Where it is not possible to connect to centralized system water supply, use an ejector pump. The main purpose of such units is to raise water from wells of different depths, from wells and other recesses and create healthy competition for everyone already familiar borehole pumps that operate using the immersion method. Such powerful devices can lift water from a recess to a height of more than 8 meters from depths reaching 50 meters.
many owners land plots could face such a problem as a deep aquifer. But, as you know, you absolutely cannot do without water, so people find a solution to such a problem by installing an ejector pump on their site.
Unfortunately, surface equipment using pumps does not always bring positive results, and cannot always provide water. Sometimes water is completely absent, and sometimes it enters the system, but very slowly and without pressure. It is in such cases that it is best to use an ejector pumping station for water supply.
Varieties of ejector pumps and their application features
The injection pump can be represented by several varieties:
The principle of operation of the device
The injection pump has a fairly simple basic operation and many people try to create an injection pump with their own hands. In this case, before understanding the principle of operation, it is necessary to know what such an aggregate consists of:
- A nozzle through which liquid flows, accelerating and exiting the unit at a higher speed. It is the high speed of the water that makes it possible to avoid unnecessary high pressure to the surrounding planes.
- A mixing device where water from a nozzle enters. It is in the mixing device that the liquid is discharged throughout the entire volume.
- Suction chamber where water from the well enters.
- A diffuser that pushes all the liquid further along the existing pipeline.
By and large, the principle of operation of a water injection pump is the process of transferring kinetic energy from water at a high speed to an aqueous medium at a low speed.
Almost anywhere a private house or the cottage can be equipped with autonomous water supply from a well or well. As a rule, a pump is used to pump water. If the depth of the aquifer is less than 7 meters, then there will be no problems with the choice of the pump. You can choose any unit of suitable power and performance. However, such products will not be able to lift water from deeper hydraulic structures. To lift water from a great depth, it is necessary to use an ejector to pumping station.
To understand what is needed pumping ejector, imagine that with our own hands we will improve the usual submersible pump for lifting water from great depths. Certain restrictions for the operation of a conventional pumping station will be created by water pressure, atmospheric pressure and the strength of the structural parts of the pump. During the rework, a conventional submersible pump will become much heavier, its dimensions will increase. As a result, such a unit will become simply difficult to operate. In addition, the amount of electricity consumed will increase significantly.
To avoid such problems, it is necessary with the help of additional parts to facilitate the pumping of water to a considerable height. It is the ejector that pushes the water towards the surface and facilitates its rise. This is a fairly simple device that you can install yourself.
Principle of operation
To understand what an ejector is and to find out its principle of operation, it is necessary to study the purpose of the main components of the device. It consists of the following structural parts:
- A tube with a narrow end, called a nozzle. Water flowing through the nozzle acquires a large acceleration and exits this device at high speed. What is it for? The thing is that the flow of water at high speed does not exert so much pressure on the surrounding planes.
- mixing device. Water from the nozzle enters this device. Here, a significant discharge of the entire volume of liquid occurs.
- suction tank. Under the influence of vacuum in the mixer, water from the well begins to flow into the suction chamber. After that, the mixed fluid flow enters the next element - the diffuser.
- diffuser. From this part of the structure, the liquid moves further along the pipeline.
The ejector can be installed by hand. It is mounted in a pipeline laid from the well to the pumping device. The principle of operation of the unit is such that part of the liquid raised to the surface falls back into hydraulic structure to the ejector. Thus, a recirculation line is formed. In the course of such work, water escapes from the nozzle with a powerful speed and takes away part of the liquid from the well, creating additional vacuum in the pipes. Thanks to this principle of operation, pumping equipment spends much less power on lifting water from great depths.
To regulate the volume of liquid returning back to the system, a special valve is installed on the recirculation line. Thanks to him, you can regulate the efficiency of the entire system.
It is important to know: part of the water that is not used in the recycling system goes to the consumer. It is by these volumes that the productivity of pumping equipment is judged.
Advantages of ejector type pumps:
- there is no need to choose a unit with a powerful engine;
- the pumping part will not be so massive;
- this will ensure less electricity consumption and long-term operation of pumping equipment;
- thanks to the ejector, the start-up of all pumping equipment is facilitated, since it does not a large number of water creates a sufficient vacuum in the pipes.
Features and types of design
The ejector type pump is of two types:
- with an external location of the ejector;
- with an internal (built-in) location of the ejector.
The choice of one or another type of ejector layout is determined by the requirements that apply to pumping equipment. To suck air from different containers, another type of such units is used - an air ejector. It has a slightly different principle of operation. In our article, we will study devices for facilitating the pumping of water.
Internal ejector
Pumping equipment with a built-in ejector has a more compact size. In addition, the creation of fluid pressure and its intake for recirculation occurs inside the pumping equipment. This pump uses a more powerful motor that can recirculate the liquid.
The advantages of such a constructive solution:
- the unit is not sensitive to heavy impurities in the water (silt and sand);
- the water entering the equipment does not need to be filtered;
- the device is suitable for lifting water from a depth of not more than 8 m;
- such pumping equipment provides sufficient liquid pressure for domestic needs.
Among the shortcomings, it is worth noting the following:
- this pump makes a lot of noise during operation;
- for the installation of such a unit, it is better to choose a place away from home and build a special room.
External ejector
To perform an outdoor installation of an ejector near the pumping equipment, it is necessary to equip a tank into which it is worth drawing water. In this tank, a working pressure and the necessary vacuum will be created to facilitate the operation of pumping equipment. The ejector device itself is connected to that part of the pipeline that is immersed in the well. In this regard, there are restrictions on the diameter of the pipeline.
Advantages of a remote ejector:
- thanks to this design, it is possible to raise water from a considerable depth (up to 50 m);
- it is possible to reduce the noise from the operation of pumping equipment;
- such a design can be placed right in the basement of the house;
- without reducing the efficiency of the pumping station, the ejector can be placed at a distance of 20-40 m from the well;
- By having all the necessary equipment in one place, it is easier to carry out repair and commissioning, which contributes to a longer service life of the entire system.
Disadvantages of the external location of the ejector device:
- system performance is reduced by 30-35 percent;
- restrictions in the choice of pipeline diameter.
How to connect?
As a rule, the installation of pumping equipment with a built-in ejector is no different from the traditional installation of a conventional pump. To do this, it is enough to connect the inlet pipe of the pump to the pipeline coming from the well. A pressure line is also being equipped, a hydraulic accumulator and the necessary automation are being installed.
In systems with an external location of the ejector, the equipment is connected in the following sequence:
- To ensure recirculation, it is necessary to lay an additional pipeline from the inlet pipe of the ejector device to the pressure line of the pumping equipment.
- A branch pipe with a check valve is connected to the inlet of the ejector, on which a coarse filter is installed for pumping fluid from the hydraulic structure.
If required, a control valve is installed in the recirculation pipeline. Such an additional device is simply necessary for wells in which the water level is above the calculated liquid level for pumping equipment. Thanks to this valve, it is possible to reduce the pressure in the ejector and cause a rise in pressure in the water supply system. Some models are equipped with a built-in control valve.
Worth knowing: usually the method of adjustment and the location of the valve are specified in the instructions attached to the unit.
Homeowners and country houses quite often faced with a common problem - deep ground water. Conventional pumping equipment located on the surface is not always able to raise water to the surface, so ejector pumping stations must be used. These devices are much more efficient and allow you to get water from depths of no more than 50 meters, and then pump it for the needs of users.
To know everything technical specifications, as well as specific details correct use such equipment, you just need to carefully read this article, where there are answers to almost all questions that arise when installing similar equipment.
The ejector is a rather small in size, but very effective device that has simple design, so some users make it themselves. This is especially effective when the farm already has a pumping station with powerful pump various types. With an ejector, the equipment allows you to pump out without much effort clean water from a depth of 25 to 40 meters or more.
Using such additional equipment, each user saves cash that would have been spent on the purchase of expensive equipment. If you do not yet have a similar station, but only dug a well, then immediately purchase a product equipped with an ejector.
Principle of operation
The design of the ejector consists of the following elements:
- suction chamber;
- node where mixing takes place;
- diffuser;
- nozzle in the narrowest part.
The last detail is a branch pipe with a strongly narrowed end, due to this, the liquid receives additional acceleration and is released from the device at high speed.
According to Bernoulli's law, such a flow exerts a slight pressure on its environment, then it enters the mixer, where a significant vacuum is created, due to which additional volumes of water begin to flow from the suction chamber. Having united into a single stream, the liquid through the diffuser enters further into the pipeline.
In a similar design, the kinetic energy of a flow moving at a high speed is transferred to media that have a much lower speed, while new volumes of fluid are captured and transferred from the well through the pipeline to the distribution point of the water flow throughout the area. The pumping station with a remote ejector is equipped with two pipes: for injection and recirculation.
A similar design will allow the user to use less energy, and to control the volume of return flows, it is necessary to install a valve in the recirculation line, which will allow you to adjust the efficiency of the entire system to desired level. Excess water is supplied to the consumer for his needs, the amount of incoming moisture per unit time determines the performance of the entire system.
By using less electric motor power for the pump, the user saves energy. In addition, the ejector greatly facilitates the initial start-up of the entire system, because with a very small amount of water, it creates the necessary vacuum in the pipeline and performs the first water intake, eliminating idle operation of all equipment.
Varieties
Pumping stations equipped with such original devices are available in two types:
- The ejector is inside the structure. The whole structure has a very compact size, the vacuum is created by artificial means, the recirculation line is inside the product. For effective work required Electrical engine high power for the pump to run on high speed, creating the desired suction power.
Advantages of this design:
- the product is less sensitive to foreign impurities that may be in the water;
- at the same time, the liquid supplied for the needs of the user does not need to be additionally filtered;
- the station provides the required amount of pressure for all household needs of the consumer - you can water the site and use the water inside the house at the same time.
Negative qualities:
- during operation, the equipment creates noise;
- for installation, it is necessary to equip a place with sound insulation or move the station further from the house.
The second option does not solve all the problems, because the neighbors will complain about the noise, so soundproofing is needed in this case, plus the cost of insulation - you need to equip a standard caisson.
- The ejector is located outside the station - for this, a separate container is installed nearby, where the vacuum necessary for the operation of the entire installation will be created. The ejector is connected to a pipeline leading to a deep well - there are restrictions on the diameter of the connection flange.
- the design provides raising water from a depth of up to 50 meters;
- the sound effect is significantly reduced;
- installation of equipment is located in the basement of the building;
- distance from the well can be up to 40 m;
- the entire structure is located in one place, so it is much more convenient to carry out preventive maintenance and repair, such conditions increase the designated service life of all parts.
- performance decreases;
- there are small restrictions on the choice of diameter for a common pipeline.
Connection
In the case of a built-in ejector, the installation of equipment is not difficult: it is enough to connect the pipeline from the well to the suction inlet, check the hydraulic accumulator and the operation of the automation, which is entrusted with autonomous control of the entire system.
When the ejector outside the station are added additional steps mounting:
- we lay the recirculation line from the pressure station, and connect the main pipe from the ejector to the suction pipe of the pump;
- be sure to connect to the suction of the ejector check valve, so that the liquid does not pour out by gravity when the pump stops, as well as a filter element so that only clean water flows further.
As mentioned earlier, a valve can be inserted into the recirculation line for adjustment, and some designs already have such a device, its placement and adjustment methods are indicated in the operating instructions.
Rating of the best models
- Ejector type: submersible
- Suction depth: 30 m
- Max head: 50 m
- Productivity: 1752 l/h
- Motor power: 770W
- Design:
- hydraulic tank volume - 20 l
- exit hole diameter - 1¼ inch (31.8 mm)
- water temperature - up to 40 °C
- dry run protection
- Weight: 17.2 kg
- Design/Manufacturer: Russia/China
- great purchase for suburban area or country house
- works for 5 plus, normal cost
- plastic thread at the connection point
The model was developed by domestic engineers, but is produced at the factories of the PRC, and therefore there are some flaws: plastic threads on the joints will not last long - you need to change it right away, and these are additional costs.
- Ejector type: cast iron with anti-corrosion coating
- Water depth: 27 m
- Maximum head: 47 m
- Suction rate: 3,600 l/h
- Power consumption: 860 W
- Design:
- hydraulic tank volume - 18 l
- exit diameter - 25.4 mm (1 inch)
- Dimensions / Weight: 327x588x416 mm / 20 kg
- Country of manufacture: Denmark
- compact size, quiet operation
- well-known company makes high-quality equipment
- not found
This model is designed for private buildings in order to normalize the pressure inside home plumbing with frequent drops, it copes well with pumping water from deep wells.
SPERONI APM 150/25
- Ejector type: submersible
- Suction depth: 40 m
- Max Head: 49m
- Productivity: 1 500 l/h
- Motor power: 1.5 kW
- Design:
- hydraulic tank volume - 25 l
- centrifugal pump
- protection against overheating and dry running
- automatic water level control
- Weight: 27 kg
- Country of manufacture: Speroni APM, Italy
- high-quality assembly, quiet, but very productive work
- pumps water from deep wells without tension
- not found
The model is made of high quality materials, there is an automatic protection of the engine against overloads and operation without water, it is used in household and production systems water supply.
Almost everyone who has ever been directly involved in organizing the arrangement of an autonomously independent water supply periodically encountered problems regarding the insufficient level of water supplied by the suction pump.
In the subject of physics, we definitely know and understand that such a factor as pressure is capable of supplying liquid from a maximum depth of nine meters, but in fact such an indicator is much less, which in reality is about seven, and sometimes five meters of full supply.
The station, which is able to increase the pressure of the water flow, will solve the issue. Specialized equipment designed for such purposes is produced by modern industry, which is part of pumping stations.
Ejector for pumping station
From the article presented to your attention, you will learn in detail about the principles of operation of such specialized equipment as a station with an ejector, as well as all the nuances and aspects regarding their application. Additionally, methods for the possible manufacture of such equipment by independent forces with appropriate instructions and recommendations will be considered, thanks to which you can achieve this goal.
Water supply station with ejector
Device. Operating principle
An ejector is essentially a device that transfers energy from one medium that is more mobile to another that is less mobile. In the narrowing sections of the unit, a special zone of lower pressure is formed, which thus provokes the suction of an additional medium. Thus, there is a possibility of movement and removal from the suction points, due to the interaction of the original environment.
Units equipped with an internal format ejector are intended directly for specialized pumping of liquids from a relatively shallow type of wells, the depth of which does not exceed eight meters, as well as various specialized storage tanks or reservoirs.
Directly distinctive feature such an interaction is precisely to capture the liquid that is located at a lower level from the nozzle. Based on this, a preliminary filling of the unit with water will be required. The working wheel will pump the liquid, which will redirect it to the ejector, as a result of which an ejecting jet will be formed.
It will move along a specialized tube and accelerate. Naturally, the pressure will decrease. Due to this effect, it will also decrease inside the suction chamber.
One of the varieties of such surface units is a pumping station with an ejector. They differ in that the external element is immersed in a water supply source. As a rule, the scope of such devices is similar to their counterparts. A definite difference lies in the different depths of use and application.
Pumping station with remote ejector
Manufacturing
A fairly simple device-unit is quite possible to manufacture by independent forces. Which will require some details, such as a tee of a specialized diameter and a fitting that will be located inside it. Should be respected correct ratio length, which should not be more or less, which will not allow such a device to function normally. For fastening, you will need a special adapter equipped with corners, which will allow you to form the desired turn.
The creation process provides for several specific points, which includes the process of preparing the required fitting itself. Part of a special 6-sided sample should be turned, which will make it possible to place a special cone from it, having a base smaller than the external thread in diameter. After that, the deformed part should be corrected with a specialized thread-cutting tool.
The fitting must be screwed into the tee piece until it stops. Be extremely careful when connecting the length ratio, which is sufficient an important factor. Be sure to seal the connection with any available sealant.
Check the ratio of manufactured parts, and then a specialized adapter should be organized from pre-prepared samples, which is designed to be equipped on a pipe.
A well-assembled station will provide a fairly long and trouble-free operation, thanks to its simple constructiveness, but, of course, you must be extremely precise in manufacturing. If you don’t really want to engage in such manufacturing, then you can simply purchase it in specialized stores, where there is always a pumping station for free sale.
Stations with a built-in ejector - how to use
The station is used to increase the pressure, which will also eliminate the possibility of premature failure of the unit that provides the supply, since idle move. The presence of such an element in the system will exclude it, which is why it is recommended for mandatory integration into the system, regardless of the possible depth of the source.
Timely equipping the station with an ejector will save you from additional costs and possible nervousness when possible exit failure of more expensive system equipment, which it will simply prevent, providing full and uninterrupted functionality for a long time.
Almost anywhere you can connect to your home autonomous water supply. However, the main problem is the depth of groundwater. If the water in the prepared well is at the level of 5-7 meters, then no special problems can be expected, because then you can use almost any type of pump that is suitable in terms of power and performance. If the water is much deeper, then an ejector for pumping stations comes to the rescue.
Ejector for pumping stations
What is an ejector for?
To raise water from great depths, a submersible pump is required or an increase in the mass and dimensions of the equipment, which makes it inefficient and consumes a large amount of electricity. To prevent such problems, you need to resort to the help of an additional device that can push the water to the surface, making it easier to lift it. For this, an ejector is used.
Operating principle
By design, this is a simple device. It consists of the main components, which are:
- Nozzle,
- Mixer,
- suction chamber,
- Diffuser.
The nozzle is tube tapering towards the end. The fluid coming out of the nozzle accelerates rapidly and escapes from it at high speed. Bernoulli derived a formula according to which the flow of a liquid at high speed does not high pressure on environment. From the nozzle, water passes into the mixer, creating a considerable vacuum along its boundaries.
In fact, the ejector works in this way, when the kinetic energy is transferred from the medium with more speed to a slower medium. How does it interact with the pumping station?
The pipeline going from the well to the pump includes an ejector. The water that rises to the surface goes back to the well to the ejector, which forms recirculation line. It is pushed out of the nozzle with great speed, taking with it a new portion of fluid from the well, which provides additional vacuum in the pipeline. As a result, the pump for lifting liquid from a great depth consumes less energy.
A valve is installed on the recirculation line, which helps to regulate the volume of liquid flowing back into the intake system, which adjusts the efficiency of the entire system.
Excess water, which remained unused in recycling, is delivered to the consumer, this determines the productivity of the entire station. Therefore, it is possible to use an engine with lower power ratings and a less massive pumping part, thereby increasing its service life, as well as reducing energy consumption.
Thanks to the ejector easier system startup. A small volume of liquid creates a vacuum in the pipeline and initiates its initial intake to prevent the pump from running idle for a long time.
The pumping station is equipped with an ejector in two ways. It is internal when its design implies its presence. The second method relies on a single external node. A pumping station with one or another layout method is selected taking into account the requirements.
Built-in ejector
This type allows you to take water for recirculation and create pressure in the ejector through the pump itself. This design looks not so massive.
The pump with built-in ejector is almost insensitive to sand and silt additives. Water filtration is optional.
This equipment is needed to ensure the scooping of water from depths up to 8 meters. It creates sufficient water pressure for watering a large farm. Among the disadvantages of the ejector built into the pumping station is the increased noise level during operation. Therefore, it is better to install it in a separate utility room.
In order to provide a recirculation system, a high power electric motor is properly selected. This is suitable for well situations with a depth of up to 10 meters. If the depth is greater, then pumping stations with an ejector have no alternatives except submersible device. But in order to set up its work, you need to equip a well with a large diameter.
If the pumping station device does not include an ejector, then need extra tank for water to enter. The required pressure and additional vacuum appear in it to relieve some of the load on the pump. The ejector is connected to the submerged part of the pipeline. In order for it to start working, two pipes are laid into the well, which causes some requirements for the allowable diameter.
Pumping stations with a remote ejector reduce the efficiency of the system to 30-35%, but they allow you to extract water from deep sources up to 50 meters. A plus is the muffled noise level of the operating pumping station. Thanks to this, it can be installed directly in the house. Without reducing the effective operation, the distance from the well can be up to 20-40 meters. These characteristics are decisive in choosing a pumping station with an external device. The equipment is located in one prepared place at home, due to which its service life becomes longer, as well as the implementation of preventive maintenance and system settings.
Connection
Installation pumping system with an internal ejector is almost no different from installing a non-injector pump. It is necessary to connect the pipeline from the source to the suction inlet of the device, and also equip the pressure line with necessary equipment, in particular, a hydraulic accumulator and automation, which will control the operation of the entire system.
For pumping stations with an internal ejector fixed separately, as well as for devices where an external ejector is added two additional steps:
- An additional pipe for recirculation is required, it is pulled from the pressure line of the pump to the ejector. From it the main pipe is connected to the suction pump.
- Having a check valve and a coarse filter, a branch pipe for raising water from a source is connected to the ejector suction.
If required, a valve is installed in the recirculation line for adjustment. This is beneficial if the water level in the well is significantly higher than the pumping station is designed for. The pressure of water in the ejector can be reduced, due to which its supply in the water supply system will increase. Some Models equipped with built-in valve for this setting. The instructions for the equipment indicate its placement and adjustment.
Making an ejector with your own hands
To make the device yourself, you will need the following parts:
- The tee will act as the basis for the device.
- The fitting will become a high pressure flow conduit.
- With the help of couplings and bends, the ejector will be assembled and connected to the system.
The above parts for assembling the device with your own hands assembled in a certain order:
Threaded connections are installed on polymer sealant. If polyethylene moldings act instead of pipes, then crimp elements are used as collet fittings for metal-plastic, which are designed for reverse shrinkage of polyethylene. XLPE pipes can be bent in any direction, which saves on corners.
After assembling the ejector, it is required to connect it to the pumping station for the house. If the device is connected outside the well, then the pumping station with an internal device, if the ejector goes down into the mine under water, then the equipment with an external unit.
Then in the latter case, to the assembled device you need will connect three pipes:
First Trumpet should be completely hidden in the water, the other two come out of it to the surface.
An ejector is an indispensable device for creating a good water pressure, as well as for protecting the supply equipment from idle operation. You can buy it together with a pumping station or assemble it yourself. It will work effectively for a long time, providing uninterrupted water supply even from a deep source.
