Common parsnip, or field parsnip, or field parsnip (Pastinaca sativa) in the wild is widespread in regions with a temperate climate (central Russia, the North Caucasus, Crimea, the Urals, Altai, etc.), but is still rarely found in garden plots. True, today the popularity of parsnips is growing quite actively. In animal husbandry and beekeeping it is used as a fodder plant and honey plant, and in cooking as a tasty and healthy vegetable.
A universal favorite among decorative deciduous perennials, the hosta captivates not only with the beauty of its leaves. It is durable and relatively undemanding, in right place has been growing for many years, but it can hardly be called fast-growing. Hosta propagates easily, although to obtain spectacular, highly decorative bushes you will have to be patient. To independently increase your hosta collection, first of all, you need to remember the characteristics of this culture.
Dill spreads well by self-sowing, so many summer residents do not consider it necessary to sow this crop every year on their site. But everyone understands that dill and dill are different. And the greens of carefully grown dill in the garden in their own way taste qualities and the aroma, as a rule, is superior to dill, which grows on its own. In this article we will tell you how to have green dill in your garden beds in sufficient quantities from early spring to late autumn.
Stir-fry with beef, soy noodles, vegetables and Iceberg salad - a recipe for a quick dinner or lunch for busy man. It takes no more than 15 minutes to prepare, and you can feed it to a couple of hungry mouths that can’t bear to wait for a fancy lunch. Stir-fry is a method of quickly frying vegetables and meat that came to us from the east. Don't be upset if you don't have a wok. kitchen utensils. A regular frying pan with a thick bottom and non-stick coating will do too.
Among plants that boast variegated foliage, alpinia claims to be not only the rarest, but also the most original crop. It simultaneously reminds of bamboos and calathea arrowroots, and sometimes even of vriesea. True, it resembles the latter only in its inflorescences. Luxurious leaves, most often covered with variegated contrasting stripes, look so modern that it is impossible not to admire the beauty of their impeccable patterns and shine.
Vegetarian cabbage rolls made from savoy cabbage with mushrooms - steamed cabbage rolls for dietary, vegetarian and lenten menus. Stuffed cabbage rolls are incredibly tasty, very appetizing, and, if applicable to food, beautiful, unlike their counterparts from white cabbage, stewed in a Dutch oven or fried in a frying pan. Savoy cabbage is tastier than white cabbage, the head is loose, it is easier to separate it into individual leaves. The color of the leaves ranges from soft green to emerald.
IN winter time Every summer resident is looking forward to spring and is happy to open the season with the first plantings of flowers and vegetable crops for seedlings. But, unfortunately, the space on the windowsill is limited, and it is not always possible to place the required number of seedlings in cups in the apartment. In addition, some of the crops may simply not grow, some will die... And for us, summer residents, no matter how much we plant, it’s not enough! Therefore, almost every gardener buys at least some seedlings.
Growing annuals in the garden has at least two advantages over growing perennial flowers. Firstly, most popular annual plants bloom profusely throughout the growing season. Secondly, many annuals sow freely and appear in the garden year after year with minimal participation from the grower. Which annuals can be planted only once, and then, following simple techniques, can be seen in the garden every season?
You can make jellied meat and meat salad with onions from pork knuckle. The shank, especially the hind shank, is a very tasty and affordable part of the pork carcass that can feed a small company. A 2-kilogram shank will yield a bowl of meat salad and a large plate of jellied meat. There will still be some meat broth left over, which I advise you to use to cook cabbage soup or borscht. For this dish, we take a hind shank weighing from 1.7 to 2 kilograms; I advise you to ask the butcher for the meatiest one.
Eggplants require sunny but short days, medium-warm temperatures without sweltering heat, sufficient moisture, but without flooding the root system. Provide such conditions in open ground Most regions of Russia are quite difficult. Therefore, previously eggplants were grown only in protected soil conditions. With the development of selection, it became possible to grow eggplants in open ground not only in the southern regions, but also in middle lane.
Among predator plants, the sundew rightly claims to be the brightest and most expressive beauty. This plant attracts, first of all, its unusual textures and play of colors. But the feeding mechanism of this swamp and quite hardy miracle is so exotic that it is very easy to forget about sundews as plants, primarily ornamental ones. Sundews are quite demanding when it comes to humidity, but they are not that difficult to grow in ordinary living spaces.
Chocolate cake with custard made from simple and affordable ingredients turns out to be so delicious that rarely anyone limits themselves to one piece. The sponge cakes are moist and feel like they are made from real dark chocolate, even though the recipe only calls for cocoa powder. The creamy custard is delicate and light and goes well with chocolate sponge cake. All this splendor of tastes complements coconut flakes, the ingredient is simple, but in this recipe, it’s like a cherry on the cake.
Although the calendar spring begins in March, it is very difficult to call this month spring. But May is already a real long-awaited spring, filled with aromas and the multicolor of awakened nature. Fresh young leaves on trees and bushes attract the eye, yearning for greenery during the long months of winter. In May, the parade of primroses continues in the garden, delighting with variegated foliage and flowering ornamental shrubs, perennials, conifers are renewed.
In the middle zone, the formation of grapes suggests the possibility of shelter for the winter period, which means that the focus should be on keeping the head of the bush at soil level. Even further north on big harvest there is no need to count, but for such areas there are also pruning principles. The article discusses the sleeve-fan scheme for forming a grape bush, often used in the middle zone, and the cordon scheme, which has shown itself well in regions with a more severe climate.
Beef with eggplants with vegetable sauce in the oven is a simple, very tasty and not very high-calorie dish, which is quite relevant nowadays. The sauce is made from vegetables only, no flour, sugar, milk or cream. The meat is without fat, and yet it turns out juicy and tender. Can be replaced with chicken fillet or veal. The eggplants do not need to be fried first, just add a little salt to make them soft. TO ready-made dish I recommend making a light yogurt sauce.
How to grow chicory salad? What varieties of endive lettuce are grown?
Varieties of salad chicory and their description
❖ Cone- a medium-early variety in terms of forcing time. Period from germination to technical ripeness—- 98-115 days. The forcing period (from planting root crops to mass ripeness of heads of cabbage) is 17-30 days. The head of cabbage is medium, with a diameter of 4-5 cm, a height of 14-16 cm, ellipsoidal in shape, weighing 90-100 g. The flesh of the head of cabbage is white, juicy. The yield of root crops is 2-4 kg/m2, the yield of heads of cabbage during forcing is 10-15 kg/m2.
❖ Rocket- mid-late. The period from germination to technical ripeness of root crops is 130-155 days. The root crop is elongated-conical, 20 cm long and 4 cm in diameter at the top. The weight of the root crop is up to -250 g. The forcing period (from planting the root crops to the economic suitability of the heads of cabbage) is 30 days. The head is elongated-ovoid, dense, 12 cm high, 5 cm in diameter. The covering leaves are white with a yellowish tint, the flesh of the head is white. The weight of the cabbage is 90 g, the yield of cabbages during forcing is up to 15 kg/m2.
How to grow endive lettuce planting material
A ridge is allocated for growing root crops. The best predecessors: cabbage and potatoes. In the fall, potassium and phosphorus fertilizers are applied (50 g/m2 of superphosphate and potassium sulfate). In the spring, ammonium nitrate (20-30 g/m2) and potassium sulfate (30-40 g/m2) are added to the digging.
Sow the seeds endive salad when persistently warm weather sets in. The sowing scheme is the same as for carrots. Care of crops consists of loosening and watering (in case of spring lack of moisture). During the period of root crop formation, fertilize with Kemira Universal complex fertilizer (30 g per 10 l).
Root crops are harvested at the end of September in dry weather. Selected root crops are trimmed, maintaining the growth cone (the height of the leaf petioles is 3-4 cm). A standard root vegetable should be 3-5 cm in diameter, 20-25 cm long, and its average weight is 150-160 g. Root vegetables are stored in boxes in the basement.
How is chicory distilled?
The optimal time for forcing endive lettuce is December-March. Any room with a temperature of 14-15 °C is suitable for forcing. At home, you can expel it in containers with a nutrient solution. The container for forcing is a plastic box 40-45 cm high. Coarse sand is poured onto the bottom of the box to a height of 4-5 cm. At this height there should be a hole to control the level of the solution.
Clean and length-sorted root vegetables are placed vertically, close to each other. The nutrient solution is prepared from soluble complex fertilizer"Kemira Universal" (10 g per 10 l). The sand should be kept moist, but excess mortar can be drained from the hole to control the mortar level. The temperature under the box should be 18-20 °C, above the box 14-15 °C. The box is closed with opaque material.
The first heads of cabbage can be harvested after 20-25 days. It is possible to reuse root crops.
Endive belongs to the daisy family and is a close relative of the dandelion. The plant is popularly known as chicory salad. Endive is a plant with a light green head and green leaves. The characteristic curling of the leaves makes endive look like a regular lettuce. In general, at first glance, it may seem that endive is the curly lettuce, although in fact it is a salad vegetable.
Endive has a bitter taste, so it is not as popular as other lettuce varieties. It goes on sale in dense heads of cabbage, which consist of smooth, uncut leaves. The heads of cabbage, colored cream with green splashes, can reach a length of approximately 12 cm (see photo).
Asia Minor is considered the homeland of endive, and today the plant is popular in America and Europe.
How to select and store?
It is important to be able to choose the right endive so that it is as healthy and tasty as possible. Give preference to options with bright, juicy, crispy leaves. You should refuse to purchase if the head of cabbage has limp, yellow, colorless or too hard leaves. You should not buy endive if there is mucus, cracks or other damage on the head. If there are dents on the head of cabbage, the salad is stale and you should also refuse to purchase it.
Hard, discolored or yellow leaves do not contain useful substances V required quantity. When choosing endive root, it is better to give preference to smooth white heads.
Eco-friendly endive just needs to be washed running water, to remove dirt and sand. If you are not sure about the safety of the plant, wash the leaves with a solution apple cider vinegar, salt and water. A simple procedure will protect you from pesticide poisoning.
Endive should be stored in a place away from fruits and vegetables. Before storing, the salad must be thoroughly rinsed and dried, and then wrapped in a damp cloth or placed in a vacuum container. Storage time up to 1 week.
Cultivation and homeland of endive
Endive was discovered by a Belgian farmer back in 1830. A chance discovery by a farmer and attention to the new plant by chefs of the time made chicory salad famous throughout the world.
Northern India and Asia Minor are considered the birthplace of this amazing product. Specially, lettuce chicory began to be grown starting in the 18th century in Holland, the Mediterranean countries, the Baltic states, England and France.
The plant is grown in a sunny place, because in the shade the naturally high nitrate content increases significantly. Sowing is carried out from mid-June to mid-July. This time is considered the most favorable for planting, because the sown ahead of schedule As a result of low temperatures, chicory will grow without forming heads. If you sow endive after the specified period, the heads of cabbage will not be large enough.
Before endive can be sold, it must be carefully prepared. The leaves of the plant are bleached using a special technology, covering the pots of chicory salad with large plastic containers. Thanks to this technology, the plant loses its excessive bitterness and at the same time its leaves become much lighter.
Beneficial features
The benefits of endive are: chemical composition product. Salad is the leader among many products in terms of vitamin A content, which is necessary for vision, and it also takes an active part in the production of collagen, which is important for the skin. Fresh juice from this plant helps to tone the muscular system of the eyes. The benefits of taking chicory salad are visible within a few weeks, and With regular use, you can achieve maximum vision restoration.
Recent experiments have shown that endive contains a large number of inulin, which reduces blood sugar levels, which is especially important for diabetics and obese people. Thus, the benefit of the leafy vegetable lies in its sugar-lowering properties. It is worth noting that chicory root contains about 60 percent inulin. In general, due to its sugar-lowering properties the plant must be present in the menu of a person suffering from diabetes.
The plant also contains a large amount of B vitamins, which are especially important for the functioning of the nervous system, muscle tissue and many metabolic processes.
Endive contains a large amount of dietary fiber, which helps cope with hunger, as well as cleanse the intestines of waste products and get rid of constipation. If we take into account the low calorie content, we can say that endive is great product for weight loss.
Endive contains intibin, a substance that has a positive effect on the functioning of the digestive system, liver and gall bladder. The plant has a beneficial effect on the process of hematopoiesis and the functioning of the cardiovascular system. A mixture of endive, celery and parsley juices is an effective blood tonic that helps with anemia. Contains endive ascorbic acid, which increases the body's protective functions. Thanks to the presence of potassium, the functioning of muscle tissue improves, incl. and cardiac muscle. Endive contains magnesium, which increases the amount of “good” cholesterol and reduces the risk of kidney stones.
The beneficial properties of chicory salad are also used for cosmetic purposes. For example, with regular consumption of plant juice, you can get rid of acne on the skin.
Endive for weight loss
Chicory salad promotes weight loss because it removes excess fluid from the body. The benefits of endive for weight loss were noted by the famous French nutritionist Pierre Dukan. He recommends using the plant as a main dish in all stages of the Dukan Diet, except the first (“Attack”). Salad chicory will saturate the body with healthy vitamins and minerals. The calorie content of the plant is only 17 kcal per 100 grams. Thus, it can be recommended for obese people. In addition, chicory salad contains close to 8% of the daily value of fiber necessary for the normal functioning of the gastrointestinal tract.
Use in cooking
The root and leaves of chicory salad are used in cooking. European peoples have preserved traditional recipes for drinks made from the root of the plant. Powder made from roasted endive root, which tastes like coffee beans, has long been used to make a diet drink. In addition to the root vegetable, chicory leaves are widely used in cooking.
So, the leaves of the vegetable make very juicy and healthy salads. Torn bitter leaves are seasoned with a mixture of lemon juice, olive oil and salt. Light endive salads go well with grilled or foil-wrapped meats. A tasty and healthy combination would be to use the green leaves of the plant as a side dish for fish dishes.
One of the most useful ways The use of chicory salad in cooking is the preparation of vegetarian soups and casseroles from its leaves. Slightly rough upper leaves are perfect for this purpose; they hold their shape better and are less boiled.
Please note that the outer leaves are the most bitter, so use young leaves for cooking. Endive can be used for stewing and steaming. They are also used for baking; for this, pieces of fish or meat are placed in the leaves themselves. Endive is also suitable for preparing dressings and sauces.
Cooking secrets
Like any food product, endive has its own cooking characteristics. If you are confident in the quality of the chosen product, then just rinse it under running water to remove sand and other dirt. It is worth considering that some growers may use chemicals when growing endive. In this case, you need to take measures to remove them. To do this, dissolve in 100 ml of apple cider vinegar and 0.5 teaspoon of salt. Rinse the endive leaves thoroughly with the resulting solution.
There are several secrets that will be useful for all housewives!
- To remove the bitterness of the leaves, it is recommended to wash them in warm water within 20 min. Also, the bitter taste goes away during heat treatment.
- Leaves that are not juicy or crispy are recommended to be placed in ice water to refresh them.
Endive benefits and treatment
The benefits of chicory salad are determined by its special composition. It has a powerful choleretic and diuretic effect. The plant helps to improve the health of the liver and kidneys, and removes bile stagnation. It is impossible not to mention the benefits of endive in the prevention of cancer. The anti-cancer effect is due to high content vitamin A in this product.
Salads made from fresh leaves are especially recommended in spring, as the plant contains a lot of vitamin C. At the same time, the leaves contain manganese and potassium. Manganese is involved in processes associated with the production of many enzymes, and potassium fights hypertension.
Chicory salad will help people whose lives are closely connected with stress. Vitamin B is a good prevention of neurological diseases, it has a positive effect on the state of the nervous system and restores mental balance.
Endive juice is considered especially effective. It helps to forget about many problems associated with feeling unwell. The juice relieves skin rashes, anemia, helps with eye diseases, and is effective for gallbladder diseases. The specific bitter taste of endive goes well with other vegetable juices, but drinking it in its pure form is quite difficult. Juice of chicory, celery and carrots, for example, reduces the number of asthmatic attacks.
Endive harm and contraindications
As a rule, the dangers of the plant are not mentioned anywhere. In moderation, this vegetable brings only one benefit and does not cause side effects. In this regard, there are no direct contraindications to the use of endive, although individual intolerance to the product should never be ruled out. Individual reactions may manifest as eating disorders or allergies.
High concentrations of vitamin A do not combine well with tobacco or alcohol. In this regard, it is recommended to refrain from drinking strong alcoholic beverages and smoking at least 6 hours before and after consuming endive.
Salad chicory is a rare vegetable plant in Russia. However, in some European countries and North America chicory salad is gaining popularity and is even considered a delicacy. It occurs in both natural and cultivated forms. Root crops of cultivated salad chicory, when forced in the dark, form elongated creamy-white heads, composed of juicy leaves, unusually tasty and healthy.
From the name it is clear that this plant is a type of chicory. But what else do we know about him?
Description.
Salad chicory is a biennial plant of the Asteraceae family, which in the first year of growth produces succulent leaves and roots (from which tasty heads of cabbage are harvested in winter), and in the second year (if the roots are not dug up) - flowers and seeds.
The most common varieties of salad chicory: Witloof, Mitado, Express.
Benefit.
As a dietary product, chicory has a surprisingly rich set of vitamins (group B, PP, C), mineral salts, and other biologically active substances. It is especially worth considering that the cultivation of this crop involves the use of healthy ends in the autumn-winter period, when we are so lacking in fresh healthy vegetables.
Use for food. 
Tender, somewhat sweet, with an admixture of piquant bitterness, heads of chicory salad have a surprisingly pleasant taste. They are used for preparing salads, frying, stewing, preparing complex multi-ingredient dishes, and even for pickling. For queries like “chicory salad dishes”, search engines currently produce a huge variety of delicious recipes.
Growing.
To obtain tasty heads of cabbage from seeds, chicory root crops are grown in the summer, and in the fall, winter or spring, the final healthy and tasty product is obtained by forcing.
1. Growing root crops.
The soil.
The plant prefers fertile, loose soil with a neutral (or close to it) reaction.
Sowing.
The seeds of the plant are sown in the second ten days of May in grooves 1.5-2 cm deep. The distance between the grooves is about 30 cm, between seedlings 4-5 cm. Water.
Care.
Caring for the plant is no different from caring for other root crops and includes the basics: weeding, loosening and watering.
When the first two true leaves appear, the sprouts are thinned out, leaving a distance of 15-25 cm between them.
Harvesting and storing root crops.
Root crops are usually harvested in October, sometimes in early November (if planting is late).
The most best root vegetables have a length of 23-26 cm and a diameter of 3-4 cm. They are best left for distillation. And non-standard root vegetables can be used to make a coffee substitute. This is done very simply: the root vegetables are cut into thin slices, dried and lightly fried in the oven, they become brittle and aromatic, and are crushed by hand.
They are stored in containers, boxes, in bulk at a temperature of +1…+4º C.
2. Forcing chicory salad. 
Creation of necessary conditions.
Most often, distillation is carried out in dark, cool cellars and basements.
In the light, the leaves turn green, bitterness appears in them, and they become unsuitable for use as food. Therefore, distillation is carried out only in dark rooms.
At elevated temperatures, the leaves appear faster, but the head is formed too loose. At low temperatures (below +10º C), the leaves appear too slowly and the head forms soft and loose. The optimal temperature for forcing is +14…+17º C.
Planting and care.
For forcing, boxes or containers about 50 cm deep are used. Soil is poured into them and root crops are planted so that their heads are level with the surface of the filled soil.
After planting, the root crops are watered and then covered with fertile soil in a layer of 25-30 cm.
Harvesting.
After 25-30 days, the heads of cabbage reach a height of 18-25 cm and a weight of 150 g.
The covering layer is raked off, the heads of cabbage are cut off with part of the head of the root crop so that they do not crumble. After removing the heads of the first harvest, several small shoots may form on the root crops. They are kicked out in the same way.
It is believed that the plant’s homeland is Asian and African countries, from where the culture spread throughout Egypt and the Mediterranean. In Western Europe, the plant began to gain popularity only in the 16-17th century.
Unlike regular leaves, chicory lettuce leaves have a higher bitterness content due to the presence of a substance called intibin, which keeps the body in good shape and improves appetite and digestion. The culture is a storehouse of vitamins and minerals, and therefore has a positive effect on nervous system, promotes metabolism, liver function, circulatory and choleretic systems. actively used in the diet of diabetics. Fresh green parts of the plant are eaten, which are also suitable for stewing and cooking. Some varieties of chicory salad produce root vegetables that are used to make a coffee substitute, chicory.
Endive salad: characteristics and varieties
Chicory lettuce belongs to the Aster family of the wild chicory genus (Cycorium). There are several forms belonging to the same botanical species, which form a developed leaf rosette:
- Escarole (Cyrconium endivia latifolia) - a rosette formed from whole, petiolate leaves with straight or wavy edges. Escarole lettuce (white chicory) is a biennial crop that produces a large, loose head of leaves, the number of which reaches 85 or more. The shape of the leaves is rounded and wide, the plate is solid with smooth or wavy edges. What's interesting is the leaves large sizes are formed in late-ripening varieties. The color of lettuce leaves depends on the varietal group and varies from pale yellow to rich green. The roots are not large, woody and branched. 2-3 months after the appearance of the first shoots, a tall, even peduncle is formed, and after another month the lettuce begins to bloom pink or blue.
- Endive (Cyrconium endivia crispa) - has strongly dissected, curly leaves.
- Witloof (Cyrconium intybus) is a perennial crop that, by the end of the first year of life, forms not only lush rosettes of edible leaves, but also fleshy white roots suitable for forcing winter bleached lettuce leaves. The following year the plant blooms with bluish flowers, producing long flower arrows. Varietal groups of witloof have differences in the timing of forcing and the color of the leaves, which varies from white to red and yellow shades.
Endive lettuce is considered biennial or perennial crop however, it is often grown as an annual. The plant forms a developed basal rosette of leaves and a branched one. The stem leaf is sessile with ears and covers the stem. Chicory lettuces have erect stems that reach a meter in height. It blooms with light blue flowers, which are collected in basket-like inflorescences. In escarole they are large, and in endive they are small.
Plants produce fruits that look like silver-gray ribbed elongated achenes.
The culture is resistant to frost and can withstand temperature drops of up to three degrees. But it should be remembered that low temperatures during early spring planting provoke an early release of color. Varieties with pronounced red pigmentation of leaves are more resistant to frost.
It is recommended to grow chicory salads in spring or autumn, when daylight hours are short enough. In longer summer daylight hours, color formation accelerates. Fertile soil with high drainage capacity is suitable.
Growing lettuce: propagation and planting
Sowing seeds for seedlings:
- seedlings begin to be sown in late winter or in early spring. And place it in a dark place with a temperature of at least 10 degrees so that the lettuce does not bloom ahead of time.
- With the appearance of the first pair of leaves, it is necessary to thin out, leaving an interval between shoots of about 10 cm. And when the diameter of the leaf rosettes grows to 24-30 cm, the plantings should be thinned out again.
- The time for growing seedlings is approximately 1-1.5 months.
- Seeds can be sown using tape and row methods, adhering to a row and tape spacing of 0.5 meters, and a row spacing of 35 cm.
High-quality seedlings should have 2-3 pairs of healthy leaves. It is worth remembering that there is no need to deepen the seedlings - the base of the leaf rosette must be left on the surface. After planting, the lettuce is watered well. Planting care involves loosening, which must be done with extreme caution so as not to damage the roots. The best option There will be seedlings as needed.
Chicory salads are quite demanding; light soil well fertilized with humus suits them.
Preparatory excavation begin in the fall. The soil needs to be dug up to the depth of a spade bayonet, parallel to each square meter compost (4-5 kg), superphosphate and lime (60 g each). If the soil is heavy, it is additionally necessary to add sawdust or sand (500 g per m2), which are treated with urea. Before planting the crop, the soil is dug up again and ammonia sulfur is added (10-15 g per 1 m2).
When watering, you must ensure that moisture does not get into the center of the leaves, otherwise rotting may begin. After irrigation activities and rains, the soil needs to be loosened so that a crust does not form. plants are rarely carried out. Usually the basics are sufficient, provided that the soil preparation was carried out according to all the rules.
Bleaching of chicory lettuce leaves is carried out to eliminate bitterness:
- 3 months after sowing or planting, the leaves of the crop are carefully collected in a bunch and tied with twine or ribbon, so that the lower leaves do not come into contact with the soil, otherwise the process of rotting may begin.
- It is necessary to build a shading shelter on top - stretch a dark film or cover it with a box. The main thing is not to get it on the plant. sunlight, but there were holes for ventilation.
- Manipulations should be carried out in dry weather and be sure to inspect the leaves for the presence of wet drops. The whitening process takes about two weeks.
- The safety of bleached leaves is quite low, so it is recommended to carry out the procedure in stages, as needed.
- Watering during the bleaching process is carried out extremely carefully - moisture should not get on the leaves.
Late varieties of endive lettuce can be stored in beds until the onset of frost. If this option is not suitable for various reasons, then the plants are dug up along with the roots and a clod of earth. The dug up lettuce is placed in a damp, fairly cool room, deepened into damp sand.
Chicory salad intended for storage does not need to be bleached; in a dark storage it will do this on its own.
During storage, it is necessary to ventilate and inspect the leaves, which are regularly collected and the withered ones are removed. Cut lettuce leaves as close to the ground as possible.
Diseases and pests
Like all representatives of flora, endive salads are also susceptible various diseases and attacks by harmful insects. Lettuce diseases:
- Gray and white rot can affect all parts of the plant above the ground. Signs of infection are the appearance of brown or watery-white spots on the leaves. When affected by gray mold, the infection enters the leaf pockets (sinuses) and causes rotting. And with white rot, the leaves become covered with a white coating of fungal spores. To prevent disease, you should be careful not to plant lettuce in heavy acidic soils and not to overdo it with the application of nitrogen.
- can affect any parts of the plant that are covered with a terry coating. The development of the lettuce bush is suspended. It is especially difficult for the plant to tolerate infection during the ripening period. It is necessary to adhere to the correct change of crops. Affected weakened leaves are removed and destroyed. Plant residues after harvesting are removed from the field and destroyed.
- Edge burn is a plant affected by rot, which quickly spreads to neighboring plants and can ruin half the crop. The disease provokes oversaturation of the soil with micronutrients.
Endive salads can be attacked by stem lettuce aphids, lettuce flies and cabbage psyllids, which are controlled with systemic insecticides.
More information can be found in the video:
