Grain is one of the main types of feed for cattle. It is equally useful for dairy animals and those that are fattening. But not all types of grain can be given in an unground form. Barley, wheat and rye should be crushed before feeding. For crushing, a special grain grinder is used, which you can not only buy, but also make yourself.
Grain grinders are equally used on both large farms and private farmsteads, and differ in grain grinding size. For fine, medium and coarse grinding, dry crushing devices are used, and if very fine grinding is needed, then a grain grinder using a wet method is needed.
Grain crushers have a number of advantages:
- Compact design allows the device to be moved
- The device operates on a conventional electrical network,
- Large selection of models
- Easy to make at home
- The necessary spare parts for grain crushers can be found in every home.
The roller grain grinder grinds the product between two rollers that rotate in opposite directions. Rotary knives differ in that the knives are attached to the main rotational shaft. In hammer crushers, the main working unit includes a drum, a sieve and decks. Crushing occurs under the influence of blows in a hammer-shaped drum. In jaw crushers, the raw material for processing comes from above and is crushed between two jaw plates. And in the conical device, crushing is carried out in a constantly rotating cone head.
One of the most popular models, which is used in many grain shops, as well as on farms and private farmsteads, is the Bumblebee grain crusher.
It is easy to use and affordable. Grain crusher spare parts such as lingums, grain retractors, 4mm mesh sieve and 6mm mesh sieve and power cable are included as standard.
The bumblebee can produce up to two tons of crushed grain per hour, and the drum part is designed to produce more than 200 tons of grain between maintenance.
Homemade grain crushers
The homemade grain crusher is not inferior to its store counterparts. To assemble a grain crusher at home with your own hands, you need to stock up on working tools, as well as find the necessary spare parts for grain crushers. Namely:
- Cutting planes or knives: can be machined from steel, or you can use ready-made discs from a blender,
- Grain crusher engine. The power must be not less than 1.4 kW and not more than 2 kW,
- Grain crusher sieve: mesh size depends on grinding needs.
Before you make a grain crusher with your own hands, you need to learn some important points:
- Working knives should not be tightly attached to the device - they must be removed and sharpened regularly,
- For the preparation of a knife, it is better to use very strong steel,
- Provide for the possibility of removing the sieve for cleaning,
- Do not use the engine for a grain crusher of greater power - the consumption of electricity will be greater.
The high performance of the device depends on the correct assembly, as well as on the correct use.
The simplest model can be assembled from a conventional household meat grinder. Making a grain crusher with your own hands from a meat grinder is simple: first, an electric motor is attached to it, and the neck is expanded. For convenience, a part of a plastic bottle can be glued to the neck. It turns out an analogue of an electric meat grinder. The performance of such a grain crusher is a bucket of grain in twenty minutes.
At home, you can make a grain crusher from various parts from agricultural machines: from a tractor brake drum, an opener disk and a container from a seeder, as well as metal plates of a cutting device of a grain harvester. To assemble a grain crusher, you need to use a convenient scheme or drawing for attaching all component parts. They can be found on the Internet in specialized forums.
A simple crusher model can also be made from a vacuum cleaner engine. To install the shaft, a hole is made in its base. The knife used should be about twenty centimeters wide and one and a half centimeters thick. The knife is attached directly to the shaft. Instead of a working chamber, you can use an ordinary metal sieve, under which a box or box for grain is placed.
Grinder grain grinder
Many households have hand saws with spinning discs that are no longer needed. A grain grinder from a grinder can be a good option for a saw attachment. In addition to the saw itself, the following spare parts for grain crushers are needed:
- A piece of pipe, with a diameter of at least 15 cm,
- Fine grating or mesh,
- Cutting discs (can be used from a meat grinder),
- grain box,
- Sheet of plywood or laminate.
Do-it-yourself grain crusher from a grinder is done as follows: the chainsaw body is mounted on a plywood sheet, in which small holes for fastening are pre-cut. An additional slot is made on the sheet and under the box or jar into which the crushed grain will be poured. Attach the chainsaw with metal brackets and bolts. A homemade crusher should be equipped with a sharp metal knife, sharpened on both sides. A mesh or sieve is attached to the bottom of the plywood sheet, you can also use homemade pots. In this model, the engine for the grain crusher is the engine of the electric saw. The do-it-yourself cereal is ready!
Crusher from the washing machine
Very popular among farmers is a do-it-yourself grain crusher made from a washing machine.
The body of the washing machine is a ready-made powerful feed cutter. This type of grain grinder works on a principle similar to a coffee grinder: the grains are crushed in the drum due to the rotation of sharp knives in different directions. You can make this model, having the following spare parts for grain crushers:
- Cutting discs or knives
- Lattice,
- additional engine,
- Metal corner or narrow plates,
- Hammer,
- A small piece of metal pipe.
Before making a crusher from a washing machine, you need to sharpen the knives or cutting discs used well. The knives are mounted on the shaft, and the shaft is then attached to the activator pulley with a washer.
The drain hole is increased in size with a hammer to a diameter of 12.5 cm. A piece of pipe is inserted into the resulting hole. On it, crushed grain will be poured into a box or box. In the tank of the machine, a grate with small cells is installed at an angle of 13-17 degrees.
Mandatory condition: the size of the grate must completely match the dimensions of the inner tank.
Better grinding will help to get an additional engine for the grain crusher. Install it under the lid, and for fastening use a corner or metal plates. Another knife is placed on the motor shaft, the diameter of which is smaller than the size of the tank. It is advisable to close the additional engine for the grain crusher with a casing. This will prevent dust and food particles from getting inside.
Oddly enough, it is possible to crush grain at home no worse than in the factory. And sometimes it happens that the result can be even better. In this material, you will find everything to make such a device as a grain crusher with your own hands: drawings, the principle of operation, various nuances.
With this device, the grinding of a bag of grain can be carried out within 12-15 minutes. The grain crusher is made on the basis of parts used in agricultural machines:
as a base, you can use the external brake drum, which once stood on the rear clutch in the DT-75 tractor, the inner side of which contains teeth that serve to hook the clutch driven discs;
as the front flange of the base, you can use the seeder coulter disc, which comes with a hub and bearing;
hammers are made from counter-cutting plates of fingers in the cutting device on a combine harvester;
grain bunker - a container with which the sugar beet seeder SUPN-8 is equipped.
Making the chopper base
Using a lathe, cut drum 3 (Fig. 1) to ensure a height of 65 mm. The inner side should have a recess d = 282 mm, the height of which is 3 mm (you will have to grind off the teeth). Now you should cut off the third part in the drum, this is necessary for the hole for the sieve. It must be supported by arcs 8 welded onto the flange 5 and the outer side in the drum.
Rice. 1 Assembly drawing of the chopper base (the unit is shown without the hopper and bedside table)
The base of the chopper consists of:
1 - flange (coulter disc), 2 - disc hub equipped with bearing 180503, 3 - toothed drum, 4 - base flange, 5 - drum flange, 6 - electric motor, 7 - sieve side plate, 8 - support arc (from keyed material 6 8 mm), 9 - corner 4.5 by 4.5 cm, 10 - grain collector funnels, 11 - M8 bolts and nuts (2 pcs.), 12 - motor shafts.
Flange 1 should be ground to a size of 285 + 0.5 mm, inserted into a specially prepared place in the drum and welded.
In hub 2, air sampling holes with a diameter of 8 mm must be pre-drilled. If this is not done, the performance of the crusher will decrease significantly. Where the cut-off part of the drum is located, it is necessary to install a sieve 7 (Fig. 2), which is fastened with two bolts 11 on M8 and side plates to the surface of the disk in the coulter.
Chopper sieve drawing
The sieve consists of:
1 - side mounting plate, 2 - sieves
We proceed to the next stage in the production of a unit called a do-it-yourself grain crusher. The drawings tell us that the upper part of the drum should have a 5.5 by 4.3 cm hole, on top of which the bunker should be fixed, in which there is a valve. This valve is designed to regulate the flow of grain that enters the grinder. It is installed in the desired position, after which it is fixed with an M5 bolt and a handwheel.
The funnel of the grain intake 10 is welded onto the flange of the base of the supporting arc from the bottom of the sieve. Through this element, the crushed grain is poured into a pre-placed container.
With corner 9, the crusher is fixed on top of the bedside table, which is divided in half with the help of a horizontal partition. The upper half is intended for the installation of electrical equipment - a safety switch, a reversing magnetic starter, a signal lamp and a power button. In the lower part, replaceable sieves and tools will be stored.
Hammer drum manufacturing
Plates 2 should be mounted and welded on top of shaft 7 (Fig. 3). The end of the shaft must have a through hole in which an M10 thread is cut. When the drum and motor shaft are separated, a special puller bolt is screwed into this hole. Each of the axles 6 is equipped with six hammers 3. These parts have a high wear resistance due to the hardening of their edges.
Rice. 3 Assembly drawing of the hammer drum
Hammer drum consists of:
1 - locking bolt M10, 2 - two plates, 3 - hammer, 4 - washers (1 by 2.2 cm), 5 - cotter pin, 6 - hammer axles, 7 - shaft in the drum
The holes for the rivet should be drilled to a diameter of 1 cm. The adjustment of the distance from one hammer to another on the axis is regulated by washers 4. If you place the hammers in planes that are parallel to each other, crushing will be more intense.
If the hammer drum rotates in the clockwise direction, then the grain will fall out faster, and therefore, the crushing will be coarser, and if the reverse is turned on, then finer. Adjustment of degree of crushing is made by means of replacement of a lattice.
crusher balancing process
To protect the crusher from the phenomenon of vibration leading to breakage, the rotating parts must be statically balanced. This operation can be carried out using a fairly simple device (Fig. 4). We carry out the installation of the technological roller 1 into the hole on the shaft in the drum and put the already assembled rotor (containing axles, cotter pins, keys and a locking bolt) over the knives located in a horizontal plane.
By drilling out the metal from the plates in the rotor, it is necessary to ensure that the rotor stops evenly in various positions. Before installing, you should select the hammers so that their weight is equal. With a properly balanced hammer drum, there will be no vibration in the crusher.
Rice. 4 Drum balancing
The balancing unit consists of:
1 - technological roller, 2 - assembled rotor (not including hammers and washers), 3 - axles and cotter pins, 4 - locking bolts M8, 5 - device knife, 6 - wooden rack, 7 - base.
Do-it-yourself grain crusher video
Well, that's all you need to know in order to build such a thing as a grain crusher with your own hands. The drawings are presented, you have read the description, it remains only to do it!
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Nikolai Nabok January 20, 2014 | 36262
It turns out that a homemade grain crusher can work just as well, and sometimes even better than the factory one. Read on to learn how to make a hammer mill.
This device allows you to grind a bag of grain in just 12-15 minutes. In its manufacture, I used parts from decommissioned agricultural machines:
- as grounds I took the external brake drum of the rear clutch of the DT-75 tractor, which has clutch teeth on the inside with clutch driven discs (a device for transmitting rotational motion through friction - ed.)
- front flange bases - seed drill coulter disc assembly with hub and bearing;
- hammers– counter-cutting plates of the fingers of the cutting device of the combine harvester;
- bunker for grain - a bunker from a sugar beet seeder SUPN-8.
Chopper base
Cut on a lathe drum 3 (fig. 1) height 65 mm. On the inside, I made a groove d 282 mm 3 mm high (grinded the teeth). Cut off a third of the drum - under the hole for sieves. It relies on arcs 8, welded to flange 5 and outside of the drum.
The base of the chopper assembly (the hopper and bedside table of the unit are not shown)
1 - flange (coulter disc), 2 - disc hub with bearing 180503, 3 - toothed drum, 4 - base flange, 5 - drum flange, 6 - electric motor (1.5 kW, 2940 rpm.), 7 - sieve side plate, 8 - support arc (keyway material 6x8 mm), 9 - angle 45x45 mm, 10 - grain collector funnel, 11 - M8 bolt with nut (2 pcs.), 12 - electric motor shaft
Disc 1 I grinded the coulter to d 285 + 0.5 mm, inserted it into the recess of the drum and welded it.
Pre-in hub 2 drilled four air intakes holes d 8 mm. Without them, the crusher will "suffocate", which will lead to a decrease in productivity. On the side of the cut-off third of the drum, I installed sieve 7 (Fig. 2), attaching it with two bolts 11 M8 and side plate to opener disc.
Chopper sieve
1 - side mounting plate, 2 - sieve
I made a 55x43 mm hole in the upper part of the drum, around which I fixed a hopper with a valve designed to adjust the amount of grain supplied for grinding. In the desired position, it is fixed with an M5 bolt with a handwheel.
funnel grain collector 10 welded to the flange of the base of the support arc under the sieve. Through it, the crushed grain is poured into a bucket or bag.
By using corner 9 fixed the crusher nightstand divided by a horizontal partition into two parts. At the top, I installed electrical equipment - a safety switch, a reversible magnetic starter, a signal lamp and a power button. The lower one was taken for storage of replaceable sieves and tools.
hammer drum
On shaft 7 planted and boiled plates 2 (Fig. 3). I drilled a through hole in the end of the shaft and cut the M10 thread. When removing the drum from the motor shaft, I screw it into it puller bolt. On each of the four axles 6 arranged in six hammers 3. They have great wear resistance because their edges are hardened.
Hammer drum assembly
1 - locking bolt M10, 2 - plate (2 pcs.), 3 - hammer, 4 - washer d 10x22 mm, 5 - cotter pin 3 mm, 6 - hammer axis, 7 - drum shaft
The holes for the rivet were drilled up to d10 mm. I adjust the distance between the hammers on the axles with a set washers 4. The location of the hammers in several parallel planes contributes to more intensive crushing of the grain.
When the hammer drum rotates clockwise, the grain passes a short way from the hole to the sieve, therefore it is crushed larger, and when the reverse is turned on, it is smaller. The degree of grinding can also be adjusted by changing the sieves.
Unit balancing
In order to protect the crusher from vibration that can lead to breakage, it is necessary to carry out a static rotor balancing drum. This allows you to make a fairly simple device. (Fig. 4). I press technological roller 1 into the hole of the drum shaft and install the rotor assembly (with axles, cotter pins, key and lock bolt) on horizontally located knives 5. By drilling metal in the rotor plates, I achieve a uniform stop of the rotor in different positions. Before installing on the drum and adjusting washers, I select sets of hammers (6 pcs each) of the same weight. If the hammer drum has been properly balanced, no vibration should be felt during crusher operation.
Drum balancing device
1 - technological roller, 2 - rotor assembly (without hammers and washers), 3 - axle with cotter pin, 4 - locking bolt M8, 5 - device knife, 6 - wooden stand, 7 - device base
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Significantly facilitates work on livestock farms. With the help of such a unit, you can quickly and easily replenish the stocks of feed for birds and rabbits, as well as make compound feed for cattle and grind fruits and vegetables. A grain grinder can also come in handy in the household. Almost everyone can make it with their own hands. This does not require special knowledge. With the help of the device, you can grind grains, for example, wheat for flour or corn.
Of course, it is not so easy to find a cheap grain crusher in the market for all kinds of agricultural equipment. Therefore, many try to make it on their own. This may require old household appliances or their individual parts, skills in working with a welding machine and some experience in turning.
Device from an old vacuum cleaner
So, how to make a grain grinder with your own hands from an old vacuum cleaner? In this case, special attention should be paid to the motor. This part is ideal for making small grain crushers. In addition, you will need:
Let's start making the base
What else is needed to make a grain crusher? Not everyone can do the drawings with their own hands, but this is exactly what will help to assemble a normal, and most importantly, a working unit. In extreme cases, for clarity, you can use pictures of the finished device. First you need to create the base of the grain crusher. For these purposes, a sheet of plywood, the thickness of which is 1 centimeter, is ideal. From it you need to cut a square, each side of which is exactly 30 centimeters. On top of the finished base, you should attach a working electric motor taken from an old vacuum cleaner. In this case, the device should protrude down by 40 centimeters.
Blades made of steel plates
Do-it-yourself grain crusher is made very quickly. The main thing is to prepare all the details in advance. The working body of such a device is a knife. It will rotate at high speed. Due to this, the grinding of raw materials occurs. To create such a knife, you can use steel plates. Each piece must meet the following dimensions: thickness - 1.5 millimeters, length - 20 centimeters and width - 1.5 centimeters.
When choosing a material, you should give preference to one that will be stronger than steel. In this case, you can use car holders, as well as other similar parts from various household appliances. A do-it-yourself grain crusher can grind better than a store-bought one, if the knives are sharpened correctly. They should be made in the form of a blade. The two leading edges must be machined in the direction of the axis of rotation.
As for the shape of this part, here you can experiment. You can simply make the corners beveled or give the knives the shape of a propeller. The appearance of each plate should be adjusted with emery.
When the part is ready, you need to drill a hole that will fit the motor shaft. The knife can be attached to the threaded tail. In this case, you will need a nut, sleeve and several washers of the required size. Homemade grain crusher, made by hand, is almost ready.
Screen, hopper and working chamber
To equip the chamber where the grain is milled, you can use a strip of metal 70 centimeters long and 6 centimeters wide. This part must be rolled up with a ring, while bending the ribs in the right direction. This should be done around the entire perimeter of the chamber.
The flanges that are formed in this case will be no more than 1 centimeter wide. This is necessary to install the sieve and fasten it to the base. For more reliable fixation, the crusher is at an equal distance from each other, on the underside of the finished chamber, mount wooden pins.
As you can see, do-it-yourself grain crusher is elementary. When choosing a sieve, it is worth remembering that a fine mesh is needed to obtain flour, but cells are ideal for coarse grinding, and disks with many holes are ideal for fruits or vegetables.
Final stage
The grain will be placed from the bunker into the working chamber, where it is crushed. The unit should be equipped with a special hole and, of course, a plate damper should be made, which will allow you to regulate each grain supply. The bunker must be installed on the base.
Under the sieve, it is worth placing a special container, for example, a tank, bucket, pan or basin. This is necessary for the collection of products. This completes your grain crusher. With your own hands, you can make a unit not only from a vacuum cleaner. For these purposes, an old washing machine is perfect.
A corn crusher helps many farm owners cope with forage harvesting, as well as save a lot of money. If desired, such a unit can be made by yourself. It does not require many skills.
is a device designed for preparing food for poultry and animals. Its use can greatly facilitate the work in the farm and household. The principle of operation of all types of crushers is almost the same. The device functions by centrifugal force of knives or hammers rotating at high speed. When buying or making your own grain crusher, you need to know that the quality of grain grinding should be at the required level. By reducing the particle size of the feed, the surface area of the grain increases and, thus, conditions are created for a better interaction with digestive enzymes. And, as a general rule, reducing particle size reduces feed intake. It is also necessary to take into account the performance of the crusher.
Rice. 1. Grain crusher.
The grain crusher presented by me, with a capacity of 4 kW, grinds barley grain 650-750 kg per hour, depending on the grain and its moisture content. You can see how the crusher works on my website. There I explain that by spending only 4 kW of electricity, we get high-quality crushed grain in large volumes and in a very short time. Due to low electricity consumption, such grain will have a low cost. Simplicity of design plays an important role in the maintenance of the grain crusher. Since when crushing grain, intensive wear of crusher parts occurs and repair on your own is another plus. In a grain crusher, as a rule, the hammers wear out first. The hammers (Fig. 2) on my crusher are made from decommissioned old coulters, disc seeders. I also use old circular saws or cutters.
Rice. 2 Hammers crushing (knives).
Next, the sieve wears out, separating the crushed grain. I make a sieve from sheet steel 2 mm thick. On a drilling machine, mesh holes are drilled through the template with a diameter depending on the desired grinding fraction. Then the decks wear out. In the manufacture (Fig. 3) of a deck crushing chamber, if possible, I use old onboard ones from various tractors, where internal slots play the role of decks.
Fig.3 Crushing chamber with decks.
If it is not possible to use used spare parts, then I do it from a steel strip 70 mm wide. I make a hoop and inside I weld square blanks by electric welding, which will serve as decks. I make blanks for decks from old used seed harrows. We make fastening for hammers (knives). From a 8 mm steel sheet, cut out a 125 mm square, drill four 10 mm holes, hammers (knives) will be bolted here. We drill a hole in the middle of the square, a sleeve will be welded here by electric welding, machined on a lathe, to fit the size of the motor armature. Hammers (knives) on a steel square are not fixed movably. They are fixed on special grooves and tightened with bolts. How to make grooves? On a square, we weld strips 10 mm wide, two pieces on each side of the hammers (knives). In total, there are eight hammers (knives) on this crusher. Four pieces each at the top and bottom of the square (knife mounts). This is a short description of the crusher. If someone is interested in this topic for frequent use, then you can purchase drawings here at this link -
The grain crusher will easily crush any dry grain: rye, oats, corn, wheat, peas, barley. The benefits of these units for farming and household plots are significant. The production of feed and feed mixtures will cost you much less than when purchasing ready-made combined feeds. By mixing various cereals with mineral additives, you can always regulate the qualitative composition of the mixture yourself and always produce only fresh feed. And you are given the opportunity to simply minimize the cost of keeping animals or birds. This grain crusher can be used both on household plots and on large farms. The use of grain crusher drawings without permission in a commercial setting is prohibited. All rights reserved. That's all for the grain crusher.
