slide 2
We are all so accustomed to seeing how trees open their leaves in spring, how flowers reach for the sun, how cheerfully sparrows chirp on branches ... that we don’t even pay attention to all this beauty around us. We are surrounded by thousands of plants and animals and it is they who make our world so beautiful. All animals are unique, but even among them there are both the largest specimens and the smallest.
slide 3
The largest mammal on our planet is, of course, the blue whale. Adults weigh more than 150 tons (and sometimes 170) and reach a length of 33 meters.
slide 5
Now the blue whale is a very rare animal, since before it was ruthlessly hunted, exterminating for the sake of whale oil and mustache. Now he lives in some northern seas.
slide 6
The largest land mammal is the African elephant. The male African elephant of medium size reaches 3-4 m at the withers and weighs 4-7 tons.
Slide 7
A huge body - almost the size of a one-story building, the weight of one elephant is equal to the total weight of about 50 people. Under normal conditions, these animals live up to 70 years.
Slide 8
The largest mammal lives in the aquatic environment, and the smallest - in the air. This is a pig-nosed bat. It is also called the bumblebee mouse, because in size it is inferior to many insects. The body length of this crumb is less than 3 cm, weight is about 2 g.
Slide 9
The name "pig-nosed" bumblebee mouse was due to the fact that its nose looks like a piglet. pig-nosed the bats found in Thailand. Their number is very small. Mice live in small groups, day in limestone caves, and fly out to hunt for insects at dusk.
Slide 10
The tiny shrew also competes for the title of the smallest mammal. Its body length is less than 5 cm, and its weight is up to 2.5 g. Indeed, a small animal.
slide 11
The baby shrew lives throughout Northern Europe and Russia, Mongolia, China and South Korea. Shrews feed on worms and insects.
slide 12
The tallest mammal is the giraffe. The giraffe lives in the dry and sparsely forested savannah in Africa. The growth of these beauties is above 6 meters.
slide 13
High growth allows the giraffe to eat leaves, flowers, young shoots of trees from the upper tier of vegetation.
Slide 14
The largest cat is the tiger. In a male tiger, the body length from the tip of the nose to the tip of the tail is on average 3.15 m, the height at the withers is 99-107 cm, and the weight is about 265 kg.
slide 15
The smallest cat is the Bengal cat. The length of the body, together with the head, of a Bengal cat living in the southern regions of India and Sri Lanka reaches 350 - 480 mm. An average female weighs 1.1 kg, and a male 1.5-1.6 kg.
slide 16
The largest monkey is the gorilla. The largest primate is the male gorilla that lives in the lowland forests of Eastern Congo. His weight exceeds 163 kg, and his height reaches 180 cm.
Slide 17
The smallest primate is the pygmy mouse lemur recently discovered in Madagascar. The length of the head and body is 62 mm, the length of the tail is 13.6 cm, and the weight is approximately 306 g.
Slide 18
The largest pinniped is the elephant seal. Its maximum girth is 3.7 m, and its weight is 2000-3500 kg.
Slide 19
The smallest pinniped is the Galapagos fur seal. Adult females reach an average length of 1.2 m, and their weight is approximately 27 kg. Males are usually larger, up to 1.5 m in length and weighing up to 64 kg.
Slide 20
The largest bird on the planet is now the African ostrich - its height reaches 2.7 m, and its weight is 175 kg. The long neck is crowned with a small head with a flat beak.
slide 21
Physical education minute
slide 22
By the way, the eyes of ostriches are so large that they exceed the size of their own brain. An ostrich is a flightless bird, so its legs are much better developed than its wings.
slide 23
Ostriches feed mainly on plants, but do not disdain and small insects, reptiles, rodents and even carrion.
slide 24
The smallest bird is the bee hummingbird. Its length is only 5.7 cm, weight 1.6 g. The flight speed of hummingbirds-bees is 80 km / h, in flight they buzz like bees due to the high frequency of wing movement (80-100 strokes per second).
Slide 25
Hummingbirds feed on nectar, hovering in front of flowers and sucking out the contents with a thin long beak, as well as small insects that live in flowers. Hummingbird nests do not exceed the size of a thimble.
slide 26
The whale shark is the most big fish found on our planet. The largest specimen caught was about 14 m long, although eyewitnesses testified to sharks as large as 18 or even 20 meters. The weight of such giants can reach 12 tons.
Slide 27
These fish are found in the tropical zones of the Atlantic, Pacific and Indian oceans, but sometimes swim to the north.
Slide 28
For humans, these fish are safe, as they feed on crustaceans, small fish, krill. These sharks are not viviparous. They lay a small number of eggs, from which the young hatch.
Slide 29
The largest predatory fish is a real danger to humans - this is the white shark. Representatives of this species often attack swimmers, and for many such an encounter has sad consequences. With a weight of up to four tons and a length of up to eight meters, it is no wonder that this shark is so dangerous.
slide 30
One of the smallest fish is considered: the pandaka goby. The length of these fish averages from 7 mm to 1 cm, and they live in freshwater rivers and lakes in the Philippines.
Slide 31
The title of the largest snake is claimed by the anaconda and the reticulated python. The python, reaching a length of 10 m, was in the lead for a long time, but a specimen of an anaconda more than 11.5 meters long was recently discovered. python. anaconda
slide 32
They lead a semi-aquatic lifestyle and feed mainly on large animals, capybaras. Anaconda lives in South America
Slide 33
Pythons live in Asia. They live in humid forests, climb trees, and are good swimmers. Just like anacondas, pythons prey on small animals. They are more aggressive and can attack a person.
Among the incredible variety of fauna that lives on our planet, there are some species of animals of very small sizes. These defenseless creatures can only survive in the wild by taking advantage of their small sizes and hiding from natural enemies.
1. Dwarf marmosets
The first in the list of the smallest animals on the planet are pygmy marmosets, tiny monkeys, considered the smallest species of primates on Earth. An adult marmoset weighs a maximum of 150 grams and grows in length no more than 15 cm, not counting the tail.
This type of monkey is found in the rainforests of the Amazon, Ecuador, Bolivia and Peru, where they jump through the trees, biting their sharp teeth into their bark and drinking the juice. They also feed on insects and fruits. The adorable, little creatures are relatively docile and are a favorite with vendors in exotic bird markets.
2. American miniature horses
American miniature horses are distributed throughout the world, but most of them live in America and Europe. This breed of horses differs from its larger counterparts in its small weight and height.
One of the stallions of this breed, nicknamed "Little Pumpkin", was listed in the Guinness Book of Records as the smallest horse on the planet with a height of 35.5 cm and a weight of 9 kg.
These beautiful and cute creatures have a very friendly nature, which makes them great pets.
3. Hummingbird - bee
bee - hummingbird - the most small view birds on the planet, birds grow no more than 6 cm in length and weigh a maximum of 2 grams. These hummingbirds live only in some forest areas of Cuba and on the Guanahacabibes Peninsula.
They feed exclusively on nectar, which they can collect from flowers at any height. Only 15 certain types of plants are suitable for hummingbird food. Birds of this species are strong and fast flyers, they are able to make 90 strokes of their wings in 1 second.
4. Philippine tarsiers
Philippine tarsiers are considered the indigenous inhabitants of the Philippine Islands, and their striking feature is their disproportionately large eyes, giving their face a cute and "cute" look.
It is one of the smallest primate species, and tarsiers rarely grow large. more sizes palms of an adult male. They are nocturnal and feed mainly on insects. The length of an adult tarsier reaches 10 cm, the weight of males does not exceed 134 grams, females -117 grams.
5. Miniature Pigs or Mini Pigs
Miniature pigs were bred in Europe in the early 1950s for medical research, later they were increasingly used as pets.
They are considered very smart animals and are easy to train, there is practically no smell from them, which makes it possible to keep mini-pigs in apartments. Unfortunately, miniature pigs are prone to obesity and require a strict diet throughout their lives.
6. Fenech
One of the smallest animals in the world is a miniature fennec fox that lives in the hot deserts of North Africa. The body length of the animal rarely reaches more than 40 cm, and the weight does not exceed 1.5 kg.
A distinctive feature of fennec foxes is unusually large ears, reaching 15 cm in length. With the help of them, the fox perfectly hears the movement of insects and small vertebrates, which it hunts at night, and during a hot day, the ears help the animal to cool.
7. Cow - panda
The panda cow is a tiny bovine that has markings similar to the spots on the skins of giant pandas. At last count, there are only a couple of dozen of them in the world, and the cost of each of them reaches 30,000 US dollars.
This type of miniature cow was artificially bred by breeder John Balterd of Washington. According to his idea, each calf by the age of three should reach a height of no more than 106 cm and at the same time have a skin color that matches the patterns on the bodies of rare Chinese pandas.
8. Dwarf rabbit
The dwarf rabbit is the smallest species of rabbit on the planet and is most common in the United States. An adult rabbit weighs about 3 kg, the body length reaches 34 cm. In the wild, rabbits mainly live in thickets of high and dense sagebrush, which is used for protection and food.
They also make excellent pets, the animals have a playful and friendly character and love to communicate. They are unpretentious in care, the cost of their maintenance is small. These rabbits can be walked on a leash, or they can never be taken outside. They very quickly get used to the cat's tray and do not have an unpleasant smell.
9. Paedocypris fish
The smallest fish on the planet lives in Southeast Asia, in the peat swamps of Sumatra. An adult Paedocypris reaches a length of no more than 7.9 mm. This fish belongs to the carp family and is also considered the smallest vertebrate creature on the planet.
They feed mainly on plankton, which they collect from the bottom of the swamps. Unfortunately, the future prospects for this fish are unimportant: due to human activities, swamps in Sumatra are getting smaller, and the habitual habitat of Paedocypris will soon completely disappear.
10 Noble's Frog
And the last representative of the fauna in the ranking of the smallest animals in the world is Noblell's frog (Noblella pygmaea). This tiny creature was first discovered by scientists in the Andes, in southern Peru.
Possessing a brown camouflage coloration and miniature size (an adult frog does not grow more than 11 mm), the noblella has been quite successfully hiding from wildlife researchers for many years.
Frogs live at an altitude of 3000 meters above sea level in vegetated meadows and tropical forests. In their entire life, females lay only two eggs, which are cared for until the little frogs hatch.
Zebra at the Beijing Zoo in Beijing, China.
A pair of Indian parrot chicks are offered for sale in the northeastern Indian state of Nagaland.
Despite a 1990-91 ban on the trade of all bird species, hundreds of parrots are traded in India each year.
A ringed seal swims in an aquarium in Osaka, Japan.
A chameleon on a branch at a zoo in Chemnitz, Germany.
A six-day-old baby giraffe is surrounded by its parents. Buenos Aires Zoo, Argentina.
The little turtle makes its way to the sea. Not far from the Lebanese-Israeli border, in South Lebanon.
Humpback whale on the surface of the Pacific Ocean in the Uramba Bahia Malaga Natural Park in Colombia.
Two little snowy owls sit next to each other at the Hanover Zoo in Hannover, Germany.
A baby capuchin monkey hangs upside down from its mother in Parque del Este in Caracas, Venezuela.
Two wild boars at the zoo in Hannover, Germany.
Butterfly Peacock eye in Kassel, Germany.
A flock of flamingos at the Fuente de Piedra Nature Reserve, near Malaga, southern Spain.
Two tigers play in the water at the zoo. Leipzig, Germany.
Children look at a sea lion in the aquarium of the Pacific Ocean. In Long Beach, California, USA.
A recently discovered new animal, the olinguito, previously thought to be its closest relative, the olingo, in a South American rainforest.
A sand shark with a tiger shark in its mouth. Off the coast of Delaware, USA.
A tarantula envelops the locusts, in the southwest of Mount Sharr of Kosovo's capital Pristina.
Male white alligator in Sao Paulo Aquarium, Brazil.
Roe deer in a corn field near Schwarmstedt, Germany.
A yellow scorpion eats prey and glows in the dark, near Sde Boker in the Negev Desert, Israel.
A newborn panda cub at the Taipei Zoo, Taiwan.
A Helicidae snail crawls on a wet leaf in a Jacobsdorf garden, East Germany.
Horses gallop in the Spanish region of northwestern Galicia.
Great Gray Owl in the Rambouillet forest, about 50 km from Paris.
A new species of hammerhead shark is the Carolina hammerhead. It reaches 11 meters in length and weighs about 400 kg.
A leopard yawns at the Madrid Zoo, Spain.
A great grebe swims with three chicks on its back in Lake Weissensee at Naggl in southern Carinthia. Austria.
A polar bear cools off at the Belgrade Zoo, Serbia.
A dragonfly hovers above the grass, along the Treska River near Skopje, Macedonia.
A small bottlenose dolphin at the Brookfield Zoo in Brookfield, Illinois. USA.
A Sumatran tiger tigress with her cub in an enclosure at Chester Zoo in northern England.
Bolotny already near the village of Luzhki, about 220 km north of Minsk, Belarus.
Two miniature pygmy pigs at the Hannover Zoo, central Germany.
Adélie penguins mother and calf in an aquarium in Osaka, Japan.
An elephant under the shower at the La Flèche Zoo in western France.
Brown bear in the Sainte-Croix Zoological Park, in the French city of Rhodes.
Golden eagle in Rambouillet forest, near Paris, France.
A baby gorilla sits in an air-conditioned room at a zoo in Shanghai, China.
Two hippos fight in the Rutchuru River, Virunga National Park, Democratic Republic of the Congo.
The animal world of our planet is extremely diverse. Any habitat - be it oceans, forests, caves and airspace - is inhabited by thousands of life forms. Not a single science fiction writer could endow a fictional planet with such a rich life that our native Earth has ...
Vertebrates, Class Mammals.
The largest mammal on our planet It is, of course, the blue whale. Adults weigh more than 150 tons (and sometimes 170) and reach a length of 33 meters. 
These are graceful and beautiful animals, with a slender body, ideally adapted to the aquatic habitat. From the bottom of the head there are longitudinal throat folds, thanks to which the whale is easy to recognize. Although it is difficult to misunderstand when looking at this giant.
Now the blue whale is a very rare animal, since before it was ruthlessly hunted, exterminating for the sake of whale oil and mustache. Now he lives in the Bering and Chukchi seas, in the area of the Kuril ridge, the Commander and Aleutian Islands. In the Sea of Japan, this giant was completely exterminated. Each adult animal eats about 1 tonne of krill per day. 
The blue whale Balaenoptera musculus is the largest mammal not only in modern times, but has ever lived on Earth. It is larger than even the largest dinosaur. The largest whale, the female, measured 33.58 meters or 110 feet in length.
The heaviest known whale weighed over 190 tons, and the weight was hypothetically determined by weighing its remains. This corresponds to the mass of 30 elephants or 150 bulls. 
He, i.e. the blue whale and the loudest mammal - it can make sounds at a volume of 188dB, which can be heard at a distance of 850 km.
largest land mammal This is a male African elephant. The largest elephant had a shoulder height of 3.96 m or 13 feet and weighed over 12 tons. 
Elephants, like whales, mainly communicate through low-frequency noises that are inaudible to the human ear, in order to communicate with each other at a distance of several kilometers. 
Elephants can hear with their feet just as much as they can with their ears, picking up ultra-low frequency sounds passing through the ground. It has been known for over 20 years that African elephants can communicate at frequencies so low that the human ear cannot pick up these sounds. 
Until now, however, no one has been sure whether these "talks" travel through the earth like seismic waves. It is possible that elephants resort to this method of communication when there is too much noise above the ground, for example, airplanes fly by. It turned out that elephants can send seismic waves to a distance of almost two kilometers.
tallest mammal The giraffe (Giraffa camelopardalis) lives in the dry and sparsely forested savannah in sub-Saharan Africa. The tallest recorded specimen was a male named George, belonging to the subspecies G. c. tippelskirchi. 
He was brought to the Chester Zoo, England, from Kenya on January 8, 1959. He almost rested his horns on the roof of a cage 6.1 m high when he was 9 years old.
The largest mammal lives in the aquatic environment, and the smallest - in the air.
This is a pig-nosed bat. It is also called the bumblebee mouse, because in size it is inferior to many insects. The body length of this crumb is less than 3 cm, weight is about 2 g. The name "pig-nosed" bumblebee mouse was given because its nose looks like a piglet. 
Pig-nosed bats are found in the province of Kanchanaburi in Thailand and in Myanmar, their numbers are very small. Mice live in small groups, day in limestone caves, and fly out to hunt for insects at dusk.
For the title of the smallest mammal is fighting and shrew baby shrew - after all, unlike the bumblebee mouse, it does not have a wingspan. Its body length is less than 5 cm, and its weight is up to 2.5 g. 
Indeed, a small animal. The skin of these animals is dark gray-brown in color, with gray tan marks on the abdomen and bottom of the tail. The little shrew lives throughout Northern Europe and Russia, Mongolia, China and South Korea, as well as Sakhalin and Hokkaido. Shrews feed on invertebrates - worms and insects. 
Vertebrates, Class Birds.
The largest bird on the planet is now African ostrich - its height reaches 2.7 m, and its weight is 175 kg. The long neck is crowned with a small head with a flat beak. 
By the way, the eyes of ostriches are so large that they exceed the size of their own brain. An ostrich is a flightless bird, so its legs are much better developed than its wings. To make it easier for the bird to run fast, the claw of one of the toes grew to form a hoof. 
Fluffy plumage grows only on the body, leaving the head, neck and legs bare - after all, these birds live in a warm climate, and they do not need flight feathers. Beautiful feathers have always attracted the attention of hunters - they were used as plumes, hat decorations or making fans.
Ostriches feed mainly on plants, but do not disdain small insects, reptiles, rodents and even carrion. The common myth that ostriches hide their heads in the sand when threatened is nothing more than a fairy tale. Defending the nest, the females really flatten out on the ground, but they do not hide their heads in it.
The smallest bird- a hummingbird-bee, a bird inferior in size to many insects. Its length is only 5.7 cm, weight 1.6 g. The flight speed of hummingbirds-bees is 80 km / h, in flight they buzz like bees due to the high frequency of wing movement (80-100 strokes per second). 
Hummingbirds feed on nectar, hovering in front of flowers and sucking out the contents with a thin long beak, as well as small insects that live in flowers. Hummingbird nests do not exceed the size of a thimble. 
It is not surprising that the largest egg in the world also belongs to an ostrich - its weight reaches one and a half kilograms, and its length is 15-20 cm, and the smallest - a hummingbird - 0.5 g.
Vertebrates, Superclass Pisces.
Whale shark - the biggest fish found on our planet. The largest specimen caught was about 14 m long, although eyewitnesses testified to sharks as large as 18 or even 20 meters. 
The weight of such giants can reach 12 tons. These fish are found in the tropical zones of the Atlantic, Pacific and Indian oceans, but sometimes swim to the north. 
Whale sharks have a huge mouth with up to 15 thousand teeth - not at all for active hunting. For humans, these fish are safe, as they feed on crustaceans, small fish, krill. 
These sharks are not viviparous. They lay a small number of eggs, from which the cubs are hatched, which have a characteristic color - white stripes and spots on a dark background. Thanks to this coloration, whale sharks are always easy to distinguish.
The smallest fish for a long time, the pandaka goby and the mistichthys goby were considered. 
The length of these fish is on average 7 mm, and they live in freshwater rivers and lakes in the Philippines. However, an even smaller fish, Paedocypris, has recently been discovered living in puddles and peat bogs in Sumatra. It feeds on benthic plankton and, unfortunately, is very rare.
Vertebrates, Class Reptiles.
The title of the largest snake is claimed anaconda and reticulated python.
The python, reaching a length of 10 m, was in the lead for a long time, but a specimen of an anaconda more than 11.5 meters long was recently discovered. 
Alas, it was not possible to save it, so the competition is not over yet, although anacondas in nature have more favorable conditions to grow up to be giants. They lead a semi-aquatic lifestyle and feed mainly on large animals, capybaras. 
Anaconda lives in South America, these are grayish-green snakes with dark brown spots on the back and light spots on the sides. 
This coloring helps the anaconda hide in the water of lakes, rivers and swampy lowlands, where it waits for prey - small animals and birds that come to drink. 
Contrary to cinematic horrors, anacondas rarely pose a danger to humans, and so far only one documented case of the killing of a child by this snake is known.
Pythons live in Asia - in Burma, Thailand, Laos, Vietnam, Malaysia, Sumatra, the Philippines, on the island of Java. They live in humid forests, climb trees, and are good swimmers. 
The reticulated python is a game animal in Asia, it is hunted for its meat and beautiful skin, painted with rhombic spots and with a strong iridescent tint.
Just like anacondas, pythons prey on small animals. They are more aggressive and can attack a person.
The heaviest reptiles are undoubtedly alligators. The weight of some giant individuals can exceed a ton, and the length can reach 6 meters. 
The smallest snake only 10 cm long. This is a brahmin moth, common in South Asia and Madagascar. The blind snake is also called the "pot snake" - they often climb into flower pots. 
As their name suggests, blind people are blind. Since the snake lives in the earth and does not need vision, the eyes have atrophied and are overgrown with skin. They are still sensitive to light, but of course they cannot see the image.
These snakes are popular as pets. Together with flower pots they dispersed from Asia around the world and won great sympathy for exotic lovers.
Invertebrates, Class Insects.
The largest insect in the world- a real weta, comparable in size to a rodent and reaching a weight of 80 g (for comparison, egg weighs 50-60 g). 
And the largest wingspan of the Peacock-eyed Atlas butterfly is 32 cm. These butterflies feed only in the state of caterpillars, and in adulthood they only breed. 
Their huge wings have an outgrowth on the front edge, depicting a snake's head - this device protects the butterfly from insectivorous animals. 
Caterpillars, as large as butterflies, feed on tree leaves. These amazing insects are found in the tropics and subtropics of Southeast Asia, in South China, Thailand and Indonesia.
It's not easy to single out a champion among small insects- after all, insects are mostly medium-sized animals, and there are many contenders for the title of the smallest. 
The North American featherwing is a beetle only 0.25 cm long, but it is also surpassed by the oviparous rider Alaptus - its length is 0.2-0.21 cm. 
It is still a mystery how insects with such tiny wings can fly.
And do you know WHO is the MOST EARED?
In the African elephant, burdock ears can reach 1.5 meters from the base to the top, in the Indian elephant they are smaller - about 0.5 meters. (More smaller ears were at the mammoth, this is not surprising, because he lived in the Ice Age in the tundra, large ears could be frozen right away.) Elephants have large ears, but the elephants themselves are 5-6 meters long and up to 4 meters tall. It turns out that the length of their ears is less than a quarter of the length of the body. 
But in Mongolia and China, perhaps the most eared animal lives - the long-eared jerboa. He himself is only 9 centimeters long, and his ears are as much as 5 centimeters. That is, his ears are more than half the length of his body. 
Very large ears and a small African fox - Fenech. She herself is smaller than a cat, body length is 35-40 centimeters, and even a tail is 15-20 centimeters. But the ears - in the human palm, reach 15 centimeters in length. 
There is also a decorative breed of rabbits with very long ears, their name is strange - "Brussels Sheep". The ears of these rabbits are folded on both sides of the head and are somewhat reminiscent of twisted ram's horns. 
The length of the straightened ears of a rabbit-ram reaches 2-3 meters. This animal is artificially bred by man.
