1737 Born A. G. Orlov, military and statesman, general-in-chief (1769), count (1762). He began his service as a soldier in the Life Guards Preobrazhensky Regiment. He played a significant role in the coup of 1762, which brought Catherine II to the throne. Direct participant in the assassination of Peter III. In 1768-1769 developed a plan for an expedition against Turkey in the Mediterranean Sea. Provided general management of the expedition. For the victory in the Chesma naval battle in 1770, he was awarded the Order of St. George, 1st class. and received the right to add the name Chesmensky to the surname. The main organizer of the export to Russia of Princess Tarakanova, who laid claim to the Russian throne. Retired since 1775. Died 01/05/1808
He was a keen connoisseur and connoisseur of horses. Visiting the East and Europe during military campaigns and purchasing horses for himself and the palace stables, Orlov did not skimp, as a result of which the most valuable breeding material was concentrated in Russia. Catherine II granted Orlov 120 thousand acres of land in the Voronezh province, and in 1776 the Khrenovsky stud farm was founded there, which became the main center for the creation of a new breed. In the process of creating the Oryol trotter, Arabian, Danish, Dutch, Mecklenburg and other breeds were involved. In 1784, the gray foal Bars I was born, who is considered the ancestor of all Orlov residents. According to Orlov, the new horse “had all the parts corresponding to its height, correct, had lightness, great strength and trotted perfectly, lively.”
1754 The Senate Decree was issued “On the establishment of customs outposts and outposts on the Polish border, on the assignment of a sufficient number of mounted troops for traveling around them.” The decree defined specific measures to protect the border and combat smuggling.
1763 King Augustus III of Poland, elevated to the throne with Russian help in 1733, died. The absence of the sovereign allowed new intervention of foreign states in Polish affairs.
1788 The frigate "Evangelist Mark" gave battle to a detachment of the Swedish rowing flotilla.
1854 First bombardment of Sevastopol: at dawn - from land. At noon - from the sea. The Anglo-French-Turkish fleet, having fired 50 thousand shells, was forced to retreat.
1888 In Sevastopol, the Naval Cathedral was consecrated in the name of Equal-to-the-Apostles Prince Vladimir, which served as the tomb of many officers of the Russian army and the Black Sea Fleet.
1903 Born A. L. Getman, Army General (1964), Hero of the Soviet Union (1965). Participated in the battles on the Khalkhin Gol River (1939) against Japanese troops. Having started the Great Patriotic War as the commander of a tank division, he finished as its deputy. commander of the 1st Guards Tank Army. After the war, he commanded the army and military district. Chairman of DOSAAF USSR in 1965-1972. Died 04/08/1987
1904 During the Russo-Japanese War of 1904-1905. The battle began at the Shakhe River between the 200,000-strong Russian army (General A.N. Kuropatkin), advancing to assist the besieged Port Arthur, and the 170,000-strong Japanese army of I. Oyama. The battle was of the nature of oncoming battles and ended on October 17 with a transition to positional defense.
1909 N.D. was born. Sergeev, admiral of the fleet (1970). He began serving in the navy in 1928. During the Great Patriotic War, an officer of the Main Naval Staff commanded a brigade of ships of the Volga Military Flotilla. After the war, he held a number of positions in the central apparatus of the Navy, commanded a military flotilla. In 1967-1977. Chief of the Main Staff of the Navy - 1st Deputy. Commander-in-Chief of the Navy. Died 02/11/1999
1917 Born N.I. Smirnov, Admiral of the Fleet (1973). In the Navy since 1937. During the Great Patriotic War he fought in the Black Sea Fleet. In the post-war years, he commanded the submarine forces of various fleets and was deputy. Commander of the Black Sea Fleet, Deputy Chief of the Main Staff of the Navy. Since 1969, Commander of the Pacific Fleet. Since 1974 1st deputy. Commander-in-Chief of the Navy. Died 1992
1918 Local criminal investigation bodies were created under the Main Police Directorate of the NKVD (Tsentrorozysk) - Day of Criminal Investigation Workers.
1930 Born P.R. Popovich, Major General of Aviation (1976), twice Hero of the Soviet Union (1962, 1974), pilot-cosmonaut of the USSR. He made flights on Vostok-4 in August 1962, Soyuz-14 and on the Salyut-3 orbital station in July 1974.
1939 The USSR and Latvia entered into an agreement on mutual assistance, according to which the 2nd Special Rifle Corps of the Red Army entered the territory of Latvia.
1944 The Memel offensive operation of the troops of the 1st Baltic (Army General I. Kh. Bagramyan) and part of the forces of the 3rd Belorussian (Army General I. D. Chernyakhovsky) fronts began.
On October 10, Soviet troops reached the Baltic Sea, cutting off the enemy group from East Prussia. The operation ended on October 22.
1948 One of the most destructive earthquakes known to world history occurred on the territory of the Turkmen SSR. The city of Ashgabat with a population of 130 thousand people turned into ruins. The death toll was over 32 thousand people. Troops of the Turkestan Military District were urgently transferred to the earthquake area, 10,000 canvas army tents, 50 thousand square meters were sent. m of prefabricated wooden houses, a lot of cement, glass, nails, plywood, etc., in order to create conditions for the affected population that support their livelihoods. From October 6 to October 11, 240 heavy aircraft of both military and civil aviation delivered doctors, medicines, food and other necessary supplies to Ashgabat.
1967 Pilot M. Komarov on the E-266 aircraft (modification of the MiG-25) set a world record on a closed 500-km route, flying along it at an average speed of 2981.5 km/h.
1967 Pilot A.V. Fedotov on an E-266 jet aircraft with a load of 2 tons reached an altitude of 30,010 m, setting a world record. (E-266 is the designation of E-155 when registering the record with the FAI.)
1995 The President of the Russian Federation approved the Regulations on the Fundamentals of the Border Policy of the Russian Federation.
1999 By Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation No. 1122, the Government Commission on Social Issues of Military Personnel, Citizens Discharged from Military Service, and Members of Their Families was established, and the Regulations and composition of the commission were approved. Among the main tasks are the development of measures for military-patriotic education of citizens of the Russian Federation, coordination of the activities of federal and regional executive authorities participating in the implementation of the State program “Patriotic education of citizens of the Russian Federation for 2001-2005.” Deputy Chairman of the Government of the Russian Federation V. I. Matvienko was elected chairman of the commission.
World Space Week
On 6 December 1999, the General Assembly proclaimed the period from 4 to 10 October as World Space Week to celebrate the contribution of space science and technology to human well-being. The idea to establish World Space Week first appeared at the 3rd UN World Space Conference. At this forum, the Moroccan delegation put forward a proposal to proclaim July 20 as World Space Day, coinciding this date with the day the US expedition landed on the Moon. Morocco's proposal was received very ambiguously. Most delegations expressed support for the idea of declaring a special World Space Day. However, the date itself caused widespread debate. An unexpected proposal was made by the Iranian delegate. He proposed celebrating not World Space Day, but World Space Week, which could begin on October 4 and end on October 10. Such an unexpected proposal found support among most countries, including Russia, since it was based on two important dates for it. This is the launch of the first artificial Earth satellite and the entry into force of the Outer Space Treaty, which was developed at the initiative of Russia. The proposal for World Space Week was unanimously supported by the conference participants.
World Animal Day
The decision to celebrate World Animal Day was made on October 4 at the International Congress of Nature Supporters, held in Florence in 1931. Animal protection societies in many countries around the world have declared their readiness to annually organize a variety of public events. In Russia, this date has been celebrated since 2000 on the initiative of the International Fund for Animal Welfare. Animal Day was established to raise public awareness of the need to protect the environment and increase activity in animal protection.
Civil Defense Day of the Ministry of Emergency Situations of Russia
Today, civil defense is one of the most important functions of the state, an integral part of defense construction and ensuring the country's security. Over the past years, specialized units of Russian civil defense have taken part in more than 150 thousand rescue operations in Russia and 48 countries around the world. Currently, a unified state system for preventing and responding to emergency situations (RSChS) has been formed and is effectively operating in Russia, which is a national system for countering crisis phenomena.
International Doctors Day (date for 2009)
The profession of a doctor is one of the most ancient. The first professional oath of a doctor was the Hippocratic Oath. At the initiative of the World Health Organization, the first Monday in October is celebrated as International Doctors Day. This is a day of solidarity and active action among doctors around the world. In 1971, the international medical humanitarian organization Doctors Without Borders - Medecins Sans Frontieres, MSF - was created. MSF, operating under the auspices of the UN, provides assistance to victims of natural disasters, armed conflicts, epidemics, social marginalization in more than 80 countries around the world, helping everyone, regardless of political, religious or ethnic affiliation. Each year, around 700 MSF health workers work in hot spots around the world.
World Architects Day (date for 2009)
In 1996, the International Union of Architects, at its 20th General Assembly in Barcelona, adopted a resolution to move the celebration of World Architecture Day to the first Monday in October. The International Union of Architects was created immediately after the Second World War. Then his goal was to resolve the pressing problem of restoring war-torn cities, towns and industrial enterprises - the consequences of the Second World War. Now the ISA has about one hundred national sections and more than a million architects. Traditionally, on this day, architects all over the world gather at conferences where they discuss the conditions and results of their activities, consider the problems of architectural education, and organize creative discussions. Exhibitions are organized on this day. Every year the holiday has a specific theme.
World Shelter Day (date for 2009)
World Habitat Day is celebrated on the first Monday of October; its other name is International Housing Day (from the English “habitat” - “housing conditions”). In 1985, in accordance with the recommendation of the Commission on Human Settlements, the UN General Assembly established “World Habitat Day” with the goal of providing housing for the world's population by the year 2000. Problems of housing and living conditions were raised at a high level at the first UN conference on sustainable settlement development in Vancouver in 1976. The world has changed significantly since then, but the problems of poverty, pollution and disease remain acute.
290th anniversary of the birth of Giovanni Piranesi (1720–1778)
Italian archaeologist, architect and graphic artist. Born on October 4, 1720 in Mogliano Veneto, in the family of a stonemason. He was taught the basics of Latin and classical literature by his older brother Angelo. Later, while working in the Venice magistrate under the guidance of his uncle, he learned the basics of architecture. In 1740, Piranesi travels to Rome. There he enthusiastically explores ancient architecture. Along the way, he studied the art of metal engraving in the workshop of Giuseppe Vasi. In 1743, Piranesi published his first series of engravings in Rome. In his engravings, he imagined and showed fantastic architectural structures that were impossible to realize in reality. The collection of large engravings "Grotesques", published in 1745, as well as a series of fourteen sheets "Fantasies on Prison Themes" brought him great success. In these works, Piranesi paid tribute to the so-called paper, or imaginary, architecture. In 1763, Pope Clement III commissioned Piranesi to build the choir in the Church of San Giovanni in Laterano. Piranesi's main work in the field of real, “stone” architecture was the reconstruction of the church of Santa Maria Aventina. The work was carried out in 1764–1765. In the 1770s, Piranesi also carried out measurements of the temples of Paestum and made corresponding sketches and engravings, which were published after the artist's death by his son Francesco. The artist died on November 9, 1778 in Rome after a long illness. He was buried in the church of Santa Maria del Priorato.
85 years since the birth of Marlen Martynovich Khutsiev (b. 1925)
Film director. People's Artist of the RSFSR (1977), People's Artist of the USSR (1986). President of the Russian Film Directors Guild. Head of the department of feature film directing at VGIK, professor. Since 1944 he has been working in cinema (artist's assistant). In 1950 he graduated from the directing department of VGIK and made his debut as a director. The theme of the modern young generation, with its problems and relationships, is especially close to his work. In the films “Spring on Zarechnaya Street” (together with F. K. Mironer), “Two Fedoras”, “I am twenty years old” (jury prize at the 26th Venice International Film Festival), “July Rain”, as well as in the television film “ It was the month of May,” the detailed, unhurried narrative is distinguished by documentary accuracy, imbued with deep inner drama and subtle lyricism. Khutsiev owns the documentary television film “The Scarlet Sail of Paris”. Laureate of the State Prize of the Russian Federation (1993). Knight of the Order of Merit for the Fatherland, II degree. Awarded the Order of the Badge of Honor.
Significant events in the world of music - BIRTHDAYS
AND Talian composer and singer of the Baroque era was born 1 October 1639 (1644 ) of the year. For a long time, there was no accurate biographical information about him in the literature. A legend has developed around the composer’s personality about the miraculous power of his music, about attempts on his life due to jealousy and revenge.
wrote operas, cantatas, oratorios and instrumental music. Works Stradella enjoyed wide fame during her lifetime.
R romantic story of life and death Stradella itself became the source of several operas, of which the most famous is Friedrich von Flotow "Alessandro Stradella" (1844 ).
F French composer, theater critic Paul Abraham Dukas was born October 1, 1865. His first major compositions were two overtures, written in 1883
. After a number of unsuccessful attempts to receive the Rome Prize, the young musician left the conservatory.
U rush has come Duke V 1892 when his overture was performed in Paris "Polyevkt". Other famous works 1890s – Symphony in C major and scherzo "The Sorcerer's Apprentice". Despite the success of his writings, Duke was very critical of them and destroyed manuscripts, which is why many of his works from this time have not survived.
IN early 20th century Duke turned to major stage works: opera "Arianna and Bluebeard" and ballet "Peri", first staged in 1912. Subsequently, the musician switched to teaching and critical work and never again composed a single major work, and destroyed all existing sketches.
October 1, 1903 born - American pianist of Ukrainian origin. His first solo concert took place in Kharkov in 1920. Beginning with 1922 Horowitz, giving concerts in the cities of Russia, Ukraine, Georgia, Armenia, he accumulated a gigantic repertoire.
In September 1925, Vladimir Horowitz before leaving for Germany, he learned and played in Leningrad 1st concert. Thanks to this composition he became famous in Europe. The concert played a “fatal” role in the pianist’s life: every time he achieved triumph in Europe and America, Horowitz performed exactly this piece.
WITH the Soviet government chose Horovets represent Ukraine at the inaugural International competition V 1927, but the pianist decided to stay in the West and therefore did not participate in the competition. Before 1940 He toured almost all European countries with concerts and was a stunning success everywhere. In Paris, when he played, the gendarmes were called to calm the audience, who were breaking chairs in ecstasy.
In 1928, Vladimir Horowitz performed brilliantly at Carnegie Hall in New York and toured many American cities with resounding success. IN 1940 he finally settled in the USA.
In the early 1980s the pianist was plagued by failures. Concerts in Japan in 1983 failed. IN 1986, after a 6-year absence, gave concerts in Moscow and Leningrad. The concert in the capital of Russia was broadcast by the world's leading television companies, and videotapes did not leave store shelves for many years. IN 1987 The film “The Last Romantic” was filmed in the pianist’s New York apartment, and in the same year the pianist gave his last concert in Hamburg.
IN great musician died November 5, 1989, and with 1995 held in Kyiv International Competition for Young Pianists in Memory Vladimir Horowitz .
October 1, 1935 was born Julie Elizabeth Andrews DBE- British actress, singer and writer. Already during the war she constantly performed in the music halls of London, and with the onset of adulthood she moved to Broadway, where she was proclaimed "Queen of the Musical". A real sensation was caused by her performance of the role of Eliza Dolittle in the updated version of the play by George Bernard Shaw. "My Fair Lady". The best authors wrote musicals "Camelot" And "Cinderella" especially for the young actress, however 1964 Andrews I thought it was time to try my hand at cinema.
Signed a contract with Walt Disney Studios to star in the film version "Mary Poppins". This picture turned out to be one of the most commercially successful projects in the history of the studio and brought the actress an Oscar for Best Actress. On the wave of success, she played the main role in the musical film "Sounds of music", which also became a timeless classic of family cinema: it won the Oscar for best film of the year, brought Andrews second nomination for this award and made her name known throughout the world.
In 1997 as a result of surgery to remove polyps Julie I lost my amazing voice. Fortunately, her career as an actress continued. IN 1999 The Queen of Great Britain awarded her the title of Dame. The paradox was that while playing virtuous governesses, Andrews she found herself squeezed into the framework of a certain type, with which she had to fight for the rest of her life. Within the framework of musical theater, she essentially had nothing else to play, and in cinema she was written off as a star early 1960s. However, starting with the film The Americanization of Emily, the acting range has constantly expanded. She recently made her debut as a theater director, starring in the children's comedy The Princess Diaries and voicing the queen in the animated film Shrek 2.
P Today he accepts congratulations from friends and relatives. Russian actor, playwright, poet, lyricist was born October 1, 1945.
In 1978 Denisov met Anatoly Kalvarsky. To the music of this composer Nikolay wrote my first four songs. The first performer was a theater and film actor, who released in 1980 record "Four Ballads".
WITH At the same time, he began to write poetry for Valery Leontyev's songs. In total, the singer performed over 50 compositions based on poetry Nikolai Denisov, among them: " Cabaret», « I'm groovy», « Sheri», « Maple Leaf», « Night call», « My berry" and others.
P write about poems Nikolai Denisov also perform Nadezhda Babkina, Philip Kirkorov, Mikhail Shufutinsky, Anne Vesky and others.
N Dutch singer, lead singer of the group Shocking Blue was born October 1, 1947.
Mariska began her singing career in 1964 in The Hague with a beat group Les Mysteres. The ensemble won the talent competition in Merrust (Warmond), toured Germany and released a single "Summertime".
In 1966 the singer joined the lineup for a while Blue Fighters, The Hague Group. Then she sang with groups Danny & Favorites (1967 ) And Motowns (1967 ). Veres recorded two solo singles: "Topkapi" (1965 ) And "Dag en nacht" (1967 ) before joining 1967 To Bumble Bees.
H two years later, in 1969 , the group released their first official album, and in 1970 became world famous after the single "Venus" topped the charts in the USA, Italy, Belgium, France, Spain and Germany. The single peaked at number 3 in the Netherlands and at number 10 in the UK.
P donkey "Venus" Shocking Blue released another 15 singles and 10 albums. Their songs became hits "Never Marry a Railroad Man", "Long Lonesome Road", "Hello Darkness", "Blossom Lady" And "Eve and the Apple".
P after the breakup Shocking Blue V 1974 Veres started a solo career, but did not achieve success. IN 1978 Mariska took part in the recording of the single "Neon City" groups Mistral. IN late 1980s the singer performed with her own group called Veres, and in early 1990s performed on stage with The Clarks. IN 1992 Mariska Veres became the lead singer of a jazz group Shocking Jazz Quintet and released one CD with it. IN 1993 she assembled a new line-up Shocking Blue, with whom she recorded a single "Body And Soul" (1994 ). IN 2003 Veres recorded an album with a gypsy ensemble Andrey Serban "Gypsy Heart".
She was not married and had no children. She died of cancer December 2, 2006 at the age of 59 years.
WITH the Negalese singer and drummer is one of the most famous singers on the African continent, who achieved world fame after writing and performing the composition "7 Seconds" in duet with Nene Cherry V 1994 was born October 1, 1959.
Early 2012 the singer announced that he intends to run for the presidency of Senegal. The country's Supreme Court prohibited him from doing this.
P After the election victory of the opposition candidate Macky Salle, he was appointed Minister of Culture of Senegal.
October 1, 1962 born - Russian drummer.
AND known for his work with such performers as "Arsenal", "Alliance", Nautilus Pompilius, "A-Studio", "Zemfira", and many others.
P professional music career Igor started with 1988. Became a member of the group "Arsenal" by Alexey Kozlov, where I wanted to go since childhood, but stayed there for only a year. Then he played in a band Igor Granov. IN 1989 was invited to the group "Nautilus pompilius", from where he moved to Igor Talkov to the group "Lifebuoy".
In 1992, Igor Javad-Zadeh played in a band "Alliance". Later the entire composition moved to Inna Zhelannaya. Collaborated with. Four years Igor played in "A-Studio". WITH 2000 – y Zemfira. IN 2006 became a member of the Kazakh group "Ulytau" playing ethno-rock.
At Igor Javad-Zadeh's I have two own projects: Plastillinne And Drum Dreams.
October 1, 1969 born - jazz saxophonist from Israel. The first team in which he played was the Tel Aviv team DXM. Moved to the USA 1991
.
P after graduating from college 1996 Kaplan created a group with Tom Abbs And Jeff Mann, called Trio Plus. The trio became a quartet in 1997 when he joined them Steve Swell. Kaplan joined a rock band Firewater V 1998 and toured the US and Europe. He also created Ori Kaplan Percussion Ensemble With Susie Ibarra, Jeff Mann And Andrew Bimkey.
Joined the group Gogol Bordello and toured with them in 2001-2004. IN 2004 formed Balkan Beat Box With Tamir Muscat.
was born October 1, 1972. Director, writer, singer and TV presenter before starting a musical career in the group Butch worked as a political commentator for the Vremya program on Channel One television.
In the 2000s Pogrebizhskaya left journalism and took up music professionally, creating Butch. 4 albums released, the last one "Credo" saw the light in October 2007 already with an updated group name - . IN 2005 Elena published the book “An Artist’s Diary,” which was a bestseller for 3 weeks. IN 2007 Her book “Confession of Four” and the documentary “Still I Will Rise” were published.
IN 2007 the next film was released on the Ren-TV channel Elena Pogrebizhskaya"Blood Seller" IN 2008 with this movie Elena became the laureate of the country's main television award "Tefi". For the second time she won the “Tafi” in the category “Best Television Documentary” for the film “Doctor Lisa”.
WITH now Elena working on new films and albums. IN 2010 She created the television company “Creative Workshop of Elena Pogrebizhskaya”.
Significant events in the world of music – REMEMBRANCE DAYS
June 30, 1846 was born Riccardo(Richard) Drigo- Italian and Russian composer, conductor. From childhood he performed in his hometown as a pianist, and in adolescence he began composing romances and waltzes. Graduated from the Conservatory of Venice in 1864, student of the famous composer Antonio Buzzola(who in turn studied with Gaetano Donizetti). He worked as a tutor at the Garibaldi Theater in Padua, where he made his first conducting debut. IN 1868
The first opera was staged here Drigo – "Don Pedro of Portugal". In the next 10 years Drigo managed to gain success on the best theater stages in Italy, in particular, to conduct several premieres of operas Wagner at the La Scala theater. IN 1878 Baron Karl Karlovich Kister invited Drigo in Saint-Petersburg.
Since 1879 Riccardo Drigo was conductor of the Italian Opera in St. Petersburg, then conductor and composer of the Mariinsky Theater ballet orchestra. Under the direction of Drigo, in collaboration with choreographers M. I. Petipa and L. I. Ivanov, the first ballets were staged in St. Petersburg "Sleeping Beauty" (1890 ), "Nutcracker" (1892 ) And ( 1895 ), as well as ballet A. K. Glazunov “Raymonda” (1898 ). In the summer he toured Europe. He is the author of many ballets, including "Mascot" (1889 ), "Harlequinade" ("Harlequin's Millions", 1900 ), as well as several operas.
In 1919 Drigo returned to Padua, where he composed and conducted productions at the Garibaldi Theater until the end of his life. IN 1878 Drigo arrived in Russia. He worked at the Mariinsky Theater for 30 years. IN 1920 returned to Italy, where he died October 1, 1930.
R Russian singer (mezzo-soprano), performer of Russian folk songs and romances (née Vinnikova) was born September 29, 1879. A passion for singing led Dezhka (as her family called her) to the choir of the Holy Trinity Convent, where she lived for more than two years as a novice. The 16-year-old girl did not like monastic life.
Nadia got a job as a maid in a rich merchant family, and having moved to Kyiv, she became a chorus girl in chapel Alexandra Lipkina , where after some time she began to perform solo parts. An illiterate peasant girl who did not know notes had not only an amazing voice, but also an absolute ear for music and could easily cope with the most complex solo parts, and soon Hope became a professional singer. Later Nadia entered into ballet troupe Stein , where she met a former soloist of the Warsaw Theater ballet Edmund Plevitsky whom she married.
IN over the next five years, the young artist sang in the popular "chorus of bast shoes" Minkevich
, and then in the Moscow restaurant “Yar”, where she gained great fame as a soloist - a performer of Russian folk songs. 
With the assistance Leonida Sobinov performed in the Great Hall of the Conservatory, was friendly with Chaliapin and many actors of the Art Theater. She performed at the Court more than once. Empress Alexandra Feodorovna, at one of these receptions, presented Plevitskaya brooch with diamonds in the shape of a beetle. The most famous admirer Nadezhda Plevitskaya was Nicholas II.
Summer 1915 And 1916 at the estate Plevitskaya made two films “The Cry of Life” and “The Power of Darkness”, with Plevitskaya starring. IN 1918 both paintings were remounted into one called “Agafya”.
P after the revolution - in exile (Germany and France), where she enjoyed success. IN 1930 began collaborating with Soviet intelligence. IN 1937 was arrested and sentenced by a French court to 20 years of hard labor for complicity in the kidnapping of the head of the EMRO, white general Yevgeny Miller, from Paris.
P the French resident refused to pardon her. died in the women's prison in Rennes October 1, 1940(by this time France was occupied by the Third Reich).
– Soviet, Ukrainian and Russian opera singer (baritone) born 
December 13, 1900. IN 1921-1924's studied at the Kiev Cooperative Institute and at the same time studied singing.
In 1925 was invited to the opera studio of the Kyiv Conservatory. Over the course of a year of hard work, he managed to prepare the roles of Prince Igor, Demon, Yeletsky, Rigoletto, and Germont. The graduation work was the part of Onegin.
In 1926 The singer was simultaneously invited by the Tbilisi and Baku Opera Houses. worked at the Baku, Odessa and Sverdlovsk opera and ballet theaters. WITH 1934- soloist of the Ukrainian Opera and Ballet Theater, and with 1950 By 1956 - soloist of the Bolshoi Theater.
Z the famous American classical composer was born February 12, 1898. The father accidentally discovered his son's musical abilities and took him a music teacher, who gave him Roy first piano lessons. On his own initiative, the capable child learned to play the clarinet and became a member of the school orchestra.
P After serving in the army, he tried many professions, but his dream did not leave him - to write music. He collected some money and went to Los Angeles to get a music education. Years of study showed passionate love Harris to music and his exceptional and rare ability to work. After just three years of study, he began teaching at one of the Hollywood music schools. At the same time, he actively began composing music. He wrote quickly, barely having time to transfer his compositions to paper.
P first major work Harris became "Andante" for symphony orchestra. in spring 1926 first performance took place 
at Rochurst. The premiere was a success and soon the composition was performed in New York and then at the Hollywood Bowl concert venue.
M The young composer's music received universal recognition. This allowed him to receive financial assistance from the Arts Encouragement Fund in order to continue his musical education in Paris.
IN returning home to America after studying, Harris I devoted most of my time to composing music. He received true recognition in his homeland after its premiere "Symphonies 1933", performed by the Boston Symphony Orchestra under S. A. Koussevitzky. The composer's overture on the theme of an American folk song was especially popular in America at that time. "When Johnny Comes Home". It brought international fame to the composer "Third Symphony", written in 1937. She was considered the best example of American national music.
- English composer, arranger and conductor - born August 4, 1937. He is known not so much for his own works as for his fruitful collaboration with other performers (primarily with Michael Oldfield).
N despite a purely academic education, Bedford showed interest in rock and roll and was known as a great admirer The Who. Rock changed his life. Autumn 1969 on the recommendation of some mutual friend, ex-bassist Soft Machine Kevin Ayers invited Bedford arrange your first solo album "Joy Of A Toy". When in March next year Ayers decided to collect The Whole World, Bedford became its first volunteer. Although the group existed for a little over a year and recorded only two discs, for David Bedford she opened the doors to a new world. Subsequently, as before, he worked with Ayers, after 1971 collaborated productively with Roy Harper. Besides David occasionally performed in jazz clubs solo or in a duet with a saxophonist Lolo Coxhill. His formal recording debut was the release of 1970 plate "Music For Albion Moonlight"(he played the piano on one side - the other was occupied by compositions Elizabeth Lutyens).
In the second half of the 1970s Bedford released several more albums, but his activity in this area decreased significantly.
May 22, 1924 born (Shahnur Vakhinak Aznavuryan) is an outstanding French chansonnier and actor of Armenian origin. Being one of the most popular performers in France, he is also well known far beyond its borders. WITH May 5, 2009 the singer was Armenia's ambassador to Switzerland and the country's permanent representative at the UN headquarters. According to a joint survey by TIME magazine and CNN ( 1998
), Aznavour recognized as the best pop performer of the 20th century.
Born into a family of Armenian emigrants who left for France in 1922. Studied at a children's artistic school. From the age of 9 he sang and played on stage, already in 1936 made his film debut. Initially Aznavour performed in a duet with the composer Pierre Roche. I noticed both of them, and 1946 Aznavour And Roche participated in her tour of France and the USA. From that time on, his professional career began Aznavour like a chansonnier. However, a decisive breakthrough to the musical Olympus occurred in 1956 after successful concerts in Casablanca and Paris, where he performed three times a day for a long time in the famous Olympia Hall.
In the early 1960s, Aznavour gave concerts in New York's Carnegie Hall and Ambassador Hotel, and later at the company 
Reprise Records released its first American album. Songs Aznavour also perform Ray Charles, Bob Dylan, and others. Aznavour performed in a duet with Frank Sinatra, Placido Domingo, Liza Minnelli, E. Segara and etc.
– author of music for operettas Monsieur Carnaval (1965 ), "Douchka" (1973 ) And "Lotrek" (2004 ). IN 2006 82 year old Aznavour went to Cuba, where, together with Chucho Valdez wrote an album "Color Ma Vie", which was published February 19, 2007. The world premiere of new songs took place in Moscow, where April 20, 2007 Aznavour gave the only concert.
Aznavour created approximately 1,000 songs, played in 60 films and sold more than 100 million records. Among the world famous songs Aznavour "Bohemia", "Mother", "Eternal love", "Unfashionable Joys", "Youth", "Yesterday", "Isabel" and etc.
Significant events in the world of music - SIGNIFICANT DATES
Kiev Opera and Ballet Theater named after T. G. Shevchenko– the oldest musical theater in Ukraine – opened in 1867 and up to 1919
called "Russian Opera". The theater is traditionally distinguished by its high level of vocal art and the presence of good singing voices. Over the years they sang here A. V. Nezhdanova, L. V. Sobinov, F. I. Shalyapin, B. A. Rudenko, A. V. Solovyanenko. The permanent opera troupe became, along with the theaters in Moscow and St. Petersburg, one of the best in the Russian Empire.
P first season Kyiv Opera and Ballet Theater was opened by the opera Verstovsky "Askold's grave". Soon they installed "Ivan Susanin" And "Ruslan and Ludmila", to opera premieres "Oprichnik" (1874 ), (1889 ) And ( 1890 ) came to 1893 at the opera premiere "Aleko" was present S. V. Rachmaninov, and in 1895 Rimsky-Korsakov came to the premiere "Snow Maidens".
In February 1896 after the morning show "Eugene Onegin" There was a fire that completely destroyed the City Theater. Construction of the new building began in 1898
. The opera house hall included a stall, an amphitheater, a mezzanine and four tiers, which accommodated about 1,650 spectators. The façade was decorated with busts M. Glinka, A. Serova, Shevchenko, donated to Kyiv by the artists of the St. Petersburg Mariinsky Theater. 
TO In addition to operas by Russian composers, the theater also staged operas G. Puccini, R. Wagner, J. Massenet, as well as operas N. Lysenko “May Night” (1903 ) And "Nocturne" (1914 ).
In 1919 the theater was nationalized and named “State Opera Theater named after. K. Liebknecht", With 1926 – Kyiv State Academic Ukrainian Opera(the productions were in Ukrainian), and in 1934, with giving Kyiv the status of the capital, - Academic Opera and Ballet Theater of the Ukrainian SSR. IN 1939 the theater was assigned name Taras Shevchenko. Now this is ( National Academic Opera and Ballet Theater of Ukraine named after Taras Shevchenko).
IN creative plans of the largest musical theater in Ukraine - opera “The letter has disappeared”(music Miroslava Skorika), opera, revival of ballets "Sacred spring" And "Pictures at an Exhibition", ballet performance "Anna Karenina", operas "Don Carlos". Ukrainian composer Evgeniy Stankovych is working on a large-scale production based on Gogol’s story “Terrible Revenge.” Among the projects is one of the versions "Ladies with Camellias" and ballet performance "Tatiana" based on Pushkin's plot.
October 1, 1922 The first jazz concert took place in Moscow Valentina Parnakha on the stage of the Central College of Theater Arts (later GITIS) in Maly Kislovsky Lane. Tickets cost from one and a half to ten million rubles.
T urn "Tina: Live in Concert Tour" started in Kansas City October 1, 2008 and was recognized as one of the most successful in North America.
Updated: April 13, 2019 by: Elena
1799 - during Suvorov’s Swiss campaign, in a battle near the village of Nefels, the vanguard of Russian troops (6 thousand people) under the command of General Peter Bagration defeated a 5 thousand-strong French detachment.
1919 - Dmitry Ilyich Kozlov was born. Twice Hero of Socialist Labor (1961, 1979), laureate of the Lenin (1957) and State Prizes of the USSR (1976, 1983), State Prize of the Russian Federation. Scientist and designer in the field of rocket technology. Died March 7, 2009.
1944 - The Moscow Suvorov Military School opened.
1654 - during the Russian-Polish War of 1654–1667, Russian troops under the command of Prince Yakov Cherkassy forced the Polish garrison of Smolensk to capitulate.
Day of the Russian Space Forces.
Day of Civil Defense Troops of the Ministry of Emergency Situations of the Russian Federation.
1894 – Sergei Gavrilovich Simonov was born. Hero of Socialist Labor (1954), winner of two Stalin Prizes (1942, 1949). Designer of small arms (in particular, he created the SKS self-loading carbine). Died May 6, 1986.
1904 - During the Russo-Japanese War (1904–1905), the battle began on the Shahe River. An attempt by the 200,000-strong Russian army under the command of General Alexei Kuropatkin to provide assistance to the besieged Port Arthur ended in failure. After a series of stubborn oncoming battles, Russian and Japanese (170 thousand people) troops switched to positional defense.
1944 - Soviet troops during the Great Patriotic War began the Memel offensive operation and on October 10 reached the Baltic Sea, cutting off the German group in the Baltic states from East Prussia. The operation was completed on October 22.
1934 - test pilot Konstantin Popov took into the air a prototype of the first domestic high-speed bomber SB (6,656 aircraft of this type were built in 1936–1941).
1944 - During the Great Patriotic War, Soviet troops launched the Petsamo-Kirkines offensive operation. Ended on October 27. Units of the Red Army and sailors of the Northern Fleet liberated the city of Petsamo (Pechenga) and the northern regions of Norway from the Nazis.
1959 – an American RB-57D reconnaissance aircraft was shot down over Chinese territory (near Beijing) with the help of a Soviet S-75 anti-aircraft missile system. The first successful combat use of a domestic air defense system.
1794 - Russian troops (14 thousand people) under the command of General Ivan Fersen defeated a detachment of Polish rebels (7 thousand people) led by Tadeusz Kosciuszko (he was wounded and captured) in a battle near Maciejowice.
1914 – the first Russian dreadnought battleship Sevastopol entered service.
1899 - The Anglo-Boer War began between the British Empire, on the one hand, and the South African Republic and the Orange Free State, on the other. Ended in 1902 with the victory of Great Britain.
1929 - units of the Special Red Banner Far Eastern Army under the command of Vasily Blucher began military operations against Chinese troops who had seized the Chinese Eastern Railway (CER), which belonged to the USSR. The fighting continued intermittently until December, when the Chinese side was forced to sign an agreement to restore the previous legal regime of the CER.
1944 - During the Great Patriotic War, Soviet troops cleared the capital of Latvia, Riga, from the Nazis.
1964 – the first test of a nuclear weapon (yield up to 20 kilotons) was carried out in China.
1849 - Nikolai Petrovich Mikhnevich was born. General of Infantry (1910), prominent Russian military theorist and historian. In 1911–1917 he was the chief of the General Staff. Died February 8, 1927.
1929 – Mikhail Petrovich Simonov was born. Hero of the Russian Federation (1999), laureate of Lenin and several State Prizes. Aircraft designer, participated in the creation, led the development of a number of Su brand combat aircraft (including Su-24, Su-25, Su-27).
Day of the Signal Corps of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation.
1919 – The Revolutionary Military Council of the Republic issued order No. 1736/362 on the creation of the Communications Directorate and the introduction of the post of chief of communications of the Red Army.
1944 - Soviet troops, together with units of the People's Liberation Army of Yugoslavia, liberated the Yugoslav capital Belgrade from the Nazi occupiers.
1949 - Nikolai Nikolaevich Bordyuzha was born. Secretary General of the Collective Security Treaty Organization (since 2003), Colonel General.
1959 – the first launch of the P-35 naval cruise missile, created at OKB-52 under the leadership of designer Vladimir Chelomey, took place.
Day of formations and special forces units of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation.
1924 – Viktor Petrovich Makeev was born. Twice Hero of Socialist Labor (1961, 1974), laureate of the Lenin and State Prizes, academician of the USSR Academy of Sciences. General designer of missile systems for submarines. Died October 25, 1985.
1904 - Nikolai Leonidovich Dukhov was born. Three times Hero of Socialist Labor (1945, 1949, 1954), laureate of five Stalin Prizes, Lenin Prize. Designer of heavy tanks, chief designer of naval nuclear weapons. Died May 1, 1964.
1699 - the so-called “Kozhukhovsky campaign” ended - maneuvers of Russian troops organized by Tsar Peter I, which showed the advantage of the “new system” regiments over the Streltsy regiments.
1974 - the order “For Service to the Motherland in the Armed Forces of the USSR” of three degrees and the medal “For Distinction in Military Service” of two degrees were established.
1904 - Alexander Alexandrovich Morozov was born. Twice Hero of Socialist Labor (1942, 1974), laureate of three Stalin Prizes, Lenin Prize. Designer of armored vehicles. Died June 14, 1979.
1944 - During the Great Patriotic War, Soviet troops launched the Budapest offensive operation. It ended on February 13, 1945 with the liquidation of a 180,000-strong enemy group surrounded in the Hungarian capital Budapest.
Birthday of the Russian Navy.
1939 – Mikhail Petrovich Kolesnikov was born. Army General (1995). In 1992–1996 – Chief of the General Staff of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation. Died March 26, 2007.
1661 - The first yacht races took place in England: King Charles II and his brother James competed. Naturally, the king won.
1674 - François de Montmorency-Laval became the first Canadian Catholic bishop.
1764 - Military rule in Canada is replaced by civil laws.
1777 - Treaty of San Ildefonso between Spain and Portugal to settle territorial disputes in the area of the La Plata River, while the Treaty of Tordesillas became invalid.
1795 - Belgium is annexed by France.
1800 - conclusion of the treaty between France and Spain in Saint-Ildefonso. Return to France of Louisiana, which was ceded by the French to Spain in 1762. The Spanish King Charles IV only managed to get Napoleon Bonaparte to verbally agree never to transfer this territory to a third party.
1830 - A. S. Pushkin in Boldin completed work on the original eighth chapter of “Eugene Onegin” (“Onegin’s Travels”).
1847 - Ernst Werner Siemens, his brothers and Johann Georg Halske found Telegraphenbauanstalt Siemens & Halske, now known as Siemens AG. The company's activities are associated with such innovations as a switch telegraph, a dynamo, transatlantic telegraph communication, a tram, a trolleybus, an electric locomotive, a hearing aid, an implantable pacemaker, a digital telephone exchange and many others.
1853 - Jews are prohibited from being land owners in Austria.
1869 - the first postcards are issued in Vienna.
1871 - American Mormon leader B. Young (Brigham Young) was arrested on charges of cohabitation with 16 wives.
1880 - Brazzaville, the capital of the French colony of the Congo, is founded.
1890 - Yosemite National Park with an area of 304 thousand hectares, in which thousand-year-old sequoias grow, was founded in the Sierra Nevada mountains in the valley of the Yosemite Creek River.
1891 - Bordeaux football club was created in France.
1895 - France took possession of Madagascar.
1904 - working train traffic began on the Circum-Baikal Railway.
1908 - Henry Ford introduced a new model of his car, the Ford Lizzie (Model T), which, due to its low price ($850), durability and efficiency, became the most popular car of the first quarter of the century. By 1927, 15 million cars of this brand were produced.
1911 - the foundation of a military uniform workshop was laid in Moscow, now JSC Vympel Association.
1924 - The Satire Theater opened in Moscow.
1926 - Kiev Opera and Ballet Theater opened.
1928 - NSDAP Swabia was formed and Karl Wahl became its Gauleiter.
1929 - first flight on a rocket plane with powder rockets, F. Opel (Fritz von Opel) (Germany).
1930 - the Chudov Monastery, founded in 1365, was blown up by the Bolsheviks in the Moscow Kremlin.
1931 - Regular television broadcasts began in the USSR.
- At the Kharkov Tractor Plant named after. S. Ordzhonikidze's first tractor rolled off the assembly line.
- The reconstructed AMO automobile plant in Moscow was put into operation.
1933 - flight tests of the I-15 aircraft designed by N. N. Polikarpov began. The I-15 was adopted and put into production; at that time it was superior to the best foreign models.
1938 - Sergei Yutkevich’s film “Man with a Gun” was released.
1939 - an open letter from the Russian revolutionary and diplomat F. Raskolnikov condemning Stalin’s repressions was published in the emigrant “New Russia”.
1940 - Finland concluded an alliance treaty with Germany.
1943 - almost all the Jews of Denmark, numbering 7,000 people, were transported to neutral Sweden by the Danish anti-Nazi underground.
1947 - the first postal helicopter line opened. Los Angeles Airways operated the Sikorsky S-51.
1949 - The People's Republic of China is proclaimed.
1950 - first flight of the Il-14P aircraft, crew V.K. Kokkinaki.
1960 - The first “Zaporozhets” rolled off the assembly line, popularly nicknamed “humpbacked”.
1962 - Dutch New Guinea came under the control of the UN Provisional Executive Administration. Six months later, this territory was transferred to Indonesia.
1964 - The world's first high-speed line, the Tokaido Shinkansen, was put into operation in Japan.
1967 - Central Television of the USSR began broadcasting programs in color.
- The beginning of Pink Floyd's first tour in America.
1971 - The world's largest entertainment destination, Disney World, opened in Florida.
1979 - The Panama Canal Zone is transferred to the jurisdiction of Panama.
1983 - Swedish Post issued a stamp featuring the ABBA quartet.
1984 - in Kuanda (on the BAM highway) the laying of the last, “golden” link of the highway took place.
1985 - Operation "Wooden Leg".
1988 - The USSR national football team became the Olympic champion, defeating the Brazilians 2:1.
- The People's Front of Estonia was created.
1990 - the law “On Freedom of Conscience and Religious Organizations” was adopted in the USSR.
1992 - A new currency was introduced in Lithuania - lit.
- Russia has begun issuing privatization certificates - vouchers.
1993 - registration in Russia was abolished.
1994 - Palau Islands (Oceania) became an independent state.
1996 - The UN Security Council lifted sanctions against Yugoslavia imposed in 1992.
1998 - Aviastar OJSC produced the first long-haul passenger aircraft Tu-204-120 with Rolls-Royce engines under a contract with Kato Aeromatik (Egypt).
