years; certification and a separate permit for the operation of garage GII is not required. In everyday life, ceramic GII have also been used to replace electric fireplaces, pos. 2, but this is just a mechanical translation of a principle capable of much more.

GII as powerful, relatively inexpensive, reliable and non-volatile heat sources immediately attracted the attention of participants in field and expeditionary work, hunters, fishermen, tourists, yachtsmen and others who faced the problem of heating far from civilization. But these categories of users needed a large specific power in relation to the mass and dimensions, so they preferred catalytic GII.

The first samples (pos. 3) looked like their non-catalytic counterparts. In the end, the "suburban" branch of the GII evolution gave rise to a gas mini-oven (fig. right), which can be carried with you while moving on foot. However, there are few of them for sale: the roads themselves, from 200 USD, and expensive gas for lighters is required for refueling.

The development of GII in the direction of constant heating turned out to be much more productive. The high specific, now per unit of the radiating surface, power of the GII made it possible to organize warm islands directly in the open air, for this it was only necessary to assemble the radiating panels under the reflective umbrella and hoist it on a rack, pos. 4.

The efficiency and economy of heating with GII-“umbrellas” turned out to be so high that the question arose of using them for permanent heating of housing. At this time, warm floors were just widely dispersed; their sanitary and hygienic properties were not in doubt, but the question of the complexity of installation in existing buildings and maintainability arose. You already know the solution: the GII burners were replaced with gas heating elements, and the umbrellas were removed from the racks and hung directly from the ceiling. Here, a large reflector is not really needed, and ceiling-mounted GII emitters are often made in the form of flat panels; in multi-storey buildings on floors below the uppermost, the overall efficiency does not noticeably worsen from this.

gas in cooking

The next area where gasification of stoves is not only useful, but simply necessary is culinary and technological equipment. A gas bakery oven, for example, takes up only about 10 sq. m of ordinary, non-industrial area and without requiring an industrial gas supply with electricity, allows you to bake up to 100-200 loaves of bread at a time, see fig. Individual bakers take advantage of this circumstance with might and main, and those who really know how to bake bread well, do a good business at home with always guaranteed demand.

The second culinary device where gas turned out to be more than out of place is this. Already a household desktop (left pos. in the figure on the right) gives out a product that even an unpretentious eater immediately distinguishes for the better from baked with an electric grill. In this case, the role is played by the large density of the heat flux generated by the gas compared to the electric one.

A completely unexpected result was the gasification of the traditional Pompeian pizza oven, right pos. Inveterate gourmets do not distinguish the taste of a real noble pizza from a wood-fired or gasified Pompeii oven. But the productivity of the unit (and the income of restaurateurs) has grown almost one and a half times. In this case, the high energy intensity and rate of gas combustion provide accelerated and more uniform heating of the furnace roof in time, which increases its productivity.

Gas in the workshop

The high attainable temperature and the absence of chemically aggressive substances in the combustion products make the gas flame very attractive for home craftsmen. You don't need much here: a heating furnace for heating small metal parts is obtained from ... an empty tin can, see fig. Just remember to leave a gap at the bottom for air access!

Small-sized and gas-fired melting furnaces, incl. desktop are also commercially available. But a do-it-yourselfer or an IP homeworker will have to be disappointed here: the fire department and the gas service do not issue permits for their operation to individuals. And legal entities - only provided with a production area, equipped accordingly. So in unsuitable rooms you will have to do with electric stoves.

About gas fireplaces

The remarkable properties of natural gas gave rise to attempts to make a gas stove. However, it is impossible to recognize them as successful: the blue light is beautiful in its own way, but it is still not a living flame. Manufacturers, being wise with burners, sometimes create something similar to it, supposedly in a modern style, see the figure on the right. However, the psychological and aesthetic significance of the fireplace traces its lineage to a primitive tribe fed after a successful hunt in a cave by the fire, and without chaotically dancing tongues of fire, a fireplace is not a fireplace. It's like putting a mast with a mainsail and staysail on a Predator with a 400-horsepower Mercruiser. It will float, once it floats on the water, but there will be no romance of sailing.

Rating: 1 245

The heating system of the house is undoubtedly the most important moment for the owners of cottages or houses outside the city. There are heating circuits, liquid fuel boilers, gas stoves for home heating and many other systems. Since the type of heating depends on how you will live in the building, you need to make the right choice. This is a very responsible and important task.

Sometimes the selection process becomes quite complicated, because a mistake in this matter can lead to many serious problems. The most popular heating system is gas. But it will be possible to install it only when there is a gas main near the house. If not, then gas ovens can be a good option.

Modern models of gas ovens

Furnace device

The equipment includes a body, a chimney and a foundation. The body is built of bricks. It has several elements, these are a heating shield, a firebox and a gas burner. In the absence of a central heating system, a gas stove can be installed in a house consisting of no more than two floors. These furnaces can operate in two modes: permanent or temporary. The gas is burned in a gas burner located in the firebox. The upper part of the firebox implies the presence of a grate, which is used by refractory bricks.

Gas stove-heater

Chimney scheme

During the operation of a gas stove for heating a house, the grate heats up, and warm air moves along the walls of the firebox. This contributes to uniform heating of the entire house.

For more efficient use of the firebox and heating the lower masonry, gas burners should be installed as low as possible.

A chimney extends from the upper part of the firebox, and the lower part of the firebox borders on the blower. It provides air to the furnace, without it the fuel will not burn.

Firebox material

The blower door is equipped with a small hole through which the stove is switched to gas. In the event that you will not use a gas stove for heating your house all the time, the material for making the firebox should be refractory bricks. For the constant operation of the furnace, use red brick to build a firebox with your own hands. A shield must be installed in the chimney.

Under the influence of traction force, warm air from the firebox will enter the chimney, warming it up. If you have a wooden house, flue gas can be led through channels connected in series to warm it. They should consist of a maximum of five wells.

Red brick for the firebox

It is strictly forbidden to use gas stoves in houses where the channels are located horizontally. Like wood stoves, a gas stove for heating a house should be located a short distance from the wall.

Pros and cons of using gas ovens

Each heating system has both its pros and cons. Gas heating stoves have some advantages:

• This type of oven does not emit harmful substances. They can be used regardless of the time of year and day. You can sleep without fear and not worry about possible interruptions in the heating system.
• The stove can reach a high temperature and maintain it in fairly severe frosts. Your home will always be at a comfortable temperature. With the help of a gas stove, you can easily heat your home or heat your cottage.
• Profitability. Gas stoves for home heating are the most economical heating in relation to fuel costs. And unlike wood-burning stoves, gas does not require storage space. It does not need to be searched or brought. Gas is one of the most inexpensive types of fuel.
• Simple use. You can not worry about the complexity of the heating process. Gas stoves for home heating are very easy to use.
• Reliability. Within 10-12 years, this heating system will work without interruption. You don't have to worry about it breaking down.

Even gas stoves for heating a house have their drawbacks, which cannot be ignored. However, if heating systems of a different type can be found many shortcomings and shortcomings, then a gas stove has only one.

This drawback is the high cost of the equipment. But despite this, the furnace pays off easily due to the economical use of cheap fuel.

Connection rules

If your house is located far away and is not connected to a gas pipeline, you will have to spend a lot of money on installing heating. And not every family is ready to pay a significant amount for this. Gas is used at home by many. And if your house is already connected to a gas main, arranging a gas stove will be much cheaper for you financially.

Boiler room

Once you have installed a gas stove for home heating, it is necessary to carry out a mandatory check after installation of the equipment.

Any shortcomings, malfunctions and damage that may have occurred during the design of the furnace may adversely affect the quality of the heating system. And we must not forget about the danger of gas, both for health and for human life.

You have already familiarized yourself with the main points and principles of operation, the functionality of modern stoves for heating a house. As you have already noticed, these devices stand out relative to other systems with their characteristics. It is the gas stove that needs to be installed in the case of a gas pipeline passing near your house.

Do not be intimidated by the initial high cost of equipment. Remember that an expensive gas stove will pay for itself completely and very quickly. A gas stove will help provide a pleasant and comfortable environment for your home.

Do you need to install a gas oven? It's up to you and your family to decide. For our part, we have provided you with all the information you need to make the right decision.

Didn't get an answer to your question? Ask our expert: Ask

sdelatotoplenie.ru

Gas stove for giving: the principle of operation and classification. Choice of gas burner

Choosing a good system for heating the premises of a country house is not an easy task. With the wrong approach, the cost of paying utility bills will be a very significant amount. The best option is gas stoves for heating summer cottages.

Gas is an efficient fuel for heating a summer house

Expediency of choosing gas as a fuel

The use of gas-fired heating devices has many advantages:

1. Absolutely safe during operation. The process of gas combustion in a heater for a country house occurs without an open flame. In a special unit, manufactured using the most modern technologies, an oxidation process takes place, as a result of which a large amount of energy is released that heats the air, water or other coolant in the heating system.
2. A gas boiler is much smaller than its counterparts that use other types of fuel. Therefore, it is perfect for installation even in country houses from block containers, without taking up much space in tight spaces.

Gas oven - compact and efficient

1. The gas stove for giving is completely autonomous and mobile. For its operation, only liquefied gas is needed, which can also come from a connected cylinder.
2. The system consumes a minimum amount of fuel, therefore its use can significantly save on heating.
3. Gas stoves for summer cottages do not burn oxygen in the room during operation. They do not affect human health, but the instructions for their use require the mandatory presence of an exhaust hood.
4. Natural gas heaters do not depend on the presence of voltage in the mains, which is very important in suburban areas, where there are often interruptions in its supply.

Advice! If you have wire breaks or power outages in your country house, renting a diesel generator for your country house will help out. This device will allow autonomous functioning of all electrical appliances in the house.

It is enough just to fill the tank with diesel fuel and start the device.

Cottage gas supply systems

If you have decided to use a gas heating stove in the country, you should obtain the appropriate permission from the state authorities before purchasing and installing it. This requirement is due to the fact that gas equipment is a source of increased danger, therefore its operation is carried out in compliance with certain requirements.

There are several options for gas supply to the cottage:

1. Centralized - in this case, gas is supplied to consumers from the central network. Residents of city apartments are familiar with this method firsthand.
2. Autonomous - gasification of the site is carried out according to an individual project using a separate gas tank. The advantage of the system is that in addition to the heating boiler, you can install other devices: a stove, a water heater, and so on. The downside is the high cost of gasification work.

Gas tank - individual gas tank

1. Balloon - replaceable cylinders are used, which are connected to the system as they are emptied.

The principle of operation of the gas heater

The operation of a gas stove is based on the same principle as that of wood-burning boilers. However, water or other liquid is not used as a heat carrier. In this case, heating occurs due to the convection movement of cold and hot air layers, and it is not wood that burns in the furnace, but natural gas mixed in certain proportions with oxygen.

If necessary, the purchased stove can be integrated into the existing water heating system of the cottage, as well as connect the heated air distribution system to neighboring rooms.

Combined boiler for heating a summer house

There are also combined systems:

• electrical;
• on liquid fuel;
• solid fuel.

The latter varieties are the most effective. The system, equipped with an additional gas burner, does not cool down in the pauses between the furnace, as a result of which the temperature in the rooms is kept at a comfortable level during the entire period of use (and does not cool down at night when the boiler is not heated with coal or briquettes).

Device classification

Gas boilers are widely used for heating private houses. They have proven themselves well in the dachas. Most often, factory systems are purchased, designed for certain conditions of use. However, under the order, you can fold the oven from bricks.

Heat production method

According to this criterion, gas furnaces for heating are divided into several types:

Photo of a gas boiler with a heat exchanger

This is another indicator that characterizes various models of gas stoves for heating cottages. He talks about the ability of the device to accumulate the thermal energy created by it.

There are two main options:

1. Constant burning. Such aggregates do not have thick walls and cool quickly. But they are able to heat the room in a very short time after switching on, since the air warms up quickly during contact with the combustion chamber. To ensure a comfortable indoor climate, the oven must operate continuously. Great for summer residents who rarely visit a suburban area in the cold season. Within a few minutes after arrival, you will enjoy the fertile warmth.
2. Periodic inclusion. The design has a heat-intensive element, which heats up during the combustion of gas, and then, after the burner is turned off, gradually gives off heat to the surrounding air.

Brick gas stove for heating

A brick usually acts as a heat accumulator, which is used according to the following schemes:

• they lay out heat-conducting channels;
• the gas combustion chamber is lined;
• heating panels are manufactured.

This option is widely used for heating private houses and baths.

Choice of gas burner

Any gas stove for heating a summer house structurally consists of the following elements:

• combustion chambers (heat exchanger);
• corps;
• combustion products removal systems;
• air channels;
• control electronics.

The main element of any system is a gas burner. Let's look at this issue in more detail.

Appearance of the gas burner

Device description

The following parameters of the entire unit depend on which burner is used in the furnace:

• efficiency;
• power;
• profitability;
• safety.

In this unit, natural gas is mixed with oxygen, after which they are oxidized (combusted) in various modes. The whole process is controlled and regulated by the most modern automation.

Varieties of burners

According to the method of control, the devices are divided into:

• single-stage (gas supply turns on and off);
• two-stage (the furnace can switch to an intermediate - economical - mode);
• with floating adjustment (intensity of gas combustion is regulated in a wide range).

According to the type of air supply for heating the burners are:

• atmospheric - air is sucked in independently, efficiency is not higher than 90% (advantages - no need to connect the furnace to the mains)
• fan - air is supplied to the chamber using a fan, the efficiency is above 95% (the oven must be connected to a power outlet).

Fan-assisted gas burner

According to the method of ignition, the burners are divided into:

• electronic - an electrical network is required;
• piezo ignition - no electricity is used to ignite the gas.

Criteria for choosing a device for heating a home outside the city

When purchasing gas heating stoves for summer cottages, it is necessary to take into account many different parameters. After all, not only the warmth and comfort in the house depends on this, but also the costs for the subsequent operation of the entire system.

Efficiency

The cost of natural gas used for heating is rising from year to year. Therefore, the purchased heating equipment must have a high coefficient of efficiency. That is, with a minimum amount of fuel to produce the maximum amount of heat.

This is achieved primarily by good insulation of the heat exchanger. It is thanks to this that the efficiency of the stove will be at a high level.

Scheme of a gas furnace for heating

Price

When choosing a gas boiler with your own hands, it should be borne in mind that a high-quality unit cannot be cheap. The cost of most domestic models is less than that of their imported counterparts.

But in most cases, this is achieved through the use of materials with reduced thermal insulation characteristics. This, in turn, requires the use of more fuel to heat a small dacha.

Advice! When buying, choose a model from a well-known manufacturer that has been proving its effectiveness for many years.

Despite the fact that the price of such products is somewhat higher, this investment will fully pay off in the course of subsequent operation.

Scope of use

Gas heaters can be used for heating both indoors and outdoors. For example, by placing a special device on a veranda or terrace, you can create a cozy corner for spending time outdoors.

Portable gas heater

Conclusion

The use of gas stoves for heating country houses is an effective and inexpensive way to create a comfortable atmosphere in your home. But all the advantages are fully revealed only in the case of choosing a high-quality and reliable model.

You can learn more about heating methods from the video in this article.

9dach.ru

Gas stove for home: pros and cons

• Characteristic
• Advantages and disadvantages

A gas stove for a home is a convenient option for heating a house if a gas main runs nearby. Natural gas is a very practical type of fuel. Its use is simple, so gas heating is the most common type of heating.

For a private house, the organization of heating is one of the key issues. With difficulty, but you can do without running water or sewerage in a private house, but life in the house is impossible without heating in winter.

The choice of heating method depends on many factors:

• Technical features of the premises.
• Owner's financial capacity.
• Fuel availability.
• Host preference.

The most commonly used fuels are solid (wood, coal, peat briquettes) and natural gas. But sometimes they use electrical appliances and installations, liquid fuels.

Characteristic

Heating with gas can be carried out using different equipment for burning fuel:

• boiler;
• convector;
• infrared emitter;
• gas oven.

A distinctive feature of a gas stove for heating a house is that a gas burner is located in the firebox of the stove. Gas tends to burn quickly and release a lot of heat, which gives off to the elements of the furnace or heat exchanger. For gas furnaces, a metal case is more suitable; the efficiency of such a furnace is higher.

The weight of the metal furnace is small, the foundation for it is not needed. A brick oven can be equipped with a gas burner if it has a small firebox, a long smoke circulation system.

Advantages and disadvantages

Furnaces on different types of fuel have their own characteristics, advantages, disadvantages. When choosing a stove for a home, you need to evaluate them, compare them with your capabilities and features of the house.

The advantages of gas ovens are:

• Furnaces are non-toxic. When burning gas, there is no ash, soot, soot left. It is impossible to get carbon monoxide poisoning from such a furnace. For the environment, a gas stove is the best option. The process of fuel supply is automated, there is no need to monitor the furnace, so the furnace can work around the clock, even at night.
• The required temperature is easily reached. It is possible to heat both a large house and a small country house. Gas furnaces have high efficiency, the gas burns quickly and completely even with a small supply.
• Gas is a cheap fuel. There is no need to create conditions and places for its storage, to move fuel, which is very convenient for the owners.
• Gas ovens are easy to use.
• Furnaces are durable. Worked without problems for over 10 years.

Gas ovens have two main disadvantages:

• Dependence on the source of fuel - the gas pipeline. If there is none nearby, the use of a gas oven is not possible. Use of the furnace working from a gas cylinder is possible. But such a stove is not able to heat a large house, its efficiency is low.
• High cost of equipment. Not every family can afford to purchase equipment for organizing a gas heating system. But if the gas is already brought to the house, the price is significantly reduced. In addition, some organizations sell equipment in installments. You can also use the services of a bank and purchase equipment on credit. The high price will soon justify itself. Saving on fuel allows you to quickly recoup the cost of arranging the system.

Kinds

There are several signs of the classification of gas furnaces:

By appointment:

• Bath ovens. They have a heater and a tank for heating water.

According to the method of heat transfer:

• Heating the walls of the combustion chamber. Heat is transferred into the room from the walls of the furnace.
• With heat exchanger. The heat exchanger is usually a pipe that is heated from the furnace and then transfers the heat to the room. Most often, furnaces with a water circuit are used. The stove has a water tank connected to a pipe system that is located throughout the house. The heated water moves through the pipes, heats them, and heat spreads throughout the house.

By heat capacity:

• Furnaces of constant burning. They have a small heat capacity, quickly heat up themselves and heat the air. Cool down quickly.
• Intermittent combustion furnaces. They have a high heat capacity and, as a rule, impressive dimensions (to increase the surface area).

According to the body material:

• Brick.
• Metal.

By manufacturer:

• Homemade. The use of homemade gas stoves is prohibited. Gas ovens must be certified and approved. But masters often use home-made stoves, usually in non-residential premises.
• Ready. Factory production. With the necessary certificates and approvals.

After installation, any gas stove for the home must be checked by the relevant services and accepted for operation. Improper installation and operation of the oven is hazardous to health and human life.

stroy-king.ru

Which gas stoves to choose for home heating

Perhaps heating your own home is the most important task that faces the owners of houses or summer cottages. The most common problem is the process of selecting the appropriate heating equipment. Of course, this issue should not be the last one for any owner of a private housing area. In addition, if you do not have a connected wire to the main gas, then the gas system is not for you. In this article, we raise the question of whether it is worth giving preference to a gas system.

Gas oven for your home

Which heating system to choose for a private house or cottage

Of course, in order to choose the appropriate equipment, you can study all the reviews. After that, consult with sales assistants in the store or read the relevant articles. Do not forget that the cottage and the house must receive heating of the entire room, otherwise you will not be able to enjoy comfort in the winter cold. Gas stoves, according to experts, have a number of features that are not achievable for most other heating systems.

Advantages

You should not hide the fact that any system that produces heating for houses has both positive and negative sides. Let's try to understand them in as much detail as possible so that you have a complete picture, and negative reviews (if you suddenly see them) do not scare you.

Consider the advantages of devices called "gas stoves" that can be installed in your home:

Non toxic

It is immediately worth emphasizing the fact that these systems are completely non-toxic, and you can safely use them at any time of the year, at any time of the day or night, and also not be afraid to sleep with the system turned on.

High temperature performance

By purchasing gas stoves for your home, you get the most faithful friend who will not allow you to stay in the cold in severe frosts. The dacha will also receive reliable heating (you can verify this by reading consumer reviews).

Inexpensive fuel

In order to choose a gas stove, you don’t have to put a lot of mind and effort, but in the end you will get a very economical assistant. Natural gas is very cheap for consumers.

Easy to operate

If you are worried that the heating produced by the selected system will be too difficult for you, leave the prejudice behind. It is gas ovens that can guarantee the simplicity of the process of use.

Durability

Do not forget that your house or cottage will receive a durable assistant. At the moment, there is a very small percentage that such a system can become unusable during the first ten years of regular use.

Are there disadvantages?

After reading our article, most likely, you will ask yourself the question: “are gas stoves endowed with disadvantages?”. We will answer you honestly. Such heating, like the heat produced by other systems, of course, has certain disadvantages. The only difference is that one system has a significant number of flaws, while the other has only two or three.

The dacha or house should receive professional heating, which can only be achieved with a well-equipped system. As for the disadvantages, stoves with a gas heating system have two factors that the consumer may not like:

1. First, it is expensive equipment. As we have already found out, gas stoves are endowed with low gas consumption, which is quite cheap. Natural gas can be used in everyday life by any average family. As for the installation process and directly connecting the system to the main gas pipeline, you will have to invest a lot of money. If a main gas pipeline has already been introduced to the territory of your site, then the price will drop by several tens of thousands, but if not, get ready for spending (but it's worth it).
2. The gas system installed in your home must necessarily pass a post-installation check, since any shortcomings or manufacturing defects that were not noticed during the installation process can give discomfort to all members of the house. Remember that natural gas is hazardous to health and life.

Summarize

Here we have considered the most important points related to heating systems. Now you know for sure that it is gas stoves that differ in their characteristics, and they should be equipped on the territory of your home. In addition, financial investments will pay off very quickly after a few years. Such a heating system will give you real warmth, and you will certainly appreciate it. But to install it at home or not, it's up to you.

You can make a stove that would run on wood gas. The peculiarity of such a furnace is that it is capable of producing a very high temperature, well, it works quite curiously. Due to the high temperature, solid fuel turns into gaseous, then this gas mixes with air, and at the exit from the stove we get about the same flame that we can see on a gas stove.

Materials and tools for the manufacture of the furnace:
- a large tin cylinder (its height should be 28 cm and width 25 cm);
- another tin cylinder with a height of 28 cm and a width of 20 cm;
- cooler from the system unit (92 or 80 mm);
- steel tubes (diameter about 30 mm);
- hammer and chisel;
- scissors for cutting tin;
- hacksaw;
- screwdriver;
- screws of great length;
- Dremel and cutting attachment.

Furnace manufacturing process:

Step one. Making the body
A large tin can will be used as the body. Kerosene containers are best suited for these purposes. You need to take a jar and make a window in it for installing a fan. This is done at the bottom of the jar. The width of the window must match the size of the fan. That is, if we have a fan at 92, then the window needs to be cut out by about 88 mm, that is, a little less so that the fan does not fall into it.

Cutting such a window is easiest with a Dremel and a cutting attachment. It is also tedious to drill 4 holes for the screws, with the help of which the cooler will be attached to the furnace.

Now you can talk about a small jar; for this purpose, containers from compote or canned vegetables are suitable. You need to drill a series of holes in it, at the bottom and at the top, as indicated in the photo. It is important at the same time that the holes are located at the same distance from each other, otherwise the oven will either not work at all, or will work incorrectly.

The diameter of the holes can be different, for example, it can be larger holes, but there will be fewer of them. Or you can drill a lot of small ones. Of course, the latter option is preferable, since such a furnace will work better.

Subsequently, a cover is taken from a large cylinder and with the help of a chisel it is necessary to cut a hole of a suitable diameter in it. To do this, a jar of small diameter is taken, placed on the lid, and then a circle is drawn around it.

Then you need to insert a small jar into the lid and fix it. This can be done in two ways, by welding or by using conventional screws.

Step two. Fan installation
A fan is needed in order to force oxygen into the furnace. It is installed on special legs, this prevents the melting of its body in case of heating of the furnace body. To make the legs, you will need a piece of metal pipe, you can use brush handles. The length of the tubes should be about 2 cm, four of them are needed in total.

Then four long screws are taken and inserted into the fan holes. Next, tubes are put on the free ends of the screws. Well, now the whole structure can be screwed to the furnace body. That's all, on this the assembly process can be considered complete.

Step three. Final build step
After installing the fan, large gaps will remain, if they are not repaired, air simply will not be forced into the furnace at the right pace. For these purposes, a special adhesive tape is used for sealing. With it, you need to carefully seal all the cracks.

What distinguishes a Russian banya from a Turkish hammam or a Finnish sauna? The stove, which is not just a heating device, but its real heart. There is an opinion that this must be a heater, but if there is a connection to gas (main or bottled), then a gas-powered sauna stove will do an excellent job of heating the bath and quickly heating a large volume of water. Such a unit is light in weight, easy to use, does not require regular cleaning of the gas pipeline, words, a real find for lovers of bath procedures.

Among the additional advantages of the equipment are quick heating of the room, efficiency, which is especially important in the winter season, and relative ease of manufacture. Currently, the store assortment of heating equipment is quite wide, as well as the pricing policy, but if necessary, we will tell you how to make a do-it-yourself gas bath stove.

The total cost of such a gas furnace directly depends on what material it is built from. The highest quality and most efficient is a brick oven with a built-in inflatable burner, a metal one is an economical option, which is also advisable to be lined with bricks.

Design features

The gas furnace is structurally identical in many respects to a conventional boiler, but differs in quality characteristics associated with the characteristics of the gas. So, a fuse is necessarily provided in the body, which stops the supply of fuel at the moment the burner goes out, an absolutely sealed gas chamber. But the fundamental difference is still in the supply of fuel - if fuel is loaded into the chamber in a solid fuel furnace, then in a gas furnace - it comes directly from the gas pipeline.

For maximum safety operation, gas cylinders are always placed outside the building in a special container or bunker placed underground.

How to calculate the consumption of natural and liquefied gas

The main indicator on which the calculation depends is the area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe room and the power consumption of the equipment. Also taken into account are outdoor temperature indicators taken in the coldest time.

The calculated indicator, ideally, is always 35-50% higher than the actual consumption, since the air temperature always changes up or down. When choosing ready-made equipment, this fact should be taken into account and instead of, for example, 100 W of energy, you can take 50.

The calculation of the amount of natural gas is made according to the formula:

L \u003d Q / (qN x 0.92),

• L - calculated volume of fuel (1 cubic meter per hour);
• Q - heating power, kW;
• qH - limiting power of fuel combustion, for natural gas 10.175 kW / m 3;
• 0.92 - efficiency of a gas boiler / furnace.

On average, for heating a room of 100 sq.m. the calculation will look like this:

5 / (10.175 x 0.92) = 0.53 m 3 / h,

which corresponds to the consumption of natural gas per unit of time (hour).

Based on such indicators, it is possible to determine the nominal gas flow in any room for a certain period of time. Since the bath is not operated daily and not around the clock, such an expense will be less.

Bottled (liquefied) gas is more expensive and its consumption will have to be calculated not by liters, like natural gas, but by kilograms. The calorific value of gas remains the same - 10.175 kW / m 3 \u003d 12.8 kW / kg, heating power - 5. We get:

5 / (12.8 x 0.92) = 0.42 kg/h,

which corresponds to 0.78 liters per hour. Given that, 1 liter of bottled gas weighs 540 mg. Based on the approximate number of days and hours of operation of the bath, you can calculate the required volume.

In order to make a stove for a gas bath with your own hands, you should decide on three main parameters:

• Material;
• What will be the gas burner;
• Placement of capacity - the built-in or portable tank.

Now about each of them in more detail.

What materials are used

As mentioned earlier, it is recommended to use fireclay (refractory) brick, metal or stone to make a gas bath stove with your own hands. Stone ovens melt much longer (4-5 hours), but they also keep the temperature 3-4 hours longer than metal ones. Brick are characterized by similar indicators. In turn, metal units heat up faster (in a room up to 50 sq.m. it warms up completely in 2.5-3 hours /), but they also cool faster.

At the same time, metal furnaces are lighter than brick counterparts and it is easier to manufacture them, and if it is lined with fireclay bricks from the outside, then there will be no fundamental difference between the 2 units.

Gas-burners

In total, there are 2 main types of burners - atmospheric and pressurized.

The first option is the simplest, which does not require automatic control and related equipment. With such an atmospheric intensity of the fire, it is maintained by the air entering the chamber through the doors, respectively, the heating efficiency directly depends on the amount of incoming air.

The operation of the inflatable burner is provided by a blower fan, which forcibly draws air into the chamber and also supports the operation of the burner. Given that the fan is powered by the mains, the heating unit is volatile, which means more expensive.

A similar fan is installed in solid fuel, combined and pyrolysis boilers. About that, you will learn in the corresponding article.

Location of the water tank

By analogy with traditional sauna stoves on gas equipment, the water tank can be built-in, removable or remote, that is, located in another room. In the built-in, water heats up much faster, which is facilitated by combustion products in the heater.

To heat water in a remote tank, which can be installed in the same room or directly in the steam room, a pipe system is used.

How to make a gas oven for a bath with your own hands

A permit must be obtained for the installation of a gas oven and its connection. Technical conditions and connection procedure in each region must be coordinated with Gorgas services.

This article will focus on the manufacture of a brick gas oven with a burner. Despite the apparent complexity, it is possible to manufacture such equipment, while it is necessary to follow construction technologies and production procedures.

Preparatory process

The main design issue is the location of the future furnace. The best place would be installation in 2 rooms so as to heat all the rooms, including where people rest. The power of the manufactured stove will be enough to heat 3 main ones - a steam room, a washing room and a dressing room.

Necessary materials:

• fireclay brick;
• sheet of galvanized steel;
• fittings;
• pipe, grate;
• clay and sand;
• 2 doors blower and firebox;
• base,
• chimney;
• mineral wool for insulation,
• heater,
• burner (atmospheric or blown),
• heat resistant steel sheet,
• decorative overlays,
• automatic control unit for forced draft burner.

Video 2 We make a brick oven for a bath

Foundation

Before erecting the furnace itself, a proper foundation should be made:

1. You dig the foundation half a meter below the freezing level.
2. Pour sand 20 cm thick to the bottom - this is an air cushion that will reduce the risk of soil movement. Sand is poured abundantly with water, on top is a layer of broken brick or construction debris by 20-25 cm.
3. Fall asleep 10-15 cm with rubble and proceed to formwork. Be sure to make a reinforced frame! Pour concrete from cement, crushed stone, sand (in equal parts) and water (1/2 volume).
4. After drying the formwork, remove the wooden frame (as an option, the formwork can be fixed) and cover the entire surface with 2-3 layers of tar (you can use roofing material).

Furnace walls

Be sure to set up a protective wall that will eliminate the risk of fire in the bath. For its manufacture, it is fashionable to use a rifled brick (half), laid on a sand-clay mortar.

The solution is prepared at the rate of 1 part of clay and 1 part of river sand.

For laying the base of the furnace, the bricks are completely immersed in cold water for several minutes, after which they are still wet placed on the mortar on a bituminous base (waterproofing). The distance between the bricks should vary between 3-5 mm. All subsequent rows are laid out in a checkerboard pattern.

In the 3rd row, you build in the blower door. It is better to fasten it to the base with steel strips.

In the 4th row you make a well for the grate. Cut small holes in the bricks (0.5 cm on each side) so that there is room for thermal expansion of the metal.

Hardware installation

• In the 6th row, you also fasten the door for the blower to the steel strips.
• In the 7th - grate.
• 8th - installation of a partition for the construction of a chimney.
• 14 - tie-in channels for the tank. To do this, you need to make a recess, where the tank will subsequently “enter”.
• From the 15th row, the bricks are overlapped in half to make a distribution wall. From 15 to 18 rows, the layout is decreasing.
• In the 19th row, a door is installed to release excess vapor.
• In the 20-21st - strips for the built-in container, which must also be laid out with bricks.
• From the 23rd row, you begin to lay the chimney, the size of which is selected from the size of the bath room. From the side of the street, the pipe must be insulated with mineral wool and its height is 1 meter above the roof ridge.

The minimum thickness of the chimney must be at least ½ the thickness of the brick.

For outdoor laying of the base under the chimney, it is recommended to use a concrete solution to prevent it from being washed away by precipitation.

The final stage

After the laying of the furnace is completed, it must be plastered. This is done not only for decorative reasons, but also to improve the thermal insulation properties. For plastering, you can use any available solution, where you add at least a quarter of the volume of alabaster. This will qualitatively improve the finish and allow the materials to "breathe".

In the absence of alabaster, gypsum can be used, but at the same time prepare the solution in small portions. Compared to alabaster, gypsum sets 2 times faster.

• When choosing between a main gas pipeline and bottled gas, keep in mind that the latter has a higher thermal power factor. Recall once again that the gas cylinder must be kept outside the premises, preferably buried in a box under the ground.
• Be sure to use an automatic block for a gas boiler. This is necessary to stop the fuel supply in the event of any emergency.
• The home-made gas bath stove, which was discussed in the article, can be started after 14-20 days, depending on the ambient temperature. It is not recommended to bring it to full warm-up at the start-up.
• Be sure to use iron barriers between and in front of the wall and the heating unit to eliminate the risk of spontaneous combustion.
• Chimney labor is always made of stainless steel.
• The maximum distance from the gas burner to the end of the chimney is within 5 meters.
• In the room where the gas stove for the bath is installed, it is necessary to ensure high-quality ventilation with your own hands or with the help of specialists.

And here you will find out how the ovens differ from each other, and which one is better to choose in a ready-made version.

Video 3 How does one sauna stove differ from another

In general, we note that a gas stove for a bath is the best option. Quickly heats the room, keeps the temperature for a long time, economical in operation, there is no need for frequent cleaning of the chimney. But only this type of heating equipment, subject to connection to the main line, requires a number of coordination actions for subsequent operation.

Many owners of summer cottages and country houses often face problems in the heating system of their seasonal homes. For such buildings, it is recommended to use brick ovens. But such a heating design has a number of serious drawbacks. To quickly heat a residential building in which they do not live permanently is a rather difficult task. Gas stoves are an alternative option for heating a country house and a summer residence.

Design features

Such devices in their design practically do not differ from gas-fired boilers.

The main feature is the method of operation. The gas oven is not connected to pipelines. This is a convenient heating system for a house or cottage, which allows you to quickly warm up the premises. The liquid coolant cannot freeze in it.

The devices operate on main or bottled gas. The design of the furnace has a body, a firebox, a burner, a heating shield, automation (a system for shutting off the fuel supply).

A device designed to operate with liquefied gas can be used to heat a small house (one- or two-story). For heating large areas (more than 60 m2), gas-fired stoves are not suitable.

Such heating structures can operate in continuous or temporary mode.

This device is one of the most important elements of such a heating system. Burners used in gas ovens have different fuel consumption. To heat a small house or cottage, you can use a device that consumes no more than 4 m3 / h.

The burner is a replaceable element. It can be purchased and installed separately. A part of the required power is selected and mounted in an existing furnace. At the same time, it is necessary to pay attention to the fact that the dimensions of the threaded connection of the burner and the source of fuel supply to the heater match. The dimensions of the mounting window for this element are 40-55 cm.

All gas stoves for heating homes must have certificates confirming their compliance with the state standard of safety and quality. If there is no such documentation, then it is better not to purchase such a product.

The walls of the fuel cell are heated by the combustion of the fuel. Air, to maintain the combustion process, is supplied through the blower.

At the top of the heater there is a chimney (through which combustion products exit), it is connected to the firebox.

Advantages

A gas stove used to heat a country house or cottage is an efficient heating system. Due to the peculiarities of the fuel material used and the nuances of functioning, they have gained wide popularity. Their undoubted advantages include the following:

• durability, reliability (in fact, there is nothing to break in such a heating device, the warranty period for their operation is 12 years, but in fact a gas furnace will last much longer);
• environmental safety (devices using gas for heating will not harm a person and the environment, unlike solid fuel boilers, they do not emit toxins during operation, they can be used at any time of the day and year);
• Efficiency at a high level;
• ergonomics (gas consumption is 133 g / h, in areas with main gas, this value is even lower);
• saving space (unlike firewood, gas does not need a separate storage room, it does not need to be delivered, you can fill the cylinder at any gas station);
• ease of operation (furnaces are connected to the main pipeline or to a conventional gas cylinder and provide comfortable living conditions).

Flaws

Gas stoves are not without drawbacks. The equipment itself and its installation is by no means cheap. Natural gas is the most inexpensive fuel, but its cost in our country is systematically increasing.

Gas stoves are quite difficult to install and connect. In the event of even the smallest mistake, one can encounter huge problems in the use of such devices (they will either not do what they are intended for, or they will begin to pose a danger to the life and health of residents).

Nuances of installation and use

When installing gas equipment at home or in the country, it is necessary to take into account a number of requirements for it.

Often, for heating private housing, not one, but two devices are connected to the chimney. If two gas units are connected, then they are located at different levels in relation to each other. The distance between them must be at least 0.5 m. A cut must be made in the chimney if it is nevertheless decided to install the heaters on the same level.

This design can be in the form of a cylinder, an oval, in some cases even a square. But in the latter version, you may encounter the problem of poor-quality traction.

The branch pipe of the gas furnace must be of the same or smaller section as the chimney channel. If several heating devices are connected, then the cross section is determined using special calculations. At the same time, they take into account that the units can work simultaneously.

The chimney pipe must be protected from excess condensate. To do this, a stainless steel structure is mounted inside it. The chimney must be installed strictly vertically. In this case, there should be no ledges.

Installation

It is required to maintain a certain distance between the wall and the furnace: it must be at least 5 m.

The heater must be placed on a non-combustible solid base, the dimensions of which must exceed the parameters of the furnace by 10 cm on each side.

Absolutely forbidden

It is impossible to create a chimney from materials that have a porous structure. It is also forbidden to run the pipe through rooms with poor ventilation.

Criterias of choice

When buying a gas stove for heating a country house, cottage, bath, garage, you need to pay attention to the following:

• the size of the unit, its compliance with the parameters of the building that it will have to heat;
• the presence of an automatic system for shutting off the fuel supply, a thermostat and a gas fuse (the last two will require a small overpayment, but during the operation of the gas furnace they will save money);
• possibility of functioning of a gas torch on the main and liquefied gas;
• equipment certification.

Manufacturers

Russian-made gas furnaces (Teplodar, Rus, Troika, Termofor) have good reviews. They are of high quality and are presented on the domestic market in a wide range. They have a nice design, a steel firebox, a door made of metal or heat-resistant glass. Such units are characterized by high performance, simplicity and unpretentiousness in use. Some models are equipped with special valves that allow you to regulate the temperature.

A gas stove for heating a summer house, a private house is a profitable and practical option. If desired, it can be assembled with your own hands, but in case of an oversight, such a device can lead to leakage of fuel material and an explosion. Therefore, safety precautions are very important.