Vertical drilling machines 2118; 2135; 2150. Drilling head with various tools.

Vertical drilling machines 2118; 2135; 2150 are used when drilling holes with a diameter of up to 50 mm.

The first two numbers indicate the type of machine, and the last two numbers indicate the largest drilling diameter.

In Fig. 129 shows a single-spindle vertical- drilling machine 2150 and its kinematic diagram. It consists of a single-column vertical frame 1, mounted on foundation slab 2. An electric motor 3, a gearbox and a feedbox 4 are installed on the frame, with the help of which the spindle 5 receives six speeds from 46 to 475 rpm and ten feeds from 0.15 to 0.30 mm per revolution.

During drilling, the parts are installed and secured on the table 6. The drill 7 feed on this machine can be done manually with a steering wheel 8 or automatically using a gearbox and feed box. The table is raised and lowered by rotating handle 9. The machine is turned on using buttons located on the panel.

Drilling heads are often installed on the spindle of vertical drilling machines (Fig. 130), allowing drilling with five tools in one position, for example, drilling, tapping, reaming. Thus, a single-spindle machine with such a head can replace a five-spindle one, but the part does not need to be rearranged.

Rice. 129. Single spindle vertical drilling machine.

Information about the manufacturer of vertical drilling machine 2118

The manufacturer of the 2118 vertical drilling machine is the Novocherkassk Machine Tool Plant, founded in 1938.

Since January 1957, the plant specialized in the production of only turret machines. The plant produced turret lathes: 1N318, 1N325, 1G325, 1D325, 1E325, 1325F3.

2118 single-spindle universal vertical drilling machine. Purpose and scope

The universal vertical drilling machine model 2118 with a nominal drilling diameter of 18 mm is designed to perform the following operations: drilling, reaming, threading and trimming ends with knives.

The machine is designed to work in basic production workshops, as well as in conditions of single and small-scale production in tool, experimental, mechanical repair and tool shops with individual production..

Main technical characteristics of the tabletop drilling machine 2118

Manufacturer - Novocherkassk Machine Tool Plant.

The main dimensions of the machine correspond to GOST 1227-79.

• Maximum drilling diameter: Ø 18 mm
• Maximum drilling depth: 150 mm
• Maximum height of the workpiece installed on the work table: 500 mm
• Limits of spindle revolutions per minute - (6 steps) 300..3100 rpm
• Spindle end - Morse 2
• Motor power: 1,0 kW
• Machine weight: 450 kg

Kinematic diagram of drilling machine 2118

Design of drilling machine 2118

By its design, the drilling machine is very easy to operate. In order to set the selected drilling speed, it is necessary to move the V-belt to the appropriate pulley stage.

In order to transfer the belt from one pulley stage to another, you need to unscrew the special handle on the bracket and, by turning the screw to the left, move the bracket together with the electric motor toward you. After this, you need to rearrange the belt, and then (to tension the belt) by turning the screw to the right, move the bracket with the electric motor away from you.

Automatic feeding is carried out through the feed box, the latter's roller is driven into rotation from the spindle drive through a small gearbox, which is connected to the drive belt.

The automatic feed rate is 0.2 mm per spindle revolution. Feed more than 0.2 mm. can only be done manually, for which a special overrunning mechanism is installed in the feed box.

In order to work with a feed of less than 0.2 mm (when drilling on steel up to Ø 6 mm), the automatic feed must be turned off by moving the handle counterclockwise as far as it will go and tighten the stop screw on the side of the disk.

In order to automatic feeding drill to a given depth, there is a movable stop bar on the shift sleeve disk, and on the vernier ring there is a special scale in millimeters around the circumference, according to which the specified depth is measured. The strip is installed in accordance with the required drilling depth.

The machine is started and stopped using an electric motor, and the latter is turned on and off by a drum switch.

Automatic feed 0.2 mm. Can be used for carbon steel, for drilling diameters from Ø 6 mm to 18 mm. For cast iron, for drilling diameters from 3 mm. up to 18 mm.

When operating with automatic feed, the handle must be set to the middle position.

The automatic feed can be easily switched off by selecting the rollers in the feed box: Ø 12.3..12.7.

Drilling machine cooling 2118

To cool the tool when drilling, a special electric pump of type P22-A is mounted on the machine, which can be turned on using a separate package switch.

A special reservoir is provided for coolant in the machine cabinet.

Drilling machine lubrication 2118

The machine is lubricated daily before starting work in the following places:

The feed gear axis is through two grease nipples on the feed box body.

When feeding automatically, it is necessary to generously lubricate the neck of the feed roller of the feed box - through the circular chamfer in the bushing of the feed box.

All other mechanisms are lubricated periodically by filling grease through holes specially provided for this purpose.

The Lenix bearing is lubricated periodically by unscrewing the roller from the bar (left-hand thread). The feed roller bearings are lubricated through a hole in the Z63 gear by turning out the locking screw.

It is necessary to lubricate the gearbox drive gears daily.

The rack and pinion gear of the feed box is lubricated by applying oil to the quill teeth.

The worm gear axis in the table lifting mechanism is lubricated through an oiler at the end of the axis.

Electrical equipment and electrical circuit of the drilling machine 2118

Electrical diagram drilling machine 2118

2118 single-spindle universal vertical drilling machine. Video.

Technical characteristics of the machine 2118

A vertical drilling machine is used for making holes, cutting threads, countersinking ends and boring holes. It can work with almost any material.

Photo of the machine

Vertical drilling machines are available in many modifications. The layout and basic components of all models are almost the same. Main parts of equipment:

• Foundation slab. Provides support for stability.
• Bed. Locates the main components of the equipment. There are guides on the side to which the bracket and spindle are attached.
• Main motion drive. Transmits rotation from the electric motor to the feed box.
• Spindle. Secures the cutting tool.
• Box and feed mechanism. It has gears with which the spindle changes the rotation speed.
• Table. Moves using a handle. IN industrial equipment, a cross table is used.

IN modern models vertical type quick-change cartridges are used.

Main specifications drilling devices: maximum spindle stroke, largest diameter deep drilling and departure. The operating instructions contain detailed information about the equipment.

Marking

By the equipment code you can determine its technical characteristics. All drilling device codes begin with the number 2. The fact that the equipment is of a vertical type is indicated by the second number 1. The remaining number shows the largest diameter of the hole being produced. If there is a letter after the first number, the equipment has been improved. The letter at the end means that the equipment is made on the basis of the main model.

For example, the 2s132 machine has the following characteristics: maximum deep drilling diameter is 32 mm, upgraded compared to models 2132 and 2a132.

Domestic models

Let's look at popular vertical drilling machines made in the USSR. These are models 2a125, 2g125, 2l125, 2t140, 2118 and 2118a.

The floor-standing vertical drilling machine 2a125 has a maximum deep drilling diameter of 25 mm. Equipment 2a125 includes 9 speeds from 97 to 1360 rpm and a reach of 250 mm. Has a device for reversing the electric motor. Size 98*82.5*230 cm, weight 870 kg. Manufactured in the USSR at the Sterlitamak plant. The price of this model is from 25,000 rubles.

The improved device 2g125 has a larger reach of 260 mm. Lower power engine – 2.2 kW. The weight of the floor type machine is 2g125 780 kg, dimensions are 73*91*210.5 cm. Number of speeds is 2g125 16. Vertical movement of the table is 425 mm. In the 2g125 device, the threading diameter is 24 mm. The spindle has a Morse taper 3. It was manufactured in the USSR at the Krasnorechensky plant. The price of this configuration is from 20,000 rubles.

Model 2l125 is the smallest, having best characteristics. The weight of the machine is 475 kg, dimensions 86*56*213 cm. It has a Morse spindle taper of 4. The maximum table stroke is 540 mm.

The 2t140 machine is being produced now and is one of the most advanced models.

The 2118 machine has a maximum deep drilling diameter of 18 mm. The spindle includes a Morse taper 2. The reach of the device is 200 mm. Equipment dimensions 2118 87*59*208 cm, device weight 450 kg. Vertical table movement 350 mm. The unit is turned on by a drum switch, which supplies power to the electric motor. With regular use, the main components of the 2118 machine must be lubricated daily with your own hands. The price of machine 2118 is from 20,000 rubles.

For minor works VSN machine is used. It is distinguished by its small dimensions - 30*58*66 cm and weighing no more than 75 kg. The spindle of the device has 2 speeds and a rotation frequency from 7.5 to 20. The largest diameter of the holes of the VSN machine is 16 mm. The spindle moves 100 mm. The machine operates from a mains voltage of 380 V. The work table is square with a side length of 250 mm. The spindle has a Morse taper B16. Despite small sizes, VSN drills metal materials. The price of equipment is from 20,000 rubles.

All devices are supplied with operating instructions upon purchase. Models produced in the USSR are sold second-hand.

Foreign models

Foreign companies producing vertical drilling machines:

• JET (USA).
• Optimum (Germany).
• Hitachi (Japan).

The price of these devices is high. The best company in terms of price and quality ratio is Hitachi.

One of the most popular Hitachi b16rm models. The maximum diameter of deep drilling is 16 mm. Equipped asynchronous motor, work on which can be carried out for a long time.

The Hitachi b16rm machine has a laser pointer and an optical drill axis indicator. The desktop rotates 45 degrees. The electric motor operates at 12 speeds from 210 to 3100 rpm. The reach of the device is 380 mm.

Work at poor lighting possible with built-in lighting. The Hitachi b16rm is quiet and virtually vibration-free.

In the basic configuration, the b16rm operates on a voltage of 220 V, but you can power it yourself from a 380 V network by connecting an additional frequency converter.

The American analogue of the Hitachi b16rm device is the JET JDP-17F machine. The operating instructions come with translations into several languages. The price of this model is from 30,000 rubles.

CNC machines

Modern device models are numerically controlled. Let's look at a Soviet CNC machine 2р135ф2.

The 2r135f2 machine is equipped with a turret with six spindles. The maximum cross-section of the product is 35 mm, the maximum thread diameter is M24. The desktop is cross-shaped with protected guides.

It has a 2P32-3 CNC device, which allows you to set positioning and rectangular processing operations. Programs for the device are on eight-track punched paper tapes. The CNC includes three controlled coordinates. The 2р135ф2 machine operates in four modes: manual input, adjustment, automatic and semi-automatic processing.

Overall dimensions of the device are 180*240*270 cm, weight 500 kg. The price of such a model is from 80,000 rubles.

Homemade machine

Today the price of machines is high, so for household needs you can make equipment yourself. The circuit diagram of such a device is quite simple. You will need four main components:

• Drill.
• Foundation slab.
• Vertical stand.
• Feeding mechanism.

First, you need a rough diagram of the future machine. Such a diagram is drawn with your own hands based on available materials. As a foundation slab, you can use a thick furniture board. The vertical stand is made of thick plywood or chipboard. Foundation and vertical stand fastened with your own hands using self-tapping screws and corners.

After this, guides are made to move the drill. They are made from metal strips and screwed to the rack. The drill is secured to the block using steel clamps and rubber gaskets. The feed mechanism should lower and raise the drill. Its scheme is quite simple. You need to use a lever and a spring to stiffen the device.

Drilling devices today are presented in a wide range. Depending on your goals, you can choose the model you need or make it yourself.

TO category:

Drilling metal

Vertical drilling machine model 2118

You have already become acquainted with the structure of the NS-12 drilling machine. On such machines you can drill a hole with largest diameter 12 mm. But in some cases, holes are needed much larger diameter. In this case, they drill on more powerful machines. We will now get acquainted with one of these machines. This is a model 2118 vertical drilling machine.

It consists of a base, a column, a gearbox, a guide bracket in which the feed mechanism and spindle assembly are mounted, and a table. The gearbox with electric motor is installed on the top of the column.

Metals of different hardness are processed using different speeds. The rotation speed of the drill is selected taking into account its material and diameter. Procedure for setting up machines different designs at the desired speed different. Thus, on NS-12 tabletop drilling machines, the speed is changed by transferring the belt from one pulley stage to another. On the 2118 drilling machine, the handles of the gear wheels in the gearbox are switched.

When drilling, the tool and workpiece heat up. Try quickly rubbing your palms together.

Did you feel the warmth? The same thing happens with the drill. But only the tool gets very hot. A hot drill quickly becomes dull and does not cut metal well. To prevent this from happening, during operation the tool is cooled with a special liquid: soap and soda water, oil emulsions. In this case, the hot drill gives off some of the heat to the liquid and cools, and the liquid heats up. Therefore, the base of the machine is made hollow and also serves as a tank for collecting coolant.

When drilling, parts are placed on a table that can be raised and lowered using a special handle. Remember! It is better to drill small holes at high speed, and large diameter holes at low speed.

Post-war rapid growth industrial production in the USSR demanded an urgent expansion of the machine park. To prevent the outflow of currency abroad, domestic design bureaus began developing metal-cutting equipment. First, a basic model was produced, which was tested in real conditions. After this, the mechanism was improved. Such a modified unit is the 2N118 vertical drilling machine.

Equipment classification

System accepted symbols, which makes it easy to understand the markings of units. Difficulty in deciphering the name of the machine arises in specialized production, when the abbreviation is set by the manufacturer. In the standard case, numbering is based on the decimal system.

The equipment designation includes four numbers and several letters, the latter can be located anywhere. The letters can indicate the degree of automation, accuracy class or new modification. Let's look at the meaning of the numbers:

1. It defines a group of machines, depending on the technological operation being performed. There are nine groups in total.
2. Indicates the type of equipment, there are nine of them.
3. The last numbers show the main size of the unit.

In our case, the first digit (2) means drilling group. The second number (1) indicates the vertical drilling type of the machine. Using the last numbers we determine maximum size holes that the mechanism can drill. The letter (n) indicates a new modification of the base model.

Drilling equipment

It is used in any technological chain, but its main purpose is small-scale and single-piece production. Such machines perform a number of operations:

• thread cutting;
• countersinking;
• drilling;
• trimming ends;
• deployment;
• countersinking.

After reviewing, they can be divided into three large groups depending on the operations performed:

• specialized, perform a limited number of actions;
• universal, make up the main part;
• special, they work without readjustment, according to a given cycle.

Such units can be classified according to the maximum drill diameter used:

• lightweight, drilling up to 12 mm;
• medium, obtaining holes 18-50 mm;
• heavy, drilling 75 mm holes.

Main distinctive features metal-cutting equipment are the movements made by the cutting tool and devices. In our case, this is the rotation of the drill and the progressive feed of the spindle. All main parameters are included in the machine passport, which is directly included in the operating manual.

Machine 2N118 close up

In this document you can find instructions for attaching the machine to the workplace. First of all, it must be located strictly horizontally in relation to the foundation. The reliability of all mechanisms depends on this. This is achieved using special levels.

The design of the machine assumes the following types:

• desktop;
• columned;
• radial drilling;
• deep drilling;
• multi-spindle;
• central;
• drilling and milling;
• coordinate drilling;
• radial drilling.

All of them are complex mechanisms, so before starting work, maintenance personnel must carefully read the operating instructions. And while working, adhere to all recommendations.

Description of the machine

A machine-tool plant in the city of Molodechno began producing a vertical drilling machine model 2N118. At the end of the fifties, it was reoriented to the production of drilling units. In the early sixties, production of the basic model 2118 was launched. Based on its operational data, the designers developed a vertical drilling machine 2N118, the technical characteristics of which were improved, and all the shortcomings were taken into account.

The basis of this mechanism is a column, which is attached to the foundation with its base. It is equipped with a gearbox located in the upper part of the structure, as well as a table and feedbox in the spindle headstock. Design features include rigidity, strength of mechanisms and speed range cutting tool. The movement of the working head along the bed occurs thanks to a rack and pinion mechanism controlled by a steering wheel.

The part is installed on the table, in special devices, and can be moved along it to align the hole drilling site with the cutting tool. The table can move along the bed. Its installation, as well as the installation of the spindle head, depends on the height of the tool and the part. The processing process can take place in manual and mechanical modes.

To understand how the 2N118 drilling machine works, open the passport and find all the necessary information.

Download the passport (operating instructions) of the 2N118 machine

Let us highlight the main technical characteristics from it:

In addition, here you can find the kinematic diagram, which is given below, and a description of its features.

These include:

• electric reverse, changing the direction of rotation of the head;
• 9-speed gearbox, expanding the rotation range of the cutting tool;
• 6-speed gearbox that regulates vertical movement;
• rack and pinion mechanism moving the spindle head;
• a screw pair that allows the table to move.

For long-term operation, it is necessary to pay attention to securing the 2N118 machine to the foundation. Using a level, it is placed on the wedges, after which the solution is poured under the base. Once it hardens, the foundation bolts are tightened.

You cannot bypass the electrical part of the machine. Its main components are:

• motor that rotates the spindle;
• selenium rectifier;
• automation, consisting mainly of relays and starters;
• cooling pump.

The rectifier is used to activate the brake starter, thereby dynamically braking the cutting tool. In addition, the electric motor is protected from overload by a circuit breaker.

To avoid accidents and injuries to operating personnel, all equipment is properly grounded.

All of the above documents for 2N118 are included in the instruction manual. It makes it possible to correctly install, start and operate the mechanism. And in the event of a breakdown, quickly identify the problem.