Turbid water from the well - causes and what to do if muddy water comes out of the well. Sand in well water: what to do? Dirty water flows from the well

If you are the owner private well, then your site is on an individual water supply and thus, you do not depend on anyone. But it is worth facing a problem called “the water in the well has disappeared”, and all the worries fall on your shoulders. Because you are the only person making the decision about your water intake and identifying the reason why this is happening.

What to do if the water in the well is jerky, if there is little or no water in the well, we will understand below.

The most common problems that can arise with a well and the presence of water in it are:

Reducing the water level in the well (partial, periodic or permanent);
Drying out of the well (meaning the complete drying of the well or a situation where water can quickly run out);
The supply of water to the water supply system is jerky.

It is important to remember that the occurrence of such problems can often be the result of improper drilling and arrangement of the source. Therefore, to perform the work, it is always necessary to invite experienced professionals.

If the water level in the well drops

You all year round use your well and have never noticed a lack of water in your house before? Faced with a situation where the water in the well quickly runs out or is it periodically not completely up to the bottom level? Why did it happen? We understand the possible causes and ways to fix the problem. The main prerequisite for this behavior of the source can be:

Natural change in the conditions of geology at the location of your well. That is, there is a displacement of the bottom of the reservoir from which you draw water).
Change in aquifers according to the season (most often in the summer the reservoir may decrease, in the cold season - increase).
Defects made during the arrangement of the well or during its operation (here we mean an insufficiently deep well, lack of sealing of the rings, the appearance of cracks, an incorrectly selected filter, etc.).
Silting filters(if the well has not been used for a long time).

Important: all of the above possible problems are taken into account if professionals are working on the well. When self-fulfillment work, a design error may be made in the arrangement of the flask.

The reasons for the change in the water level in the well can also be third-party factors, such as:

Drilling in close proximity to your well;
Connecting to the horizon from which you draw water, another user.
In this case, you need to wait a period of 25-30 days, and if the water level in your well does not return to its usual state or the phenomenon repeats with periodic regularity, then you can raise the question of deepening the well. Especially if initially the depth of the well does not exceed even 10 m.

Important: deepening the well is necessary only after a thorough analysis and identification of the causes of the situation.

The decision to deepen the well will be relevant in such cases:

If in total you are confused only by the level of water, and its quality completely suits you.
If drilling a new well is not suitable for you due to lack of free space on the site.
If no horizontal displacements are found between the rings of the well and the flask itself is not bent.

If the water is completely gone

This phenomenon often happens if your well is no longer new and has been in operation for more than three years. Often, such a well, dug to the level of the perch, gives either a small amount of water over time, or the water in it runs out (dries up) completely. The reason is the work of the aquifer at two or more points or its drying up. In this case, you need to either make (drill) a new well (and preferably an artesian well), or deepen the old one to a depth of more than 10 meters. The decision is made on the basis of financial capabilities and the available area of the site.

The flow of water in jerks

If the water pressure in the water supply system from the well changes periodically, then this indicates a change in the pressure force in the communication (that is, the pressure has dropped). It is only necessary to calculate at which of the levels of the structure pressure fluctuations occur: at the level of pumping equipment, when water enters the pipe, or exclusively at one point of water supply.

You need to figure it out by elimination. First, you should check all the points in the house by opening the water. If the water comes in jerks, and there is no good constant pressure at all points, then the problem is in the pipe leading to the house. In this case, air can enter the pipe along with water and a kind of air plug is obtained, which does not allow water to flow with a constant pressure.

And yet the most common causes, along which the water pressure in the system changes and it goes in jerks, can be as follows:

Insufficiently good tightness of the entire water intake system. It is necessary to check the operation of communication in all its sections from the pump hydraulic tank to all pipes.
Breaking check valve pump or other moving parts of pumping equipment.
Debris entering the pump. In this case, when the unit is turned on, the pressure rises too quickly and the pump is switched off. After the pressure drops again, the pump turns on. In this case, the water flows in jerks. The pump needs cleaning and filter replacement.
Insufficient amount of water in the well or incorrectly selected pump immersion depth.
Pump hydraulic tank diaphragm rupture. In this case, the pump may also be contaminated with small particles of debris. The hydraulic tank needs to be replaced to continue the operation of the well and normalize the pressure in the system.
Or it may happen that air has escaped from the hydraulic tank for natural reasons. In this case, it must be pumped up with a simple bicycle pump. After such a procedure, the pressure in the system returns to normal, and the water again flows with a normal constant pressure.

From all of the above, it is worth drawing conclusions that well construction should be carried out at the level of professionals. They will accurately calculate the debit of your aquifer, the productivity of the well and the duration of its work, as well as select the optimal equipment. And in order not to encounter similar problems when arranging a well on the upper aquifers, it is best to immediately drill an artesian well.

Arranging a well for water for a private house, cottage or bath is the main task that any homeowner has to face. One of the frequent problems is the appearance of a pungent odor, sediment and turbidity of the water. In this case, a quite reasonable question arises: why wells goes cloudy water and how to solve such a nuisance?

Why drinking water from wells becomes cloudy

Often in use hydraulic structure a serious problem may arise: drinking water acquires a characteristic turbidity. To choose effective method troubleshooting, first you need to find out the possible causes of this phenomenon.

Cloudy water from a well can come from many reasons. Conventionally, they are divided into three categories:

biological;
chemical;
mechanical.

Reasons for biological origin

Pathogenic organisms and their metabolic products enter the environment- into air, soil, water, including hydraulic structures.

Turbid water from the well appears as a result of:

reproduction of pathogenic microflora, silting and flowering. This happens in the spring, when various bacteria and plant microspores enter the water source;
contamination with substances of organic origin that penetrate into aquifer from the ground.

What to do in case of biological contamination of water? An effective way to fix the problem is to prevent and sanitize the water source. In some cases, it is recommended to install new or replace old filtration units to disinfect the well, as well as deep cleaning mines.

Causes of chemical origin

A serious reason why there is cloudy water in the well can be various chemical processes:

contamination of a water source with chemical elements as a result of accidents and man-made disasters;
oxidative processes at high content iron in the aquifer. Oxidation is possible only in case of partial or complete depressurization of the casing string.

If a hydraulic structure is located near an industrial area, such water cannot be used even for technical needs. Complete cleansing of the aquifer from chemical elements takes a long time, so it is better to choose a more favorable place for arranging a new well or well.

To eliminate the processes of iron oxidation in water, it is enough to strengthen the casing string and install a bottom cleaning filter.

Causes of mechanical origin

Sometimes the water from the well becomes cloudy during drilling or improper use of pumping equipment. The mechanical reasons for the appearance of turbidity in the aquifer include:

washing out of the bulk layer in case of violation of the installation process of the casing string of the structure. An insufficient gravel pack will not be able to prevent limestone and sand particles from entering the well;
breakage or silting of the bottom filter. This occurs when equipment is misused or excessively clogged with deposits;
deformation, destruction of the mine as a result of soil displacement, improper installation of water pipes and their fixation elements;
installation of vibration-type pumping equipment - it can lead to deformation of the inner walls of the column and violation of the tightness of the joints.

If dirty water appeared when the gravel pad was washed out, the problem is solved by adding a protective layer.

If the bottom filter fails, the only right solution is a quick replacement with new equipment.

If the water from the well is cloudy as a result of damage to the column, the problem can be solved by restoring the tightness and flushing the structure, in some cases, by arranging a new hydraulic structure.

Having eliminated the reason why muddy water appeared in the well, it is recommended to perform a thorough cleaning of the hydraulic structure. Effective cleaning methods include:

bailer cleaning;
cleaning with a vibration and deep pump;
mechanical cleaning.

Cleaning method with a bailer

The process of purification using a bailer is carried out in stages:

A bailer is lowered to the bottom of the well. Then it rises to a height of 45 cm with a sharp dive to the bottom.
The cycle consists of 4 ups/downs. Why is it necessary to do this? To fill the bailer with water to half the volume and clean it from silt deposits at the bottom of the structure.
The filled bailer is taken to the surface, thoroughly cleaned and lowered to the bottom. The procedure is repeated up to 3-4 times.

Cleaning method with deep and vibration pump

For high-quality cleaning of a hydraulic structure, it is recommended to use submersible pump. Work is carried out in the following order:

A metal baking powder on a cable is placed in the shaft. It is used to loosen silt deposits that have accumulated at the bottom of the structure.
Pumping equipment is immersed to the bottom and water is pumped out until the mine is completely cleaned. After the turbid water is pumped out of the well, the equipment can be removed to the surface.

The hose is fixed on the pump housing. A weight is attached to the bottom of the hose to prevent it from floating up when submerged.
The hose sinks to the bottom, then rises to a height of up to 10 cm, after which the pump is turned on.
The equipment provides a high cleaning rate, but is not suitable for extracting heavy contaminants that lead to rapid wear of the valve. If water with clay comes from the well, this cleaning method is not recommended.

Mechanical cleaning method

If muddy, almost white water comes out of the well, and the well is drilled to a depth of more than 10 meters, an effective cleaning method is mechanical. For work, two pumps are used - with a deep intake and a self-priming type. The cleaning procedure is as follows:

A tank with a volume of up to 220 liters is installed near the structure. A funnel with a mesh bottom is fixed on it.
A hose is immersed in the container, through which the liquid will go to another pump.
A hose with a load is lowered into the mine. At a height of 35 cm from the bottom, a deep pump is installed.
Water is supplied to the casing string to remove silt deposits. The hose is immersed as the well is cleaned.

Often, homeowners cannot independently determine why well water may turn cloudy. In this case, it is recommended to perform a water analysis in the laboratory to identify possible causes changes in the color of the water.

Pumping silty water from the well after downtime

Problem weak pressure, or the complete absence of water from shallow wells, 10-25 meters, not uncommon after long downtime. It occurs for several reasons:

Silting of the bottom filter. When water withdrawal is stopped, salt deposits and sand particles quickly clog the filter, especially in high-water wells
Clogged pipes
Depleted aquifer

We solve the problem with silting of the well filter

To get rid of the silt that has settled on the filter, the well needs to be “pumped”. You can do this yourself with the help of a drainage vibration pump. It is lowered into the well so that about 1 meter remains to the bottom. It is advisable to stir up bottom sediments by raising and lowering the pump several times. Carry out pumping on maximum power pump operation. Depending on the degree of filter contamination, pumping will take from several hours to a week.

To reduce pumping time and make it more efficient will help to perform it in an intermittent way according to the scheme:

Turning on the pump - pumping out 10-15 minutes;
Turning off the pump - 10-20 minutes break to restore the water level.
Turning on the pump.

During operation, the pump must be periodically cleaned and pumped through it. clean water.

It often happens that all the water is pumped out, but the bottom filter in the well has not yet been cleaned. In this case, it is necessary to add clean water to the well and continue pumping. You may have to add water several times.

What to do if there is a mud plug in the well

If the pipe is clogged and water does not flow, and the submersible pump does not lower into it, another method will be needed. The well can be pumped with air or water under high pressure.

To do this, a pipe of smaller diameter is installed in the shaft. A sleeve is connected to its end through which air is supplied. Silt and mud from the bottom of the well rises and comes to the surface through the annulus. Continue the procedure until clean water rises to the surface.

It is important to be careful, as the water pressure with mud and silt can be much greater than the incoming water. The mud plug can be blown out by the high pressure created by the water.

Pumping a well will not only solve the problem of low pressure and increase the flow rate of water, but also significantly improve its quality. The filter will begin to work more efficiently, from which the water will become crystal clear, and the level of its mirror in the well will increase significantly. If the cottage has washing plant high pressure, it can be used in place of the optional pressure wash pipe.

If the aquifer at this level is depleted, the only way out is to drill a new, deeper well. To prevent the problem from recurring, regular cleaning and flushing of the system is recommended. autonomous water supply, as well as the installation of additional filters at the outlet of the well. Then all pipes will be protected from congestion, and your health from dirty water.

When a well appears on the site, giving a steady flow of water, this is a joyful event, because complex and expensive work has been completed successfully. Do you agree?

But the quality of the water received can cause some confusion among ignorant site owners. It is more like a stream of very liquid mud than drinking water. Don't be scared, that's how it should be.

Drilling a well is only half the battle. To provide the house with enough usable water, you need to learn how to pump the well, and then perform a series of simple, but rather time-consuming operations. We will tell you how to cope with this, at first glance, a difficult task.

The reasons why wells require pumping and how to eliminate them will be described below. You will also find information on how to perform the pumping yourself, which is required for this. The article is accompanied visual photos and video materials that will help to understand this issue in more detail.

Dirty water coming from the well at first is a completely natural and natural phenomenon. small particles soil and other insoluble inclusions are mixed with water, forming a suspension that is not suitable either for people or even for household needs. The only way to get rid of it is to pump out the pollution along with the water.

Understanding the causes of silting will not only put the well in order initially, but will also help organize it. Typically, such severe water pollution in the well is observed only immediately after drilling is completed.

However, owners of a new well should be aware that similar problems may arise later.

This diagram clearly shows the device of a filter and artesian well. After drilling in the trunk accumulates a large number of contaminants to be removed

Small clay particles, together with larger inclusions, accumulate at the bottom of the wellbore, which leads to siltation of the well. Most often this happens if the well is used irregularly.

For example, if the dacha (and the well) has not been used all winter, the owners may find serious silting. The skills gained while pumping the well will be useful for solving this problem.

Depending on the composition of the soil, sandy deposits of impressive thickness can naturally accumulate in the well. They also create significant problems that are solved by pumping large volumes of water from the well or cleaning it.

Well pumping stages

Information about the need to pump a well will come in handy at the design stage. If drilling is entrusted to a professional team, and not to amateur drillers, then the contract usually includes pumping services.

Stage #1. Preparation for work

Professionals usually have special pumping equipment capable of pumping out about 3-6 cubic meters of dirty water per hour. Of course, this increases the cost of the work, but you should not immediately abandon this addition.

If a professional team is engaged in drilling a well, it makes sense to immediately order well pumping services when the drilling work is completed.

Although the process of self-pumping a well is relatively simple, it will require not only time and effort, but also certain material costs. In addition, you will need minimal skills in working with pumping equipment.

No one can accurately predict how long a well needs to be pumped. It is believed that this procedure takes from 12 hours to two days. In practice, the self-pumping process can take several weeks, or even months, depending on the situation.

Work time may be affected whole line factors:

well depth;
the nature of the soil and pollution;
professional level of performers;
features of the pump, etc.

Usually, for pumping a not too deep well, in which the aquifer is located in a sand or limestone layer, one working day is enough. But the extraction of sand or clay deposits dissolved in water from a deep “artesian” well can take weeks or months.

If the work dragged on in time, experts do not recommend immediately putting an end to an expensive structure. Most often, the well can be successfully pumped. Although it also happens that even professionals cannot cope with pumping a well, and are forced to recognize the structure as unsuitable for operation. Fortunately, such cases are very rare.

The biggest problems during pumping await owners who have to remove clay deposits dissolved in water from the well. There are cases when a decision was made to scoop out both clay and almost all water from the mine. The result of this labor-intensive process is a clean and easy-to-operate well.

Each well is a structure with individual characteristics. Even if it was possible to pump a well in a neighboring area in a matter of hours, this does not guarantee the same success for a new structure. Usually with wells “on limestone” there is more problems when pumping than with sand wells.

According to the most different reasons the duration of pumping can be maximum or minimum. Failure of the pump, which will have to be completely replaced, can also lead to delays. This situation is not uncommon even during the pumping of a shallow well.

Stage #2. Selection of equipment and preparation of a place for draining

Before starting work, several important issues should be resolved. To get started, stock up necessary equipment, and then provide a place for dumping the pumped out dirty water. Main tool work when pumping a well - a pump.

The submersible pump selected for stationary operation should not be used in the process of pumping a well, since it can break down immediately

You should not use for this the pump that was chosen to supply clean water to the house. Not everyone can cope with pumping large volumes of water containing a lot of sand, dirt and other suspended particles.

For a home, it is better to buy expensive equipment that will ensure uninterrupted water supply for long term. Inexpensive models are more suitable for pumping, the breakdown of which will not hit the family budget.

The Malysh pump is an inexpensive and easy-to-use model that is successfully used for pumping wells. This unit is most effective at a depth of up to 25 m

More often independent work for the buildup of the well, they are performed using a domestic inexpensive model of the or type. Well proven more powerful.

According to reviews, submersible pumps do an excellent job of pumping wells, although at the beginning a sand plug may form in the device.

Aquarius pumps are successfully used for pumping wells after drilling. They differ high performance and damage resistance

Models in which water passes through a metal impeller in the form of a “snail” are not very good in combination with sand. This element clogs very quickly, it often has to be cleaned or replaced. Sometimes these pumps break down almost immediately. It all depends on the model, the depth of immersion and the nature of the pollution.

Experts strongly do not recommend using vibration pumps for the well, preferring centrifugal models. It is believed that vibration can adversely affect the condition of the well, disrupt pipe string connections, shake the casing, etc.

At the same time, many owners describe the positive experience of pumping or cleaning a well using inexpensive vibration technology.

If drilling work was carried out by specialists, you should get from them not only a passport for the well, but also recommendations on equipment for pumping it. The value can be not only the type of pump, but also its performance.

If the owner of the well was chosen a budget option: the already mentioned pumps “Kid” or “Brook”, he should take into account one point. During the cleaning process, especially in areas with complex, clayey contamination, such a pump can quickly fail, since it is still designed to work with clean water.

Two or three “killed” budget pumps for pumping a well after drilling are considered almost the norm. Some owners thus "buried" even five inexpensive units.

In the process of pumping a well with an inexpensive pump of the “Trickle” type, it may be necessary to repeatedly disassemble the device, clean it or repair it.

In preparation submersible pump you should also make sure that its cable has the required length, comparable to the depth of the well. If necessary, the length of the cable is increased, while observing all the requirements of electrical safety standards.

Another important point– a cord on which the pump will be hung during work (do not use an electric cable to lift the device from the shaft!). Budget pumps are equipped with no less budget cords.

The unit will have to be taken out of the shaft for washing quite often, a fragile cord can simply break. As a result, problems with flushing will be added to the hassle of getting a fallen pump.

In some cases, this led to the loss of the entire well. To prevent such a sad situation, you just need to invest in a reliable and durable cord or cable of sufficient length. In the process of work, it does not hurt to periodically inspect it to identify abrasions.

Immediately you need to decide where the pumped water will be discharged (and its total volume can be several tons or more). There is a rule: dirty water must be poured out at some distance from the well, otherwise the pumped water will simply return to the well shaft, it will have to be pumped out again and again, the process can last forever.

In addition, the backflow of water into the shaft can adversely affect the strength of its walls, since water entering under pressure can break the connections. After that, the liquid that has penetrated through the slots in the joint will be able to erode the soil surrounding the well.

Dirty water pumped out of the well must be diverted as far as possible from the location of the well to prevent it from getting inside

Part of the pumped water can be used on the site, for example, for irrigation. Of course, for this it is necessary to first clean the water from contaminants. You can make a simple sand trap.

To do this, take a barrel of a suitable volume and make two holes in it: the first is in the upper part of the container, the second is approximately in the middle of the barrel.

With the help of a sand trap, water obtained from a well can be effectively cleaned of contaminants and used for household needs.

Contaminated water is fed into the sand trap from above, it settles for some time and exits into the second hole located in the middle part. Pollution, sand, silt and other particles remain at the bottom of the tank. Periodically, the sand trap should be freed from this sediment.

Stage #3. Well pumping

When cleaning a well after drilling, the following simple operations are performed:

The pump is lowered into the well so that it is at a certain distance (30-40 or 50-70 cm) from its bottom.
The pump is turned on and the water is pumped out.
After some time, the equipment is removed and washed, immersed in a container of clean water.
The washed pump is again lowered into the well and the dirty water is pumped out.
The procedure is repeated again and again, until a steady flow of clean water appears.

Of course, if the pump fails, it must be replaced with a new device. It should be remembered that as the bottom of the well is flushed, it may drop slightly. The pump is lowered in this way: it is immersed until it reaches the bottom, then 30-40 cm of the cord is selected and fixed. Sometimes the recommended immersion depth is 50-70 cm.

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If the pump is set too high or too low, the results will be unsatisfactory. In the first case, cleaning will be of poor quality, since the main contaminants simply will not get into the pump.

If the pump is suspended too close to the bottom of the well, the flow of contaminants may become too intense. As a result, the pump will quickly become clogged and may soon fail.

There is another version of the development of events. If immersed too low, the pump may simply be pulled into mud or sand. It is not always possible to free a pump stuck in this way, sludge sucks even powerful equipment very strongly.

Sometimes this leads to the complete loss of the well. Again, it makes sense to recall the need to purchase a strong cable for hanging pumping equipment.

The pump, which is used to pump the well at the end of drilling, must be removed frequently and cleaned of accumulated contaminants

To pump out dirty water as efficiently as possible, you should not leave the pump in a static state during operation. Experts recommend smoothly moving it to vertical plane approximately 4-6 cm.

Do not make sudden movements, so as not to damage the equipment. This technique makes it possible to lift contaminants from the cork in parts, which largely prevents clogging of the hose.

For correct pump immersion depth, do not rely on the cord length noted when the pump was first immersed. After each flush, the pump must be lowered again to the very bottom, and then raised to the desired height. If the water stops flowing, the equipment should be immediately disconnected from the power supply.

Perhaps the pump was still sucked into the sludge, or it simply burned out or clogged. In any case, the device must be removed from the shaft and inspected. If after flushing the unit works as before, you can continue pumping.

If the pump breaks down, work will have to stop in order to purchase new equipment. Downtime can be prevented by purchasing another pump in advance. If it is not needed during the pumping process, it can be sold or used for other household needs.

What to do if the pumping is delayed?

Some wells have to be pumped for almost months. If the work is in progress, and the result is not noticeable, it makes sense to recall the main mistakes that novice craftsmen often make when performing work of this type.

Here are the most common:

The pump is too high, therefore, the cleaning of the bottom layers of water is not carried out.
Pump hung too low, it often becomes clogged and may soon break or be sucked into the silt.
Dirty water pours back into the well shaft, which leads to re-contamination of the well.

A simple check of each of these points will allow you to identify and fix the problem before the situation gets really complicated. If the work is delayed, it makes sense to invest in the services of specialists or simply consult with more experienced craftsmen.

Causes of silting and how to eliminate it

When silting or sanding, it is possible to carry out different methods. As a preventive measure, after some downtime or if a slight silting is detected, it is enough to turn on the pump for several hours and pump out water with accumulated sludge. The problems are evidenced by a slight decrease in the debit of the well.

When figuring out how to properly pump a new well, you can find various recommendations, some of which are applicable to cleaning already finished and commissioned facilities. For example, there is a method of cleaning a well using fire truck.

At the same time, a large amount of water under pressure is supplied inside the well, which allows breaking up the contaminants accumulated there, partially washing them out and facilitating further cleaning of the water source.

Muddy water of a clearly brown color with the inclusion of grains of sand and even fine gravel will signal pollution with mineral deposits.

Sign of siltation of a water well

The same can be said about the work with the bailer. This manual way cleansing, in which (severe metal product) are thrown to the bottom of the well in such a way that it breaks and scoops up the dirt and sand accumulated at the bottom. The bailer is taken out, freed from sediment and again thrown to the bottom of the well.

Wells are pumped with the help of a motor pump: Caiman, Hitachi, Honda and so on. The cost of such a unit can be about a thousand dollars, or even two or three thousand, depending on the model.

This method, like those described above, will come in handy in the future, if necessary, and clean it of dirt, sand or silt. But at the end of drilling, pumping equipment should be used.

Conclusions and useful video on the topic

Visually, information about drilling a well and its buildup is presented in the following material:

It will also be useful to study video materials on cleaning household wells:

It can take a lot of time and patience to successfully flush a well. But with the right approach, this problem can be solved quite successfully.

Do you have experience in dealing with well siltation? Please share information with our readers, suggest your own way to solve the problem. You can leave comments in the form below.

Of greater importance for a private house is a stable, high-quality and hassle-free water supply. Therefore, systems that provide reliable sewerage, water supply, and heating in private homes must be handled very carefully.
To ensure high-quality water supply, the issue of purity of the source of water, and then its quality, is acute. But there are times when the water from the well becomes cloudy, although clear, clean water flows from the source.
The article proposes to familiarize yourself with the causes of the appearance and methods for eliminating such contamination of the well with your own hands.

What makes water cloudy

Troubleshooting and their price will depend on the reasons causing such processes.
They can be:

Biological.

Billions of microorganisms invisible to the eye surround each person. They can multiply, die, release waste products into the environment.
They live in the air, on the surface of the earth, in water.
Biological turbidity of water occurs due to:

flowering or silting, when microscopic algae enter the water.
bacterial infection.
Chemical.

The reasons why it comes from the well are chemical reactions that arise as a result of man-made disasters: emissions from chemical plants, unforeseen oil spills. When the barrel is depressurized, oxygen can enter, which enters into an oxidation reaction with iron, causing a change chemical composition water and as a result - its turbidity.

Mechanical.

These are the most common reasons why well water becomes cloudy.
These are problems associated with errors during its drilling and not correct operation equipment, namely:

The backfill is washed out due to the disturbed technology during the installation of the well string. The gravel cushion ceases to cope with the purification of water. The bottom is filled with it and gravel prevents limestone and sand from entering the water.
It broke down and began to work poorly, designed for a certain period of operation, and over time it simply fails.
When the moving layer of rock is displaced, the casing can be depressurized due to its rupture, which leads to improper installation of pipes and their fastening.

Tip: With a good filter, water from such a well can be used for domestic needs, but the primary task should be to restore the integrity of the column.

The operating instructions for the devices categorically prohibit the use of vibration pumps. When they are used, the casing string is destroyed, and as a result, the water intake is clogged.

How to clean a well

Tip: For proper operation, you must not allow a reduced debit to appear in it. Pump out water more often, clean the device in a timely manner.

A laborious but reliable method is cleaning using a bailer.

The bailer cleaning process is as follows:

The bailer sinks to the bottom, then the part rises by about 40 centimeters and is abruptly released.
The part falls to the bottom under its own weight.
The ball releases the bottom hole.
Sand and silt along with water come here.
Under its own weight, the ball falls and the hole closes.
Up to four strokes are enough to half fill the bailer.
Together with water, the bailer smoothly rises to the surface, and is freed from sand and silt. In one lift, the bailer is capable of capturing sand and silt up to 500 grams, which is approximately three centimeters of the height of the silt layer, without water, in a casing pipe with a diameter of 108 millimeters.
These indicators are taken to calculate the frequency, for its normal state.

How to clean a well with a vibration pump

If muddy water appears, the well is well cleaned vibration pump, his general form on the picture. This is the most progressive way, does not require significant physical exertion.
The only disadvantage of using it is the inability to accurately determine the location of the bottom, but this is not always necessary.

Any wells without a narrowed part of the trunk are well cleaned with such a device. It is possible to clean the well from silt deposits in places of narrowing using an additional pump, such as "Kid".
If muddy water and clay come from the well, the cleaning process with a vibration pump is as follows:

Its protruding body is put on the water intake, a rubber or durite hose is put on, after which it is fixed on the pump body with a clamp.
Compulsory insurance helps to ensure the reliability of the hose from slipping. Usually it is a long metal tube, hose large diameter or PVC of sufficient length, which is inserted into the hose and securely fixed. A small weight is attached to the bottom of the hose, this prevents it from floating up after lowering.
First, the pump is lowered until it touches the muddy level, then it rises by 5-10 cm and turns on.
The productivity of this method of well cleaning is 10 times higher than when working with a bailer.

The disadvantage is the inability to lift large sizes particles and increased wear on the service valve.

What is mechanized well cleaning

Wells of great depth are best cleaned mechanically using two paired pumps:

With a lower fence - deep.
Self-priming pump - type "Kama".

At the same time, due to the low pressure of the water supply, the cleaning time of the structure increases, and the slow mulching of water leads to an increase in the duration of the deep pump.

Work instructions include:

Not far from the well, a container with a volume of up to 200 liters is placed.
An old bucket at the bottom with a mesh is attached to the top of the tank.
The hose is immersed in a bucket, water comes out of it from the Kama pump.
A hose is lowered to the bottom of the well, at the end of which there is a load.
A deep pump is inserted into the well above the silt level, and fixed from 30 centimeters from it.

Tip: To fix the pump at the desired height, it is first lowered into the ground until it stops, raised to a predetermined height and fixed.

The well is cleaned from sand by filling, with the help of a pump, the device with water to the upper level.
To stir up and then cloud the silt in top layer water is pumped into the well.
If the flow rate is small, it is necessary to first fill the tank with water, then turn on two pumps at once, at first only the outer one is allowed. This guarantees timely fluid supply for the well, and the long-term operation of the pump increases.
Periodically, you need to move the water supply hose, and lower it as sand or silt is pumped out of the well.

How to clean a well with a fire engine

From the fire truck, the well is cleaned with water from the sleeve under strong pressure. This takes ten minutes.
The cost of such cleaning is quite high, besides, during the operation, filters can be damaged, and even some components of the system. It is allowed to use this method only with very strong pollution of the structure.

How to clean a well with a deep pump

When any other method cannot be used, submersible pumping is used.
This is a fairly simple way, medium in duration and rather laborious process, it is as follows:

At the bottom of the well, it is necessary to stir up the water and everything that it contains.
A small metal ripper attached to a long cord is also lowered here.
The device must be raised and lowered several times. Thus, loosening of sand and silt will occur.
The vibration pump is lowered.
Water is pumped out several times until complete cleaning.

Why the water from the well is cloudy, how to properly clean the device from clay, sand or silt can be seen in the video. This article provides only some recommendations for cleaning wells.
Their timely cleaning will increase the period of use of pumping equipment, and will allow the entire water supply system to be kept clean.