So that the parquet does not lose its natural luxury: the rules for operating and caring for the parquet floor. How to lay a parquet board: methods and technology for the correct laying of a parquet board How to use parquet

The main methods of laying parquet boards

The parquet board is laid either by the floating floor method or by the rigid fastening of the board to the base.

1. floating floor method consists in connecting parquet boards to each other without fixing them to the floor base. The boards are assembled into a single layer, which lies freely on the substrate - a special compensating material located between the base and the parquet floor. This method is the most common, but like any other method, it has its strengths and weaknesses.

Main advantages:

high speed of the assembly process - laying 30 m2 of board takes no more than one day;

cost minimization - the cost of the finished floor consists only of the cost of the board, substrate and parquet work;

fewer requirements for the professionalism of the installer - laying the board can be done even on their own;

the ability to reuse the board - glueless connection allows you to partially or completely disassemble the parquet floor and lay it again.

Main cons:

insufficient reliability - the mobility of the parquet layer over time can lead to deformation of the interlock and a violation of the integrity of the structure;

when restoring parquet, it will be almost impossible to polish its surface with high quality. The lack of a rigid attachment to the base will not allow it to be done evenly over the entire area;

possible discomfort during operation - the movement of the floating floor in vertical plane under short-term loads, they lead to the sound of steps characteristic of a floating floor and, over time, to the appearance of a creak.

2. Method of rigid attachment to the base involves gluing each parquet board to a specially prepared floor base. At the time of drying adhesive composition boards are additionally fixed with parquet nails or staples to enhance the strength of the entire structure. This method also has its advantages and disadvantages.

Main advantages:

high reliability of the design - the glued structure of the "parquet pie" will give additional reliability and durability to the floor;

good repairability - the structural integrity of the parquet floor will allow you to repair its surface with high quality;

high level comfort - the appearance of a creak or a loud sound of steps when walking on the floor is almost completely excluded.

Main cons:

high requirements for the professionalism of the installer - the installation of parquet boards by non-professionals will significantly increase the risk of a failed result;

higher cost level - you will need to purchase Additional materials and pay for the services of professional parquet flooring;

time-consuming - the technology of layer-by-layer installation will require much more time than assembling the floor in a floating way;

the thickness of the "parquet cake" - an additional layer of plywood will increase the height of the parquet floor.

Preparatory stage of work

Before proceeding to the main stage of work, a number of important preparatory activities should be carried out.

1. Foundation preparation

Substrate requirements for laying boards in a floating way. As a base for a parquet board, old wooden, tile or stone floors, a base made of concrete or self-levelling mixtures, etc. can be used. Textile coverings (carpet, linoleum, carpet) are unsuitable as a base material. Regardless of the type of substrate used, it must be level, dry, solid and clean. The evenness of the base is checked over the entire area of ​​the forthcoming laying, using a rule of at least 2 meters in length. The gap between the base and the rule should not exceed 2-3 mm over a length of 2000 mm. If necessary, the base should be leveled or sanded in accordance with the specified requirements. The moisture content of a concrete or sand-cement base must not exceed 2%. Underfloor heating should be used with extreme caution. The heating temperature of the surface of the base must in no case exceed +27 °C. Fluctuations in floor temperature during the day should remain within 5 °C. It is not recommended to lay parquet boards made of wood species that are especially sensitive to changes in humidity and temperature, such as beech, maple, olive or wenge, on heated floors.

Requirements for the base for laying the board by the method of rigid fastening. As with a floating floor, the base for hardwood flooring must be dry, even, clean and strong. In addition, it should be as suitable as possible for the full surface bonding of parquet and be able to securely hold nails or self-tapping screws inside. Moisture-resistant plywood, comparable in thickness to parquet board. Plywood, in turn, must also be securely attached to a wooden or concrete base with glue and self-tapping screws. The surface of the plywood must be sanded, and the plywood itself must be laid in compliance with the technological gap 5 mm wide between the sheets. Attention! The use of "warm floor" systems under such a base is unacceptable.

2. Laying scheme

Before starting work, you need to make a choice laying directions parquet boards in every room. Usually the board is laid in the direction of daylight falling into the room. In rooms with an elongated shape, it is recommended to lay the parquet board in the longitudinal direction (material waste will be 3-5%). In rooms of complex geometric shape, you can lay the board diagonally (material waste will be 7-10%). If an old wooden floor acts as a base, the parquet should be laid across the boards of this floor. Rooms with different laying directions must be separated by expansion joints, which are then closed with overhead thresholds.

3. Preparation of materials and tools for work

The minimum set of tools. To lay the parquet board, you will need the following tools: a saw with a thin blade, a hammer, a sharp knife, a marking square, a drill, a chisel, a tape measure, a pencil, a wooden or plastic pick (at least 30 cm long with straight edges), wooden wedges, a spatula and mounting foot.

Preparation for the work of the board and related materials. Before proceeding directly to work, prepare the parquet board for laying. Unopened packages with parquet boards are recommended to be kept in the room where laying is to take place for at least 3-5 days in order to better adapt the board to the microclimate of the room. Parquet packs should be opened only in the course of work. Before laying the boards, you need to make sure that they do not have defects. If a damaged board is found, it can be replaced with a board without flaws by contacting the seller, or used at the beginning or end of the row during the laying process. The room in which the installation will be carried out must be well lit and have optimal performance temperature (18-24 °C) and air humidity (40-60%). Do not forget to prepare everything for work: the substrate and, if necessary, glue, plywood, hardware, rags to remove excess glue.

Important points to consider when laying parquet boards in a floating way

Before starting work, be sure to read the installation manual and the rules for operating the parquet board, drawn up by its manufacturer. The following are only general recommendations on laying parquet boards, as well as lists the typical mistakes that inexperienced craftsmen make during installation work.

1. Brief step-by-step instruction floating laying

First of all, you need to measure the width of the room and calculate how many rows of boards you need. If the width of the last row is less than 40 mm, cut the boards of the first row with a saw, reducing their width.

Spread the underlayment on the floor subfloor, if necessary fastening adjacent sheets of material with adhesive tape so that they do not bend during installation.

Start laying from left to right (fig. 1), from a solid wall of the room, placing the first board with a longitudinal tenon against the wall. The distance of 7-10 mm between the boards and the wall must be adjusted using wedges.

Install the next board with the short side facing the previous board. Connect the boards to each other with a spike in the groove (Fig. 2). Continue in this manner until the end of the first row.

Using a saw, cut the last board of the row to size, taking into account the expansion joint, and lay it.

Start the next row (fig. 5) with a piece cut from the last board laid. Adjacent boards should overlap each other by at least 30-50 cm (Fig. 3). For a tight connection, it is necessary to lightly knock adjacent boards to each other with a hammer and a punch (Fig. 8). Attention! Do not use cutting boards as a stump. Continue assembling the parquet board until you reach the last row.

The last row. Measure the width of the last row at several points (taking into account the expansion joint), mark the cutting line and cut the boards to the appropriate size. Lay the boards and press them firmly into place, for example with a mounting foot. Place a protective pad between the wall and the mounting foot to avoid damaging the wall. Install expansion wedges.

Even after studying the instructions for laying a parquet board, many make typical mistakes and miscalculations, namely:

lay a parquet board on a poorly prepared base;

carry out installation work in a room with inadequate temperature and humidity conditions;

do not arrange a technological seam at the border of the board with other floor coverings and when approaching vertical obstacles (walls, columns, built-in furniture);

use in laying trimming boards smaller than permissible sizes;

leave the distance between the end joints of the boards in adjacent rows less than 30 cm;

loosely connect the docking node (thorn-groove) of the board.

Important points to consider when laying parquet boards in a way of rigid fastening to the base

1. Brief step-by-step installation instructions with gluing to the base

Once again, make sure that the base, materials and tools for laying the board in this way are ready and of good quality.

Carry out the assembly of parquet boards in the same order as for the assembly of boards by the floating method, after applying a layer of glue to the base or back of the board.

Press each glued board firmly to the base with nails or a heavy weight. Do not remove the load until the adhesive has completely dried.

Avoid getting adhesives on oiled or varnished surfaces. Wipe off any excess adhesive that appears on the surface immediately with a damp cloth, preventing it from drying out.

Do not subject the floor to heavy loads in the first few hours after laying until the adhesive has completely dried.

2. The main mistakes during installation work

The method of rigid fastening to the base requires much more experience in parquet work. But even professional parquet floorers sometimes make mistakes:

do not clean the base from dust and dirt, which leads to a deterioration in the quality of gluing;

use poor-quality, improperly prepared or unsuitable glue;

do not control the consumption of glue;

do not press the boards tightly enough to the base, leaving “air pockets” between them;

do not remove glue residue from the surface of the board in time.

Summary

At the beginning of our article, we asked ourselves: what you need to know and be able to get a beautiful, reliable and durable parquet flooring. It's time to take stock.

Laying a parquet board is a time-consuming and responsible process that requires special knowledge and professional skills. Compliance with the following rules will help to achieve success in this difficult task.

Choose the right technology for laying parquet boards.

Acquire the necessary quality materials for laying.

Properly prepare the base.

Determine the laying direction.

Start laying the parquet board only after all wet work has been completed.

Entrust the execution of all the above points to professionals.

The parquet board does not require varnishing. Once the installation work is completed, the floor is immediately ready for use.

Can parquet board be used on the terrace?

The parquet board is not intended for laying in areas with high humidity, such as saunas or bathrooms. Also, it is not intended for use on outdoors, that is, it cannot be used on the terrace.

What care is required for parquet boards?

Caring for parquet boards is quite simple. The floor must be cleaned regularly. This is best done with a vacuum cleaner or a slightly damp cloth. Do not use abrasive cleaners for cleaning. detergents, and also it is impossible to overmoisten the parquet board.

Can parquet boards be installed on underfloor heating?

The parquet board can be laid on a “warm floor”, provided that the surface does not heat up to more than 26 degrees Celsius. Therefore, before laying a parquet board, it is advisable to consult the manufacturer of this specific model"warm floor".

What glue is best to use when installing parquet boards?

When installing a parquet board, it is necessary to use frost- and moisture-resistant glue. Glue on water based cannot be used.

Is it possible to scrape the parquet board?

It depends on how exactly the parquet board was laid. If the parquet board is laid in a floating way, then it is impossible to scrape it off, but if it is glued to the base, then it is possible.

How can I check the moisture content of the substrate before laying the parquet board?

To check the moisture level of the base, you can stick a piece of plastic film on it with adhesive tape. If the moisture level of the base is increased, perspiration will appear on the film the next day.

How to prepare the base for laying parquet boards?

First of all, it is necessary to prevent the penetration of moisture through the base of the floor. For this purpose, an insulating layer is laid, for example, from a polyethylene film two tenths of a millimeter thick. The substrate is laid on the insulating layer. It can be porous polyethylene. The thickness of the substrate should not exceed three millimeters. After that, the installation of the parquet board on the substrate is carried out.

Can an old parquet floor be used as a base for laying parquet boards?

It all depends on how reliable the base can be the old floor, that is, how strong it is, even and what degree of humidity it has. If it meets all the necessary criteria, then before laying, the old floor will need to be cleaned of the varnish layer, as well as polished.

Can parquet boards be partially restored?

Yes, there are special repair kits for restoration. But not all companies producing parquet boards produce them. Therefore, the restored area may have visual differences from the main floor.

Choosing flooring for your home modern people they often prefer the use of traditional and time-tested materials, such as parquet or parquet board, while rejecting the existing newfangled trends. Consider the basic requirements and recommendations for the correct caring for parquet.
Without a doubt, the floor, the flooring of which is a parquet board, has a pattern natural wood and perfect smooth surface that will grab people's attention. In addition, parquet flooring is practically the most durable coating for finishing residential premises.
However, in order to preserve its spectacular effect, as well as to ensure that it has the longest possible service life, certain conditions are created for the parquet. In addition, the owners of premises finished with parquet boards should be able to properly care for this coating. Only in this way is it possible to preserve the original cloud and the unique charm of the coating.

Parquet board application, structure and distinctive qualities

Are there any differences between parquet and parquet board? Traditional parquet is made from wood. Most often there is a three-layer parquet board. The first, top layer is precious wood, the second layer is needles, and the third is plywood plate, which is able to keep moisture out.

Thanks to the upper wooden layer of precious wood, the parquet board impresses with its beautiful appearance and durability. The thickness of this layer affects not only the cost of the parquet board, but also its durability.

Made using modern technologies parquet boards have many qualities that natural solid wood has (the presence of a unique pattern, natural colors), and sometimes even surpasses it. The superiority of a parquet board over a natural tree is the ease of its installation. It takes less time to lay parquet boards than to lay parquet.

The parquet board is mounted by simply snapping the connecting locks.

The cost of parquet board is much less than the price of parquet, so this finishing material is very popular with the Russian consumer. The cost of a parquet board can be less if, when producing it, upper layer not made from solid wood, but from glued pieces. These boards are called:

1. Two-lane;
2. Three-lane;
3. Four-band.

Due to the variety of colors and textures of the parquet board, a special atmosphere is created in any room: residential buildings, offices, apartments. Laying parquet boards, for the manufacture of which oak, acacia, beech, maple and other exotic tree species were used, can emphasize the individuality of the owner, his unique charm and exquisite taste.

At floor covering- parquet board, there are the following positive qualities:

1. Differs in high water resistance.
2. Excellent resistance to decay.
3. Differs in constancy of the sizes, that is the minimum deformation as under the influence of humidity and temperatures layers are capable to constrain each other.
4. Not subject to the appearance of cracks and chips.
5. Easy and quick to install.
6. Has high soundproofing.
7. Does not require additional surface treatment after laying. Processing is carried out at manufacturing plants.
8. Design variety.

Conditions necessary for the arrangement of the subfloor

To ensure a long service life of parquet flooring, as well as to prevent problems with it, certain conditions must be met at the stage of arranging the subfloor, which is the basis for parquet flooring.

One of the main functions of the subfloor (multilayer substrate) is the maximum insulation of the floor covering from moisture penetration.

Ensuring sound insulation of premises, since shock and airborne noise can have a destructive effect on parquet flooring.

Ensuring proper thermal insulation, significantly reducing heat loss premises (about 20%).

The base for laying parquet must have a strictly horizontal position. In addition, it is necessary to ensure its evenness (irregularities in height should not exceed 2 mm).

Laying a parquet board is within the power of everyone, because it can be assembled with a simple click of the connecting locks. The great advantage of this flooring is the fact that it can be used immediately after installation. It does not need to be sanded, scraped, or applied to it. protective compounds because it's all done in the factory.

How to properly lay parquet board

When laying a parquet board, the following conditions must be observed:

Experienced builders recommend that after buying a parquet board, leave it for several days in the room where it will be laid. During this time, the parquet board will have time to adapt to the temperature and humidity indicators in the room. This will make laying the flooring much easier. In addition, the duration of its service will increase.

For parquet flooring optimal values room temperature will be 18 - 24 ° C, and relative humidity- 40-60%. It is desirable that these parameters be maintained throughout the operation of the coating in the room. Therefore, it is necessary to provide humidification and air conditioning for both people and the finishing material.

If the parquet board is laid on "warm floors", it is important to observe additional parameters:

1. It is necessary to monitor the surface temperature of the coating, which should not exceed + 24 ° C, and daily differences should not be more than 5 ° C.
2. It is necessary to ensure that the temperature is as uniform as possible over the entire surface of the coating.

To be more precise, experts generally do not recommend laying parquet flooring on the "warm floor" system.

Protective films for parquet boards and their variety

In modern construction practice, protective coatings for parquet flooring are:

1. Special varnishes for parquet.
2. Various oil-wax compositions.

Parquet varnishes

Varnishes for parquet are able to form a hard and durable layer on the parquet board. They can be based on water or synthetic solvents.

Varnishes, which are based on classic synthetic solvents, until they harden, emit pungent odors that can cause suffocation and the development of allergic reactions. For this reason, they are applied to parquet boards in factories, subject to all the necessary conditions (some wear-resistant varnishes require ultraviolet light to fix).

Use and application of parquet varnish.

To improve the water resistance of parquet flooring, it is recommended to apply an additional layer of lacquer after the flooring is completed. But at the same time it is necessary that while the varnish is not dry, there was no one in the room.

Oil-wax compositions for parquet

In order to protect the flooring from the parquet board from external influences, you can use oil-wax mixtures that will penetrate deep into the wood, fill the pores, as a result of which it will acquire a unique look. In addition, the compositions are able to emphasize the uniqueness of the wood used.

Oil-wax compounds used to protect wood were born many centuries ago, but they have not lost their relevance. If you properly care for the floor covering, at least once a year it is necessary to cover it with these compounds. You do not need to have special skills for this work, since it is a simple procedure.

First you need to apply an even layer of oil, and a mixture of oil and wax is applied to it. These compounds are harmless to human health, since the components are environmentally friendly. Recommended use linseed oil or oils from the Chinese tree, and the wax is of vegetable or animal origin.

When switching from using an oil-wax protection layer to a lacquer one, the wax mixture is first completely removed, for which the coating is polished. Then a primer is applied to the parquet board, and varnish is applied to it. Otherwise, the varnish will not be fixed on the surface of the coating.

Proper operation and maintenance of parquet boards

It is forbidden to place flower pots on the flooring, if it is a parquet board, as condensation will form there.

Parquet board flooring requires certain maintenance, which consists in protecting the coating from mechanical stress, which is possible during cleaning and operation:

The parquet board is contraindicated in the abrasive effect of sand brought from the street by shoes, so a protective area is arranged in front of the entrance to the room. At the same time, it is advisable to use two types of rugs: hard - removing solid particles from the sole of the shoe, and soft - absorbing liquid dirt (which is most important in the autumn-winter period of the year). It is better to take off your street shoes in this place.

It is best to glue felt pads or other soft tissue. If the furniture is on casters, lay transparent plastic mats under it.

To maintain cleanliness in rooms where the flooring is parquet, it is better to use a conventional vacuum cleaner. Occasionally it is possible to wipe the floors with a damp soft cloth by hand or with a mop.

It is forbidden to fill the floor covering with liquid. For wiping the most contaminated areas are used special means which are specifically designed to protect decorative coatings floors.

Do not use cleaning agents, dishwashing detergents, paint thinners, benzine or alcohol to clean parquet flooring. On extreme case the use of mild detergents is acceptable.

The use of oil-wax coating when caring for parquet

Oil-wax compositions for parquet flooring differ from parquet varnishes in that they do not form an outer film. They only fill the pores of the wood, which protects it from the penetration of moisture and various contaminants.

To restore an oiled parquet board, you only need to sand the damaged area and then re-oil it. Such repairs are carried out within a day.

Wet cleaning of the parquet floor treated with oil impregnation is carried out using aqueous soap solutions.

The floor is wiped with a damp cloth parallel to the wood fibers. Such cleaning is carried out as the coating is contaminated. The floor dries within half an hour. Then it is polished with universal products that have a dual function - to protect and clean the parquet.

The floor covering made of parquet board, on which increased loads are made, is updated twice a year. In a room where residents walk in slippers, the coating is updated once a year, maybe less often. At the same time, they use an oil intended for periodic maintenance of parquet floors.

Hygiene of the floor covering made of waxed parquet boards is carried out by dry cleaning. Waxed floors are treated exclusively with products that contain solvents or wax. If use soap solutions containing alkalis, the color of the coating may change.

At right choice techniques for caring for parquet floors protected with oils or wax, they will serve several generations of home owners. But its main advantages are the following:

1. The coating does not need to be sanded.
2. Wood dust harmful to human health does not rise.
3. No need to suffocate with the pungent smell of varnish.

Caring for such a coating is the use of cleaning compounds that do not require polishing - the floor is only wiped with a cloth.

Implementation of preventive measures

It is necessary to process the floor covering from parquet boards using a composition of oil and wax in the first year after laying once every three months. The procedure is performed in the following order:

1. The floor is washed clean and should dry thoroughly for 6-7 hours.
2. The parquet board is impregnated with oil using a special brush. Excess oil that is not absorbed is removed after 5 minutes with dry wipes.
3. A protective layer of wax is applied to the parquet board one day after it has been treated with oil.
4. When performing wet cleaning of parquet flooring, soluble protective wax must be added to the water.
5. At the end of the first year of operation of the parquet flooring, its processing is carried out if necessary.

It is better to purchase parquet care products from one manufacturer.

The use of lacquered coating when caring for parquet boards

To eliminate traces of contamination that occur during operation on a varnished floorboard, use "cleaners", which are special cleaning agents. Some of them are concentrates that are diluted with water before use, while others are released ready-to-use and enclosed in aerosol packages.

The compositions are chemically neutral to the varnish compositions. All major parquet manufacturers have a range of cleaners that can be used to clean lacquered parquet. In order to preserve and protect the lacquer coating, the use of polishes is recommended.

Varnish coatings for parquet boards.

Even if the parquet varnish is wear-resistant, after some time microcracks, abrasions and other unpleasant defects will definitely appear on its surface. For a longer service life, experts recommend applying a layer of protective coating to varnished parquet flooring at regular intervals.

This point requires the serious attention of pet owners, since their claws can ruin the top layer of the coating in a short time. In addition, urea can leave stains on wood and destroy the varnish layer of parquet boards.

1. Polishes containing wax.
2. Substances that have a composition similar to highly diluted varnish. They must be diluted with water before use.

Preventive measures for the processing of parquet boards

To remove stains and restore lost luster to parquet flooring that has varnished surface, it is recommended to use a special composition called "fresher".

To protect against the damaging effects of moisture, the coating is polished every two months.

To eliminate local abrasion of the varnish layer, you can use a spray varnish. Carrying out a complete renovation of the lacquer coating of a parquet board is best done after 12 years of operation, however, these terms depend on the load exerted on the coating.

You have read the information on how to properly care for parquet flooring, so feel free to plan to lay it in the premises of your office or living space.

Having learned what a parquet board is, having learned its structure, features of operation, proper care for it, and subject to the above described rules, you can be sure: the floor you have laid from a parquet board will serve you faithfully for many years and deliver moral and Aesthetic pleasure.

It is natural to expect durability from an expensive parquet flooring. This is possible with proper care. It is quite specific, since natural wood is capricious, and it is impossible to subject it to standard cleaning. How to care for a parquet board is correctly described here.

It is natural to expect durability from an expensive parquet flooring. This is possible with proper care. It is quite specific, since natural wood is capricious, and it is impossible to subject it to standard cleaning. Below is a description of how to properly care for a parquet board.

Types of coatings

The parquet area is characterized by the peculiarities of laying boards (article "Methods of laying parquet"). Parquet care will depend on the initial coating and installation of the boards. The floor is "floating" - that is, the lamellas are fastened together with locks. And mounted with glue - such a coating cannot be dismantled or replaced by individual units, since the composition layer firmly holds it on the base. From this follows the following:

• For the installation of floating parquet, boards are purchased either with a varnish coating applied at the factory, or “clean”. In the future, varnishing is prohibited, as the composition will clog the joints between the lamellas. To protect the boards from moisture, this is good, but with minimal pressure, the varnish coating at the joints will begin to crack. It is recommended to apply oil or wax to clean floating parquet floors.
• The parquet floor, arranged "tightly" (fasteners, glue) accepts any coating - varnish is a priority. However, you should be aware that clean parquet boards after the first oil treatment hardly accept varnish - only after thorough cleaning and polishing.

Helpful information Rule number 1 - before you start caring for a parquet floor, it is important to find out the nature of the coating and the way the parquet is laid.

Organization of preservation of parquet in its original form

Caring for parquet at home begins from the moment it is laid. It is important to know the factors that affect the condition of the flooring, the permitted and prohibited actions and cleaning methods:

Allowed

• Use a vacuum cleaner with soft nozzles for daily cleaning, as in the photo:

• Use a damp cloth for cleaning without detergents.
• Clean heavy dirt with special means.
• Treat scratches, abrasions and minor damage with polish (for lacquered parquet).

Forbidden to use

• Use a washing vacuum cleaner. It has too much moisture.
• Use universal cleaning agents if the parquet is not indicated in the annotation.
• Walk in street shoes. In the hallway, there must be a rug to hold small pebbles and sand.
• Move oversized furniture without felt nozzles on the legs (glued to the sole, they are invisible).
• Provide drafts or ventilation. It is better to install climate control, which will automatically select optimal humidity air.

Helpful information Rule number 2 - parquet board care is carried out from the first days.

Parquet and steam mop

Basins and hand washing are a thing of the past. They came to replace handy gadgets- all kinds of mops. Steam is especially popular - in addition to most of the pollution, it disinfects the floor surface. This is important when there are small children in the house. But can you clean parquet with a steam mop?

Unfortunately, she is the enemy for most parquet boards. The reasons are as follows:

• Oil and varnish coatings are afraid of high temperatures. After cleaning, milk stains remain on the surface, then the varnish gradually peels off. The oil is washed out, exposing the wood pores, where moisture is allowed to enter.
• A large number of moisture. The boards will begin to swell. At high temperatures absorption will be faster. When the thermal action is over, the tree will begin to deform from the temperature difference. The result is cracks.
• Steam action is critical for light parquet. Bevel and edges darken. If a certain pattern is conceived, then the boundaries will lose their clarity.

Helpful information Rule number 3 - never use a steam mop to clean hardwood floors.

Types of pollution

To assess pollution will help their classification:

• Surface. These include stains from products - juice, coffee, fruits. Chemical components of ink, cosmetics, pencils - you can often hear a question from mothers - what should I do if my child stained the parquet with drawings?
• Deep. Those that eat into the wood structure. These are oil products - shoe polish, traces of it, tar, paints. Difficult stains include pet urine.

Helpful information Rule number 4 - most stains are removed from the parquet if you do not delay cleaning and choose the right products.

Cleaning the parquet board

Can parquet be washed? In the broadest sense of the word, no. Too much water is prohibited. However, cleaning is required.

Individual approach to cleaning depends on the type of coverage:

With varnish

Lacquered parquet boards are easy to maintain with daily vacuuming and weekly wet cleaning.

It is important to strive to only lightly process the boards, without pressure and friction. Before the "battle" with spots, the surface of the site is freed from fine litter and sand.

• Easily removed stains are treated with a special spray, applying the product not directly to the parquet, but to the rags that are being cleaned.
• Hard-to-remove stains from liquids are first moistened with a product, kept and rubbed off.
• Tar, chewing gum, first frozen. For this in plastic bag ice is placed and applied to the floor. Then carefully remove the substance with a spatula. Scratching and scraping with knives is not allowed.

Helpful information Rule number 5 - lacquer needs gentle care without abrasives.

With butter

Maintenance of oiled parquet is more labor intensive. The composition creates a moisture-repellent film on the surface, but not polymerized - that is, not solid.

All possible scuffs and roughness are present - dirt lingers in them for a long time, cleaning is problematic, but possible:

• Weak dirt is washed off with water with a special cleaner added to it - a means for caring for parquet.
• To remove traces of rubber or rubber from shoes, a foam aerosol is used - it will let the stains “shrink” and then they are removed.
• Particularly resistant stains are wiped with white spirit.

Helpful information Rule number 6 - after cleaning oiled parquet, re-oiling is required, as the compounds will remove the film.

With wax

How to wash a parquet board treated with wax? There is only one answer - no way. Such parquet cannot be washed in literally words.

There are other ways for it:

• Dry cleaning with a soft vacuum cleaner.
• Spray and foam treatment.
• Regular waxing of parquet after cleaning.

Helpful information Rule number 7 - care for oiled and waxed parquet is carried out weekly.

Conclusion

The question - how to care for a parquet floor - seems complicated, only at first glance. The last rule will be regular prevention appearance floor covering. Timely action is the key to longevity of the board. It is possible to order the parquet cleaning service from specialists if there is no time for thorough cleaning and restoration.

If you find an error, please highlight a piece of text and click Ctrl+Enter.

One of the main advantages of a parquet board is that it does not need additional processing after laying. The material is polished, scraped, varnished and other operations are carried out at the factory, so all that remains for the consumer to do after purchase is to correctly lay the boards on the subfloor. Thanks to a convenient locking system, the installation technology is noticeably simplified, but in order to create a high-quality and durable floor covering, you need to study all the subtleties of this process.

The parquet board differs from the usual wooden one in its three-layer structure:

• upper layer- wood of valuable species with a pronounced texture. The thickness varies between 1-6 mm, but most often it is 3.5-4 mm. To improve the decorative properties, the material undergoes heat treatment, bleaching and other procedures, and to protect against negative impacts, varnishing or impregnation with oil-wax compounds;
• intermediate layer- pine or spruce slats laid perpendicular to the front layer. At the ends of the rails, tongue or groove joints are cut, depending on the modification of the parquet board. The thickness of this layer is 8-9 mm;
• bottom layer- solid veneer softwood, up to 2 mm thick. The direction of the fibers is perpendicular to the previous layer.

This arrangement of layers provides the material with high flexural and compressive strength, increases resistance to changes in humidity and temperature conditions. There are almost no chips on the parquet board, and protective covering retains an attractive appearance for years. The standard board has the following options:

• width 120-200 mm;
• length 1100-2500 mm;
• thickness 10-22 mm.

There are several varieties of parquet boards, due to the number of dies in the top layer and the presence of chamfers on the sides.

Table. Types of parquet boards

Tarkett parquet board prices

Parquet board Tarkett

Pros and cons of the material

Despite the abundance of inexpensive and reliable floor coverings, the demand for parquet boards remains consistently high. Such popularity is due to the presence of significant advantages of the material:

• the coating is durable and has a long service life, is resistant to wear, can be restored;
• no need for varnishing, sanding or painting after installation is completed;
• thanks to the locking system, the coating, if necessary, can be dismantled and laid again, without deterioration in performance properties;
• installation does not require special equipment and does not take much time;
• parquet flooring looks spectacular and is suitable for different interior styles.

Such coverage also has disadvantages, although there are not many of them:

• the lack of the possibility of curly styling;
• relatively high price;
• the need for careful preparation of the rough foundation.

Ways of laying a parquet board

The laying of the coating can be carried out in three ways - adhesive, floating and with the help of fasteners (nails, self-tapping screws).

Adhesive way

Laying the coating on the adhesive requires a perfectly even and dry base. If on draft floor notches or tubercles remain, this will lead to uneven abrasion of the finish layer, the appearance of cracks, deformations. Restoring such a floor is also more difficult, since in the protruding areas during scraping more material is removed than necessary, in the recesses it is not removed at all. And the presence of moisture under the floor contributes to partial peeling of the coating, the appearance of fungus, swelling and swelling. To eliminate such risks, the parquet board is not glued to the screed itself, but to a plywood or chipboard substrate. There must be waterproofing under the substrate; in addition, soundproofing material can be laid - cork, polyethylene foam and others.

This method is used less and less, because it has more disadvantages than advantages. Firstly, costs increase: in addition to parquet boards and waterproofing, it is necessary to buy material for the substrate, fasteners and special parquet glue, the cost of which is quite high. Secondly, more time is required for laying, because you need to cut and fit plywood, fix it correctly, and apply glue. Do not walk on the floor until the glue is completely dry. In addition, it will be more difficult to replace accidentally damaged areas, and a dismantled floor is unsuitable for reuse.

floating way

The laying of the coating is carried out without fixing the parquet board to the rough base. Between themselves, the lamellas are fastened using a tongue-and-groove system or a special locking connection. A small gap must be left around the perimeter of the room to prevent deformation of the floor during thermal expansion. Between the coating and the base there is a layer of waterproofing, and noise-absorbing materials can also be laid.

This method is considered the most convenient and fastest, therefore it is used by most craftsmen, and is also ideal for those who do not yet have building experience. Subject to the laying technology, the coating perfectly tolerates changes in humidity and temperature regime, which means that the risk of deformation is reduced to zero. If individual lamellas are damaged, it will not be difficult to replace them, the main thing is to choose the right boards according to tone and pattern. Complete dismantling of the coating also does not require much effort, in addition, the material can be reused.

Laying with fasteners

Fixing a parquet board with nails or self-tapping screws can be used when laying the coating on logs or a solid wooden base, and not on a screed. Lamellas with a thickness of at least 20 mm are suitable for this, since thin boards can be easily damaged. The logs are laid in increments of no more than 60 cm and strictly in the same plane, since even small differences in height cause creaks when walking. The space under the floor covering must be well ventilated to avoid the accumulation of condensation and moisture.

When laying the lamellas, they are positioned so that their ends are joined only on the logs. The nails are driven into the grooves at an angle, and the caps are deepened with a finisher so that the fasteners do not interfere with the tight fit of adjacent boards. Such fasteners give the necessary strength of the connection, but make it difficult to replace the elements during repairs. If the need arises complete dismantling, the coating cannot be reused due to damaged edges.

For fixing individual parquet planks, nails are used, the length of which is 40 mm, and the thickness is 1.6 - 1.8 mm

Adhesive floor technology

Preparatory stage

Start by assessing the condition of the subfloor. Its surface must be smooth, dry, without any defects. In order not to miss minor damage, the base must first be cleaned of debris and dust. Be sure to check the screed with a level and, if necessary, level the floor with a leveling compound. If a new screed is poured, it is impossible to start laying until the base is completely dry.

During the installation process you will need:

• primer for concrete;
• moisture resistant plywood;
• parquet board;
• tape measure and pencil;
• circular saw or electric jigsaw;
• drill;
• dowel-nails;
• one-component parquet adhesive;
• notched trowel;
• hammer.

Materials should be taken with a small margin, so calculate the right amount in advance by measuring the floor area. As a rule, trimming takes from 5 to 10% of the total amount of flooring, depending on the experience of the master and installation options.

Advice. The parquet board must be brought into the room where the installation will be carried out in advance, and left for at least a day. In this case, the temperature in the room should be within 18-25 degrees, and the humidity should not exceed 60%.

Coating laying

Step 1. The screed cleaned of dust is treated with a primer. If the composition is absorbed quickly, it is recommended to apply the primer in two layers, observing the time specified in the instructions for interlayer drying.

Step 2 The plywood is laid out on a dry floor and the cut points are marked. The substrate sheets should be staggered, while gaps of 3-5 mm wide should be left between them to compensate for thermal expansion. A gap of 10-15 mm wide is left around the perimeter of the room.

Step 3 With help circular saw cut plywood, clean the cuts from chips and dust. Dilute the glue and apply it to concrete base where the first sheet will be. The glue is quite thick, so it needs to be spread over the surface with a spatula. Plywood is laid, leveled, gently pressed with hands. All other sheets are glued in the same way.

Step 4 For more reliable fixation, plywood must be fastened to the base with dowel-nails. To do this, holes are drilled in each sheet at the corners and in the middle of the sides, stepping back from the edge of 30-40 mm. Dowels are inserted into the holes and fasteners are hammered.

Step 5 After fixing the substrate, the surface is cleaned of dust and the marking of the flooring is started. The first row is laid from the wall, fastening the boards without glue using interlock connections. On the last lamella in the row, a cutting line is marked and the excess is cut off. Having completely laid the first row, mark its border on the substrate with a pencil and remove the boards.

Step 6 Take a new portion of glue and apply it with a spatula to the designated area. Distribute in an even layer over the entire surface, without going beyond the markings. The boards of the first row are laid, carefully fitting them from the ends and leaving a gap between the wall and the coating of at least 10 mm.

Step 7 The second row should be fastened with a displacement of the end seams by half the length of the lamella. Having properly cut the material, carefully cover the substrate with glue and proceed to laying. To do this, they take the board with both hands along the edges, put it at an angle to the board of the first row, inserting the comb into the groove along the entire length, then lower it down and lightly knock it down so that the lamella falls into place. All the rest are laid in the same way.

Step 8 When laying the coating near the threshold, around the ledges and in niches, cutouts of the appropriate shape are made in the boards, always leaving technological gap along the perimeter. In order for the gap to be the same along the entire length, it is recommended to insert wooden or plastic wedges 10 mm thick between the wall and the parquet board.

Advice. In the absence of experience in such work, it is necessary to control the time of fitting the boards so that the adhesive layer does not have time to dry. If the room is long, for the first time it is better to apply glue up to half the row.

Step 9 The last row often has to be cut to width. Here, in the same way, the board is applied to the surface, the cut line is marked with a pencil, and the excess is removed. After completing the work, leave the room for 8-10 hours so that the glue hardens and securely fixes the floor covering.

After the specified time, the spacer wedges are removed and the gaps are closed with skirting boards. Caring for such a floor is easy, the main thing is to avoid excessive moisture. When wet cleaning, the rag must be wrung out well so that puddles do not collect on the floor. Accidentally spilled liquids should be wiped up immediately, preventing moisture from penetrating into the seams between the boards.

Floating technology

The floating floor also requires a quality base, so the screed is prepared in the manner described above. Next, prepare everything you need for work:

• parquet board;
• waterproofing film;
• scotch;
• underlayment for sound insulation;
• expansion wedges;
• tape measure and pencil;
• jigsaw;
• kleimers for skirting boards;
• drill and dowels with self-tapping screws.

Step 1. The prepared base is lined with a film for waterproofing, capturing the walls to a height of 10 cm. The strips of the film are overlapped to a width of 30 cm and the edge is glued with adhesive tape.

Step 2 The next layer is a heat-insulating substrate made of pressed cork or polyethylene foam. The substrate is laid close to the walls, adjacent strips - end-to-end.

Step 3 Start installing the cover. The first board is laid in the corner along the wall, with an indent of 10-15 mm from the side and from the end. For convenience, wedges of appropriate thickness are inserted between the board and the walls.

Advice. The boards of the first row must be laid with a ridge against the wall, but since in this case the technological gap will be wider than required, the ridges are pre-cut.

Step 4 The second board is placed side by side, leveled, its end is brought into the lock of the first and tightly adjusted. The last lamella in the row is first tried on, marked with a pencil desired length and cut off the excess with a saw, after which they are fixed like everyone else.

Step 5 In the second row, the boards are shifted by at least a third of the length. Laying is done in the same way, only now each board needs to be joined both in length and from the end.

Step 6 Having reached the opening, mark the thickness of the coating on the door frame and carefully cut a groove under the parquet board with a hacksaw. The vacuum cleaner removes the formed dust and shavings.

Step 7 Install the threshold. An aluminum rail is applied to the floor, fixing points are marked through the mounting holes. Having drilled holes, clean them of dust, insert dowels and fasten the rail with self-tapping screws.

Step 8 When laying the board extreme from the threshold, the connection is additionally strengthened with glue. To do this, carefully remove the top layer of wood along the crest with a sharp knife, remove the chips and apply glue with a thin continuous strip. The board is pushed under door frame, level from the end and along the side line, snap the locks. For a tighter fit, they hammer on the other side of the lamella with a hammer.

Step 9 Cut and lay the coating opposite the threshold, and then screw it on top bar metal nut. The plank should tightly close the ends of the boards and lie strictly horizontally.

Step 10 From the threshold, the rows are laid in the manner described above, with a mandatory gap around the perimeter of the room. If the last row does not fit in width, the boards are cut with a saw from the side of the groove.

Step 11 After laying the coating, on the walls, on top of the film, they mark the attachment points for the baseboard clamps in increments of 40-50 cm. The indents from the corners should not be more than 20 cm. Drill holes in the wall through the film, insert the dowels and screw the clamps with self-tapping screws.

Step 12 The baseboards are installed, then take a sharp mounting knife and very carefully cut off the protruding edge of the film so as not to leave scratches on the baseboard and on the wall.

Subject to technology, the coating is strong and durable, does not swell, does not creak underfoot. If need be replaced separate fragments, it will be enough to pry them up and lift them up to disconnect the lock.

Video - Errors when laying parquet boards