Exist standard requirements and the rules under which the transportation of heavy and oversized cargo is carried out. SDA clearly regulate the features of their transportation on roads located on the territory Russian Federation.

What is oversized cargo?

Any object to be transported, with parameters exceeding the dimensions established by traffic rules, is called oversized (heavy) cargo. It does not have a clear definition and consists of a number of requirements that apply to the loading platform and the condition of the road surface.

The main parameters of cargo are height, length, width and weight. If an object exceeds the allowable values in one of these indicators, it is considered to be an oversized cargo.

The difficulties of oversized transportation are primarily related to the peculiarities of the roads and the presence of tunnels and bridges along the route, which have restrictions on the height of arches and driveways, as well as the carrying capacity. This also includes the intersections available on the roads with railway crossings, as well as the presence of communication lines and power lines. Transportation may still be limited by weather conditions and the type of road surface.

Some types of agricultural special equipment, boats and yachts, drilling rigs, turbines, concrete products and other objects of various shapes, sizes and large masses can serve as an example of oversized cargo. Thus, any object can be considered oversized if, due to the peculiarities of its shape, size, weight and other parameters, it cannot be transported in a closed vehicle (for example, using containers of standard sizes).

Rules for the transportation of oversized cargo

According to paragraph 23.3 of the traffic rules, transportation of oversized and heavy cargo, if they do not affect the quality of the driver's view, do not impair the stability of the vehicle, do not block the visibility of reflectors, identification marks and lighting devices.

Oversized cargo should not create noise, impair visibility on the roadway for other road users by raising dust, cause mechanical damage to the road surface, and also have a negative impact on the environment.

Paragraph 23.4 of the SDA states that if the object being transported exceeds the size of the transport platform by more than 1 m in front and behind, as well as by 0.4 m on one or each of its sides, the cargo must be equipped with a special reflective sign " Oversized cargo.

Important: transportation of oversized items in conditions of insufficient lighting or at night is permitted only if the following conditions are met: a white reflector or a lantern must be fixed on the front of the object, and a red reflector at the back. In addition, the vehicle must be equipped with orange and yellow flashing beacons.

When transporting oversized cargo by road, the speed of the vehicle must not exceed 60 km/h (when driving on bridges - 15 km/h). At the same time, the driver does not have the right to independently change the route, which is agreed in advance with government agencies. This is due to the load that the main routes, roads and structures located on a certain route can withstand.

Cargoes, depending on their weight and size indicators, are conventionally divided into 2 categories (taking into account the vehicle) - with a load on each axle and permissible dimensions (length, width, height). Thus, a car platform is considered a heavy load if its mass or axle load exceeds the established values. Oversized cargo is such transport (regardless of whether it is loaded or not), the dimensions of which exceed the allowable dimensions.

The instruction of the Ministry of Internal Affairs and the Ministry of Transport of the Russian Federation today regulates the transportation of oversized cargo and is the main regulatory document that allows their transportation by road. At the same time, any objects belonging to the category of heavy and oversized cargo are allowed for transportation subject to strict compliance with the traffic rules of the Russian Federation, transportation rules, as well as special requirements that are specified in the relevant permit.

An important regulatory document regulating the procedure for compensating for damage caused to roads and various structures by freight vehicles is Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation No. 962 dated September 29, 1995. Its provisions apply to transport companies and drivers transporting heavy and oversized cargo by road, located on the territory of Russia.

Important: For the transportation of oversized items, the owners of transport companies need to obtain a special permit. This can be done by submitting an application to the relevant road authorities, which are located in the region from where the truck route is planned. To obtain a permit for the transportation of oversized items of all categories outside the Russian Federation, an application must be submitted to the Ministry of Transport of Russia or to any of its divisions. If the route passes through the roads federal significance, with the corresponding application, you should contact the Federal Highway Administration Service. In order to obtain a permit for the transportation of heavy and oversized objects along the route that runs along the roads belonging to the constituent entities of the Russian Federation, you must contact the territorial authorities of the roads (at the location of the carrier's vehicles).

According to the Instructions for the transportation of oversized and heavy cargo, an application from carriers is submitted in a strictly prescribed form. It must contain the following information:

data on organizations coordinating the transportation of oversized items;
the exact dimensions, category and nature of the cargo being transported;
weight and size indicators of the vehicle;
terms of transportation of oversized items of certain categories;
detailed itinerary;
type, name, purpose and throughput of highways.

A permit for the transportation of oversized cargo can be issued by government agencies on a one-time basis or for a specified period. It depends on the category to which the objects to be transported belong, as well as on the type and features of their transportation. The received one-time permit indicates the exact route of the transport with the cargo, the terms agreed in advance. It is valid only once.

As for the documents issued for a certain period, they allow the transportation of oversized cargo of the first category and can be valid for 1-3 months. In order to obtain a permit for the transportation of heavy and oversized cargo of the second category, the trucking company must submit schemes:

road trains with depicted vehicles taking part in the transportation;
location of axles and wheels on vehicles;
distribution of axial loads.

The carrier company receives permission in government bodies road management, which also coordinate the transportation of oversized items along the route with the balance holders of communications and various structures (overpasses, metro, underground pipelines, power lines, etc.), authorized bodies of the constituent entity of the Russian Federation, as well as regional departments of railways.

After obtaining the appropriate permission, coordination of transportation with the traffic police of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia is required. It is mandatory to agree on the requirements for the transportation of oversized goods to ensure traffic safety. The carrier must obtain a special type pass from the traffic inspectorate, which gives the right to carry out transportation, which should be placed on the windshield of the truck.

Without fail, representatives of the road inspectorate determine the need for escorting oversized and heavy cargo. For this can be used:

traffic police patrol cars;
tractors;
cover cars.

Please note that cover vehicles are used to escort cargo without fail if the vehicle width exceeds 3.5 m, and also if the road train used to transport oversized cargo is more than 24 m in length. Tractors and cover vehicles must be allocated for the transportation of oversized cargo by the carrier company or the consignor of the cargo.

The traffic police patrol car takes part in the transportation of cargo if the vehicle is wider than 4 m, the length of the road train is more than 30 m, and the object being transported belongs to the second category. This should also include cases when the used automobile cargo platform is forced to occupy part of the road in the oncoming traffic lane.

Oversized cargo is escorted by patrol cars on a contractual basis. When using cover vehicles, the latter must be equipped with flashing beacons without fail. Such cars move at a distance of 15-20 m to the left in relation to the escorted transport that carries the goods, so that the width of its dimensions protrudes beyond the width of the escorted vehicle.

If you have to move across the bridge, the position of the vehicles and the distance must also be agreed with the traffic police, drawing up a specific driving pattern.

Important: if due to a number of circumstances it became necessary to change the route when transporting oversized cargo, the carrier company is obliged to obtain an appropriate permit.

Owners of motor transport enterprises, officials and drivers for violation of the rules for the transportation of goods and the operation of vehicles, which are established by manufacturers, are liable in accordance with the current legislation of the Russian Federation.

Permissible cargo dimensions for transportation by road

Transportation of heavy and non-standard cargo according to traffic rules is carried out by special vehicles. The oversized weight must not exceed the allowable values set by the manufacturers. various kinds TS. As for the dimensions of the transported goods, they should not limit the visibility of the driver and not interfere with the control of the vehicle.

So, if the cargo protrudes beyond the limits of the vehicle, it must be marked with a special sign "Oversized cargo", and in the absence of the latter - with patches of red or white fabric, lanterns or reflectors.

For trucks

Transportation of extraordinary cargo exceeding any of the established standard parameters, is carried out according to the rules with the help of oversized transport. So, for objects transported by trucks, the following allowable dimensions:

length - 22 m;
height - 4 m;
width - 2.65 m;
weight - 40 tons.

If necessary, from the rear side of the vehicle, the length of the transported cargo can be increased up to 2 m, while the presence of identification marks is a prerequisite for transportation.

For cars

If the load exceeds the length passenger car by 1 m and a width of 0.4 m, it must also be marked with a special sign or a piece of red cloth. When transporting at night, an additional lamp or sign made of reflective material should be installed. It is forbidden to transport cargo, the height of which (from the level of the road) exceeds 4 m, and its weight is the values set by the vehicle manufacturer.

Sign "Oversized cargo" - dimensions

The identification mark indicating the transportation of oversized cargo by road vehicles is called "Oversized cargo". SDA defines the dimensions of this sign, which looks like a square with a side length of 0.4 m. Inside it there are white and red stripes alternating under a certain slope, the width of which is 50 mm (GOST R12.4.026-2001).
This sign must be applied to oversized cargo. It can be purchased or made independently in the form of a sticker or pattern from reflective materials.

Oversize fine

According to Art. 12.21 SDA in case of violation of the rules for transporting goods, the driver can be punished in the form of a warning or fined 500 rubles. This can happen if there is no special sign, the transported object is not securely fixed on the vehicle, the cargo makes a lot of noise or dust. These penalties apply to owners of vehicles carrying goods that do not require a special permit.

If a vehicle carrying an extraordinary load exceeds the permissible dimensions by no more than 10 cm in the absence of a special permit, or if the dimensions have a value not exceeding the parameters specified in the permit by 10 cm, or if the axle load of the vehicle exceeds the parameters specified in the permit from 2 to 10%, this entails the imposition of an administrative fine. For drivers, its size is 1-1.5 thousand rubles, for officials - 10-15 thousand rubles, for legal entities - 100-150 thousand rubles. If the above violations are recorded technical means photo and video filming, the owner of a trucking company can be fined 150 thousand rubles.

If the dimensions of the vehicle exceed fixed dimensions by 0.1 m (but not more than 0.2 m), as well as if its mass or axle load exceeds the allowable value by 10% (but not more than 20%) without an appropriate permit, the following fines are provided: for drivers - 3-4 thousand rubles, for officials - 25-30 thousand rubles, for legal entities - 250-300 thousand rubles. In the case of photo or video recording, the owner of the vehicle will be fined 300 thousand rubles.

If the dimensions of the vehicle are exceeded by 20 to 50 cm, and also if the mass or axle load exceeds the permissible by 20-50% without special permission, the following fines are provided. Drivers - 5-10 thousand rubles or deprivation of the right to drive a vehicle for a period of 2 to 4 months. Officials responsible for the transportation of oversized items can be fined 35-40 thousand rubles, legal entities - from 350 to 400 thousand rubles. In case of photo or video recording of violations, the fine will be 400 thousand for legal entities.

If the dimensions of the vehicle exceed the allowable values by 50 cm, as well as if its mass or axle load is more than 50% of the designated norm with the appropriate permit, the driver will be fined 7-10 thousand rubles or deprived of their rights for a period of 4 to 6 months . For officials, a fine of 45-50 thousand rubles is provided, and for legal entities - 400-500 thousand rubles (500 thousand in case of photo or video recording of violations).

If the consignor provides inaccurate data on the dimensions, weight, route of transportation of the cargo, and also does not indicate the number and date of the special permit, penalties for drivers will amount to 1-1.5 thousand rubles. The fine for officials is 15-20 thousand rubles, for legal entities - 200-300 thousand rubles.

If the permissible weight, the load on the axle of the vehicle, as well as the dimensions exceed the values \u200b\u200bspecified in the permit, individual entrepreneurs or legal entities will be punished in the form of penalties. For individual entrepreneurs, their amount will be 80-100 thousand rubles, for carrier companies - 250-400 thousand rubles.

In case of non-compliance with the requirements of prescriptive road signs that prohibit the movement of vehicles whose mass or axle load does not correspond to those specified, an administrative fine will amount to 5 thousand rubles.

When is it not allowed to transport oversized goods by road?

There are certain situations in which the transportation of heavy and oversized cargo is not allowed. The rules for the transportation of oversized cargo prohibit:

exceed the established speed of movement of vehicles;
independently change the established route;
transport cargo in icy conditions;
transport oversized items without permits and passes;
to move along the road shoulders without a special permit;
stop vehicles on roads in violation of traffic rules;
carry out the transportation of goods on a faulty vehicle.

Carriers are obliged to strictly comply with the rules for the transportation of oversized and heavy cargo. This will avoid paying considerable fines, ensure the safety of road users and the quality of delivery.

FEDERAL ROAD SERVICE
RUSSIA

VEHICLE,
PUBLIC ROADS

Moscow, 1999

FEDERAL ROAD SERVICE OF RUSSIA
(FDS of Russia)

ORDER

Moscow

On approval of the norms "Maximum weights and dimensions of vehicles operated on highways common use»

In order to ensure traffic safety, reliability and safety of public roads and road structures, taking into account their bearing capacity and carrying capacity I ORDER: 1 . Approve the attached norms "Maximum weights and dimensions of vehicles operated on public roads", agreed with the Ministry of Transport of Russia and the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia. 2. The Department for ensuring the safety of roads of the FDS of Russia (Sorokin S.F.) together with the Legal Department of the FDS of Russia (Enikeev Sh.S.) to agree in in due course with interested ministries and departments and submit until June 1, 1999 for approval to the leadership of the FDS of Russia "Rules for the passage of heavy and (or) large-sized vehicles on public roads" and "Instructions on the procedure for compensating for damage caused by heavy vehicles when driving on public roads". 3 . To impose control over the execution of this order on the deputy head of the FDS of Russia Urmanov I.A. Head V.G. Artyukhov

FEDERAL ROAD SERVICE
RUSSIA

MAXIMUM WEIGHTS AND DIMENSIONS
VEHICLE,
OPERATING ON VEHICLES
PUBLIC ROADS

Moscow, 1999

1 . General provisions

1.1. The provisions set forth in these standards relate to the mass and dimensions of vehicles permitted for use in the Russian Federation on public roads, established based on the requirements for ensuring road safety, reliability and safety of roads and road structures, taking into account their bearing capacity and load capacity. The following restrictions on the weight and dimensions of vehicles do not apply to the production of vehicles, the requirements for which are established by other standards and norms. 1.2. Vehicles or parts thereof that form part of combined vehicles, the dimensions, as well as the total mass and axle load of which do not exceed the values established by sections 3, 4 and 5 of these standards, are allowed to travel on federal and territorial public roads. For other highways designed and built for loads less than those specified in Sections 3, 4 and 5, the owners of roads may set other (lower) maximum values for the mass of vehicles, for federal highways - by the Federal Road Service of Russia, for territorial roads roads - by the executive authorities of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation, for municipal highways - by local governments. Decisions to reduce the dimensions and weights of vehicles listed below are based on the results of a road survey and may be permanent or temporary. At the same time, the body that made such a decision is obliged, in accordance with the established procedure, to install appropriate traffic signs on the highway or its section, where additional restrictions on the mass and size of vehicles are introduced and inform road users about this. 1.3. A vehicle and its part forming a combined vehicle, the mass and/or axle load of which and/or the size of which exceed the maximum values established by these standards, may travel on roads only if there are special permits issued in the prescribed manner by the competent authorities. The movement of such vehicles on roads is carried out in accordance with the "Instructions for the transportation of bulky and heavy goods by road on the roads of the Russian Federation", approved by the Ministry of Transport of Russia 27. 05.96 1.4. In addition to the limit values of the total mass and axle loads established by these requirements, the mass of the transported cargo and the distribution of the load along the axles must not exceed the values \u200b\u200bestablished by the manufacturer for a particular vehicle. 1.5. For the purposes of these standards, the following concepts and definitions are used: Vehicle - a device designed for the carriage of goods and passengers on roads; Truck - a vehicle designed and built exclusively or primarily for the carriage of goods; Tractor - a vehicle designed and built exclusively or primarily for towing a trailer or semi-trailer; Trailer - a vehicle designed for the carriage of goods by towing by a tractor or truck; Semi-trailer - specially equipped for the carriage of goods, designed to be connected to a tractor in such a way that a part of this vehicle is located directly on the tractor and transfers a significant proportion of its weight to it; Road train - a combined vehicle consisting of a truck and a trailer; Articulated vehicle - a combined vehicle consisting of a tractor, articulated with a semi-trailer; Bus - a vehicle designed to carry passengers and their luggage, with more than nine seats, including a driver's seat; Articulated bus- a bus consisting of two or more rigid sections connected to each other and having a passenger compartment in each section, allowing passengers to move freely from one compartment to another; Combined vehicle- combination of a truck, consisting of a truck connected to a semi-trailer; The maximum length, width and height of the vehicle - length, width and height of the vehicle with or without cargo, not exceeding the values specified in section 3 of these standards; Maximum linear parameters of the vehicle - linear parameters not exceeding the values specified in section 3 of these standards; Maximum vehicle weight- the mass of the vehicle with or without cargo, which does not exceed the values specified in section 4 of these standards; - mass transmitted through the axle of the vehicle to the surface of the road, not exceeding the standard value; Indivisible cargo- cargo which, when transported by road, cannot be divided into two or more parts without undue cost or risk of deterioration and which, when loaded on a vehicle, would exceed its maximum dimensions and mass; Air suspension- a suspension system in which the damping element is air; Cart- two or more axles having a common suspension to the vehicle; single axle- an axle of a vehicle located at a distance of more than 1.8 m from the nearest axle of this vehicle; close axes- axes (two or more) of the vehicle, located at a distance between them of less than 1.8 m.

2. Measuring the mass and dimensions of vehicles

2.1. Vehicle length is measured in accordance with ISO 612-1978 clause 6.1. However, when measuring length in accordance with the provisions of this standard, the following devices mounted on the vehicle are not taken into account: glass cleaner and mudguards; front and side marking plates; devices for sealing and protective devices for them; devices for fixing tarpaulins and protective devices for them; electrical lighting equipment; rear view mirrors; devices for viewing the space behind the car; air tubes; length of valves and connectors for connection to trailers or swap bodies; steps for access to the body; lift for a note tire; lifting platforms, access steps and similar equipment not exceeding 200 mm in working position and designed in such a way that they cannot increase the vehicle's load limit; coupling devices for towing vehicles or trailers. 2.2. Vehicle height is measured in accordance with ISO 612-1978 paragraph 6.3. Moreover, when measuring the height, taking into account the provisions of this standard, the following devices mounted on the vehicle should not be taken into account: antennas; pantograph in raised position. For vehicles equipped with an axle lifting device, the effect of this device is taken into account. 2.3. Vehicle width is measured in accordance with ISO 612-1978 paragraph 6.2. When measuring the width of a vehicle, taking into account the provisions of this standard, the following devices mounted on a vehicle should not be taken into account: devices for seals and seals and protective devices for them; devices for fixing tarpaulins and protective devices for them; devices for identifying damage to tires ; protruding flexible parts of mudguards; Lightning equipment; steps in working position, suspended platforms and similar equipment which, in working position, do not exceed 10 mm on each side of the vehicle and facing forward or backward, the corners of which are rounded with a radius of at least 5 mm, and the edges of which are rounded with a radius of at least 2 .5 mm; rearview mirrors; tire pressure indicators; retractable or retractable steps; the curved portion of a tire's surface that extends beyond its point of contact with the ground. 2.4. Axle mass of a vehicle is measured with a dynamic vertical load transmitted through a single axle to the road surface from a loaded vehicle. The measurement is carried out by special automobile scales that have passed certification in the prescribed manner. The axle weight of a bogie located on one suspension, taking into account the design of the vehicle, is determined as the sum of the measurements of the mass of each of the axles included in the bogie. 2.5. The total mass of a vehicle or part thereof forming part of a combined vehicle is determined as the sum of the measured masses of all axles of the vehicle or part thereof.

3 . Maximum dimensions and other vehicle parameters

The maximum dimensions of vehicles, taking into account the dimensions of swap bodies and containers for cargo, including containers, must not exceed the values given below. 3.1. Maximum length: truck - 12.00 m trailer - 12.00 m articulated vehicle - 16.5 m articulated bus - 18.00 m road train - 20.00 m 3.2. Maximum width: all vehicles - 2.50 m 3.3 . Maximum height - 4.00 m 3.4 . The maximum distance between the locking axle of the coupling device and the rear part of the semi-trailer must not exceed 12.00 m. 3.5. The maximum distance measured parallel to the longitudinal axis of the road train from the outer front point of the body or platform for placing the load behind the cab to the rear outer point of the trailer, minus the distance between the rear of the tractor and the front of the trailer, must not exceed 15.65 m. 3.6. The maximum distance, measured parallel to the longitudinal axis of the road train, from the outer front point of the body or platform for placing cargo behind the cab to the rear outer point of the semi-trailer must not exceed 16.40 m. 3.7. The load installed in the body of the vehicle must not protrude beyond the rear outer point of the vehicle or trailer by more than 2.00 m. 3.8. The distance between the rear axle of the truck and the front axle of the trailer must be at least 3.00 m. 3.9. The horizontally measured distance between the pivot point of the semi-trailer and any point of the front part of the semi-trailer shall not exceed 2.04 m. 3.10. Any vehicle, when moving, must be able to turn within the space limited by an outer radius of 12.50 m and an inner radius of 5.30 m. 3.11. The maximum distance between the locking pin of the hitch and the rear of the combination vehicle must not exceed 12.00 m.

4 . Regulatory total mass of vehicles*

* Regulatory total masses of vehicles must not be exceeded by more than 20%.

Table 4.1

Vehicle type		Regulatory total weight of the vehicle, t
	Trucks a) two-axle vehicle
	b) three-axle car
	d) a four-axle vehicle with two driving axles, each of which consists of two pairs of wheels and has an air or equivalent suspension
	Vehicles forming part of a combination vehicle (a) Two-axle trailer
	b) three-axle trailer
	Combined vehicles Articulated vehicles
	a) a two-axle tractor with a two-axle semi-trailer with a total base of 11.2 m or more
	b) a two-axle tractor with a three-axle semi-trailer with a total base of 12.1 m or more
	c) a three-axle tractor with a two-axle semi-trailer with a total base of 11.7 m or more
	d) a three-axle tractor with a three-axle semi-trailer with a total base of 12.1 or more
	e) a vehicle consisting of an 18-ton truck and a 20-ton semi-trailer if the vehicle has a drive axle consisting of twin wheels and is equipped with an air or equivalent suspension with a total wheelbase of 13.3 m or more
	Road trains a) a two-axle truck with a two-axle trailer with a total base of 12.1 m or more
	b) a two-axle truck with a three-axle trailer with a total base of 14.6 m or more
	c) a two-axle truck with a four-axle trailer with a total base of 16.5 m or more
	d) a three-axle truck with a two-axle trailer with a total base of 14.6 m or more
	e) a three-axle truck with a three-axle trailer with a total base of 15.9 m or more
	f) a three-axle truck with a four-axle trailer with a total base of 18 m or more
	Buses a) two-axle bus
	b) three-axle bus
	c) three-axle articulated bus
	d) four-axle articulated bus

5 . Regulatory axial loads of vehicles

Table 5.1.

Regulatory axial loads of vehicles *

* Axle loads of motor vehicles should not exceed the normative axle loads by more than 40%.

Vehicle axle types	Estimated axial load for which the pavement is designed, tf


	gable	lean-to
Single axles
double trailer axles, semi-trailers, drive axles of trucks and buses with distances between axles:



d) equal to or more than 1.8 m

Triple axles of trailers and semi-trailers with distances between axles:
a) more than 0.5 m, but less than 1.0 m
b) equal to or more than 1.0 m, but less than 1.3 m
c) equal to or more than 1.3 m, but less than 1.8 m
d) equal to or more than 1.8 m
- the same, when mounted on an air suspension or equivalent

5.8. The weight transmitted to the drive or drive axles of the vehicle or combination vehicle must not be less than 25% of the total weight of the vehicle or combination vehicle.

1. General Provisions. 2 2. Measurement of the mass and dimensions of vehicles. 3 3. Maximum dimensions and other parameters of vehicles. 4 4. Regulatory total mass of vehicles. 5 5. Regulatory axial loads of vehicles. 6

The maximum width of the transported cargo, height and weight must not only correspond to the dimensions of the vehicle, but also comply with the transportation rules approved by regulatory documents. For most cargo transportation, no approval is required, as the products fit comfortably in the back of a car of the appropriate size and carrying capacity. When transporting voluminous and heavy products, it is necessary to comply with established rules.

Traffic regulations for the carriage of goods

The traffic rules in force on the territory of the Russian Federation clearly define the maximum allowable dimensions of goods transported by road, as well as the mass and purpose of products. The owner of a truck, when performing a commercial flight or when using the equipment personally, must comply with the following requirements:

Each vehicle has a maximum allowable load per axle set by the manufacturer. These parameters must be respected under all conditions.
The dimensions of the width of the transported cargo, its length and height are not significant in case of poor installation and fastening of products in the car body. The driver is responsible for placing and fixing the goods.
Transportation of cargo must be carried out without restricting the driver's view, interfering with movement, including other vehicles.
The maximum length of the transported cargo must correspond to the size of the body. If the product protrudes more than a meter, a special designation is required. With a greater excess, the products fall under the category of large-sized and are indicated by special signs.
The permitted dimensions of the transported cargo in width and height are also strictly regulated.
Transportation of products that pose a danger to the public, or with overall parameters in width, height or length of 2.55 meters, 4 meters and 20 meters, respectively, falls under the category of oversized. In such cases, the rules provide for the issuance of a special permit.

The cargo taxi "Gazelkin" will carry out the transportation of any product, including large-sized ones. Our equipment fully complies with the requirements of the traffic police, and transportation is carried out with the necessary precautions.

Responsibility for exceeding the dimensions of the transported cargo or transportation conditions

Compliance with restrictions on the height of the transported cargo, the maximum permitted width and length is a prerequisite for each carrier. The cargo taxi "Gazelkin" is fully responsible for compliance with the requirements of regulatory documents and does not undertake work that does not comply with the rules of traffic rules.

The safety of cargo, road safety are the main criteria for this kind of work. The tolerance of the dimensions of the transported goods is checked by the police, and if the conditions are not met, penalties are imposed:

In the absence of a designation on the load protruding beyond the body.
If the transportation of bulky or oversized products is carried out without special permission or does not comply with the information in the document for any requirements.
Penalties apply if the maximum allowable axle load is exceeded.
Not allowed traffic violation drivers transporting products or items.
If the consignor has submitted incorrect information about the composition, weight and dimensions of the goods, sanctions are also imposed on him.
Not the dimensions of goods transported by road, transported in excess of the permissible mass of the car, lead to the removal of the car from the route.

When accepting an order, loading and fixing it in the body, it must be taken into account that the fine is imposed on the driver, officials and the owner of the transport company.

Basic rules for the transportation of oversized cargo

Maximum allowable height of the transported load from the ground or the permitted width of the transported load on the trailer, as well as the weight of the product are not the only criteria for high-quality and safe transportation. Freight taxi "Gazelkin" when accepting orders takes into account a large number of factors that allow you to perform the work as efficiently and rationally as possible.

Qualified employees know exactly how much length can be transported according to the rules, how to stack and fix various items in the body, and at what parameters a permit will be required. In order to avoid problems for the customer, the following requirements are met:

Heavier items are placed in the lower part of the body. This arrangement allows you to achieve greater stability of the vehicle, respectively, safety when driving.
Products are evenly placed in the body, and the gaps between the items are filled with soft pads, foam and other similar materials.
All products in the body are carefully fixed, and deviations from regular places are monitored during movement. In case of any suspicion, the products are fixed again.
To inform other road users, the sign "Oversized cargo" is posted on the extreme, protruding part. Available additional installation reflective elements.
When transporting special cargoes, an appropriate permit is issued.

It is allowed to use vehicles with an external and internal turning radius of not more than 12.5 and 5.3 meters, respectively.

In accordance with the accepted rules, the cargo is suitable for bulky if the total weight of the loaded equipment does not exceed 38 tons, and also if its length and width do not exceed 24 and 2.55 meters, respectively, and the height is 2.5 meters. In case of any deviation, the products are classified as oversized and require a special permit.

Contacting a Gazelkin cargo taxi is an opportunity to quickly and inexpensively resolve the issue of transporting any cargo, regardless of the distance of transportation. The presence of technically trained and serviceable machines of various carrying capacities, as well as professional employees guarantees the impeccable fulfillment of the application. The car will arrive at exactly the specified time to the desired address, and all related issues can be discussed with the manager, available by phone or e-mail.

Often in the process of transportation it is necessary to transport various oversized cargo. There is no clear definition in the SDA for this.

It is generally accepted that the cargo is oversized if it does not meet the requirements and exceeds the dimensions of the vehicle itself, as a result of which the risk of accidents increases. Therefore, oversize must be allocated in such a way that other road users can notice it from a long distance and take measures to ensure safety.

There are two main types of this type of cargo:

large-sized - exceeds the dimensions of the vehicle, may block part of the roadway;
heavy - its weight is greater than the maximum allowable weight that this vehicle can carry.

If we are talking about freight transportation, then oversized exceeds the following parameters:

its height is more than 2.5 m;
weighs from 38 tons;
length starts from 24 m;
width - from 2.55 m.

What is the penalty for non-compliance?

It should also be recalled that the administrative code provides for punishment for improper organization of transportation of oversized items without an appropriate permit.

In particular, article 12.12.1 part 1 of the Code of Administrative Offenses states that the driver will be forced to pay a fine of 2,500 rubles.
The official who authorized such transportation will be obliged to pay 15-20 thousand rubles.
And for a legal entity, liability is imposed in the form of 400-500 thousand rubles.

Under the same article, a driver may be deprived of his driver's license for up to six months.

Based on all these factors, the driver and the person in charge can receive not only a fine for oversized cargo, but also lose their rights. Therefore, it is necessary to study and strictly adhere to the rules for transporting oversized items, which are described in the SDA.

Bulky cargo sign

First of all, the vehicle is marked with a special sign "Oversized cargo". It is a metal plate with diagonal white and red lines. The size of the shield is 40x40 cm. It is also allowed to use stickers of the same size.

The surface of the plate must be reflective so that it is visible both in the daytime and at night.

In addition to this plate, any truck must be marked with the following signs:

road train;
bulky;
long length (Long Vehicle).

It is necessary to install this sign on those parts of the cargo that protrude above the roadway. Reflectors are also used. In the front they should be white color, in the back - red or orange.

Oversized - transportation by cars

You can often see how cars similarly to cargo transport oversized cargo protruding above the roadway. Drivers of passenger cars are also liable for violation of transportation rules, so they should be considered.

The following cargo is considered oversized:

protrudes more than one meter from behind or in front;
on the side - 40 or more centimeters.

If you are dealing with this type of transportation, then you must use the above plate (sign) and attach it directly to the protruding parts of the oversized cargo. At night, in addition to the sign for oversized cargo, use reflectors - white in front, red in back.

It is necessary to place the load in such a way that it does not block the driver's view, there is no risk of it slipping, and does not harm the road surface or auxiliary structures.

Please note that if the load protrudes from the back or front by more than 2 meters, and the total width exceeds 2.55 meters, then its transportation in passenger cars without special permission is prohibited. If an inspector stops you, then there is a high probability that an appropriate protocol will be issued and you will be deprived of your rights for up to six months.

Organization of transportation of oversized cargo

If massive objects are to be delivered by road, for example, heavy equipment or large agricultural machinery, you must take care in advance of obtaining permission from the regional department of the Ministry of Transport.

You will need to provide the following information:

metric parameters of the transported equipment;
the route along which the convoy will move;
quality certificates and additional documents confirming the characteristics of the cargo: dangerous, bulky, non-hazardous, and so on.

It may take up to 30 days to coordinate routes and obtain permission. The Ministry of Transport will analyze the route, and if it turns out that there are any communications along this route that interfere with travel (low bridges, overpasses, overhanging power lines, narrow sections road), the itinerary may be revised. It is possible that you will need to use another mode of transport, such as rail or sea.

In special cases, they can provide escort in the form of several patrol cars with flashing beacons orange color. They will not give any priority in traffic, but will warn other car owners of a potential threat.

If a convoy consisting of several long vehicles is moving, the following requirements must be met:

accompanying cars with flashing beacons in front and behind the column;
the distance between each unit of transport must ensure safety;
if dangerous goods are transported, the presence of another additional heavy vehicle will be required to transfer the cargo to it in case of unforeseen situations.

In conditions of poor visibility, all vehicles must be equipped with signal lights.

There are also such cases when transportation of oversized cargo may be refused:

it is possible to transport it in other ways - railway, air or sea transportation;
the cargo is divisible, that is, it can be disassembled without damage;
100% safety cannot be ensured, for example, if the route passes through populated areas or near dangerous sections of the road.

Well, the most important point- only technically sound vehicles are allowed to such works. Therefore, before starting, it is necessary to undergo a complete diagnosis, eliminate any malfunctions. Drivers also undergo a mandatory medical examination and observe work and rest regimes.

Russian legislation clearly regulates the permissible dimensions of a trailer and semi-trailer.

According to Russian legislation, the length of the trailer must be no more than 12 m, width - 2.55 m, and height - 4 m. This also applies to the dimensions of containers transported on trailers. The maximum allowable trailer body dimensions depend on the body type. So, the width of refrigerators and isothermal bodies is allowed no more than 2.60 m, all other types - 2.55 m. The length and height are the same for all types.

The total length of the road train is allowed no more than 18.75 m. In this case, the distance between the rear axle of the van and the front of the trailer must be 3 m or more.

The length of the semi-trailer is not specified separately and is calculated together with the length of the tractor. The total length of an articulated vehicle is allowed no more than 16.5 m. In this case, the distance between the locking axle and the rear of the semi-trailer must not exceed 12 m, and the distance from the fifth wheel coupling to the front of the semi-trailer must not exceed 2.04 m. Thus , the semi-trailer has allowable length about 13.6 m, the exact figure depends on the length of the tractor.

Trawls used to transport large equipment have big sizes compared to trailers and semi-trailers. The trawl can have a working platform up to 20 m long, but the driver must have a special permit.

Maximum trailer vehicle weights

According to the law, the permissible weight of the trailer depends on the number of axles. Two-axle trailers must be no heavier than 18 tons, three-axle - 24 tons.

The mass of articulated vehicles is also determined by the number of axles.

A two-axle tractor articulated with a semi-trailer on 2 axles must have a mass not exceeding 36 tons.
Two-axle tractor with a semi-trailer on 3 axles - 38 t.
The permissible mass of a three-axle tractor with a semi-trailer on 2 axles is 37 tons.
The maximum mass of a three-axle tractor with a trailer on 3 axles is 38 tons.

The permissible weight of the road train depends on the number of axles of the truck and trailer, the length of the total base and varies from 36 to 44 tons.

Dimensions of goods transported on trailers

Legislation determines not only the dimensions of trucks, but also the dimensions of the goods transported on them.

Loads transported in open bodies must have a height of no more than 4 m, taking into account the height of the wheels and the platform. Thus, low-bed trailers allow you to carry loads of greater height.

The length of the load must be equal to the length of the body. The permissible overhang of the cargo from the trailer is 2 m. If this indicator is violated, it is necessary to obtain a special permit for the transportation of oversized cargo. With an overhang of 1 to 2 m, a special permit is not required, it is enough to mark the overhanging part of the load with a red tape.

Purchase of trailers

You can buy new semi-trailers, trailers and trawls of different carrying capacity, as well as spare parts for them at the Spare Parts and Trailers Center. Products of the Chelyabinsk Machine-Building Plant car trailers high quality and competitive prices, and wide choose trailer equipment allows you to choose a model for any needs.