Linoleum is a publicly available, democratic material that has been used to cover floors for the second century. Despite the variety of existing floor coverings, linoleum is still quite popular in our country today. This is natural, because it is interesting in design, easy to install and relatively cheap. This flooring differs from others in its softness and springiness, and at the same time it is durable - it does not crack, like, for example, wood or ceramic coating. Today, consumers have access to a huge selection of different types of this flooring, and, as you know, a competent choice of linoleum is the key to the durability of this material. How to choose linoleum and what to look for when buying it, so as not to worry about wasted money later? We will try to figure this out in this article.
The color and texture of linoleum is an important selection criterion
Criteria for choosing linoleum
When purchasing linoleum for your home, you need to focus on the following selection criteria:
1. Is the coating suitable for its purpose (for a nursery, hallway, kitchen, bedroom, bathroom).
2. Will it withstand the load on the floor, taking into account the number of residents and the degree of traffic of the place.
3. Does the selected coating meet the requirements (antistatic, thermal insulation, moisture resistance, noise absorption, antibacterial properties).
4. Does it fit into the design of the apartment (it can be monochromatic, with an abstract pattern, or imitating various textures - fabric, wood, tiles, stone, etc.).
In terms of color and texture, the traditional solution for these rooms is linoleum under ceramic tiles.
Living room
Traffic in the living room is moderate. Therefore, linoleum with a thickness of 1.5 mm would be optimal.
Household linoleum in the living room
Bedroom
For a bedroom, as a room with low traffic, you can choose thinner linoleum - from 1.2 to 1.5 mm thick.
Polyester-based household linoleum is well suited for the bedroom
The best option is polyester household linoleum or linoleum on a foamed polyvinyl chloride base.
Children's room
A children's room is considered a room with an average level of traffic, but with a high probability of mechanical damage.
PVC linoleum on a foam basis in a children's room
Therefore, in a children’s room you can lay household linoleum on a polyvinyl chloride foam base, or even better - semi-commercial linoleum with a protective top layer of at least 0.25 mm.
Balcony
On the balcony, in an unheated loggia, as well as in the veranda and garden gazebo any linoleum will deteriorate very quickly, since this material does not tolerate direct sunlight and temperature changes.
Choice of decor and colors
Linoleum is attractive in an endless palette of designs and colors. Manufacturers give natural linoleum bright, rich colors that do not fade over time. The decorative capabilities of synthetic linoleum are even better. He can imitate very reliably such natural materials, like stone, wood, ceramic tiles.
Dense semi-commercial linoleum imitating ceramic tiles
IN Lately types of decor that imitate expensive parquet or parquet board. Linoleum perfectly reproduces oak, beech, cherry, as well as such exotic tree species as, for example, zebrawood, bamboo, rosewood. The flooring reproduces both the pattern and texture of natural wood.
Linoleum imitating mosaic on wood and solid wood boards are in great demand.
Brave and extraordinary people will choose fancy decors and unusual colors.
Fantasy linoleum decor - for brave and extraordinary people
For those who like to experiment with interior design, manufacturers offer original geometric and abstract designs.
Linoleum imitating stone – granite or marble – looks very impressive.
Linoleum imitating stone - granite or marble - looks impressive
Sometimes there are coatings that reproduce artificially “aged” materials - wood with traces of time or worn stone.
Let's look at how to choose the right linoleum for your home.
1. First of all, let’s trust our sense of smell: the presence of a pungent odor indicates the low quality of the coating and that it contains additives that are harmful to health. High-quality natural and synthetic linoleum does not smell of anything. In addition, good linoleum should not have a greasy sheen, the pattern should be distinct and look natural, the optimal number of layers is at least five.
2. The width of the covering should, as a rule, match the size of the room. But you need to take it with a reserve - for adjusting the pattern, trimming the panel at the joints. When making calculations, it is necessary to take into account the presence of thresholds, niches for batteries, and other protrusions in the room.
3. It is recommended to buy the coating not on the market, but preferably in a heated room. It’s also more convenient to check its quality in a store.
4. It is worth checking the coating for compliance with safety standards. The material that has passed a special examination is marked accordingly, and the seller must have a hygiene certificate.
5. You need to check the quality in a rolled out form to see if there are any waves or bumps on the surface, or areas where the top film is peeling off. These indicators indicate a defect; such coverage cannot be purchased; existing unevenness will not be smoothed out in any way.
6. When buying the same linoleum in several rooms, it is better to purchase it in one piece. But at the same time, it is necessary to first calculate whether it will be possible to bring a long roll into the room and whether it will be possible to transport it through narrow openings and stairs.
7. Folding the panels in half is strictly prohibited. Do not stick tape to the front surface, as it will leave a sticky residue that is difficult to remove. Rolling up linoleum front side inward, and if it is rolled with the right side out, the roll must be wrapped protective film.
8. When choosing a coating, preference should be given to linoleum, which has a special protective layer. This linoleum is easy to clean and will retain its beautiful appearance for a long time. appearance.
9. If possible, samples of linoleum should be inspected in the room where it will be laid. This is convenient for more accurately selecting the appropriate tone in the interior (cold or), because doing this from memory is not so easy.
10. All purchased linoleum must be from the same batch, since different batches sometimes differ in color, even when their articles are completely the same.
All the above tips, recommendations and explanations will help you do successful purchase linoleum from any price segment.
Linoleum is a moisture-resistant, hard, woven coating intended for finishing floors, and the thickness of linoleum is an important criterion. It has advantages over other floor coverings. A universal material that is suitable for both domestic and public use. Many people prefer this economical and reliable flooring.
When choosing linoleum as a floor covering, the buyer pays attention to the decorative side and to indicators that directly determine how long the linoleum will last.
An important role influencing technical qualities material, the thickness of the linoleum coating plays a role. It is important to remember that not only the protective top layer is responsible for the service life, but also the thickness of the coating as a whole.
It depends on what purposes linoleum is purchased for. It can be laid as for home use, and in in public places: shops, cinemas, clinics, shopping and entertainment centers, offices, production workshops and other premises with varying furniture loads and people traffic.
Natural linoleum has advantages unique to this variety:
No matter what exceptional positive characteristics it has, there are still several disadvantages:
- The main disadvantage of this coating is the very high price of the product.
- Made from natural ingredients, this flooring is susceptible to rot.
- Its use in unheated rooms is not recommended because it is less elastic than its synthetic counterparts.
- Fairly low variation in colors and patterns.
- The new coating has a peculiar smell that disappears after a few months.
This type of linoleum is not suitable for installation in damp rooms, but people who value environmentally friendly materials will find in this coating something that suits their needs. healthy image life.
PVC linoleum is the most common floor covering in the modern world. It is popular and continues to receive positive reviews. It can be based on foamed PVC, fabric, felt or synthetic.
PVC coating is divided into a homogeneous product, consisting of a single layer, and a heterogeneous product, having several different layers in its structure. 
In single-layer flooring, the pattern or design runs through the entire thickness of the product, so it retains its color and clear outline during use. Although there is not a large choice of patterns.
Basically, the surface resembles natural materials: marble, stone or wood. The thickness of the product varies from 1.5 to 3 millimeters and it is mainly laid in production workshops or areas with high traffic. The main disadvantage of such linoleum is its high cost.
Why is PVC flooring so valued among consumers? The advantages that make the coating so popular will help us answer this question.
- Affordable price is an important aspect that influences the choice.
- A variety of patterns and shades allows you to choose linoleum for any interior.
- High elasticity allows it to be installed in any room and conditions.
- High-quality coating, confirmed by a certificate, does not emit toxic substances.
- Easy to clean, practically resistant to any chemicals and solvents.
However, it shrinks when the air temperature rises, so they lay it, leaving reserves under the baseboards. When new it has a specific chemical smell, but after a few weeks it dissipates.
Alkyd linoleum is a roll product on a woven basis, impregnated with resins: glyphthalic or alkyd. 
The advantages of such linoleum are the same as those of PVC flooring, the significant difference is that it is more resistant to wear and abrasion.
The disadvantage is its fire hazard. The resins with which the product is impregnated are very flammable, so this flooring should not be installed in rooms with a large amount of equipment and where air temperature exceeding the norm.
Such linoleum is laid mainly on the floor of transport: road, rail, sea and air.
There is another type of coating - relin. This is an all-rubber two-layer surface consisting of a layer of rubber with the addition of dyes and a layer of rubber recycled from the secondary market. 
Suitable for use in rooms with high humidity. A very durable coating and elastic, due to its components. It has an anti-slip surface, so it can be found everywhere in gyms and swimming pools.
Colloxylin flooring is made from nitrocellulose fiber with the addition of various substances: dyes, plasticizers, red lead and gypsum. Due to the fact that the product ignites and burns well, its use is banned today.
Classification of linoleum by thickness and class
In accordance with EN685 standards, coatings are divided into classes. They help determine the room in which it is best to use it and the degree of load in a given place. The classes distinguish between commercial, household and semi-commercial linoleum.
Good sound insulation up to 18 dB. The thickness can be from 1.5 to 3 millimeters. It is not intended for high loads, so it is not advisable to install such a coating in public places. Moisture-resistant, flexible and elastic flooring that shrinks during use no more than 0.2 millimeters per 1 square meter.
Choose the width of the linoleum so that when installed on the surface there are a maximum of two seams; fortunately, manufacturers offer rolls of different sizes. There are plenty to choose from.
The color of the coating should correspond not only to your preference, but also to the purpose of the room. It is very difficult, for example, to eat in a kitchen where the floor is in bright, saturated colors, and in a bedroom in red tones it is not possible to fall asleep at all.
Having made your choice and selected the desired color and size, roll out the purchased product from the roll and inspect it. It should not have cracks, dents or other mechanical damage that indicate improper storage and transportation of the goods.
Conclusion
In the article we examined the question of how thick linoleum should be. According to the standards of European companies, the thickness of the protective face layer should be from 0.3 to 0.6 millimeters, depending on the coating: household, semi-commercial or commercial.
There is plenty to choose from among the floorings presented today. Make a choice, not only by thickness.
Pay attention to the material from which the linoleum is made.
This will ensure that you buy a coating that suits your space and suits your preferences. From all the variety presented, you can always find a compromise solution between the thickness and cost of the product.
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Linoleum is the best solution for an apartment
Today, linoleum is a popular coating used everywhere. It is used not only in public buildings, offices, but also in private apartments and houses. Low price, good operational properties, as well as a variety of colors makes it universal, allowing it to fit into any home interior.
Even professionals find it difficult to decide on the variety of materials, not to mention ordinary people. To choose the right linoleum for an apartment, consider existing species, their characteristics and selection principle.
The difficulty of choice is obvious. Especially if the criteria are different for each person. In order not to regret the purchased floor covering, you need to focus on the following basic parameters when choosing:
- purpose of the room;
- special requirements for flooring, depending on living conditions;
- apartment design.
In order to choose the right linoleum, you need to take into account the above parameters. This will help you enjoy the beauty and quality of the chosen linoleum for a long time.
Types of linoleum
Types - from synthetic materials to natural ingredients Before making a choice, you need to study what materials are available. Today, the list of types of linoleum is diverse, ranging from synthetic materials to natural components. Having studied the types of linoleum, their positive and negative sides, you can decide what to lay in the apartment.
Natural linoleum
Brand Armstrong This type is made from a mixture of wood flour, flax oil, limestone powder, various resins, cork flour and natural dyes, which is applied to a base of jute woven material. It is used in rooms where there are people with asthmatic and allergic problems, as well as children.
Advantages:
- natural;
- abrasion resistance;
- does not fade in the sun;
- type of design;
- has bactericidal properties.
Flaws:
- expensive;
- fragile;
- afraid of moisture.
Polyvinyl chloride (PVC)
Polyvinyl chloride type Among synthetic materials, it is popular with different bases (baseless, foam backed or woven backed).
When laying in an apartment, preference is given to PVC material on a felt basis. Thanks to its thick layer, it does not require a substrate and does not require gluing to the floor.
The main disadvantage of this coating is that it shrinks over time, as well as the presence of a specific odor. There is an opinion that synthetic material is capable of releasing harmful substances— production technology allows us to make them harmless, which is confirmed by quality certificates.
Glypthal linoleum
Glypthal type This coating is obtained by fixing alkyd resin to fabric. The material has good sound and heat insulating properties. But the inherent fragility of the composition complicates the installation process due to the likelihood of chips and cracks. It is recommended to keep the material warm before installation to avoid deformation.
Colloxin
Colloxin type This type of coating is made from nitrocellulose. This type of linoleum does not have a base: it is not afraid of moisture, is not flammable, and has a decorative shine. But its negative aspects are: reaction to temperature changes and the ability to shrink.
Linoleum-relin
Rubber type It is a two-layer composition, which has a lower layer - a bitumen-rubber mixture, and an upper layer - a mixture of rubber, paint and filler.
The coating is elastic and resistant to moisture. But the presence of toxic, volatile components does not make it possible to lay it in apartments and where people live.
Wear resistance classes
Wear resistance classes - commercial, semi-commercial and household When determining which linoleum to choose for an apartment, you need to take into account the wear resistance of the material and the type of room. Depending on the speed of abrasion and the size of the applied protection layer, all linoleums are divided into three classes.
Commercial
It is characterized by a high degree of wear resistance. This coating can be single-layer or multi-layer. Strength is achieved in different ways: by compacting the material or by adding special stabilizing substances. It is used in offices, schools, and hospitals.
Semi-commercial
This class is more durable than household ones. It also comes in a variety of colors and patterns. It can be laid in the kitchen, hallway, living room. Reacts well to moving furniture and moderate loads.
Domestic
This linoleum has little resistance to abrasion, but has a large selection of colors and designs. It is usually used in rooms with low traffic (bedroom). The low price does not affect the material; it looks high quality and expensive. It is not recommended to lay it in areas of the apartment with high traffic.
Abrasion groups
Selection by abrasion group Linoleum is also selected according to its abrasion group. What is this parameter and what is it for?
This construction parameter shows the rate of wear of the coating. According to European standards, it is defined as follows: a piece of material is brought to a rotating abrasive. It must withstand 25 thousand rotations. After the experiment, the layer thickness is measured and the group is determined. There are several groups:
- T – the coating has no inclusions and decreases by 0.08 mm (high wear);
- P – layer decreases in thickness by 0.8-0.15 mm (average wear);
- M - material decreases in thickness by 0.15-0.3 mm (low wear);
- F – layer decreases in thickness by 0.3-0.6 mm (fragile material).
Inclusions that may be in the material consist of a mixture of quartz sand and chalk. This mixture reduces the wear resistance of the material. Clean material resists abrasion well and has a high wear resistance group.
Which linoleum to choose for an apartment
When determining which linoleum to choose, you should understand the markings that are applied to the material. It indicates the coverage class and consists of two numbers. The first classifies the type of room, and the second classifies the expected traffic. For the living room and bedroom, choose class 21; for the corridor and kitchen, give preference to the 23-24 marking.
Living room
Dark colors are suitable for the living room In this room the traffic load is average. Therefore, linoleum can be laid here with a thickness of 1.5 mm. Give preference to household PVC linoleum with a low price.
Bedroom
In the bedroom you can use household polyester or PVC Determining the traffic flow in the room will help determine which linoleum to choose for the bedroom. The load on the floor here is small, so for flooring you can use household polyester or PVC foam-based linoleum with a thickness of 1.2 mm.
Kitchen
In the kitchen we use durable semi-commercial wear resistance class This room has high traffic, high humidity, presence of dirt and exposure cleaning solutions. Therefore, for the kitchen it is recommended to choose durable semi-commercial material with a thickness of at least 3 mm. They described it in detail so that it would last longer. For this room, a ceramic tile design is preferable.
Children's room
Only natural materials in the children's room The materials in this room are subject to increased demands. Here you can use only natural material. Of course, the service life will be shorter, but the health of the child in this case is more important.
Balcony
Balcony – moisture-resistant and frost-resistant materials Temperature changes, exposure to sunlight, possible humidity - all these negative factors test the strength of the balcony flooring. Typically, moisture-resistant and frost-resistant materials that have an anti-slip coating are chosen for this room. The material is selected as for office premises with heavy loads.
Corridor
In the corridor - PVC To choose linoleum for a hallway or corridor, you need to understand that this is a room with high traffic and pollution. PVC linoleum (household or semi-commercial), 3 mm thick, which is recommended to be placed in the corridor, can withstand such loads.
Choosing a good floor covering from the variety presented is not an easy task. In order not to be disappointed and get high-quality linoleum for your apartment, trust your intuition and follow the basic tips when choosing:
- the absence of a pungent odor indicates the absence of harmful substances;
- a distinct pattern on the coating without a greasy sheen;
- the material must have certificates of quality and safe composition;
- the presence of a protective layer will help preserve the material in its original form for a long time;
- material should be purchased with a reserve for adjustment (pattern, protrusions, niches, thresholds);
- check the top layer of linoleum for defects and flaws.
Taking into account all the nuances, choosing a floor covering will not be difficult, and the purchase will not cause unpleasant impressions during operation.
Which linoleum to choose for the hall
Hall – PVC covering on jute or felt base For the hall it is better to choose a universal moisture-resistant flooring. It is resistant to sunlight and repels dirt. Affordable price and ease of installation make the coating an ideal option.
Choose PVC covering on a jute or felt basis for the hall. This material is elastic, soft and warm, allowing you to walk on it barefoot without discomfort. The pattern is applied across the entire thickness of the linoleum for the apartment, so its erasure will not be noticeable. This linoleum is easy to maintain and does not attract dust and debris.
Can be cleaned with regular detergents.
Which company's linoleum is better to choose for an apartment?
Coverage of different companies There is a wide variety of coatings on the market, both from domestic and foreign manufacturers. How to choose the right linoleum for your home, which manufacturer to choose? We can say with confidence that the material we produce is not inferior in characteristics to European ones. The Tarkett company has proven itself well. Among foreign manufacturers, give preference to such companies as
- Gerflor;
- Juteks;
- Forbo;
- Grabo.
Tarkett is a world leader in the manufacture of floor coverings. PVC linoleum from this company is available in different price ranges and is durable and wear-resistant.
The French company Gerflor produces products of excellent quality, taking into account decorative and technical characteristics. These coatings are easy to install even without the help of professionals. They are easy to maintain and have good sound and heat insulation properties.
Good afternoon dear friends!
Welcome to the world of Tarkett - the world ready-made solutions for your home and office!
Today, choosing flooring is not only simple, but also extremely interesting - the variety of flooring options (linoleum, laminate, parquet, tiles, carpet,...) and their designs allow you to create your own unique interior in each home.
However, the variety of options also gives rise to certain difficulties - after all, it is important not to make a mistake with the choice: neither with design nor with quality.
Unfortunately, in stores it often happens that the seller is busy with other customers or cannot advise you for other reasons.
Tarkett, being the leader in the Russian flooring market, also feels its responsibility for your Choice.
That is why the Directory that you see in front of you appeared. It is dedicated to the most popular category in Russia - "linoleum"- and will help you make the right choice.
PVC linoleum - advantages and disadvantages.
It is difficult to find another floor covering with which so many myths and legends are associated. And this is understandable: after all, linoleum is the most popular floor covering in Russia. Research into consumer behavior shows the following list of perceived advantages and disadvantages of linoleum compared to other types of flooring:
Advantages:
large range of colors/patterns;
a variety of wear resistance options, taking into account the specifics of the premises (commercial / semi-commercial / household);
easy to clean / does not require special care during operation;
ease of use (does not require special skills for installation);
low price (price per 1 m2 from 180 to 650 rubles);
hides minor floor defects;
water resistance;
versatility / suitable for different types premises.
Flaws:
has an odor during the first days of use;
prone to mechanical damage: dented, etc.,
unnatural;
slippery;
unfashionable (more typical for the traditional segment).
Note that linoleum is the only type of flooring that has so many “advantages” in the eyes of buyers. And all of the indicated disadvantages of linoleum are completely or partially untrue. Yes, the current ones General requirements for the production of linoleum (compliance with sanitary, epidemiological and fire requirements for the product) ensure the absence unpleasant odor and the safety of this type of flooring for humans. Modern technologies production allows you to create linoleum with additional consumer properties: with an antibacterial coating, with an additional polyester base, with embossing that most accurately imitates the texture natural materials. For more information about the beliefs that exist about PVC floor coverings, and which of them are true and which are not, see the section “Myths and Legends about Linoleum”.
Note.
All over the world, PVC flooring is called “vinyl”. In our country, the name “linoleum” is firmly attached to them. Therefore, further in the text all 3 possible names will appear: “PVC coatings”, “vinyl”, “linoleum”. 
Why Tarkett?
There are several reasons. This includes more than 100 years of experience in linoleum production, a stable position in the global market, and the company’s recognized leadership in the Russian market. But all this is not the main thing. The main thing is the high-tech and largest production in the world of modern multilayer foamed linoleum, which (unlike the old, traditional):
It has excellent quality and the best assortment in Russia, which is confirmed by consumer ratings - in comparative testing of Tarkett linoleum and competitors, the Tarkett collections turned out to be the best in the main categories (for example, the Discovery collection);
Unique in design due to the combination of two factors:
all designs are developed in our own Design Center, taking into account the peculiarities of perception of Russians,
Before launching into production, all designs are assessed by more than 2,000 potential buyers during consumer testing of new products in Russian cities;
environmentally friendly, thanks to strict control of the raw materials used, double control (electronic and directly by specialists) of each stage of production, testing of samples of all produced linoleum in the laboratory and technical control department (this is why Tarkett linoleum easily passes fire and sanitary-hygienic certification and is recommended for use in hospitals and kindergartens).
In addition, the Tarkett plant is located and officially registered in Russia (Otradny, Samara region), which means the following for you and me:
jobs for our fellow citizens;
stable receipt of tax payments to the budget of our country;
safety environment(the plant uses one of the most modern systems purification of emissions into the atmosphere).
It is precisely because we are confident in the product that we produce and sell that we take the next step - we make it easier for customers - the most important and strictest judges of our work. According to market research, 96.7% of buyers who bought and laid Tarkett linoleum are satisfied with the purchase and are ready to recommend it to their friends, and the main reason for the dissatisfaction of the rest is the incorrectly selected coating (without taking into account the intensity of the load on the floor in the room).
How to choose linoleum?
It's simple. When choosing ANY floor covering (including linoleum), the main thing is to determine the type of room in which it is intended to be used and assess the expected intensity of the load.
The logic is simple: there are 3 main types of premises: residential, office and industrial. Each of them has its own pictogram and number: house (number 2), office building (number 3) or factory (number 4) 
The intensity of impact on the floor covering inside each of these types of premises can also be different: low, medium, high or very high. The intensity of impact is indicated by little men: one, two, three or four - the more of them, the more intense the load the coating can withstand. 
The combination of the icon with the type of premises with people gives the coverage class: 21,22 or 23 for residential premises, 31,32,33 or 34 for office premises and 41,42,43 for industrial premises. 
Despite such a different appearance of various floor coverings - linoleum, laminate, parquet, carpet, tiles and others - the given system of dividing them into classes is the same. Only the texts that determine whether the floor covering belongs to one class or another are different.
We will focus on the first two groups - “Residential premises” and “Office premises”. According to the degree of load on the floor covering inside an ordinary house (residential premises), 3 can be distinguished large groups premises:
The degree of load in office premises is also different:
Note that the degree of load on the floor in the kitchen and corridor of an ordinary apartment is often equal to that of an office (low and medium), and therefore coatings of classes 31 and 32 are also recommended for these rooms.
Based on the above, only on the basis of knowing the answer to the question “Where do you want to lay linoleum? In what room?”, You can give a recommendation for choice. However, in this case, the list of suitable collections will be quite extensive and it will not be easy to navigate through the variety of designs (and, even more so, specific colors). And, as a rule, the more wear-resistant the coating is, the more expensive it will be, so the choice must be made taking into account both economic feasibility and operational necessity.
It is also important to take into account that, in addition to wear resistance, different linoleum may have different thicknesses and different additional values that make its use more pleasant and easier:
Additional protective covering(protective varnish) protects the coating from dirt penetration inside and makes it easier to clean. 
Sanitized is a special antibacterial coating that prevents the development of bacteria on the floor surface.
Double base - foam and polyester (textile base). 
Special technologies for creating relief (the more natural linoleum looks, the more difficult and expensive its production).
EXTREME PROTECTION - on collections under the Tarkett brand: “Force”, “Idyll”, “Almaz”, “Discovery”, “Imperial Elite”, “Magic”, “Rainbow”, “Europe”, “Super C”, “Moda” .
Titanium - in collections under the Sinteros brand: “Marathon” and “Arsenal”
Available in Tarkett collections - “Rainbow”, “Idyll”, “Moda”, “Magic”.
Available in the Tarkett collections - “Rainbow”, “Idyll”.
For example, the unique patented TRUTEX technology is found in only one Takett collection - Magic. Mechanical embossing is present in the “Idyll”, “Discovery”, “Force”, “Moda”, “Imperial Elite” collections.
It is also necessary to take into account that our choice is always influenced by a combination of factors: the appearance (design and colors) and texture of the product, our internal values and ideas about linoleum, the importance of individual coating parameters (safety, strength, comfort, softness, etc. .) and many others. Each collection of linoleum not only has different technical characteristics, but is also aimed at different customers - with different income levels, different tastes and different lifestyles. All this is reflected in the key ideas of the collections and designs of each of them.
Having tested all our linoleum collections for their resistance to various types loads typical for different residential and office premises, we recommend certain collections of linoleum, taking into account the ratio of their price, technical characteristics and service life in certain conditions. However, a "recommended" collection does not mean "required", i.e. does not mean that collections with higher wear resistance cannot be used in rooms with low load on the flooring - it all depends on the choice of the buyer. In our practice, there are examples when people installed class 43 floor coverings in their apartment, designed for industrial loads, simply because they liked them.
That is why the “5 stars” principle was applied to all household and semi-commercial linoleum collections (classes 21 to 34) - they were grouped taking into account 3 factors: quality, perceived value by customers and selling price. The “5 star” status is assigned to the most expensive and high-quality collections, while the “1 star” status is assigned to the simplest and most economical collections. IT IS IMPORTANT TO UNDERSTAND that the assigned status (“star rating”) may change, which reflects the correspondence of the collection to the type of expected load, i.e. indicates how suitable each of the recommended collections is for a particular room.
See Table 1, Collection Application Areas.
Table 1. Areas of application of collections.
The names of the collections read as follows: Discovery, Imperial Elite, Force, Moda, Eruption.
How to choose a design and color?
Having decided on the list of suitable collections, you can move on to the most exciting part - choosing the design of the future floor.
The design of a room - both an apartment and an office - is always a creative matter, universal solutions doesn't exist here. The same color looks different in the shade and in the light, under natural and artificial light. Also, the same design looks different in large and small room. However, there are several principles, the observance of which will allow you, without limiting your imagination, to create an interior that is correct in terms of color and geometry of the room.
The first such pattern is to take into account the color associations characteristic of Russian residents:
Shades of green and yellow perfectly relieve fatigue;
Beige and muted shades of yellow give a feeling of warmth, coziness and comfort;
Turquoise is associated with freshness (and therefore perfect for the bathroom);
Blue calms, relieves tension (good for meeting rooms); The color blue has a similar effect - it can even induce drowsiness (which is why it is often used in bedrooms);
Orange, yellow and red invigorate, tone, uplift, and also bring a feeling of warmth to cool rooms;
Gray ideally “creates” a work environment;
White - a clean and cool color - can be an excellent basis for bold design solutions, but is rarely used without a bright, contrasting “pair”, since in large quantities it can cause discomfort;
Black is good in small quantities (accents) - to give a special, sophisticated style to the room; in combination with white and red it forms a minimalist “Japanese” interior.
As you know, colors are divided into warm and cold. The coldest colors are blue or blue, and the warmest is orange. The majority of design techniques are based on the play of warm and cold colors. So, in order to visually expand the room, it is necessary to use cool light colors. And, conversely, in order to make the room more comfortable, it is recommended to use warm shades. In addition, warm colors add light and warmth to the interior, while cold colors add coolness and tranquility. That is why warm colors will make a dark northern room “warmer”, and cool shades will refresh a sun-drenched room on a hot summer day. Bright, rich colors set the style of the room, attract attention, invigorate, delimit space (and therefore are ideal for accents). And muted, light ones calm and enlarge the room, “blurring” the boundaries of individual zones.
The second pattern is based on these facts - taking into account the brightness/saturation of color and its coldness/warmth in the design of a room.
Example 1. A living room in warm and muted colors will be conducive to close communication, quiet and leisurely conversations, and tenderness. In this option, a floor of warm, soft colors, without sharp contrasting elements, is also appropriate - for example, designs from Bristol, Gea, Balchug, Nubia, Kuba, Acapulco, Itaka, Sarah, Messina, Sherwood, Charli, Jura, Luara, Oregon, Kilim, Pasadena , Kyoto, California, Charleston, Oxford, Akira. 
A living room in cold or rich colors will refresh, invigorate, and create an intense type of communication. On the floor in such a living room, rich colors or a contrasting pattern would be appropriate - for example, the designs of Pear Effect Palech, Bora, Borodino, Faberge, Persiya, Peru, Bridge, Sobranie, Tango, Porto. 
Meeting room in the office, decorated in cool blue or gray tones, will help conduct business meetings, setting up all participants to rationally search for options for solving a complex problem. In such a meeting room, a cold-colored floor without a pronounced pattern would look great - for example, the designs of Arizona, Gres, Prado, Volcano, Disco, Moda, Libra, Orion, Tornado, Platina. 
A meeting room in deep, dark, noble, warm colors (burgundy, brown and gold, etc.) will be conducive to private communication of closed negotiations and one-on-one meetings. The chic of such a meeting room can be emphasized with a textured floor with a design of wood, stone or tile - rich, deep color (for example, designs of Charleston, Oxford, Tango, Pasadena, Orion, Platina, Prado, Sorbona, Moda). 
A bedroom in the attic with an uneven (sloping) ceiling will look more spacious, and the walls will not “press” on you if you use light, muted colors (both warm and cold) in its design. Moreover, the colder the color used for decoration and the less its shades differ for the floor, walls and ceiling, the more noticeable the effect will be. Cool shades in the design of the bedroom will not only visually enlarge it, but will refresh the room, help you relax, sleep better and gain strength (for example, designs by Kyoto, Tenere, Kabare, Sahara, Tivoli, Grace). 
A contrasting floor in such a bedroom (textured, dark, rich in color - for example, Alaska, Pear Effect, Tango, Petergof, Peru, Porto, Kilim designs) will set the style of the room, clearly indicating the geometry of the room (in this case it is also better to make the ceiling and walls one light tone). A striking example of contrasting design is a bedroom in red tones - invigorating, charging with energy and passion. This bedroom will look especially stylish with a dark shade of Tango or Alaska designs on the floor. 
Delicate, clean, but not bright colors in the bedroom of a kindergarten will help to “lull” a little fidget (for example, designs Laguna, Colibri, Grace, Evita).
And the bright, saturated colors of the playroom will invigorate children, contribute to the development of their thinking and creativity (for example, designs by Konfetti, Limpopo, Shapito, RaLLi from the Rainbow collection). 
A kitchen decorated in warm colors will promote increased appetite, and cool colors (for example, blue) used in decorating the same kitchen will help you stick to your chosen diet. “Wooden” and abstract designs, like the most popular ones for the kitchen - “tiled” - are presented in both “warm” and “cold” colors - Acapulco, Daccar, Lotus, Serenada, Siam, Sobranie, Murano, Amaretto, Marocco, Montro , Trevi, Valencia, Odri, Venezia, Samua, Tossa, Tiffany. 
The third pattern is the use of geometry in flooring design.
You can visually expand a narrow room by simply directing the “wooden” design diagonally across the room or across it long walls(for example, the Preston design in the “Magic” collection). 
Natural materials (wood, stone, etc.) and their high-quality imitations make the room “more expensive” and “more environmentally friendly”. “Board” designs (palace parquet, parquet or, wider, deck board) due to the soft texture of wood and warm color range make the room cozier and calmer. 
Tiles, common in kitchens and hallways, can also make a room appear larger or smaller. So, large tiles will perfectly emphasize the size large kitchen, but will “steal” the space of a small one, compressing it even more (for example, the Murano design in the Imperial Elite collection).
And vice versa, small tiles that can fit organically into a small kitchen and visually increase its area will not look harmonious in a large one (for example, Magosso’s design in the “Magic” collection). 
A universal solution for most rooms is tiles that combine elements of different sizes - for example, Trevi, Daccar, Serenada designs. An interesting point is that any size tile placed diagonally in a room visually enlarges it.
Abstract designs on the floor, which set the style of the room, perfectly emphasize the advantages of furniture and interior decorative elements (for example, designs by Nubia, Savanna, Shanson, Sorento, Kanjon, Sahara, Fiji, Gres, Prado, Caribic, Amazonka, Disco, Sanremo). 
The combination of familiar abstract, “tiled” or “board” designs with decorative elements (lines, colors, shells) can make the interior truly unique, unobtrusively distinguishing it from the mass of similar ones. After all, interior elements, individually selected to match the theme of the floor design, will unite the space into a solid, complete, stylish interior(for example, designs Laguna, Grace, Odri, Evita, Tossa, Vivaldi). 
Experiment! Bright ideas and successful solutions to you!
To lay the selected coating without seams, you must do the following:
measure the maximum width and length of the floor surface in the room, including niches and doorways;
taking into account the curvature of the walls, add 8 cm (80 mm) to each measurement
select the appropriate maximum roll width;
make sure (by asking the seller) that there is sufficient balance in the roll of the width you need.
If you are going to use several pieces of linoleum, you need to make allowance for the selection of the pattern. And in order for the shades of the pattern to differ as little as possible, it is necessary to take pieces from one roll or one batch.
THE MOST IMPORTANT!
Any coating you choose will last a long time only if it is glued
on a prepared base - level, strong, dry and clean.
Please note that the Tarkett WARRANTY applies to
all collections only if they are laid in specially prepared
professionals licensed to install flooring
coverings.
Myths and Legends about linoleum.
“Household stuff - it’s soft and gets trampled on quickly.”
Household linoleum is different - there are products from the economy segment, designed for a short service life, and there are products high class, which look prestigious and last a very long time. Therefore, it is important to choose a balance between cost and service life in a certain type of room. After all, you can lay very wear-resistant commercial linoleum at home, which will not wear down even in 50 years, but it will cost much more than household linoleum.
“You need one that doesn’t crack or dry out.”
Cracking is typical only for old, “Soviet” or simply low-quality linoleum. Technological process production was configured in such a way that the initial components were not always used in the correct proportions and fully reacted, providing a strong connection. Later, this manifested itself precisely in the fact that the linear dimensions of the canvas changed over time. It’s like with bad sour cream - if it is diluted with water, then over time it will still separate into the original product and water. The TARKETT company uses completely different production technologies - absolutely all components of modern foamed linoleum are firmly connected to each other, and therefore the product does not dry out or crack.
"On back side There are no inscriptions on linoleum, which means it’s fake.”
Not certainly in that way. Counterfeiting is extremely rare - modern production is too complex. If two pieces of linoleum (one with printing on the back/back, and the other without) have no other differences (clearness of the pattern, density/hardness, color and evenness of the back), then these are products of the same manufacturer. The lack of printing may be due to production features.
“Rough linoleum is very difficult to wash.”
If the manufacturer incorrectly developed the formulation of the protective varnish or applied it to the linoleum incorrectly (without repeating the surface topography), then this is possible. It is the additional protective varnish that protects the coating from dirt penetration inside and makes it easier to clean. There is only one way out - choose a proven product. For example, Tarkett. And always with an additional protective layer (EXTREME PROTECTION or Titanium). Then ordinary soap and water and (from time to time) specially recommended linoleum care products will be enough for cleaning.
“The stronger the gloss, the faster the protective film will come off.”
It is hardly possible. The glossiness of the image is just an effect, a design element of linoleum, not a film. Sometimes, to create a more realistic, three-dimensional image, manufacturers even combine shiny and matte surfaces in one design (for example, the Imperial Elite collection from Tarkett).
“Over time, the “glitters” (chips) are trampled out of the linoleum)
This is impossible unless some mechanical force is used - for example, cutting them out with a knife. The fact is that “glitters” (or, as manufacturers call them, “chips”) are sealed into the product, covered on top with the very layer that ensures the wear resistance of the product (transparency). Take, for example, a bead and drop it into molten glass. When the glass cools and hardens, the bead will be visible, but it will be impossible to get it out. 
“You need linoleum that doesn’t break.”
Everything is simple here. Linoleum breaks when transported incorrectly and when you try to unwrap it immediately after bringing it from the cold into a warm room. Linoleum must be unpacked at a temperature not lower than +15°C. If it is less than +10°C outside, you can unpack and unwrap the delivered roll only after 24 hours, and if it is less than 0°C, then no less than two days after transportation in a warm room.
“Light linoleum leaves traces over time (the places where we walk change color and are not washed).”
This, unfortunately, can happen with any linoleum - light, dark, or variegated. Paths are formed for several reasons:
chemically aggressive coloring substances (paint, drying oil, bitumen) on the base of the floor can penetrate through the coating over time;
an aggressive external environment (a kitchen with an endless amount of drops of grease, detergents, etc., walking in shoes whose soles contain black rubber, etc.) can, over time, allow dirt and stains to penetrate from above into the coating without an additional protective layer (varnish).
Since in an ordinary apartment or office it is impossible to control everything that falls on the floor, it is necessary to choose products with additional protection and not choose white and very light shades for the floor of rooms with high floor loads. In this case, either very serious care of the coating will be required (with frequent use special products), or you will need to choose products of a higher class (and more expensive) than required for a certain type of room.
Light spots can also appear due to improper care of the coating - when using aggressive cleaning agents and detergents. In addition, any uneven base and installation without gluing only aggravate all of the above effects. For more details, see “BUYER’S NOTE: Laying PVC coverings. Care. Guarantee".
“The thicker the linoleum, the better and more durable.”
One characteristic cannot determine whether a product is “good” or “bad.” Is a car with a 3 liter engine good or bad? Which bag is better - large or small? It depends on what for - you will answer.
“Better” is always a set of several characteristics that are important specifically for you and the room where you are going to lay linoleum. For example, safety for children is important.
This means it is “better” to choose a coating with a thick layer of foam, an additional polyester base and an antibacterial coating. It is important that there are no traces of furniture legs and that you can walk on the floor in heels - it is “better” to choose dense collections with a thick transparency (0.5 mm or more). And the thickness of the product itself says quite little about its properties - for example, very wear-resistant semi-commercial linoleum looks thin compared to thick household linoleum.
“Linoleum on polyester shrinks.”
Do you mean that the seams can come apart, as happened with the old “Soviet” linoleum? If we are talking about this, then now this cannot happen with foamed linoleum - the fiberglass in the structure makes it stable and does not allow it to change in size. And modern linoleum on a double base (lena + polyester) combines only the best from two production options - the softness, heat and sound insulation of polyester and the stability of linear dimensions, the strength of linoleum on a foam base.
“In a humid climate, linoleum on polyester rots and fungus appears.”
Polyester itself is a synthetic fiber, and therefore simply cannot rot. Your regular autumn jackets don’t rot in a humid climate, do they? The linoleum is covered with a protective varnish on top, which does not allow water to pass through at all. Therefore, if it was laid correctly and water does not get under the coating, then the fungus simply has nowhere to come from. Even if it suddenly floods, you can simply peel back the linoleum and let it dry - both it and the floor underneath it - and put it back. There won't be any problems. If you know that water will run constantly or frequently, it is better to immediately select tiles- this is the only type of flooring that correct installation Can withstand CONSTANT exposure to water. 
“With a backing, linoleum is softer, warmer, and more pleasant to walk on.”
What do you mean by underlay - a separate underlay for linoleum or a polyester base? If the first, then unlike laminate and parquet, linoleum does not require the use of additional cushioning materials. Moreover, for the long service life of linoleum, good adhesion to a flat floor is vital - ideal if it is generally glued over the entire surface. And any gasket worsens adhesion, accelerating wear of the coating. It's like putting down a leaf thick paper on the table and try to pierce it - it won’t work. And put a sheet of paper on the foam rubber - it will pierce easily. Linoleum, of course, is not paper, but you are guaranteed increased wear of the coating with the backing. That is why ALL manufacturers unanimously say that it is IMPOSSIBLE to use substrates for linoleum. If you meant polyester directly as the backing of the floor covering, then you should choose a product with a double base (foam + polyester). For example, such TARKETT collections as “Rainbow” and “Idyll”.
“An imported product is better than a Russian one.”
Fortunately, everything is not so simple. If such a trend existed before, it is no longer the case. Today, the Tarkett plant in Russia is the largest and most modern linoleum production site in the world. Tarkett products are even recognized by competitors as the best and are often copied. In addition, according to consumer research, ordinary people like you and me - the main collections (for example, Discovery) are recognized as the best products in their categories.
“The felt base is warmer than the foam.”
It all depends on the design of the product - on the ratio of the total thickness and the thickness of felt or polyester, on the presence and thickness of the foam layer, on the density of the product, etc. There is no clear answer. It is better to compare 2 specific products.
“What’s the point of buying expensive linoleum?”
The more expensive linoleum, the better quality it is, the more natural it looks, and the easier it is to care for. After all, the price directly depends not only on the wear resistance of the coating, but also on what technologies the manufacturer uses in its production, what is the density of the linoleum (guaranteeing no marks from furniture legs), relief, additional protective layer (facilitating cleaning), whether there is a special antibacterial coating , additional polyester base, etc. So in everything - take clothes: 2 identical turtlenecks, made from different materials, will serve differently and look different after one or two washes. And in a year? But flooring is not bought for a year, two or three!
In addition, we must not forget about the “full cost” of the coating - the cost with installation. Laying laminate (and especially parquet) can be up to 50% of the cost square meter coverings in the store. Professional installation of linoleum is much cheaper.
Today linoleum is the most popular category of flooring in Russia. And the price factor is not at all decisive in this championship. The reason is that the product itself has changed fundamentally - not only externally, but also in essence. “This is no longer linoleum,” that’s what our customers say.
Key ideas of the collections and their main technical characteristics.
Comfortable for feet, easy to install, durable, yet affordable and accessible to everyone - these are the properties of linoleum, which has been used for more than a century as a floor covering. There are many types of material on the market, a wide variety of external design options. Let's figure out which linoleum to choose for your home? When purchasing flooring, you should take into account the characteristics of the room and the technical characteristics of the material.
A consumer who wants to purchase linoleum for their home often gets confused when they see a wide range of products. To buy suitable material, you need to consider the following:
- what room in the house requires coverage (kitchen, hallway, children's room, living room, bathroom);
- the maximum load recommended for a certain type of material, room parameters (how many people live in the apartment, what is the room’s traffic);
- desired qualities of the future floor (level of heat and sound insulation, degree of moisture resistance);
- the ability of the flooring to harmonize with the interior of the home.
Natural
The material has the following advantages:
- environmentally friendly, made from natural substances (linseed oil, flax and jute fiber, limestone, wood flour, natural resin);
- has high strength, wear resistance, bactericidal properties;
- easy to maintain, the flooring can be easily cleaned with ordinary detergents;
- does not electrify, is resistant to sun exposure and fire.
The disadvantages of environmentally friendly linoleum for the home include:
- high price;
- exposure to moisture;
- reduced elasticity, making styling difficult in a cold room;
- a specific smell of freshly laid material, which disappears after several months.
Polyvinyl chloride
PVC linoleum for home is equipped with a fabric or non-woven thermal insulation base and has one or several layers. The benefits of the coating include:
- reduced thermal conductivity;
- dielectric property;
- environmental cleanliness;
- rot resistance;
- variety of options exterior finishing in the house;
- ease of installation.
Polyvinyl chloride type The material has the following disadvantages:
- afraid of high temperature;
- unstable to chemical solvents, fats, alkalis;
- loses elasticity in the cold, which leads to cracks.
Alkyd
Another name for the coating is glypthal. The material has a fabric bottom layer, on top of which resins are applied using a special technology. Flooring has the following advantages:
- absorbs sound well;
- retains heat well;
- has high wear resistance;
- ease of care.
Alkyd look To the disadvantages alkyd material relate:
- decreased elasticity when exposed to cold;
- need for professional styling;
- low fire resistance of linoleum, limiting its use in a wooden house.
Rubber linoleum (Relin)
The coating has a two-layer structure. The lining is made of rubber with the addition of bitumen. The top layer is obtained by combining rubber, filler, and coloring pigment. The undoubted advantages of flooring:
- excellent elasticity, high resistance to moisture;
- anti-slip property;
- long service life.
Rubber type The disadvantages of rubber sheeting are:
- high toxicity;
- impossibility of use in residential premises.
Nitrocellulose (colloxylin)
The material belongs to the category of baseless. The basic component used in the production of the coating is nitrocellulose. Colloxylin linoleum has the following advantages:
- resistance to water;
- excellent elasticity;
- low flammability;
- brilliant appearance.
Nitrocellulose type When choosing linoleum for a bathroom in a wooden house, it is important to consider the disadvantages of the coating:
- possibility of shrinkage after installation of the floor;
- instability to sudden temperature changes.
The best linoleum for the home
The abundance of information on types of floor finishing makes it difficult to select materials. What is better - laminate or linoleum in the house? Both materials have their advantages and disadvantages. It is difficult to say definitively which coating is better. It all depends on the type of laminate or linoleum, type of room, operating conditions of the floor, features of the exterior decoration, personal preferences of the consumer and other factors.
Choosing linoleum suitable for arranging heated floors in a particular room is also not an easy task. The canvas can be a combination of several different layers. Which linoleum is best for the home? Western manufacturers have developed special standardization based on the purpose of the floor covering and the strength characteristics of the flooring.
Domestic
Home covering is intended for installation of heated floors in residential premises. The flooring is affordable and has a short service life. The name suggests that this particular material is suitable for apartments and houses. The use of cheap household coating is justified when carrying out renovations in rented housing or if the property is planned to be sold or the owners like to frequently change the exterior finish.
We sorted everything out: characteristics, advantages and disadvantages.
Inexpensive household type Semi-commercial
This coating combines the characteristics of household and commercial materials. Semi-commercial linoleum is recommended for use in a frame residential building with a large load on the floor, for example, if a large family lives in the apartment. Another option is to use it in an office where there is not much traffic.
The coating is more durable than household material, is cheaper than commercial flooring, but will cost more than home linoleum.
Semi-commercial type in a residential building Commercial
The material is laid in rooms where the load on the floor is especially high. The flooring is designed for active movement of equipment and people. A special reinforcing layer increases the service life of the decking, which is up to 25 years. The canvas gives minimal shrinkage after installation.
The cost of commercial canvas is high. In addition, increased strength is not always required for an ordinary residential building. The use of commercial coating in an apartment does not make sense.
Commercial type structure Protective layer thickness
Linoleum in most cases is equipped with a protective film made of pure PVC. The thickness of the top layer varies, depending on the purpose of the coating and the degree of load on the floor. The gradation offered by manufacturers looks like this:
- film thickness 0.15 mm suitable for floors in the living room, bedroom;
- a layer of 0.2 mm is optimal for a children's room;
- 0.25 mm film is intended for the kitchen, hallway, corridor;
- a layer of 0.3 mm is recommended for offices with light traffic;
- film with a thickness of 0.5 mm is designed for high and very high traffic.
Linoleum marking
When purchasing a covering for your home, you should pay attention to the technical characteristics of the canvas. The manufacturer leaves the logo and the necessary information on the back of the material:
Graphic marking - Linoleum class. The first number indicates the type of premises (2 - residential, 3 - public, 4 - industrial), the second indicates the permissible load (1 - moderate, light, 2 - medium, 3 - intensive);
- Batch number. If you need to purchase large quantity material, it is desirable that it be from the same batch. This will avoid discrepancies in external design;
- Date of manufacture. The canvas can be stored for no more than 12 months after production, then it begins to lose its characteristics.
- Additional pictograms. The applied drawings indicate additional properties of the coating.
Advantages of linoleum in the home
The coating has gained wide popularity thanks to:
- Ease of transportation. The elastic fabric is easily rolled into rolls, which simplifies the delivery process;
- Ease of installation. Self-sufficiency in the house is simple and does not require highly specialized skills or a perfectly level base;
- Easy to care for. The coating is not afraid of water. The flooring is easy to clean with ordinary detergents;
Coating in the interior - Strength, wear resistance;
- Non-slip top. This property makes the material convenient for use at home;
- Wide variety of exterior design options. Modern manufacturers offer a wide range of colors and patterns, making it easier to choose linoleum for your home.
Flaws
When purchasing this or that coating, it is important to consider the disadvantages of linoleum in a frame house:
- The presence of seams formed after installation. In a small room it is possible to lay a single piece of fabric. A spacious room cannot do without joints. Over time, the seams begin to separate, peel off from the floor, and curl up. This situation requires minor repairs. When choosing material for your home, it is better to give preference to a wider canvas. This will minimize the number of joints;
- The appearance of air voids as a result of non-compliance with installation rules;
Air voids during installation - Loss of elasticity. Improper care and prolonged use lead to deterioration in extensibility. The coating becomes hard and hard, which leads to cracks and deformation;
- Susceptibility to mechanical damage. The flooring is afraid of physical impact. The flooring can be accidentally burned, damaged by a falling knife, or scratched by a metal heel. Picking up suitable covering, you need to give preference to durable options that are not afraid of high humidity and sudden temperature changes.
Having prepared heated floors in a wooden house for linoleum, you need to wisely choose the appropriate finish. Taking into account the technical characteristics of the material and the characteristics of the room allows you to select best option, arrange a beautiful and comfortable floor. Proper care behind the flooring, careful operation increases the service life of the coating.
