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Turning- copy machine woodworking - a machine that is widely used in factory woodworking to replicate products of a certain configuration corresponding to a given sample. This equipment allows you to process any parts with high accuracy and speed. However, production machines with their large dimensions will be difficult to locate in a small private workshop.

Copy equipment in woodworking

Many carpentry lovers, gradually expanding their tool base and improving their skills, come to the idea of assembling a copy lathe for wood with their own hands. After all, with the help of this device it is possible to make an exact copy of any piece of furniture and perform restoration work.

Note!
In most cases, of course, the main factor that encourages people to "reinvent the wheel" is the high price of a finished factory product.

The principle of operation on a wood copier is quite simple:

The workpiece of the required size is clamped in a horizontal position.
We start the device forcing the workpiece to rotate around its axis.
In turn, the movable cutter also removes excess wood, turning the blank into a product of the desired shape..

Structurally copier for lathe on wood is whole line parts connected to each other, so there will be something to work on.

Do-it-yourself equipment assembly at home

Lathe

In order to assemble a small wood copier with your own hands, you will need to make some effort and patience, as well as invest financially (about 7-7.5 thousand rubles). But this is many times less than the costs that await you if you purchase a ready-made option.

Machining on a lathe shaped surfaces on the copier is essentially no different from the processing of conical surfaces using a conical ruler. It is only necessary to replace the tapered ruler with a ruler with a curvilinear outline (Fig. 177), called a copier.

If you separate the lower part of the support from the transverse feed screw and then inform the carriage of the longitudinal movement, then the cutter will receive from the copier, along with the longitudinal movement, also the transverse movement. In this case, the cutter, turning the part, gives it a curved surface, the generatrix of which will correspond to the profile of the copier. This way of working is called copier work.

Fig 177 - Turning the shaped handle on the copier

On fig. 177 shows the turning of the shaped handle 1 with the help of a copier 3. The roller 4, fixed in the rod 2, performs a longitudinal movement together with the caliper. At the same time, it moves in a curved groove formed by two plates of the copier, and moves the cutter 5 in the transverse direction. The cutter follows the movement of the roller and thus reproduces on the part the surface profile of which corresponds to the profile of the copier.

Rice. 179. Turning the profile of the disk cam on the copier

For processing non-round parts such as disk cams, eccentrics, etc., a special mandrel 1 is used (Fig. 179), on which a copier 2, a bushing 3, a workpiece 4 and a washer 5 are installed, fixed with a nut 6. The profile of the copier is always made corresponding to the profile of the machined details.

The mandrel is inserted into the spindle bore with a tapered shank and tightened with a bolt. To turn the part, a holder with a roller 8 and a cutter 7 are fixed in the tool holder. The roller must be constantly pressed against the copier 2 and kept constantly pressed near it. To do this, the turner must disconnect the caliper with the cross feed screw, and install a roller with a spring instead of the screw. When the mandrel rotates, 1 roller will roll along the copier, and the cutter will process the part according to the profile of the copier.

Sometimes the shaped surfaces of parts are turned using a one-sided copier. In this case, the roller is pressed against the copier under the action of a spring or a load suspended on a cable behind the bed and moving along with the carriage.

On fig. 178 shows the copier 2 in the form of a finished, precisely machined part, fixed in the tailstock quill. In the support, in addition to the main cutter 7, a probe 3 is fixed, which should always touch the copier with its end. By manually combining the longitudinal and transverse feeds, the turner keeps the probe in contact with the copier all the time, and thanks to this, the cutter 1 reproduces on the part a surface corresponding to the profile of the copier. The tops of the probe and cutter must lie exactly at the height of the centers and have exactly the same shape in plan, otherwise the machined surface will be distorted.

Copy lathes are used to make many of the same parts, such as balusters for stair railings, fence posts, etc. You can make a functional design with your own hands, using devices that are unnecessary in the household.

Making a lathe

homemade lathe

The most primitive model of a lathe is made of conventional drill. But this is not the only solution. The main parts of the future device:

bed;
front and rear racks (headstock);
electric motor;
leading and slave centers;
tool stop.

The bed is the base for placing all the elements and mechanisms. Therefore, it is made of a thick bar of wood or metal. The headstock is securely fixed on the base, the part will be fixed on it. A device is placed in the front rack that transmits movement from the electric motor to the leading center and then to the part.

The rear post (headstock) moves along the guide on the frame, it holds the free end of the workpiece. An emphasis for the tool is placed between the grandmas. Grandmas must be located strictly along a single axis.

For a do-it-yourself machine, an electric motor with a power of 200 - 250 W, with a speed of no more than 1500, is suitable. If you plan to process large parts, a more powerful engine is required.

A faceplate is put on the electric motor pulley, which fixes large workpieces. The faceplate contains points on which the part is stuffed. The opposite end of the part is fixed with a corner.

To turn an ordinary lathe into a copier, an additional device is required - a copier.

The basis of the copier will be an unnecessary manual frezer. It is placed on a surface of 12 mm plywood, the size of the platform is 20 x 50 cm. Holes are made in the platform for fasteners and cutters, and stops are installed - bars for fixing the cutter. The router is placed between the clamps and secured with a pair of large nails.

The remote part of the site moves along the frame along the guide - the pipe. Its ends are fixed in wooden bars. The bars are attached to the frame with self-tapping screws. When fixing the pipe, use a level and align the axis of the pipe with the center of the machine. Before installation, a pair of bars with holes is put on the pipe, which easily move along the guide. A platform is attached to the bars, on which the milling cutter is placed.

The second important element is installed with your own hands directly on the lathe - a bar in a horizontal position, on which the templates will be attached. A beam of 7 x 3 cm is suitable; it is attached to vertical supports with self-tapping screws. Stands are screwed to the frame. The upper surface of the bar must clearly coincide with the axis of the machine.

When the copier is not in use, the bar is dismantled, the platform with the milling cutter is retracted and the machine turns into a conventional lathe.

The stop is made of thick plywood and is attached to working surface. In fact, the emphasis plays the role of a copier in this design. It is fixed vertically, to the end of the working surface it is fixed to a transition beam made of wood. The copier can be removed, it is installed on the stand with self-tapping screws. The stand must be fixed firmly, without the possibility of removal.

The templates are made of plywood, with the help of self-tapping screws they are screwed to the front surface of the bar. The top surface of the beam should be aligned with the axis of the template.

Cons of the proposed design

The working surface with a milling cutter has to be moved with both hands, since during operation it warps and jams;
enough to copy simple elements, for example, it is impossible to repeat the twisted patterns on the posts;
to move the cutter, it is more convenient to provide a screw gear;
and it is better to replace the cutter with a circular, such a device will turn out to be more versatile.

Videos demonstrating the operation of homemade lathes:

Wood lathe with copier: prices and specifications

Copy lathe for wood CL-1201

The CL-1201 machine is used in manufacturing industries, for turning rounded products with a diameter of up to 1200 mm and processing parts cylindrical shape. Opportunities for processing, clamps are provided: faceplate, chuck, centers.

Features of the lathe:

A heavy spindle is equipped with a device that controls the speed of rotation, which allows high-quality processing of workpieces based on the mass, dimensions, type of wood.
The spindle can change the direction of rotation, providing good handling wood of any density.
The control and adjustment of the lathe is carried out from a portable console, which, at the request of the user, can be placed on the front or rear column.
The stability of the machine is ensured by a bed made of steel, and the rear columns are made of cast iron. This achieves minimal vibration during operation and improves the quality of processing.
The base allows you to process workpieces up to 1270 mm long, and additional sections up to 1270 mm can be used to increase.
The mechanism for copying is included in the basic delivery, which greatly expands the possibilities.
The milling attachment allows you to produce longitudinal grooves along the entire length of the workpiece.
The mobile caliper moves over the entire surface of the part. The control is carried out by a flywheel. Depth of processing is regulated by the lever
With the help of the tailstock, the accuracy of processing long parts is increased.
The degree of protection of the machine is IP54, the engine is reliably protected from overheating and overload, and electronic parts from moisture and dust.

The standard package includes:

Copier and template holder.
Knife support 254 mm.
Mounting washer 254 mm.
revolving center.
2 straight cutters
Chisel stand.
Mobile lunette.
Spindle speed control devices.

Copy Wood Lathe CL-1201A

The device is produced by the Austrian company Stomana, which has been supplying equipment for over 20 years. The device is designed for processing wood and rounding products up to 1270 mm long, from materials of different densities. The copier is delivered in a basic configuration, with its help, products are produced according to the sample.

Lathe Features:

Included in delivery lathe includes:

Copier and stand for templates.
Knife support.
The mechanism for drawing spiral channels.
revolving center.
Leading center with a diameter of 20 mm.
Mounting washer.
2 cutters.
Lunette stand.

Copy lathe for wood KTF-7

The turning device KTF-7 is used for processing wood on stationary and rotating workpieces. Equipment uses disc milling tool. which increases performance and service life. This scheme allows you to get parts that cannot be made on a conventional lathe:

Profile polyhedra.
Surfaces with a screw profile.
Profile grooves on the product.

Work on the turning device is carried out according to a template with automatic feeding blanks, in two passes. At direct movement roughing occurs, while the reverse - finishing. Semi-automatic operation increases productivity and the number of irregularities on the surface of the wood during processing. The device is equipped with a mount for a manual cutter.

Voltage - 380V.
The maximum length of the part is 1200 mm.
Center height - 215 mm.
Weight - 740 kg.
Dimensions - 2100x900x1049 mm.

Homemade copier for a lathe is easy to make

Very often the holder (handle) of the file breaks, the leg of the chair and much more. To cope with this problem, a little help makeshift fixture to a wood lathe - a homemade copier for a lathe.

Read also interesting article on the topic - do-it-yourself woodworking machines. and now let's continue:

What is a copier made of?

The basis of the copier are the upper and lower carriages, while both move along the guides. The upper carriage moves in the transverse direction, and the lower one in the longitudinal direction. And their connection must be strong enough. The upper carriage has the main part of the copier, the so-called cutter. It is mounted on a small wheel (roller).

when operating the copier, the wheel moves along the copier slot, using it as a guide, and after it the upper carriage moves, on which the cutter is installed. Moving in this way, the cutter follows the path laid by the wheel, and, accordingly, the contour of the copier. All these actions process the workpiece installed on the lathe. A very simple and original way.

Manufacturing and assembly of the carriage

Both carriages should move fairly easily along the guides indicated by them, while it is necessary to avoid the formation of play. To do this, a drawing is created with the specified allowable dimensions. During the manufacture of the copier, clearly follow the data from the drawing. If you cannot make a drawing yourself, there are a whole lot of them on the Internet.

The correct and high-quality operation of the copier depends on accurate assembly and manufacture.

The finished device is attached between two headstocks (front and back) to the pillow, and that, in turn, to the frame, using a screw.

In each blank, it is necessary to punch (make a recess) the center at the end on one side. This is necessary to install the workpiece clearly in the center of the tailstock. And on the other hand, cuts should be made, the depth of which is 6 mm. This slot is mounted on a comb mounted on the headstock. Ultimately, you should get a fixed system between two attendants.

Using the flywheel handle, it is necessary to bring the cutter to the stop to the right side. Then, with the machine turned on, gradually move the cutter to the workpiece by screwing the nut. Turning the flywheel, pay attention to the work of the cutter. It is he who will give the workpiece the shape of a copier. After the cutter reaches the end point of the headstock, it is necessary to cut finished product. To do this, push the nut of the cutter forward.

This job is described manual drive, but the same copier can also be made for a machine with a reversible engine.

Copier for a wood lathe with a manual milling cutter

Copier for a wood lathe with a manual milling cutter

We suggest you make your own copier with minimal cost time, the machine can be started in " industrial production»turned parts by the evening. The “cutting tool” will be a hand router, the specifications for the manufactured parts depend on specifications wood lathe. Despite the fact that the copier is made using plywood, it can produce up to a hundred products from one copier, you will agree that this amount is quite enough to fulfill most bulk orders.

The device does not look quite “attractive”; in terms of design, but we did not set ourselves such a task. We tried to make our “equipment9raquo; as simple as possible to manufacture and more or less reliable. Which is what happened in the end. How is a copier made? Let's get to know him better.

Homemade copier at work

An ordinary manual milling cutter is adapted for the cutting tool, specific model doesn't matter. Install the milling cutter on the support platform, we have the dimensions of the platform 500 × 200 mm, made of sheet plywood 12 mm thick. You can slightly increase or decrease the linear parameters of the site, depending on the size hand cutter. On the site, make holes for the exit of the cutter and holes for installing mounting bolts. In order to completely eliminate unauthorized spontaneous movements of the cutter during operation, we advise you to install additional stop bars around the perimeter on the site, fix the bars with self-tapping screws, the length of the screws is selected taking into account the thickness of the fixing bars.

The milling cutter must be installed between the thrust bars, check the reliability of its fixation, any vibrations are completely eliminated. The far end of the site must "ride9raquo; along the pipe for the entire length of the wood lathe, we used a pipe Ø 25 mm, you can take other pipes for manufacturing. The main thing is that they can withstand the weight of the router without bending, be absolutely even and with ideal smooth surface. Fix the ends of the pipe with two wooden blocks, in our case, bars 80 × 35 mm were used. Screw the bars to the body of the lathe using metal screws, you do not have to cut the threads for the bolts. If your machine device does not allow you to fasten the bars in this way, then solve this problem in your own way.

Platform for milling cutter

Installation of the main structural elements homemade copier

Strong advice - do not rush during the manufacture of equipment, turned parts for a copier do not forgive even the slightest violations of not only technology, but also the location of the working axes. It follows from this that the axis of the pipe along which the milling cutter will move must be perfectly parallel to the axis of rotation of the lathe. It turned out by itself that the axis of the pipe coincided with the axis of the machine, but this condition is not necessary. The main thing that cutting tool cutters in the lowest position coincided with the axis of the machine, and this parameter can be adjusted by the level of the location of the copier.

The pipe is fixed in the blind holes of the bars; before fixing, two bars must be put on it, on which the carrier platform of the router will be installed. Important condition- the platform bars should slide easily along the guide tube, but wobbling is prohibited. Check this parameter, if necessary, manually lap the pipe and bars. Then fasten the support pad of the router to the bars and install the router on it. Once again check the smoothness of the slide, pay attention to the fact that there are no wobbles at all. Do not be afraid of such "strict9raquo; sliding quality requirements. If you have a pipe with a normal surface and completely flat, then it is not difficult to achieve smooth sliding.

Installation horizontal bar

This is the second "working9raquo; an element of a home-made copier, in terms of installation accuracy, all of the above requirements must be observed. A detail profile template is attached to a horizontal bar. For manufacturing, a bar of 70 × 30 mm is quite suitable, fastened with self-tapping screws to vertical wooden racks, fix the racks in any convenient way to the lathe bed. The upper edge of the horizontal bar must be parallel to the axis of the machine and be at the same level with it. If the copier becomes temporarily not needed, then the bar can be easily removed, the mounting platform for the router folds back to the rearmost position and the wood lathe can be used for its intended purpose.

Making a lathe

The most primitive model of a lathe is made from a conventional drill. But this is not the only solution. The main parts of the future device:

bed;
front and rear racks (headstock);
electric motor;
leading and slave centers;
tool stop.

For a do-it-yourself machine, an electric motor with a power of 200 - 250 W, with a speed of no more than 1500, is suitable. If you plan to process large parts, a more powerful engine is required.

A faceplate is put on the electric motor pulley, which fixes large workpieces. The faceplate contains points on which the part is stuffed. The opposite end of the part is fixed with a corner.

To turn an ordinary lathe into a copier, an additional device is required - a copier.

Copier for lathe

The basis of the copier will be an unnecessary hand mill. It is placed on a surface of 12 mm plywood, the size of the platform is 20 x 50 cm. Holes are made in the platform for fasteners and cutters, and stops are installed - bars for fixing the cutter. The router is placed between the clamps and secured with a pair of large nails.

When the copier is not in use, the bar is dismantled, the platform with the milling cutter is retracted and the machine turns into a conventional lathe.

The stop is made of thick plywood and is attached to the work surface. In fact, the emphasis plays the role of a copier in this design. It is fixed vertically, to the end of the working surface it is fixed to a transition beam made of wood. The copier can be removed, it is installed on the stand with self-tapping screws. The stand must be fixed firmly, without the possibility of removal.

The templates are made of plywood, with the help of self-tapping screws they are screwed to the front surface of the bar. The top surface of the beam should be aligned with the axis of the template.

Cons of the proposed design

The working surface with a milling cutter has to be moved with both hands, since during operation it warps and jams;
only fairly simple elements can be copied, for example, it is impossible to repeat twisted patterns on columns;
to move the cutter, it is more convenient to provide a screw gear;
and it is better to replace the cutter with a circular, such a device will turn out to be more versatile.

Copier for a wood lathe with a manual milling cutter

We suggest you make a copier yourself with minimal time, the machine can be launched into the "industrial production" of turned parts by the evening. The “cutting tool” will be a hand mill, the specifications for the manufactured parts depend on the specifications of the wood lathe. Despite the fact that the copier is made using plywood, it can produce up to a hundred products from one copier, you will agree that this amount is quite enough to fulfill most bulk orders.

The fixture does not look quite "attractive" in terms of design, but we did not set ourselves such a task. We tried to make our “equipment” as simple as possible to manufacture and more or less reliable. Which is what happened in the end. How is a copier made? Let's get to know him better.

copier device

An ordinary manual milling cutter is adapted for a cutting tool; a specific model does not matter. Install the milling cutter on the support platform, we have platform dimensions of 500 × 200 mm, made of sheet plywood 12 mm thick. You can slightly increase or decrease the linear parameters of the site, depending on the size of the hand mill. On the site, make holes for the exit of the cutter and holes for installing mounting bolts. In order to completely eliminate unauthorized spontaneous movements of the cutter during operation, we advise you to install additional stop bars around the perimeter on the site, fix the bars with self-tapping screws, the length of the screws is selected taking into account the thickness of the fixing bars.

The milling cutter must be installed between the thrust bars, check the reliability of its fixation, any vibrations are completely eliminated. The far end of the platform should “ride” along the pipe for the entire length of the wood lathe, we used a pipe Ø 25 mm, you can take other pipes for manufacturing. The main thing is that they can withstand the weight of the router without bending, be absolutely even and with a perfectly smooth surface. Fasten the ends of the pipe with two wooden blocks, in our case, bars 80 × 35 mm were used. Screw the bars to the body of the lathe using metal screws, you do not have to cut the threads for the bolts. If your machine device does not allow you to fasten the bars in this way, then solve this problem in your own way.

Installation of the main structural elements of a homemade copier

Strong advice - do not rush during the manufacture of equipment, turned parts for a copier do not forgive even the slightest violations of not only technology, but also the location of the working axes. It follows from this that the axis of the pipe along which the milling cutter will move must be perfectly parallel to the axis of rotation of the lathe. It turned out by itself that the axis of the pipe coincided with the axis of the machine, but this condition is not necessary. The main thing is that the cutting tool of the cutter in the lowest position coincides with the axis of the machine, and this parameter can be adjusted by the level of the copier.

The pipe is fixed in the blind holes of the bars; before fixing, two bars must be put on it, on which the carrier platform of the router will be installed. An important condition is that the bars for the platform should slide easily along the guide pipe, but wobbles are prohibited. Check this parameter, if necessary, manually lap the pipe and bars. Then fasten the support pad of the router to the bars and install the router on it. Once again check the smoothness of the slide, pay attention to the fact that there are no wobbles at all. Do not be afraid of such "strict" requirements for the quality of sliding. If you have a pipe with a normal surface and completely flat, then it is not difficult to achieve smooth sliding.

Installation of a horizontal bar

This is the second "working" element of a home-made copier; in terms of installation accuracy, all of the above requirements must be observed. A detail profile template is attached to a horizontal bar. For manufacturing, a bar of 70 × 30 mm is quite suitable, fastened with screws to vertical wooden racks, fix the racks in any convenient way to the lathe bed. The upper edge of the horizontal bar must be parallel to the axis of the machine and be at the same level with it. If the copier becomes temporarily not needed, then the bar can be easily removed, the mounting platform for the router folds back to the rearmost position and the wood lathe can be used for its intended purpose.

Fasten the vertical stop to the working platform of the router, we made it from thin plywood, you can use more durable materials, up to metal ones. This part will move along the copier during turning and set the spatial position of the cutter, fasten the copier as firmly as possible. There is a direct dependence on the thickness: the thinner it is, the more accurately the dimensions will be taken from the template. But there is another dependence - too thin copier makes it difficult to move the device along the template, choose the golden mean. The height of the copier must be adjusted after final assembly machine, during adjustment, all the above conditions must be observed. One more moment. If you have a copier made of plywood, then you need to make it removable, this will allow you to quickly change the worn-out copier to a new one during turning a large number the same type of products.

Copier stop

How the template is made

There is nothing new here. Draw on a strip of plywood or OSB board the contour of the part being machined, check all dimensions again and use electric jigsaw cut carefully. The edges must be sanded, remove notches and bumps. Fix the template on the horizontal rail with self-tapping screws, observe all installation dimensions during fixing.

Some features of turning

You will have to move the device only with two hands, otherwise jamming on the pipe is possible. Another problem is that the radii of curvature of turned parts are limited by the diameter of the cutter, this must be borne in mind when choosing the profile of turned parts. Practice shows the dependence of the feed rate on the diameter of the cutter: the smaller the diameter of the cutter, the smaller the feed should be and vice versa.

1 800 rub

1 350 RUB

2 400 rub

1 000 rub

1 800 rub

750 rub

215 rub

2 600 rub

1 200 rub

2 590 RUB