adv - decree to: 1) location or movement: a) being or moving over something. upstairs, upstairs; b) movement through smth., re-, to step ~ step over, to swim ~ swim across; c) change of position, turning over, re-, to roll ~ roll over, to knock smb . ~ knock someone down off your feet; d) transition to the opposite side, change. positions, re-, to go ~ to the enemy go over to the enemy's side ; d) approaching something. place or person or transition to something, under-, send her ~ to me send her to me, he went ~ to the railings he walked up to the railing , to go ~ to see smb . go see smb.; f) intensifying meaning, usually not translated: over here (here, over there (over there; there "s a good spot ~ there there's a good place over there ;
2): repetition, redoing, rethinking, etc.- again, again, once again, to do smth . ~ redo sth.; it must be done ~ this needs to be redone;
3): a) thoroughness performing an action, bringing it to completion, examination: pro-, re-, to talk ~ discuss, to check ~ check, to look ~ inspect, check; b) ending smb., the lesson is ~ lesson is over; it's all ~ it's over/finished;
4): unresolved, incomplete: to lay ~ put off, defer;
5): spreading throughout this place, throughout the territory, etc. (often all ~), they searched the town ~ they searched all over the city; her face became red all ~ her face turned red;
6): transfer or transfer something from one person to another, re-, to hand smth. ~ to smb . hand over smb. someone;
7): a) excess, excess – in addition, in addition, boys of twelve years and ~ boys twelve years and older; b) excess or highest quality – extremely, beyond, he is ~ polite he is an extremely polite person ; don't be ~ shy don't be too shy and etc.
prep - decree to: 1) mutual position objects, above, above; above; through; on the other side, behind; outside something ; y, about something , at, for;
2) character of movement, through, about; over, on; s, co; over, over the entire surface;
3) time interval, for, during, during;
4) quantitative excess, over, over, more;
5) superiority in position, seniority, above; taller, older;
6) source, means, through, through, through;
7) subject thoughts and so on., regarding, concerning, regarding; subject carefully. consideration, For example: reread, remember details and so on.;
8) overcoming difficulties, cope, recover and etc.
In today's material we will look at the phrasal verb come. This is an irregular verb, that is, the formation of the past tense of the II and III forms of the verb does not occur according to the usual rules, when the ending -ed is added to the word, but is formed according to special rules that need to be known by heart - come - came - come. The main meaning of the verb come is come, arrive, arrive.
- We are closed, come tomorrow. - We are closed, Come Tomorrow.
But depending on the context, it can acquire variable shades of meaning, the translation of which cannot be translated by an online dictionary.
Join
- We'll go for a walk. Do you want t o come ? - We're going for a walk. Want join?
Reach, take a position
- If Alex comes first, he‘ ll win a grand for study. – If Alex will take first place (comes first), he will win a training grant.
To be a consequence, to attack(after something)
- The rainbow almost always comes after the rain, when it‘ s sunny. – A rainbow almost always appears (comes) after rain, when it is sunny.
To be available, to be available
- The dress comes in red, green and blue. –Dress available V red, green And blue flowers.
get around, stand
- This flat comes much expensive, we can not allow it now. - This apartment it will cost too expensive, we can't afford it now.
In addition, there are more than 30 combinations that produce phrasal verbs with adverbs and prepositions, and which can take on the most unexpected meanings. Exercises will help you determine the specific meaning of the phrase.
The phrasal verb come is one of the most difficult to learn, because, depending on the verbal environment, it can take on a lot of meanings: from get sick(come down with ) before come up with anything ( come up with ).
Let’s look at the most popular combinations “verb + adverb” and “verb + preposition”, which will help you learn to understand your interlocutor when communicating. Next, do strengthening exercises.
COME ABOUT
To appear, to arise
- The idea traveling around the world came about when I saw the beauty of the nature of my own country. –Idea travel around peace arose , When I saw beauty nature own countries.
COME ACROSS
Accidentally meet, stumble upon
- I came across this book by chance, but it changed all my life. –I accidentally I stumbled on this book, But she changed all mine life.
To be understood, to be perceived
- It was very difficult to come across his mind. –Was Very difficult his understand .
To make an impression, to appear
- He comes across as handsome and kind man, but it‘ s just a mask which hides his true face. - He Seems a sweet and kind person, but this is just a mask that hides his true face.
convey, express(thoughts, ideas)
- Can you come across clearer? –You you can express yourself clearer?
- I don't always come across with consistency.– I don’t always express my thoughts consistently.
Fork out, be generous
In this meaning, phrasal verbs come + across used colloquially when talking about money.
- Do you want this dress? Come across! You can't deprive yourself of such pleasure. –You Want This dress? Fork out ! You can't deprive yourself of such pleasure.
COME AFTER
Ppursue
- The murderer came across him from the station, waiting a perfect moment to attack. –Murderer pursued his from stations, waiting ideal moment For attacks.
COME ALONG
Accompany someone , keep company
- I‘ m going to meet with Tim, come along with me. - I'm going to meet Tim, make up to me company.
get better, get better
- Doctor said that I come along , so I can get back to work. - The doctor said that I I'm getting better, so I can get back to work.
The verb is used colloquially to mean good, stop, that's enough.
- Oh, come along! – Enough for you.
COME APART
Rcollapse, fall apart
- The house came apart at the seams. –House was falling apart on eyes.
COME AROUND
Come in, come in
- Next week I‘ ll be in London and try to come around to Susan. - I'll be in London next week and try stop by to Susan.
advance, take place
- The day of wedding came around so quickly, that I even had not time to recognize my decision. –Day weddings arrived So fast, What I even Not managed realize yours solution.
Change your mind
- John came around after conversation with Sally. –John changed solution after conversation With Sally.
synonym: change one's mind
The phrasal verb come around is also used in maritime vocabulary to mean “ turn right." In the modified form come round/ to is used to mean come to life(after fainting, illness).
- Katy couldn't‘ t came round after Harry‘ s death for a long time. – Katie couldn’t for a long time recover after Harry's death.
COME BACK
Come back
- Come back soon, I‘ ll miss you. – Come back rather, I will miss you.
COME BETWEEN
Interfere(about relationships)
Never come between lovers, you‘ ll be bad anyway. - Never interfere in a relationship between lovers, you will be bad in any case.
COME BY
Get it
- Don‘ t you know where the cheapest tickets come by ? – You don’t know where you can get it cheapest tickets?
Come in
The meaning came from the design-Americanism. More used in conversational form. Can be used as a synonym for come around.
- I made cakes by mom’s recipe. Would you like come by ? – I baked cupcakes according to my mother’s recipe. Do not want come in?
COME DOWN
To go down(from the top floor, tree, mountain)
- Kids, come down. The dinner is waiting for you. –Children, come down . Dinner is waiting for you.
decrease
- I always buy shoes at the end of the season when the prices come down. – I Always I'm buying shoes V end season, When prices decrease .
Fall
- The old tree came down from wind in the central square, but no one hurts. - Old tree fell from the wind in the central square, but no one was injured.
COME DOWN WITH
Zget sick
- Many children came down with flu this autumn. –Many children got sick flu this in autumn.
COME DOWN ON
Criticize, condemn
- Don't dare come down on me! –Not dare condemn me!
COME FORWARD
Intercede, protect, give information
- He asked about help, but nobody wanted to come forward . - He asked for help, but no one wanted speak up in defense.
COME FROM
To occur, to be born
- Nick comes from Greece. – Nick originally from from Greece.
COME IN
To come in
- Come in and take your sit. –Come in and take your place.
Come in power
- They came in to develop our company. - They came to power to develop the company.
COME OF
To be a result, to follow from something
- Don't give up. I think something good will come of it. - Do not give up. I think from this it will work out something good.
COME OFF
Peel off, fall off
- It's time to change the wallpaper. It comes off . - It's time to change the wallpaper. They peel off.
COME ON
To advance, to approach
- The winter comes on. We must think how to pay for the flat. –Winter approaching . We have to think about how to pay for the apartment.
Move forward, make progress
- How does the work on your thesis coming on? – How progressing Job above yours dissertation?
Also a combination Come on! used colloquially to mean come on, do it, decide, quickly etc.
COME OUT
Go out, go out, be in public
- I'll be soon. I'm come out. – I soon will. I I'm going out.
Go out, realize yourself, publish(about a book, TV series, album)
- I’m waiting when the new season “Game of Thrones” comes out. – I I am waiting, When will come out new season « Games thrones».
COME OVER
Leave, move(to another country)
- Maggie came over to Italy many years ago. –Maggie moved V Italy a lot of years that.
To be perceived, to make an impression
- No one could came over him what he was. - No one could perceive him the way he was.
COME THROUGH
endure, endure, pass(through something)
- She came through the loss and disappointment, how could she believe in the light future after that? –She survived losses And disappointment, How she could believe V light future after this?
COME TOGETHER
Unite
- The best way to get a win – come together. – Best way win – unite .
COME UP
Rise, increase
- The world ocean level is coming up because of global warming. –World sea level rises due to global warming.
Rise, stand on your feet
- He came up very quickly. –He got up very fast.
Be mentioned
- Dr. Smith, it’s an honor for us to meet you. We came up about your works yesterday. – Doctor Smith, it is an honor for us to meet with you. We mentioned your work yesterday.
Approach(about the event)
- The storm is coming up. We need to hurry up. –Storm approaching . We need to hurry up.
COME UP AGAINST
confront, confront
- When it seems that you come up against with insuperable difficulties, remember the way that you already went through. It‘ ll help you to find strength. – When it seems that you collided with insurmountable obstacles, remember what you have already been through. This will help you find strength.
COME UP WITH
Come up with(something)
- Good job, Den! You come up with a great idea. –good Job, Dan! You submitted great idea.
COME UNDER
Be subjected to(attack, criticism, pressure)
- All our actions come under cruel criticism of jealous people. - All our actions are exposed harsh criticism from envious people.
The manager really came down on him for losing the contract. – The manager is tough on him “smashed” for losing his contract.
- Come down to something - come down to something.
It all comes down to a question of who tries the hardest. - All comes down to to the question of who tries the hardest.
It all comes down to money in the end. - Everything in the end comes down to to money.
- Come down with something - catch a disease, get sick (usually about a not very dangerous disease).
She came down with flu. - She I'm sick flu.
- Come from – to be from somewhere (usually about one’s native country).
She comes from China. - She from China.
Where do you come from? – Where You?
- Come into – inherit (money, property).
She came into a lot of money when her grandmother died. - She inherited a lot of money when her grandmother died.
- Come off
1) Fall off
One of the wagon wheels came off. – One of the cart wheels fell off.
2) Go according to plan, work out, work out
- Come off better / worse / badly / well - come out of a scrape, fight, quarrel in a certain state, especially when there is a comparison with another participant.
The smaller dog actually came off better, with only a few scratches. – The dog is actually smaller got off lighter, received only a few scratches.
I always come off worse when we argue. - When we quarrel, I always I'm going out out of a quarrel with greater losses.
- Come out
1) Go out (about a film, book, etc.), publish.
The movie is coming out this summer. - Movie comes out this summer.
His new book came out in September. – His new book came out in September.
2) To be revealed, to become clear, to become known (about a secret, a hidden fact).
It came out that he had been lying all the time. – It revealed that he was lying all this time.
The details of the scandal came out in the press and she had to resign. – Details of the scandal opened up in the press, and she had to resign.
- Come over - come to someone (usually home).
Come over for dinner. – Come in(to me) for lunch.
She texted me: “ Come over! Nobody is home!” “She wrote to me: “ Come to me! Nobody is at home!"
Come over here. – Come over here.
- Come round
1) Visit, come to someone.
Would you like to come round for dinner? - Would you like to come in lunch today?
What day does the garbage man come round? - What day? comes garbage man?
2) Gain consciousness.
The woman who fainted came round after we splashed a little water on her face. - A woman who fainted recovered after we splashed some water on her face.
3) Change your mind, change your mind, agree with someone.
My mother was opposed to my moving so far away but she came round in the end. – My mother was against me moving so far, but in the end changed my mind.
He's a reasonable man. I knew he'd come round eventually. - He is a reasonable person. I knew that he will change his mind.
- Come up against something - to face something difficult: problems, opponent, objections, etc.
How people act when they come up against a problem says a lot about their character. - The way people behave facing with a problem says a lot about their character.
They came up against a lot of opposition to their plans for an out-of-town supermarket construction. - They collided with many protests against their plans to build a suburban supermarket.
- Come up to - be chest, shoulder, etc. tall.
She comes up to my shoulder - She's up to my shoulder.
- Come up with something - find a solution, propose a plan
- Come off it!- an expression of distrust of what was said, disagreement: “Come on, stop it, stop it.”
Come off it! Tell me the truth! – Stop it! Tell me the truth!
Ask Simon to cook the meal? Come off it, he can hardly boil an egg! – Should I ask Simon to prepare a dish? Come on, he can barely boil an egg.
- Come on!
1) A call to action, an encouraging call: “Come on!”
Come on, don’t give up now when you’re so close to finishing. – Let's, don't give up when you're so close to finishing.
2) “Stop it \ Come on.” Usually pronounced with an emphasis on “on” and a drawl: “Come ooon”, as in “Yes ok”.
– You told him you’re moving tomorrow. Are you really going to move? “You told him you were moving tomorrow.” Are you really moving?
– Oh, come on! I just needed to get rid of him. - Yes, okay! I just needed to get rid of it.
- Come in handy- will come in handy.
Take a lighter. It will come in handy in a cave . - Take a lighter, she will come in handy In a cave.
My laptop comes in handy when I have to work in a library. - My laptop comes in handy when I have to work in the library.
- Come into use – start using.
The computerized system came into use at the end of last year. – Computerized system started to be used at the end of last year.
Gas stations did not come into usebefore 1850. – Gas stations not used before 1850.
- How come?- “How so?”, “Why?” Used in informal conversation to find out the reason for something.
The “how come” construction is used in two ways:
1. As part of an interrogative sentence: How come + statement.
How come you got invited and I didn’t? – How so(why) were you invited and I wasn’t?
How come did you miss your train? – How so(why) did you miss your train?
It may surprise you that the sentences in the examples above are not built according to the rules. The fact is that the colloquial phrase 'how come' is a shortened version of 'how did\does\has it come that' (how did it happen that), so somewhere, so to speak, deep down, these sentences are built according to the rules grammar: 'How did it come that you missed your train?'
2. As a reaction to the statement: “How is this?”, “Why?”
– I haven’t watched a football game all year. – I haven’t watched football all year.
– How come? – How so?(Why?)
- Come clean (with someone) (about something)- confess, speak frankly, tell the truth.
I felt it was time to comeclean and tell her what the doctor had told me. – I felt it was time admit and tell her what the doctor told me.
I want you to come clean with me about your financial status. - I want you to spoke to me frankly about your financial situation.
- Come hell or high water / Come rain or shine / Come what may- at all costs, no matter what happens.
Come rain of shine, I'll come back for you. – No matter what happens, I'll come back for you.
I'll be there tomorrow, come hell or highwater. - I'll be there tomorrow no matter what happens.
I'll be home for the holidays, come whatmay. - I'll be home for the holidays, no matter what happens.
- If worst comes to worst / ‘If the worst comes to the worst- in the worst case scenario.
If worst comes to worst and the hotels are full, we can sleep in the car. – In the worst case, if there are no rooms in hotels, we can spend the night in the car.
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Phrasal verb COME: usage options, exercise with answers.
The phrasal verb COME is most often followed by the following words:
– across
– down with
– into
– out
– over
– up with
Select the right word to insert.
Exercise Hint Answer
1. Alan came ____ a mysterious map in his grandmother’s attic.
2. It was Bill who came ____ the idea of going into the haunted house.
3. After getting caught in the rain, Jane came ____ a terrible cold.
4. Stephen King's new book has just come ____.
5. As soon as I stepped into the creepy house, a strange feeling came ____ me.
6. We came ____ a beautiful antique table at the flea market.
7. Why don’t you come ____ tonight? We're having pizza.
8. The symptoms show that you’re coming ____ the flu.
9. They come ____ at least once a week for a visit.
10. The class came ____ some great games for the party.
11. She came ____ a large inheritance and bought a house.
12. He couldn’t come ____ a good excuse for being late.
13. I came ____ some good bargains in the market.
14. Why don’t you come ____ to our place when you finish work?
15. He was able to start his own business when he came ____ some money.
16. Oh dear! I think I’m coming ____ a cold.
come across - accidentally bump into
come down with – to get sick with something
come into – receive an inheritance
come out – speak (in public)
come over – take over (about a feeling); come in, visit
come up with – offer (an idea)
1. Alan came across a mysterious map in his grandmother’s attic. – Alan came across a mysterious map in his grandmother’s attic.
2. It was Bill who came up with the idea of going into the haunted house. “It was Bill who came up with the idea of going to a haunted house.”
3. After getting caught in the rain, Jane came down with a terrible cold. “Caught in the rain, Jane came down with a terrible cold.
4. Stephen King's new book has just come out. – Stephen King’s new book has just come out.
5. As soon as I stepped into the creepy house, a strange feeling came over me. “As soon as I entered this terrible house, a strange feeling took possession of me.
6.We came across a beautiful antique table at the flea market. – At a flea market, we accidentally came across a beautiful antique table.
7.Why don't you come over tonight? We're having pizza. - Why don't you come over this evening? We have pizza.
8. The symptoms show that you're coming down with the flu. – The symptoms indicate that you have the flu.
9.They come over at least once a week for a visit. – They come in at least once a week.
10. The class came up with some great games for the party. – The class suggested some great games for the party.
11. She came into a large inheritance and bought a house. “She received a large inheritance and bought a house.
12. He couldn't come up with a good excuse for being late. He couldn't think of a good excuse for being late.
13. I came across some good bargains in the market. – I accidentally came across several profitable offers on the market.
14.Why don't you come over to our place when you finish work? “Why don’t you come see me when you finish work.”
15. He was able to start his own business when he came into some money. – He was able to start his own business when he inherited some money.
16. Oh dear! I think I'm coming down with a cold - Expensive! I think I'm getting a cold.
