Chrysanthemums are delicate and surprisingly unpretentious autumn flowers that decorate the garden and delight the eye right up to the snow. Caring for chrysanthemums is simple - planting, watering, fertilizing, but there are some points you need to know so that your flowers show their brightest colors.
There are more than 650 varieties of chrysanthemums, which are divided into 13 groups according to the type and shape of the inflorescence. But, despite such an abundance of varieties, caring for them differs little.
Let's start by choosing a landing site. Chrysanthemums love warmth and bright sun. This does not mean that they will not bloom in partial shade, but the flowering will not be as lush and bright. In addition, these flowers are very sensitive to photoperiodism, that is, the alternation of dark night and light day is very important for them. Therefore, you should not plant them next to garden lanterns. The rhythm of the plant may be disrupted, and flowering may not occur.
The soil for chrysanthemums should be loose and moist, since the root system of these flowers is very branched, but is located close to the surface, and insufficient watering leads to the death of the roots, and hence the weakening of the plant. However, it’s not worth overfilling. The soil should be loosened carefully so as not to damage the roots.
Adult plants are fed throughout the season. For the first time in the spring, immediately after the appearance of the first leaves, nitrogen fertilizers are applied to increase the green mass and growth of stems, the second time - during the period of bud formation, they are fed with phosphorus-potassium fertilizers. You can add mullein from time to time if the soil is poor, but you shouldn’t get carried away. Amateur gardeners say that it is better to underfill manure than to overfill it. This is a good fertilizer and is ideal for chrysanthemums, but get the concentration wrong and the plant will die.
Chrysanthemum propagation
Chrysanthemum does not throw out seeds well, but it shares its root shoots well. Usually these shoots are divided in April-May, when there is no danger of frost. At the same time, the adult plant is transplanted to a new location. More three years It is not recommended to keep the chrysanthemum in one place, otherwise it will weaken and bloom worse.
Reproduction by shoots
Dig up a bush, shake off the soil, and you will see many young shoots on the roots.
Using pruning shears or scissors, separate them from the parent plant, dig a small trench, fertilize it with peat and rotted manure, and plant these shoots in a row directly in the ground or in peat cups.
At first, it is better to shade the sprouts with cloth or dark film. Don't forget about regularly moistening the soil. When the sprouts have taken root well, you need to pinch, leaving 4 leaves on the sprout.
This is necessary for the growth of side shoots. When side shoots grow back, you need to pinch them.
You should not pinch more than two times; you can overdo it, and the plant simply will not have time to throw out buds and bloom.
Large bouquet chrysanthemums are grown in one or three stems. At the same time, the side shoots are regularly plucked, leaving the straightest and strongest ones.
Ball chrysanthemum (multiflora) does not need pinching; nature itself and decades of work by breeders have already taken care of this. Reproduces ball chrysanthemum cuttings.
Propagation by cuttings
It happens that you were given a bouquet of incredibly beautiful chrysanthemums, and you want to plant exactly the same ones in your flower garden, but you don’t know the name of the variety. How can we be here? With chrysanthemums, everything is simple - wait until the flowers in the bouquet begin to fade, cut the stem into 10-12 cm cuttings, and place them in a jar of water.
To disinfect water, put activated carbon in a jar, 1 tablet of carbon per 0.5 liter of water. You can wait for the roots to appear in the jar or plant the cuttings in a peat mixture. To quickly form roots, you can use “Kornevin”. Although the chrysanthemum does not particularly need it, and under normal conditions the roots appear within two weeks.
Wintering
Chrysanthemums are frost-resistant plants, with the exception of greenhouse bouquet varieties, so if you have ordinary garden small-flowered chrysanthemums, there is no need to dig up the bushes for the winter. But still, they cannot be left as is; be sure to insulate the roots. After the last flower has faded, we cut off the stem with pruning shears, leaving stumps 10-15 centimeters above the ground, mulch the ground with peat and rotten leaves, and completely cover the plant with this mixture. The top can be covered with straw or spruce branches. Do not use film under any circumstances; the roots of the plant may simply rot and rot.
If you still decide to play it safe and not leave flowers in open ground, then take care of the place where you will store the bush in winter. This should be a dark room where the temperature will not exceed +4...+6 °C, with moderate humidity. Dig up a plant with a lump of earth, wrap the root with a damp cloth, place it in a box, and cover the top with the same cloth. Check on them regularly and make sure that the earthen ball does not dry out.
It can be very disappointing when you have been caring for a chrysanthemum all summer, waiting for autumn to enjoy its beauty, but cold autumn with night frosts breaks all hopes, and the buds remain unopened.
In this case, you need not to delay, but immediately dig up the bush, transplant it into a suitable pot and bring it into the house. Then the chrysanthemum blooms and throws out more and more flowers, and so on until the New Year.
But you need to stop in time and still give the plant a rest and gain strength for the next flowering. That is, cut off all the branches, cover it well and take it to an unheated room for “hibernation.”
To decorate the area, choose low, small-flowered chrysanthemums. Be sure to ask the seller what size the flowers you have chosen will grow to and what their flowering period is. It is better to use for flower garden decoration korean chrysanthemums. They begin to bloom in July, and with regular removal of faded flowers you can extend their flowering for up to 4 months.
What can you combine chrysanthemums with? Yes, with anything, they are unpretentious and will withstand any neighborhood. However, they are good on their own, and to emphasize this beauty, evergreen junipers, ornamental cabbage, or even simple lawn grass. No matter what you plant chrysanthemums with, they will not get lost and will not go unnoticed. After all, chrysanthemum is the queen among flowers.
Hello! Every year we have to spend a lot of effort planting spherical chrysanthemums on country flower beds. They say she can survive the winter? If so, then tell us more about this amazing flower, like the globular chrysanthemum - wintering in open ground, preparation, etc.
Chrysanthemum – favorite plant many summer residents. Because of her beauty, they are willing to spend a lot of time and effort. And, indeed, chrysanthemum can overwinter in open ground. Depending on the variety, they easily tolerate wintering not only in the south, but also in middle lane our country. Of course, in order for a plant like the globular chrysanthemum to winter in the open ground without consequences, you need to prepare accordingly.
Preparing for winter
With the arrival of autumn, chrysanthemum flowers fall and leaves wither. This means it’s time to make sure that your favorite flower easily survives the winter.
To do this, the bushes are pruned to a height of about 10-12 centimeters. It is advisable to use sharp pruning shears for this - the stems are quite delicate and easily damaged. A dull pruner will chew them rather than cut them.
In the southern regions of the country, where frosts do not occur, this is quite enough. If you are growing in the middle zone, you need to take care that the first frosts do not kill the stems and roots. To do this, the chrysanthemum is covered with spruce branches or a thick layer of sawdust. The first option is more convenient - you will not need to remove sawdust in the spring. But the second one is more accessible - not everyone has the opportunity to stock up on the required amount of spruce branches.
If the winters in the region are very frosty and with little snow, then the only way out is to transplant them into flowerpots and store them in a basement or cellar with subsequent planting.
Spring work
In the spring, as soon as the snow melts and it becomes warm enough, you should remove the spruce branches from the chrysanthemum or remove the sawdust. Excess moisture must go away so that young shoots are not affected by rot and mold. But if the nights are cold, the cuttings should be covered with rags in the evenings. 
In general, it is not advisable to grow one chrysanthemum bush for more than two years in a row - there are fewer flowers, and the bush itself disintegrates. Therefore, at the end of the second season, the bush should be divided into cuttings and planted. Then the flowerbed will delight you with its beauty for many years to come.
The video will tell you in detail about wintering chrysanthemums:
The spherical chrysanthemum was bred not so long ago, and in a short time it has gained great popularity. The spherical chrysanthemum is exceptionally decorative. The plant feels great in open ground.
Varieties and varieties of spherical chrysanthemum
Currently, spherical chrysanthemums are very popular. And the number of their varieties reaches almost four thousand hybrids various colors, including green and blue shades. Spherical chrysanthemums bloom from August until frost.
Planting spherical chrysanthemum
A place for a spherical chrysanthemum should be chosen that is illuminated. In the shade, the plant can stretch out and even change the flowering period. The spherical chrysanthemum prefers loose and nutritious soil. In addition, drainage will also play a big role in the development of the chrysanthemum.
Spherical chrysanthemums are propagated by cuttings. Cuttings should be planted on days when there is no sun. If this is not possible, then shade the plant a little for a couple of days after planting, so that the cuttings and the shelter do not touch.
Caring for spherical chrysanthemum
Flower growers often recommend pinching the cuttings. To do this, you need to remove the upper part of the shoot. Pinching is done to form a spherical shape of the bush. But there are flower growers who say that the shape is genetically embedded in these chrysanthemums, and pinching is not necessary.
Watering a spherical chrysanthemum
Big role in proper care behind spherical chrysanthemums watering plays. Compliance with these rules will preserve the splendor of these chrysanthemums and prevent lignification of young shoots. In summer, chrysanthemums need frequent and moderate watering.
Wintering of spherical chrysanthemums
After the spherical chrysanthemums have bloomed, their stems must be cut to 15 cm and the chrysanthemum prepared for wintering. In the south, chrysanthemums are left in the ground for the winter. In the middle zone they can be covered for the winter with spruce branches and covering material. 
If winters are harsh and snowless, chrysanthemums need to be dug up for the winter and replanted in pots, which must be stored in a cool room until spring.
Globular chrysanthemums in design
If you look at some photographs of spherical chrysanthemums, you will see that their use in the landscape is very diverse.
Chrysanthemums with conifers look impressive. Round, bright shapes add liveliness to evergreens.
Globular chrysanthemum is used in mixed borders. They also mark the boundaries of the paths.
The variety of colors of spherical chrysanthemums allows us to experiment with color combinations. For example, a green lawn will be ideal solution for white spherical chrysanthemums. Also, yellow flowers will look beautiful against the background of the silver foliage of Elymus nobilis or emerald grass.
In autumn, when all the plants have already bloomed and are preparing to spend the winter, bright flower beds made from chrysanthemums of different colors will delight you with bright flowers. Plant red, pink, white, yellow colors spherical chrysanthemums and enjoy the riot of their colors.
Globular chrysanthemums are perfect for mixborders. Plus, these bright flowers can be the centerpiece of your lawn.
Sometimes gardeners grow these chrysanthemums as potted flower. Chrysanthemums in flowerpots can decorate any balcony or terrace.
Chrysanthemums are a group of perennial and annual herbaceous flowers of the Asteraceae or Asteraceae family. The plants are close to the genera Tansy and Yarrow, where some varieties of chrysanthemums are often classified. The homeland of this flower is the countries of the northern and temperate regions, but the largest number of plants grow in Africa, Europe and Asia.
Garden chrysanthemums: description and photo
Mostly chrysanthemums grow in the form of branched subshrubs, sometimes in the form herbaceous plants. Plant size from 55-155 cm. The leaves are simple, arranged in an alternate order, serrated, entire, dissected or notched, different in shape and size, mostly bright green, pubescent or not. The flowers are small and collected in a basket consisting of tubular median ligulate marginal and yellow flowers, usually arranged in a single row and variably colored.
Some varieties of chrysanthemums are successfully grown in our conditions in the open ground, others only in greenhouses, but all plants are valued by gardeners for their ease of propagation, long-lasting flowering, and bright colors.
The Chrysanthemum variety includes approximately 160 varieties of plants, divided according to the structure of the flower into large-flowered and small-flowered.
For home grown choose low-growing and small-flowered heat-loving varieties. The choice of varieties is quite large. Since chrysanthemums were previously valued for their decorative qualities, long-term selection work was carried out, due to which the color of chrysanthemum flowers, taking into account the variety, began to vary significantly, and the number of varieties, groups and species themselves increased noticeably.
Chrysanthemum crowned
The stem is bare, slightly branched in the upper half, simple or erect, 24-71 cm in size. The root is taprooted, short. The middle leaves are sessile, up to 7-9 cm in size, oblong-obovate or oblong in outline. The upper leaves are less dissected and smaller. Baskets in quantities of 3-7 pieces and Whether solitary on lateral leafy branches, as a rule, they do not form a shield. The reed corollas of the flowers are yellow, of various shades.
Young shoots and leaves taste similar to celery and are used as food. Also nutritional value have young inflorescences. Planted as an ornamental bush.
Alpine chrysanthemum
This is a low-growing perennial bush up to 9-14 cm. The leaves are collected in a basal rosette, pinnately dissected. The undersides are gray-green, the upper sides are dark green. The non-branching, erect stems have single baskets 3-5 cm in size. It blooms in mid-summer.
Alpine chrysanthemum has silvery-gray leaves, which are covered in summer with delicate inflorescences similar to those of daisies, are perfect for alpine slides. One of the persistent varieties with double or simple baskets, successfully planted in pots, flower beds or borders.
Chrysanthemum keeled
This is an erect, densely branched, 22-73 cm high, with a fleshy stem, almost hairless plant. Leaves on petioles are twice pinnately divided, slightly fleshy. Inflorescences are fragrant baskets, less often double or semi-double, solitary or collected in groups of 3-9 on lateral leafy branches, quite large, 4-8 cm in circumference, corymbose, complex inflorescences do not form; they begin flowering at different times. Reed flowers are yellow, white with a reddish or whitish edge, sometimes single-colored, white or yellow; tubular - deep red. Blooms profusely from mid-summer.
Various relatively short (34-55 cm) and dwarf species have been bred from the keeled chrysanthemum.
Chrysanthemum bush
An evergreen plant up to one meter high. The shoots are thin, branched, erect, woody near the base. Leaves are often divided. Inflorescences are usually fragrant baskets, sometimes double or semi-double, quite large 6 cm in circumference, solitary or collected on lateral leafy branches of 3-9 pieces. The flowers are tubular yellow, reed pink, yellow or white.
Grows well in open ground and in mild climates. White baskets with yellow center, similar to ordinary meadow chamomile, bloom in turn for almost the whole year. In regions with a frosty climate, the flower can be planted in containers, bringing it into the house for the winter.
Chinese chrysanthemum
This is a hybrid plant. undersized, perennial, 31-135 cm high, shoots rising, erect or strong, becoming woody over time near the base. The leaves are lanceolate, slightly fleshy, oval or oval-lobed, up to 8 cm long, and have a scent. The blades are coarsely toothed, whole. Inflorescences are fragrant baskets, double, semi-double or simple, quite large, 6-8 cm in circumference, collected in groups of 3-9 on lateral leafy branches or solitary. The reeds are varied in color and are longer than the disk. The inner flowers are yellow.
Korean chrysanthemums
A variety of hybrid green chrysanthemums. Varieties of this species differ in bush height, flowering time, colors of tubular and reed flowers, size and structure of inflorescences. These varieties are well grown in open land.
Flowers, depending on the variety, can reach sizes in circumference of more than 17 cm. Plant height 35-110 cm.
Korean varieties garden species resistant to pathogens, pests and adverse factors. Their distinguishing characteristic- highly decorative, capable of long-lasting and abundant flowering.
Classification of Korean flowers:
By inflorescence diameter:
- large-flowered - inflorescences more than 11 cm in circumference;
- small-flowered - inflorescences up to 11 cm in circumference.
By type of inflorescence:
- semi-double - with three or more rows of reed edge flowers;
- double - inflorescences of multiple reed flowers of various sizes and shapes, in the middle there is a small number of tubular ones;
- double-row and single-row - reed marginal flowers are in 1-2 rows;
- pompon - inflorescences with a circumference of 3-4 cm, from multiple reed flowers;
- anemone-shaped - with several or one row of reed-like marginal flowers.
Classified by height:
The most common varieties of Korean chrysanthemum
- ‘Altgold’ – deep yellow plants with inflorescences measuring approximately 6.5 cm. Bush height up to 54 cm.
- ‘Alyonushka’ – chrysanthemums of pink light, with simple daisy inflorescences. Bush height up to 54 cm.
- ‘Bacon’ is a red chrysanthemum up to 85 cm in size. Double inflorescences up to 5 cm in circumference. Blooms in September.
- ‘Snow White’ is a bush up to 75 cm in size. White double chrysanthemum, inflorescence up to 6 cm in circumference. Blooms in autumn.
- ‘Hebe’ is a chamomile chrysanthemum with single-row flowers up to 7 cm in size.
- ‘Evening lights’ – red spectacular flowers with a yellow ring near the middle of the inflorescence. The inflorescences are chamomile-shaped, simple.
- ‘Orange Sunset’ is a double, orange chrysanthemum with inflorescences up to 11 cm in size. Bush up to 81 cm high.
- ‘Malchish-Kibalchish’ – low growing chrysanthemum, less than 35 cm high. Inflorescences are simple in shape, pink. Blooms in late summer. The size of the inflorescences is up to 8 cm.
- ‘Umka’ is a pompom chrysanthemum with inflorescences up to 8 cm in size. The height of the bush is 85-110 cm. The color of the inflorescences varies from pinkish to pure white.
- ‘First Snow’ – white compact plants up to 40 cm in size. Double inflorescences up to 6 cm in size. Blooms throughout the month, from August.
Indian chrysanthemums
Used for cutting, bloom late in autumn, usually grown indoors.
Popular types
- 'Altgold'. The inflorescences are flat-shaped, golden-yellow, densely double, 6-8 cm in size. The height of the bush is 50-65 cm. The leaves are small, dark green. Flowering time is early October.
- 'Aurora'. The inflorescences are flat-shaped, 9-11 cm in size, orange. Bush height - 75-84 cm. Leaves are medium sized, dark green. Blooms from September.
- 'Snow Elf'. The inflorescences are pompon, densely double, snow-white, 6-8 cm in size. Bush height - 54-75 cm. Flowering time - from September.
- ‘Wally Roof’. The inflorescences are flat-shaped, pink-lilac, double, 7-9 cm in size. Flowering time is the end of September.
- ‘Primzvara’ Inflorescences are hemispherical, 8-11 cm in size, light pink. The height of the bush is 74-95 cm. The leaves are medium, dark green. Blooms from September.
These varieties include all the distinctive colors of chrysanthemums. There are also two-color types. Depending on age and variety, one plant can have from ten to hundreds of inflorescences.
Chrysanthemum Yesenna
Beautifully flowering and tall (up to 1.5 m) bush. Ligulate flowers are white, tubular flowers are deep yellow. Umbrella inflorescences. Flowering occurs from September. This variety is a perennial plant.
Chrysanthemum sativa
An annual bush with entire elongated leaves without petioles and an erect stem, up to 64 cm in size. The inflorescences are usually colored in rich yellow shades. Blooms from June.
Chrysanthemum multistem
A low-growing bush with numerous erect stems, up to 24 cm in size. The shape of the leaves can be different. The inflorescences are deep yellow in color and reach a size of 4 cm in circumference. Characterized by long-lasting and abundant flowering.
Chrysanthemums: cultivation and care
Lighting
Plants love diffused bright light; flowers are shaded from direct midday sun. Evening and morning sun rays are beneficial for plants. Appropriate place for flower care - on windowsills facing east and west.
Temperature
It is advisable to keep garden flowers outside the house in summer, in an area protected from the sun. You can keep the plant there until frost. Indoors, it is best to give chrysanthemums a cool place, approximately 16C.
Watering
During the growing season, chrysanthemums are watered abundantly with settled and soft water, as the top layer of soil dries. The soil should not be allowed to dry out during care - this can lead to the buds and leaves falling off. When keeping the house cool, watering is done carefully so as not to over-wet the ground.
Fertilizer
When caring for the plant, feeding is done every week, during the growing season, with complex flower fertilizer.
Transfer
When the bush chrysanthemum fades, you need to trim it close to the ground and move it to a cool place with a temperature of about 4-6C. In March, the bush is replanted and moved to a cool (14-19C) and bright room. The substrate for chrysanthemums is loose and nutritious, for example, like this:
- humus (1 tsp);
- turf soil (1 tsp);
- sand (0.3 tsp);
- peat (1 tsp).
Drainage is provided at the bottom of the container.
Growing colorful garden chrysanthemums enlivens the autumn and dull landscape, as their flowering occurs before the onset of winter frosts. They look great with many different shrubs and flowers in the garden, so spray chrysanthemums can be placed in any row of flower beds. The use of chrysanthemum leaves and flowers does not stop at garden decoration; today they are widely used for medicinal purposes. It is believed that their consumption improves immunity and prevents cardiovascular diseases and cancer.
The perennial chrysanthemum decorates front gardens, parks and flower beds from mid-summer right up to frost and is rightfully considered the queen autumn garden, because its flowering continues even when, after the first frost, other flowers have already withered. The variety of colors and subtle aroma with a slight bitterness amazes with its sophistication, as well as the combination of notes of joyful summer and sad autumn.
Planting and growing in open ground
Breeders are constantly working on developing new varieties, achieving large-flowered species, however, gardeners prefer to grow Korean small-flowered chrysanthemums because they have high decorative qualities and resistance to low temperatures.
In addition, Korean chrysanthemums look good on garden plot in combination with other flower crops and are famous for their long and abundant flowering. To decorate your home, chrysanthemum can also be grown in pots, and when cut, it is ideal for creating bouquet arrangements, since it can stand for up to 30 days without losing its decorative qualities.
Appropriate place
Garden chrysanthemum under no circumstances cannot be planted in areas where there is stagnation of water(rain, melt or after watering). Also these flowers do not like too shaded places: their stems elongate greatly, become brittle and thin, the flowers become significantly smaller, bloom too late or do not bloom at all.
Therefore, when choosing a place to plant chrysanthemums, you should pay attention to open, well-lit areas. It is also worth considering that strong winds negatively affect the development of this crop, so it is necessary to grow chrysanthemums in the garden in protected places.
Soil composition
Chrysanthemums are very demanding regarding the composition of the soil. They grow well in slightly acidic and neutral soils. Wherein the soil should be well-drained, loose and rich in organic nutrients.
If an area suitable for illumination has infertile or dense soil, measures must be taken to improve the soil before planting flowers. To improve water permeability, you can use coarse and thoroughly washed river sand.
To increase fertility, add peat, compost or rotted manure to the soil at the rate of 1 bucket of organic matter/1 m2 of planting.
