For production you will need:
- gas burner (bought in China)
- oxygen hose 1 meter
- nozzle for a large gas cylinder with left-hand thread
- two clamps
- screwdriver
- scales
- large gas cylinder
Manufacturing process
First of all, let's sort it out gas burner. It is necessary to unscrew the nozzle. It is threaded and can be easily removed. Subsequently, everything can be easily reassembled and used for its intended purpose.
Then we take the hose and put one end on the adapter for a large gas cylinder, and the other on the burner and tighten it well with clamps.
That's all, the adapter is ready. Now it can be screwed onto a gas cylinder.
Important!
It's still gas! Be careful!
This is how I refuel: first I release the remaining air from the can and put it on the scale. The weight of an empty can is 95 grams. Then I connect the can to the adapter and open the valves. The large cylinder must be placed on its side so that the liquid gas flows down to the tap. I usually pour from 150 to 180 grams, no more, for this I hold the valve open for about 10 seconds. After refueling, I put it on the scale again and look at the result.
This is how the adapter turned out, everything is quite quick and simple!
If I missed anything, ask in the comments, I will be happy to answer!
Thank you very much for your attention!
Despite the significant increase in energy prices, gas is still the most common type of fuel. It is used for various purposes, including refueling cars. Installing gas equipment on cars allows you to reduce the cost of purchasing fuel.
You can purchase suitable cylinders and other equipment on the website http://safegas.com.ua/ru/gazovye-ballony/.
Necessary equipment
Gas supplied to residential buildings is much cheaper than liquefied gas at specialized gas stations. Therefore, refill cylinders from kitchen stove much more profitable. But in order to carry out this process yourself, you will need special equipment.
Currently there are two available options:
- industrial mobile gas filling stations. Such equipment is not produced in our country. Therefore, you will have to turn to foreign manufacturers. Installations for filling cylinders with household gas are produced in France, Austria, Germany and many other countries;
- homemade installations. In order to manufacture such equipment, you must have certain skills. It is important to understand that accidents can occur when household gas leaks.
A feature of the equipment that allows you to fill cylinders with household gas is the use of several compressors combined into different circuits. This allows for a gradual increase in gas pressure.
Operating principle of a gas filling plant
Since the gas pressure in the gas pipeline is approximately 0.05 Atm, it must be compressed to 200 Atm before refueling. This problem is solved by the installation for refilling cylinders. It can include from 3 to 5 circuits, while the operating principle will remain unchanged:
- The gas passes through a filter installed at the inlet of the system and enters the circuit cylinder.
- The compressor builds up pressure and the compressed gas is supplied to the cooling radiator.
- The gas is supplied through the pipeline to the next circuit, where even greater compression occurs.
All processes are repeated in each circuit. Before filling the cylinder high pressure, the gas is passed through a molecular filter.
The refueling process lasts from 1.5 to 2 hours. If you use reserve cylinders into which gas will be pumped in advance, the time can be reduced to 10-15 minutes.
When using homemade gas filling equipment, you must be extremely careful. Gas leaks can cause various accidents.
The desire of motorists to switch to gas from the usual gasoline is easy to explain. In this way, it is possible to reduce fuel costs and even extend the life of the car’s power unit.
But for some car enthusiasts this is not enough - they invent unique ways Domestic gas refills.
Is it possible? Which methods are most preferable? When should you expect cost recovery? Let's look at these questions in detail.
Advantages and disadvantages of filling a car with gas
On domestic market car enthusiasts choose between two options - equipment running on methane or propane (propane-butane). The above technologies have a lot of fundamental differences.
In the first case, the fuel is cheaper and is in the form of gas. In the case of propane, the cost of fuel is higher and the gas itself is liquid. All that is required for the transition is to supply gas equipment.
The question is whether it's worth doing.
Advantages of converting your car to gas
Availability.
The main reason why car enthusiasts switch to gas fuel- desire to save money.
On average, the cost of gas is two times lower, which guarantees the benefits and payback of the system in case of long trips.
The price of equipment installation may vary and ranges from 15-50 thousand rubles.
Many experts have calculated and come to the conclusion that after 15-20 thousand kilometers, equipment in the middle price category pays for itself.
In practice, 9 out of 10 car enthusiasts buy a new car and use it.
Increasing engine life.
Gas has an octane number that is higher than that of gasoline, which guarantees its combustion without residue, absence of detonation and minimal load on the engine.
In addition, HBO guarantees more uniform mixing of gas with the air flow, which prevents the lubricant from being washed off from the inside of the cylinders. This is why the motor lasts longer.
Salvation for the environment.
Due to the fact that the gas burns almost completely, the volume of harmful vapors in the exhaust is minimal. If we draw parallels with “diesel” gases from the exhaust pipe, then the level of nitrogen oxide is 60-65 percent lower, and particulate matter is 80 percent lower.
Multifunctionality.
Installing LPG does not mean that the driver must give up the main fuel. Moreover, he has access to gasoline (diesel) or gas at any time. All that is required is to move a special toggle switch to the desired position.
Safety for life.
There are many stereotypes on the Internet that gas equipment explodes during a collision or even spontaneously. In practice, such situations are known, but they are rare. The main thing is to entrust the installation to professionals and undergo periodic maintenance.
In addition, the gas equipment is equipped with safety valves that prevent spontaneous explosion. But that's not all.
Cylinders are installed in such a way as to reduce the risk of contact and explosion in the event of a collision with another object on the road.
At the same time, a lot of experiments were carried out that proved minimal risk to the car.
If there is a leak, it is easy to recognize with the help of odorous elements - mercaptans.
Disadvantages of switching to gas
Maintenance problems.
Despite the popularity of gas equipment, there are not many specialists in setting up and installing such equipment.
The reason is that servicing gas equipment requires expensive equipment, which not all stations are ready to purchase.
When problems arise with the system, you have to spend a lot of time searching for a competent technician.
A small number of gas stations.
The main reason for the small number of gas stations is the difficulty in obtaining permits to refuel cars with such fuel, as well as the high cost of equipment.
On a long trip you have to struggle to find a suitable gas station. The only thing that saves is the ability to quickly switch to gasoline.
Reduced power and dynamics.
The results of the experiments showed that after refueling the car with gas (methane or propane), the power drops by 12-15 percent. Accordingly, the maximum speed is reduced by 6-7 percent.
Problems with starting the engine in low temperatures.
When the ambient temperature drops below 10 degrees below zero, the gas turns into a liquid state and does not enter the system.
In addition, the ignition temperature also increases, which leads to a number of starting problems.
In such a situation, the only solution is to start on gasoline and then switch to gas.
Risk of depressurization when temperature rises.
Cars with HBO are afraid of engine overheating due to the risk of depressurization of the system. For the same reason, you should avoid exposure to direct sunlight.
Increase in vehicle weight and decrease in trunk volume.
It is no secret that installation of gas equipment is carried out in the luggage compartment, which often leads to a lack of space when loading.
On average, 65-70 kilograms are added to the weight of the car and 40 liters of luggage compartment are subtracted.
There are situations when HBO is mounted directly behind the rear seats. In this case, the possibility of folding them and transporting rangefinder loads is excluded.
Is it possible to refuel a car with household gas: basic methods
In recent years, natural gas methane has become popular in the US and EU.
In Italy, almost fifty thousand cars have been converted to this type of blue fuel, and in Germany, dozens of methane gas stations are opened every month.
For this reason, motorists are increasingly switching to more affordable fuel.
The difficulty is that refueling a car with methane requires a pressure of 210-220 atmospheres, which is not always possible to achieve. So, a hundred-liter cylinder holds about 20-25 cubic meters. meter of natural gas.
The highest pressure that the cylinders can hold is 240-260 atmospheres (with a test pressure of 300 atmospheres).
In the United States, Canada and Italy, thousands of motorists fill up with gas in the garage. Gradually, this trend is reaching the CIS countries. All that is required is a compressor costing 5-10 thousand dollars.
The total productivity of the devices is 20 “cubes” in 5-10 hours. By the way, performance depends on two parameters - the level of inlet pressure and the compressor itself.
But there are risks here. If a car owner makes a mistake with the pressure or installation, then the whole area is left without gas.
In addition, the use of a compressor leads to gas being sucked out of the system until the protection at the hydraulic fracturing operation is activated.
According to the rules, the excess pressure should be up to 2 kPa. If gas is collected above the established norm, the gas supply is turned off.
So, in order to fill a cylinder with 20 “cubes” of blue fuel, it is necessary to pump out gas from almost one and a half kilometers of pipe having a diameter of 140 mm.
If the gas supply is carried out at a pressure of 3-12 atmospheres (average level), then refueling a car with gas at home is possible.
With this pressure, it is easier for the compressor to reach the level required for refueling.
Among the problems described above, it is worth noting one more - bureaucratic. Certifying such equipment in the CIS countries is akin to science fiction.
One of the alternatives is the use of the AK-150S compressor, which is used in the military industry and is mounted on various devices - infantry fighting vehicles, tanks, aircraft and other equipment.
How does it all work (gas station with high pressure pump)?
Now let’s take a closer look at the principle on which the system works and what its features are. Unfortunately, for Russia it still looks fantastic.
Everything is easy here. Every car enthusiast has access to a high pressure pump (HP). Simply connect the device to your home gas pipeline and refuel your car.
As for any requirements, you should be guided by the current safety rules regarding gas supply systems. It is also worth noting that the device is connected to electricity, so grounding is required.
If the compressor capacity is 9-10 “cubes” of gas per hour, then full charging is achieved in 1-1.5 hours. In this case, it is not necessary to stand near the car while refueling is taking place. The system is completely safe.
Advantages and disadvantages of filling gas at home
Filling your car with gas at home has a number of advantages:
- Convenience. There is no need to go anywhere to fill the tank;
- Benefit. Refilling with household gas is cheaper.
Flaws:
- High cost of installing gas equipment on a car;
- Purchase costs gas compressor;
- High pressure cylinders are large in size and weight;
- There are not many methane gas stations, so you will have to refuel rarely (perhaps only at home);
- There is a risk of leaving the neighborhood without gas (this was discussed above).
If the mentioned disadvantages do not deter you, then you can decide on such a conversion.
When will everything pay off?
To understand whether it is worth spending money on re-equipping a car, we will carry out a series of simple calculations. To calculate, we take five Gazelle cars, provided that each car travels 250 kilometers per day.
The price of a filling station (with a pressure of 10 “cubes” per hour) is about $3,000. This amount needs to be divided by the number of cars and the cost per car is $600.
It is also worth adding the cost of HBO - 400-500 dollars. Total - 1000 US dollars per car.
A gazelle consumes an average of 18 liters per hundred. As for blue fuel, the consumption here is almost the same.
One “cube” of methane in Russia costs 15 rubles, or about 23 cents. It turns out that per 100 km of travel the costs are $4.14.
If you travel on gasoline, the costs are twice as high. One liter costs about 34 rubles - 50 cents. Accordingly, 100 km will require 9 dollars.
For every hundred kilometers, the savings amount to almost five dollars.
To pay for the equipment, the machine must travel 20 thousand kilometers.
If we consider that a total of five cars travel 1,250 kilometers, then the costs will be recouped quickly - in 80 working days. The greater the daily mileage, the faster the payback occurs.
The issue of installing a gas unit is especially acute if the car’s consumption is 25-30 liters per “hundred”. In such a situation, the cost of equipment will pay off within 50-60 days.
Results
Transferring a car or refueling a car with gas at home should not happen in a rush. Here it is worth carefully calculating costs and payback.
If vehicle If it travels 1-2 thousand kilometers a year, there is no need to re-equip the car. It’s another matter if the driver almost never leaves the wheel. In such a situation, switching to LPG is a chance to really reduce costs and recoup them within 3-4 months.
Gasoline prices are growing at such a pace that you don’t have time to remember them and more and more often drivers are thinking about alternative types fuel. Alas, the high cost of electric vehicles does not yet allow a massive transition to them, and the same applies to hydrogen fuel. Now the most effective way Savings on refueling are provided by equipping the vehicle with gas cylinder equipment () and using natural gas (methane) or liquefied gas (propane, butane) as fuel. Propane is obtained during oil refining, but methane is the same gas that we all use for cooking. gas stoves, it is supplied through pipes to most apartments and private houses. Moreover, if you compare prices for 1 cubic meter. meter of methane at gas stations (about 15 rubles) and gas prices for the population (about 4 rubles), then a significant difference is visible. Therefore, many people have a reasonable question: is it possible to refuel a car with LPG with regular household gas at home?
Indeed, such a possibility exists, but this does not mean that you can simply connect the hose from gas pipe to the car and refuel it. The fact is that in the cylinders installed on the car, the gas is under a pressure of 200 atmospheres, so to pump it you need a special compressor capable of compressing the gas to the required pressure and supplying it to the cylinders. Such equipment exists, although it is mostly imported and it is not cheap - from 3,000 euros. But craftsmen have learned to adapt the AK-150S military compressor for these purposes, which is used on tanks, airplanes, infantry fighting vehicles and other military equipment. To completely fill a car with methane, depending on the type of compressor used, it will take from 4 to 10 hours, so it is better to perform this procedure at night. By the way, it's night best time for refueling and for one more reason - fewer people use gas at this time, which means the load that the compressor creates on the gas main will be less noticeable, because a 100-liter cylinder contains approximately 20 cubic meters of gas and in order to fill it you need to pump out methane from 1 .3 km pipeline network low pressure diameter 140 mm. This may trigger the automatic protection system at the gas distribution substation, and the technical inspection system of the gas supply company will sooner or later identify the cause of excess gas consumption.
You don’t need to obtain any special permits to refuel with methane at home, but you also don’t need to approach the gas specialists with questions. once again It’s not worth it - they’ll probably find something to dig into. It is clear that such a trick will not work in an apartment; this can only be done in a private house connected to a gas pipeline. And of course, for commercial purposes (i.e., to refuel anyone who wants it for money), no one will allow you to open such a gas station at home. An alternative is to cooperate with your neighbors in the village, buy a compressor together and take turns refueling, then the costs will pay off very quickly. You just need to remember about safety precautions. Speaking of costs, don’t forget that the compressor consumes a lot of electricity, so the cost of refueling increases. However, some particularly cunning fellow citizens manage to save money here too, rewinding and electric meter and gas, but that’s a completely different topic. We invite you to watch a video showing how home installations for filling household gas into a car work in Ukraine. By the way, gas prices for the population there are lower than in Russia...
How to independently convert a car for gas filling at home
Today we will talk about how to refuel your cars with natural gas at home from a regular kitchen stove. We will also consider methods, technologies, instructions, drawings and descriptions of compressors and pumps for liquefying methane or propane to refuel a car with clear photos. Let's find out how to make a mini-gas car filling station at home
Due to its low cost and environmental friendliness in use, natural gas is widely used in the automotive industry. However, on the way from the main gas pipeline to the consumer's filling cylinder, natural gas goes through several more intermediate stages.
Without a doubt, running a car on natural gas is more economically profitable. And the more powerful and large-volume the engine, the faster the gas equipment pays off and the more significant the savings. At the gas filling station, gas is pumped into the vehicle's refueling cylinder. The operating pressure of the compressor is 1.6 MPa (16 atm). The gas pressure in a car cylinder depends on the temperature environment and varies widely.
Thus, at an air temperature of 0 o C, the pressure in the cylinder is 0.3 MPa (3 atm), and at a temperature of 20 o C its value increases to 1.2 MPa (12 atm). In addition to vehicles, gas filling stations refill cylinders for use liquefied gas by the population for domestic purposes and at small and medium-sized businesses.
In previous materials, we provided calculations for reducing fuel costs, and came to the conclusion that under any conditions, the cost of one kilometer is reduced on average by half. Now imagine that costs can be reduced not by half, but by 6-10 times. Do you think this is unrealistic? In fact, it is possible. We will tell you how further. You can refuel your car at home from the domestic gas network. As you know, household gas tariffs for the population are orders of magnitude lower than the price of gas at gas stations. And this is even through the counter.
If there is no meter and you pay standard (albeit inflated) tariffs, then everything is clear. Yes, it turns out that you will be refueling your car for practically nothing. By the way, in the West or in America such domestic gas stations They are increasingly gaining popularity, although there is not much difference in the price of gas in the kitchen and at the gas station. It’s a different matter for us... When calculating the cost per kilometer of travel on gasoline and methane (based on the energy intensity of 1 cubic meter of methane = 1 liter of gasoline), we took the cost at specialized gas stations as a basis.
I think everyone understands the savings - even according to the most conservative estimates, at least more than 10 times, provided that you pay everything honestly according to the household gas meter.
In addition to this, refueling your car with natural gas from a household network connected to your house or apartment will allow you to:
Let us repeat, the main thing is to reduce the cost of refueling a car. The cost of methane is several times lower than the cost of gasoline. The more intensively the car is used, the higher the economic effect.
Extend engine life. Methane gas, like propane-butane, does not wash away the oil film from the walls of the engine cylinders, which provides excellent lubrication of the piston group parts. In addition, methane, unlike gasoline, does not contain various additives that oxidize the oil itself, which has a positive effect on the service life and stability of engine oil characteristics. Plus, this extends the life of the spark plugs by about a quarter. Reducing wear on engine parts increases engine life by 1.5-2 times, and the service life of engine oil by 2-2.5 times.
The high octane number of natural gas (104-115) allows it to be used for any engines (ZAZ, LuAZ, VAZ, GAZ, Moskvich, UAZ, etc.), as well as in the engines of most foreign cars. This also applies to trucks.
Significantly reduce emissions of harmful combustion products into the atmosphere. When using gas as a vehicle fuel, there are completely no emissions of harmful toxic compounds of lead and aromatic compounds, emissions of CO, CH, and nitrogen oxides are reduced significantly, and smoke from the exhaust pipe is reduced three times. Even if you are not an ardent fan of “green” cars, cars with installed methane gas equipment are exempt from environmental control when passing inspection.
You can purchase a ready-made factory mobile gas filling station. Unfortunately, the domestic industry does not produce them (that’s understandable; no one will be given permission), and there are already quite a lot of foreign samples. For example, they are mass-produced by Neuman ESSER (Germany), Maschinenfabrik (Austria), Litvin (France) and many others. The only, but very significant, disadvantage is the price. These gas stations are not cheap, especially for a person who wants to save on it. In reality, everything turned out to be banal simple. Anyone can buy a special high-pressure pump, which connects to a low-pressure household gas pipeline and refueles a car equipped with LPG (methane gas).
In this case, no special permits or safety requirements are required from the owner. Let me emphasize – special! And then it’s just a fairy tale. You connect a special high-pressure hose to the charging connector of the car, and... you will have to wait a little longer than at a branded gas station.
How many? It all depends on the performance of the pump you choose. For example, the weakest one with a capacity of 3 cubic meters per hour can spend 5-6 hours to fill one cylinder, but an average capacity of 10 cubic meters per hour will only take an hour and a half. How long would you say? And you count how much time your car sits idle near your house. During this time, he can easily refuel. You are sleeping, the car is refueling. When the limit pressure is reached, the system will automatically turn off. In the morning, a car with filled cylinders awaits you. Everything is great, especially since the bills not spent on fuel continue to lie in your pocket, and not at the gas station cash register.
Household gas compressors for car refueling, gas cylinders at home with natural gas from a low pressure network
1. description of the type: -TypeX compressors; - Cooling - air; -Productivity: 2 Nm3/h; -Inlet gas pressure:0.017-0.035 bar -Outlet gas pressure:200 bar
2. General characteristics of XF-2/0.017-0.035-200 natural gas compressor-supercharger for refueling vehicles, cylinders with a pressure of 20Mpa. Refill time 5-6 hours, small size, light weight, excellent performance, safety, cost-effectiveness and durability.
3. Basic specifications Stroke: 14 mm Rotation speed: 1000 rpm Number of stages
4 Input temperature: Ambient temperature +10° First compression stage: pressure: 0.39 MPa Second compression stage: pressure: 1.9 MPa Third compression stage: pressure: 6.5 MPa Fourth compression stage: pressure: 20 MPa Motor power 1.1 kW Voltage: 200-240 V Frequency: 50 Hz Rated current: 6.6 A Noise level: 55 dB Weight: 105 kg Dimensions: 810 * 660 * 640 mm
Everything is good and wonderful, but we still add a fly in the ointment to this beautiful ointment. With all the visible advantages of using a home gas station, there are no less disadvantages.
Firstly, the cost of installing LPG.
Secondly, the cost of a gas compressor.
Thirdly, the weight and dimensions of high-pressure cylinders.
Fourthly, the network of methane gas stations is not extensive enough (you have to drive not only near your home).
But there is a category of citizens for whom these disadvantages are not critical. They use a vehicle not only to move their mortal body from home to work and back, they make money from it. For those whose cars have a huge annual mileage, switching to methane and installing a gas filling station is a completely relevant solution.
We have sorted out the payback, but with the sizes of cylinders for storing methane, everything is not so simple. They are not suitable for use in small passenger cars. Their large weight and size simply do not allow them to be painlessly introduced into the design of a car. Most likely, methane gas is an excellent alternative for huge pickup trucks and American SUVs. There, in the back, a couple of large, eighty-liter cylinders will not take up much space.
You can make such a compressor yourself. The option, again tens of times cheaper, but requires desire, time and, most importantly, “straight” hands, moreover, they must grow from right place.
The following article is for those who are interested in the second method. The implementation of the first does not need much explanation.
Guide self-production a set of gas cylinder equipment for refueling a car with household gas
At the beginning, it is necessary to clarify: there are gas equipment for compressed gas and equipment for liquefied gas. Equipment for compressed gas uses ordinary natural gas - methane, which can be taken from the residential household or industrial gas network. The only problem is how to fill this gas into a car at home.
In a regular gas pipeline supplied to a home stove, water heater or boiler, the pressure of natural gas is about 0.05 Atm, and in a high-pressure gas cylinder up to 200 Atm. Therefore, a compressor is needed that will raise the gas pressure to the required value. The design of such a compressor is somewhat different from that used in conventional household devices.
A conventional single-circuit compressor is capable of raising the pressure to a maximum of 20 -25 Atm., and to refill a gas cylinder it is necessary to reach 200 Atm. This is achieved by adding additional circuits to the system. It looks like a set of several compressors, each subsequent, of which presses the gas pre-compressed by the previous one to a higher pressure.
IN general case The high pressure compressor circuit looks like this.
The operating principle of a compressor for filling a car with gas:
Gas from the domestic gas pipeline through the inlet filter (1) is supplied through the inlet valve (2) into the primary circuit cylinder. Compression occurs and through the exhaust valve (3) through the pipeline through the cooling radiator (4) it is supplied to the cylinder of the next circuit. Next, the gas pre-compressed in the primary circuit is pressurized to further higher pressure. All processes are repeated in the third circuit. The number of circuits can be increased to five. There are three of them in the above diagram. But this does not change the principle.
Natural gas compressed to the required pressure (this is about 200 atm.) passes through the pressure switch (11), is purified in a molecular filter and, through a safety valve, is supplied to the cylinder of the car being refueled or to a reserve high-pressure cylinder. Refilling time will depend entirely on the productivity of the installation.
In order to speed up the time it takes to refuel a car, you can use additional stationary cylinders. Then, in free time, the compressor pumps gas into these stationary cylinders. And when you need to quickly refuel your car, you distill the methane directly from them. Thus, you can reduce the refueling time to 10-15 minutes.
Description homemade device for refueling a car with household gas.
As previously stated, this requires a high-pressure compressor (up to 200 kg/cm2). You can use compressors such as GP4, NG-2, AKG-2, but they require a powerful electric motor, which is not suitable for many. A good option- this is the use of an AK 150C aircraft compressor. It is used on modern armored vehicles and in aviation. This compressor is quite small-sized, lightweight, and requires a low-power electric motor of 1.5-3 kW, which allows it to be connected to an apartment or garage electrical network. The main question is where to get it. But believe me, this is not as difficult a task as it seems at first glance. It often happens that they can be written off, having spent no more than 10% of their resource. He who seeks will always find (sometimes for very little money or liquid barter
From the household gas network through a rubber hose (possibly from a gas welding machine), gas is supplied through a valve to the gas filter (7). A pressure meter (2), connected through an adapter (3), serves to monitor the pressure in the gas network. The gas in the filter (7) is cleared of foreign impurities and supplied to the compressor (10), where it increases to 150 kg/cm2. Then the gas enters the moisture separator (18), high-pressure gas filter (19), pressure automatic (20) type ADU-2S. After this, gas is supplied to the filling valve.
When the pressure rises above 150 kg/cm2, the ADU 2 valve opens and the gas returns through the tube (23) to the compressor inlet. The NMP 100 type pressure meter is used with measurement limits of 0-400 mm water. Art.
Function gas filter Can perform new fine fuel filter for diesel engines. To release condensate from the moisture separator, a tap (17) is used. To control the pressure at the compressor outlet, a pressure gauge (22) (0-250) kg/cm2 is installed.
The housing (11) is attached to the compressor flange (1) using sheet metal and studs (8) through a gasket (10). A plate (12) is welded to the bottom of the housing to secure the compressor with a lubrication unit (Fig. 5). A type 205 bearing (4) is pressed into the housing (11) (Fig. 3). A bushing (7) from a slot is pressed into the bearing, which is secured with a retaining ring (19). The splined shaft (6) of the compressor enters the bushing on one side, and on the other side a shaft (17) is pressed in, the key of which fits into the splines of the bushing (7). This is done to avoid cutting splines on the shaft (17). After pressing, the shaft (17) is carefully welded to the bushing (7).
After this, the housing (11) is closed with a cover (14) with an oil seal (13). The cover is secured with bolts (5). A drive pulley (15) with a key (16) is mounted on the other end of the shaft (17). The compressor lubrication unit is shown in Fig. 2 and fig. 5. The base is a tank (24) (Fig. 2), which can be made from a rectangular profile or welded from tin. The drive unit with the compressor is attached to the top of the tank. The hole (13) (Fig. 3) must coincide with the hole (11) (Fig. 5) of the tank. On top of the tank in convenient location a hole is cut to which the filler neck (3) and cap (2) are welded (Fig. 5).
A hole is drilled in the lower part of the tank for the drain plug (14) (Fig. 2). A hole is drilled in the side wall of the tank for the oil pump (1) and the pump drive shaft (17). The oil pump is attached to the wall of the reservoir with studs.
Hole (4) (Fig. 5) serves to supply oil to the pump. Shafts (6) and (17) are connected using a plate (7) and a bushing (8). To secure the bearing (12), there is a housing (15) with a cover (16) and an oil seal (13). The cover is attached to the body using bolts (14). A pulley (18) with a key is put on the shaft (17). The oil pump is used from a GAZ-51, 52, 69 car, but it should be kept in mind that the pumps differ in the length of the drive shaft.
Used to monitor the oil level observation window(11) of arbitrary design. The lubrication system works like this. The torque from the electric motor pulley is transmitted through a belt drive to the pulley (16) (Fig. 2), (18) (Fig. 5) and through the shaft (17), bushing (8) and plate (7) is transmitted to the shaft (6) pump drive (1). The oil enters through the hole (4) into the pump (1) (Fig. 5), (8) (Fig. 2), passes through the adapter (3), into which the car pressure sensor (4) is screwed, and is supplied through the tube to the inlet fitting (12) oil supply to the compressor. Fitting (12) in fig. 2 is conditionally deployed. It is screwed into the hole (3) (Fig. 3). The diameter of the thread depends on the tube you have, which can be used from hydraulic system automotive and tractor units.
Next, the oil passes through the lubrication channels of the compressor (Fig. 3, Fig. 4), collects at the bottom and is discharged through the oil drain hole Fig. 4, fig. 11 (part 11) then flows through the hole (13) (Fig. 3) into the tank (24) (Fig. 2). Part of the oil passes through the bearing (4) (Fig. 3) and lubricates it. Part (7) ( Fig. 11) can be made from a compressor drive gear, which must be purchased. To do this, it is necessary to grind the ring gear to the dimensions shown in Fig. 11 (part 7). You can connect a car light bulb to the pressure sensor (4) (Fig. 2).
Instead of a sensor, you can connect a pressure gauge for monitoring. In order to remove the gas that has broken through the piston rings into the drive unit housing, there is a threaded hole at the top of the housing (Fig. 11), (detail 11), section A-A, into which the fitting (13) is screwed (Fig. 2). A rubber tube is put on the fitting and brought above the roof of the garage or house. Although the design of the filling device provides for the localization of possible gas emissions into the room, it is advisable to install it outside the room.
On average, filling gas cylinders takes 1-1.5 hours. To reduce refueling time, two compressors can be paired. Truck owners can use 4 compressors. In Fig. 10 shows the principle electrical diagram turning on a 3-phase electric motor in single-phase network.
Voltage to the IM motor is supplied through circuit breaker Q1, magnetic starter MP. When you press the “start” button, relay P1 is activated, which, with its contacts P1.2, supplies voltage to the coil of the MP starter and connects the starting capacitors Sp with contacts P1,1. At the same time, the starter is triggered and connects the motor and operating capacitors Ср to the network. At the same time, the block contacts of the MP 1.1 starter close and the starter becomes self-locking.
When you release the Start button, Sp is disabled. When you press the “Stop” button or when the RT motor thermal protection relay is triggered, the circuit opens, the starter turns off, the engine turns off and the circuit returns to its original position. When connecting the motor windings with a triangle, Ср=4800 (IHOM/U), where IHOM is the rated current of the motor, U is the network voltage. Sp=(2-3)Avg.
When storing a car in a garage, a tube is put on the fitting, which is led above the roof of the garage. With this design, you will be completely guaranteed against any gas leaks. Before using cylinders, it is necessary to check their operating pressure, volume, and technical condition. The outer surface must not have dents, cracks, deep scratches and traces of corrosion. Near the neck of the HP it is indicated:
- date of test and date of next test;
- type of heat treatment (N - normalization, W - hardening and tempering);
- operating pressure;
- test hydraulic pressure (p225);
- actual weight, factory mark,
To connect gas pipelines, special adapters are used (Fig. 8), which are screwed into the cylinder instead of a valve, lubricating the threads with red lead. The tightening torque of the adapter is 45-50 kg/m (450-500) Nm. This can be checked with a special torque wrench, which can be borrowed from a car service station. When the valve or adapter is fully screwed in, there should be 2-5 turns of thread left on its threaded part. The size of the tapered thread (Fig. 8) depends on the types of cylinders.
High-pressure pipes have a non-gasket nipple connection, which, when the union nut is tightened, rests against the conical surface of the fitting and, when deformed, seals the connection. If you purchased old tubes, you need to cut off the end of the tube with the nipple and put on a new nipple, coat it with lead, and tighten the union nut. After carefully tightening everything threaded connections The filling valve is opened, the filling device is connected and air is pumped to half the operating pressure, the connections are checked, and if there are no gaps, air is pumped to the full operating pressure.
Air leaks must be eliminated after the pressure has been completely relieved. If there are no gaps, then open the filling valve and completely bleed air from the system and pump gas into the cylinder. After this, open the flow valve and let gas flow to the high pressure reducer and check its operation.
To do this, use the fitting (13) (Fig. 1) to set the gas pressure at the outlet to 10 kg/cm2, then purge the low-pressure system with gas until air is completely removed, start the engine on gas and check the pressure at the outlet of the HP reducer. may fall a little. All work must be carried out outside the premises. After this, the operation is checked safety valve gearbox To do this, tighten the fitting (13) (Fig. 1) smoothly and gradually increase the pressure at the outlet of the reducer until the valve operates. It should operate at a pressure of 15-17 kg/cm2.
If the valve operates at a different pressure, the locknut on the valve must be loosened and the actuation adjusted. After this, check the tightness of the main valve. To do this, completely unscrew the fitting (13), while gas should not enter the low pressure line. If the pressure slowly increases, then the valve seat in the gearbox is changed or taken to a workshop. If everything is in order, make a test drive and check the low pressure reducer.
How to do this is well described in the operating instructions for liquefied gas equipment and there is no need to describe it. It should be borne in mind that when using a low pressure reducer from a liquefied gas nozzle, your car may slightly lose dynamism. To prevent this from happening, you can drill out the jets in the gearbox by 1-2 tens, but then the mileage and efficiency will decrease. So the decision is yours.
You need to know that natural gas is lighter than air and rises, unlike liquefied gas, which spreads along the ground and fills all the cracks and basements. Therefore, during operation it is necessary to take this feature into account.
Before each departure and return to the garage, after Maintenance and repairs it is necessary to do a leak test gas system. Most available methods detection of gas leaks - this is odor control and soaping soap solution. If you smell gas while driving, the problem must be repaired. If you cannot eliminate the malfunction, you must release the gas from the cylinders into the atmosphere (in the absence of people, open fire, or other cars nearby).
If the gearbox freezes and the engine starts in winter, it is necessary to use hot water, the use of open fire is strictly prohibited! When gas equipment catches fire, it is necessary to close the valves and turn off the refueling system. To put out a fire, have a carbon dioxide fire extinguisher on hand. In this case, it is necessary to water the cylinders with water to prevent the pressure in them from increasing.
Once every three years, it is necessary to check high-pressure cylinders with a hydraulic test, and once a year, they must be tested. It is strictly forbidden to attach them to the surface of cylinders by welding. structural elements. When refueling a car, it is necessary to monitor the gas pressure at the inlet and outlet of the compressor, the temperature of the cylinders, and the pressure in the lubrication system. There should be no people in the vehicle during refueling.
If gas leaks are detected, refueling must be performed under the following conditions: refuel only with the flow valve closed, do not stand near the refueling hose when refueling, do not tighten the nuts while refueling under pressure, and do not knock with metal objects on the parts of the refueling system. The filling hose must only be disconnected after the filling valve has been closed. When the operating pressure in the cylinders is reached, it is necessary to turn off the compressor engine, close the filling valve, and close the valve at the compressor inlet.
In conclusion, I would like to say that the task was to give you a simplified, affordable and at the same time safe and efficient design of a refueling device, which you can assemble in a fairly short time and receive moral and material pleasure from your work.
And finally, let’s please environmentalists and the Greenpeace community. An engine running on methane has much less toxic exhaust gases. The amount of toxic carbon monoxide CO is reduced by more than three times ( carbon monoxide), 1.6 times – the content of carcinogenic hydrocarbons CH, consisting of particles of unburned fuel. The concentration of nitrogen oxide NO and NO2 dioxide when the engine is running on gas is reduced by 1.2 times.
What conclusions can be drawn from this? Converting modern cars to methane, although expensive, is a simple operation. At the same time, due to the lower cost of gas, the costs are quickly recouped. If we take into account the possibility of installing a gas station at home, then this is the most cost-effective option existing on the market.
