Past Indefinite (Simple) is translated into Russian as the past indefinite (simple) tense. Past Simple is usually used to express actions that were performed in the past and have no connection with the present time period. This tense has its own temporary indicators that help us determine what is in front of us Past Simple. These include:

• yesterday - yesterday
• last Monday / week / month / year - last Monday / last week / last month / year
• a minute / hour / day / week / month / year ago
• in 2012 - in 2012
• on the 12th of March - March 12th (specific date)
• that Tuesday / day / night / evening / week / month / year - that Tuesday / that day / that night / that evening / that week / that month / that year

As a rule, when constructing sentences in the Past Simple, these markers are either at the beginning of the sentence or at the very end.

Yesterday we went to the zoo. We went to the zoo yesterday.

We had a big party last Saturday. We had a big party last Saturday.

Past Simple is used in the following cases:

1. to indicate simple facts relating to the past tense

The house stood on a hill. - The house was on a hill.

She was beautiful. - She was beautiful.

2. to indicate habitual actions in the past

In summer I always got up at 7 o'clock. In the summer I always got up at 7 o'clock.

On Sunday evening they went for a walk in the park. On Sunday evenings they walked in the park.

He usually took the first train in the morning. He didn't usually get on the first morning train.

3. to indicate the sequence of actions in the past.

He got up, washed his face, cleaned his teeth, put on his uniform and went to school. He got up, washed, brushed his teeth, put on his uniform and went to school (that is, he did all the actions one after the other).

The car stopped, the door opened and a pretty girl got out of it. The car stopped, the door opened, and a nice girl got out of the car.

4. To indicate an action that took place at a certain moment, with verbs not used in the Continuous form (action in progress).

He believed in God at that time. At that time he believed in God.

Past Indefinite (Simple) - past indefinite (simple) time. Past Simple is usually used to express actions that were performed in the past and have no connection with the present time period.

Affirmative sentences in Past Simple are built as follows:

The word order in negative sentences is as follows:

Interrogative sentences in English language it is necessary to build as follows: 1. auxiliary verb 2. subject 3. semantic verb 4. secondary members of the sentence:

Did you like the film you saw yesterday? Did you like the movie you saw yesterday?

If a question word appears in a question, then it must be put in first place, and then everything else:

What did you do yesterday? - What did you do yesterday?

There are two categories of verbs in English: regular and irregular. Most of them are regular verbs. Regular verbs in Past Simple form II and III forms with the ending -ed.

There are some rules for joining and pronouncing the -ed ending.

Rules for adding the ending -ed:

1. If the verb ends in -e, then only the ending -d is attached:

   
   free - freed (free)

2. In all other cases, you must add the ending -ed:

   stay - stayed (stay)
   talk - talked (talk, chat)

3. The final consonant is doubled if it is one and if it comes after a short and stressed vowel:

   nod - nodded (nod)
   
   stir - stirred (stir)
   permit - permitted (permit)
   refer - referred (refer)
   compel - compelled (force)

4. The final consonant -l is doubled even when it comes after an unstressed vowel (British English):

   travel - travelled (travel)
   cancel - cancelled (cancel)

5. Some verbs ending in a voiceless consonant -p also doubling:

   kidnap - kidnapped (kidnap)
   handicap - handicapped (obstruct)
   worship - worshipped (worship)

6. If the verb ends in -y and it is preceded by a consonant, change the -y to -i and add -ed:

   cry - cried (cry, scream)
   reply - replied (answer)

Rules for pronunciation of the ending -ed.

The -ed ending has three pronunciations:

1. - If the verb ends in consonants [d] or [t]:

   skate - skated (skating)
   chat - chatted (to chat)
   decide - decided (decide)
   end - ended (end (sya)

2. [d] - If the verb ends in a voiced consonant, except for [d]:

   live - lived (live)
   travel - travelled (travel)
   change - changed (change)

3. [t] - If the consonant ends in a voiceless consonant other than [t]:

   talk - talked (to speak)
   stop - stopped (stop (s)
   wish - wished (wish)
   place - placed (place)

Some of the most common regular verbs include:

Agree - Agree
Allow - Allow
Answer - Answer
Ask - Ask
Believe - Believe
Borrow - Borrow
Call - call
Carry - Wear
Change - Change
Close - Close
Cook - cook
Copy - Copy
Dance - dance
Decide - Decide
Discuss - Discuss
Explain - Explain
Finish - Finish
Follow - Follow
Happen - Happen
Help - Help
Learn - Learn
Like - Like
Listen - Listen
Live - Live
Look - Look
Move - Move
Need - Need
Open - Open
Play - Play
Promise - Promise
Remember - Remember
Start - Start
Stop - stop
Study - Learn
Suggest - Suggest
Talk - Talk
Travel - Travel
Try - try
Turn - Turn
Use - Use
Wait - Wait
Walk - Walk
Watch - Watch
Work - Work
Worry - Worry

Examples of the use of regular verbs in Past Simple:

Mary agreed to become Bill's wife in 2006. - Mary agreed to become Bill's wife in 2006.

In June we decided to go to Germany. In June we decided to go to Germany.

We started to learn English six years ago. We started learning English six years ago.

Last week we moved to another flat. We moved into a new apartment last week.

He didn't help me when I was sick. He didn't help me when I was sick.

At the exam the teacher asked me many questions. The teacher asked me a lot of questions during the exam.

When did you buy your bike? – When did you buy your bike?

We saw this film last month. We watched this film last month.

They discussed the problem during the meeting. They discussed the problem during the meeting.

For irregular verbs, the II form is formed differently: the form of the word may change completely (go - went - go), for some verbs I and II forms may coincide (put - put - put) and so on. In any case, irregular verbs should be memorized.

Our article today is devoted to such an English word as go (went). This verb interests us for many reasons. And the first is its ambiguity. The fact is that the verb go (went, gone) can be used in very different constructions and have many meanings and translations. This often confuses people who are learning English.

Moreover, both real and past form The go verb can be used in so many phrases that some users are simply confused by it and misunderstand and mistranslate a particular sentence. Our task is to consider all the forms and uses of this word and make it easier to work with it.

Meaning

Go (went) is a verb that has quite a variety of translations. All of them depend not only on the context, but also on the accompanying word. We will consider in the article all possible options for using this verb and give examples of how it is used in sentences. So, the word of interest to us in translation from English can have the following meanings:

• "Walk, go." We go to work every day. - We go to work every day.
• "Ride, ride." They went to Crimea last summer. - Last summer they went to the Crimea.
• "Travel". I go to different countries with pleasure. - I enjoy traveling to different countries.
• "Leave, pass." The headache has gone already. - The headache is gone.
• "Cruise". This bus goes every twenty minutes. This bus runs every twenty minutes.
• "Study". Do you know that Mike goes mountaineering? - Did you know that Mike is a rock climber?
• "Become, become." This soup will go sour if you don't put it into the fridge. - This soup will go sour (become sour) if you do not put it in the refrigerator.

As you can see, there are a lot of translation options, and a person who does not know all the facets of this word can easily get confused. In addition, there are some features in the formation of temporary forms.

Forms of the verb go

There are two types of verbs in English: regular and irregular. The first type is formed at different times according to the rules. The second one does not have uniform rules, therefore all irregular verbs are placed in a separate table, and all their forms must be learned by heart for correct use. Our verb is of this type. Its three forms used in speech and writing are go/went/gone.

• The first form is used in the present tense.
• The second is used in the simple past tense.
• The third occurs in the completed tense.

Consider all the options for temporary formulas for this verb with examples.

On the example of such sentences, you can clearly see which of the forms is used and what the full formula of a particular tense looks like.

Use of the verb with to

Go (went) is a verb that is most often paired with some kind of preposition. One of the most common maintainers is to. This word expresses the direction of movement of an object in a sentence. That is, if we say go to work, this means that a person goes to work. But there is one nuance that is worth remembering. Can be used after a preposition article the, and you need to understand in what cases this is done. If the word used as the goal of the movement is used for its intended purpose, then there is no need to put the article. If the usual meaning of the word has changed and the purpose of the object has changed, you need to put the article for clarification.

• Gorge goes to school every day. - George goes to school every day (He goes there to study).
• Fred went to the school because he wanted to see that teacher. - Fred went to school because he wanted to see that teacher (Fred's goal was not to study, but to see the person).

Using the gerund with the verb go/went/gone

Irregular verbs, like regular ones, can be used in tandem with a form such as gerund. And the verb we are interested in is no exception. So, the most common phrases are those that mean doing some kind of sport, as well as shopping:

• When I was young I went swimming every week. - When I was young, I went swimming every week.
• She likes to go shopping so much! She loves shopping so much!
• The doctor advised me to go running in order to avoid problems. - In order to avoid problems, the doctor advised me to take up running.

Set expressions

Also, the verb go (went / gone) is used in a number of stable phrases that you need to know by heart. Otherwise, you will never correctly translate a sentence with such an expression.

• go sightseeing (see the sight);
• go in for sports (go in for sports);
• go gray / bald (turn gray / bald);
• go mad (go crazy);
• go blind (go blind);
• go deaf (deaf);
• go bankrupt (go bankrupt);
• have a go (try).

Let's look at examples of how such phrases look like:

• Do you want to go sightseeing? - Do you want to go sightseeing?
• All boys in our class go in for sports. All the boys in our class go in for sports.
• I am afraid to go gray very early. - I'm afraid to turn gray early.
• Don't go mad and return home. - Don't go crazy and come home.
• After that accident my friend went blind. - After that incident, my friend went blind.
• If you don't shut up, I will definitely go deaf. If you don't shut up, I'll definitely go deaf.
• After the crisis a lot of companies went bankrupt. - After the crisis, many companies went bankrupt.
• Don't you want to have a go and do it? - Don't you want to try it?

Phrasal verb

In addition to set expressions, the verb go in the past tense, present and future can be part of a phrasal construction. This means that in combination with other prepositions, the word acquires a different meaning. These values ​​also need to be learned in order to apply them correctly.

• Go on (continue). The children didn't want to go on study because it was very boring. - The children didn't want to continue studying because it was boring.
• Go out (go for a walk). My sister went out in the evening and I stayed at home. - My sister went for a walk in the evening, and I stayed at home.
• Go back to (return to something). Let's go back to our business in order to find a mistake. - Let's go back to our case in order to find the mistake.
• Go out with (meet someone on a date). I don't want you to go out with that man because he is rather strange. - I don't want you to date that guy because he's weird.
• Go up (grow up). The price is constantly going up and I worry about it. - The price is constantly rising, and I'm worried about it.
• Go down (fall). We expect our scholarship to go down. - Our stipend is expected to go down.
• Go without (do without). Can you go without money for a long time? - Can you do without money for a long time?

Construction with a verb

Go (went) is a multifaceted verb, and in addition to all the above uses, it has another very common construction. This is the phrase to be going to. Translated from English, it sounds like "going to do something." The peculiarity of such a phrase is that, having heard given verb, most people tend to translate it as "go, go." This greatly interferes with correct interpretation. After all, this phrase has nothing to do with movement or movement.

• We are going to visit a doctor a bit later. - We're going to visit the doctor a little later.
• Kate is going to work all the day long. Kate is going to work all day long.

As you can see, this verb does not express movement at all, but is part of the standard construction for expressing the future tense. To summarize, I would like advice to those people who are trying to master English in high level. In order for your speech to sound correct, you need to carefully study all the translation options for each verb. Depending on the situation and scope of application, the meaning may change radically. This must not be forgotten. Good luck learning English!

Past Simple is translated as "simple past". This tense would be really simple if not for irregular verbs. If you remember, verbs in Past Simple are regular and irregular. But if they are “wrong”, they should not exist at all in nature, why teach them? But the language has its own laws, and today we will try to understand them.

First, let's talk about Past Simple in general

We use the Past Simple when we talk about a completed action in the past. Often we clarify When that's exactly what happened (yesterday, last week when I was young).

In Past Simple, verbs are used to describe single or regular actions in the past.

How exactly is the simple past tense formed?

By changing the verb. All regular Past Simple tense verbs change in the same way, but the forms of irregular verbs need to be memorized.

Let's talk about regular verbs first.

All verbs have a base form, this is the form we see in the dictionary, for example,

listen - listen
call - call

To form the Past Simple form from the regular verb, it is enough to add the ending -ed to the base form.

How regular verbs change in Past Simple: table

Depending on the final letters of the verb, ed can be added in different ways:

• If the verb ends in -e, only -d is added:

  Move-moved
  Like - liked

• If the verb ends in a consonant + y, y changes to -ied:

  Cry - cry

• If the verb is stressed on the last syllable and ends in a vowel + one consonant, the final consonant is doubled:

  Prefer - preferred

• Regardless of the stress, if the verb ends in l, this letter is doubled in the Past Simple:

  Travel - traveled

Irregular verbs Past Simple English

For some reason, this phrase causes awe and, at best, the first lines of the table learned at school. You can not call them "wrong" and use a "softer" version of the name of verbs that are not formed according to the rules - irregular Verbs. This means, simply, that these verbs form the past tense and the past participle not with the ending -ed, but in their own way. This is due to the processes that inevitably occur in the language. English is constantly changing, influenced by other languages ​​and historical events. Therefore, some grammatical phenomena are not always explained by logic.

Native English speakers themselves do not like these irregular verbs, make mistakes in them, and out of ignorance, children give out sentences like:

I fell

Everything seems to be clear, -ed was added to the English word "fall" ... But this is not regular verb- fall, Past Simple - fell. Children who make such mistakes do not yet know this.

But we are not children, are we? So let's arm ourselves with knowledge! Yes, you may first have to paste all the walls with lists of these non-standard verbs. Speaking in English, sometimes you will stop in thought - is this the correct verb? What will the verb "say" look like in the Past Simple? Did I pronounce the right form, didn’t I confuse anything? This will happen, but, over time, less and less. Soon you will reach a level where forms of irregular verbs will automatically come to mind. This is inevitable because:

• These verbs are very, very common. You will get used to them, there is no other way. Neither eat- eat (Past Simple - ate), nor say something - say (Past Simple - said), nor write(write), nor get something (get) in English will not work without them. You will hear these forms anywhere and everywhere. And so remember them better.
• They are sufficient, but, nevertheless, a limited number. Many new verbs appear every year, but they are all regular, that is, they form the past tense with -ed. For example, there is a new verb to google - to google, or to search for something in the Google search engine. The past tense will be googled.

I googled"Past Simple Irregular Verbs" and found this article - I googled "Paste Simple Irregular Verbs" and found this article

Google is the correct verb, it's new; found - incorrect, invented a long time ago.

So how do you learn them, these irregular verbs? - you ask.

The most proven tool for learning different forms of Past Simple is the verb table. Humanity has not yet invented anything more perfect. Additionally, you can use applications to memorize irregular verbs, do exercises where you need to choose them correct form, and even sing memory songs (they are on Youtube).

In the tables, the first column contains the verb in its basic form - the infinitive, the second - the past tense form, the third - the past participle ( Past Participle).

The past participle is used in the tenses of the Perfect group:

I have done my homework (I did my homework)

and in the passive voice:

My homework was done (Homework was done).

Learning lists of irregular verbs is not easy. To make the task easier, you can select different groups and subgroups of these verbs, and learn them separately. Many of them have common features. For example, there are verbs in which the forms do not differ from each other, there are those in which the same vowels alternate, and so on. So,

Past Simple verb table No. 1: verbs where all three forms are the same

Table number 2 - verbs where the Past Simple and Past Participle forms do not differ from each other (there are most of them):

And finally, Past Simple verbs, table number 3 - when all three options are different. There are several patterns in which they change, i.e. different letters occur in certain places:

Good luck in the difficult, but such a necessary task of learning irregular verbs! Let's treat them like beautiful old English cars. There are not so many left, new ones are no longer produced. Maybe they are not so convenient to use, but they are unusual in shape and absolutely unique!

In English speech. This is the main verb responsible for the designation of movement. It has the following values:

The grammatical characteristic of the verb to go

This verb belongs to the category of irregular verbs. Below are three basic forms that, in the verb to go, as well as in other verbs of this group, do not obey the rules in their formation:

The verb to go is pronounced, which means it cannot be used in forms. In the active voice, the verb to go has the following forms:

Direction designation with the verb to go (to / to the / no preposition)

The verb to go is very often used to indicate a certain direction. Traditionally, in English, the preposition to is used to indicate direction. However, sometimes the definite article should be used after it (go to the theater / go to the theater), and sometimes not (go to school / go to school). Let's figure out when the article after to is needed and when not.

The article the may not be used before the words school (school), hospital (hospital), university (university), church (church), prison (prison), bed (bed, bed), work (work) if these places / institutions are used the performer of the action for their intended purpose. That is, he goes to school to study, to the hospital - to be treated, to church - to pray, to bed - to sleep, etc. If the performer of the action is sent there for some other purpose, then the article the is used. Consider the following examples:

The same rule applies to these nouns even if another verb is used. With other destination nouns, the article the is used after the preposition to: go to the cinema (go to the cinema), go to the circus (go to the circus), etc.

However, there are also cases when the use of the preposition and the article is completely unnecessary. This includes the set expression to go home (go home):

Also, without a preposition, the verb to go is used with a gerund, that is, the ing form of the verb, which is described in more detail below.

Using the verb to go with a gerund

Quite often, the verb to go is found in constructions with a gerund. In part, such constructions can be translated with the basic meaning of the verb to go, for example, to go shopping - “go shopping”, but since the gerund often expresses a certain occupation, the more convenient translation in many cases is the meaning of “to do”:

Set expressions with the verb to go

In fact, there are many more set expressions with the verb to go. We recommend that you write down the most interesting of them when you come across them - this way you can easily remember them.

Phrasal verbs with stem to go