Vertical drilling machines 2118; 2135; 2150. Drill head with various tools.

Vertical drilling machines 2118; 2135; 2150 are used when drilling holes with a diameter of up to 50 mm.

The first two digits indicate the type of machine, and the last two indicate the largest drilling diameter.

On fig. 129 shows a single-spindle vertical drilling machine 2150 and its kinematic scheme. It consists of a single-column vertical bed 1, reinforced on foundation slab 2. An electric motor 3, a gearbox and a gearbox 4 are installed on the bed, with the help of which the spindle 5 receives six speeds from 46 to 475 rpm and ten feeds from 0.15 to 0.30 mm per revolution.

During drilling, the parts are installed and fixed on the table 6. The feed of the drill 7 on this machine can be carried out manually with the steering wheel 8 or automatically using the gearbox and the feed box. The table is raised and lowered by turning the handle 9. The machine is turned on using the buttons located on the shield.

Drilling heads (Fig. 130) are often installed on the spindle of vertical drilling machines, allowing drilling with five tools in one setting, for example, drilling, threading, reaming. Thus, a single-spindle machine with such a head can replace a five-spindle one, but the part does not need to be rearranged.

Rice. 129. Single spindle vertical drilling machine.

Information about the manufacturer of the vertical drilling machine 2118

The manufacturer of the vertical drilling machine 2118 is the Novocherkassk Machine Tool Plant, founded in 1938.

Since January 1957, the plant has specialized in the production of only turret machines. The plant produced turret lathes: 1N318, 1N325, 1G325, 1D325, 1E325, 1325F3.

2118 vertical drilling single-spindle universal machine. Purpose and scope

The universal vertical drilling machine model 2118 with a nominal drilling diameter of 18 mm is designed to perform the following operations: drilling, reaming, threading and trimming with knives.

The machine is designed to work in the main production shops, as well as in the conditions of single and small-scale production in tool, experimental, mechanical-repair and tool shops with individual output.

Main Specifications of 2118 Table Drilling Machine

Manufacturer - Novocherkassk Machine Tool Plant.

The main dimensions of the machine correspond to - GOST 1227-79.

• Maximum drilling diameter: Ø 18 mm
• Maximum drilling depth: 150 mm
• The highest height of the workpiece installed on the work table: 500 mm
• Spindle RPM Limits - (6 steps) 300..3100 rpm
• Spindle end - Morse 2
• Motor power: 1,0 kW
• Machine weight: 450 kg

Kinematic diagram of the drilling machine 2118

The design of the drilling machine 2118

By its design, the drilling machine is very easy to operate. In order to set the selected drilling speed, it is necessary to rearrange the V-belt to the appropriate pulley step.

In order to transfer the belt from one step of the pulley to another, it is necessary to unscrew the special handle on the bracket and, by turning the screw to the left, move the bracket together with the electric motor towards you. After that, it is necessary to rearrange the belt, and then (to tension the belt) by turning the screw to the right, move the bracket with the electric motor away from you.

Automatic feeding is carried out through the feed box, the roller of the latter is driven from the spindle flare through a small gearbox, which is connected to the flask by a belt.

The amount of automatic feed is 0.2 mm per spindle revolution. Feed more than 0.2 mm. can only be done manually, for which a special overtaking mechanism is arranged in the feed box.

In order to work with a feed rate of less than 0.2 mm (when drilling in steel up to Ø 6 mm), the automatic feed must be turned off by retracting the handle counterclockwise until it stops and turn the stop screw on the side of the disk.

In order to automatic feeding to drill to a predetermined depth, there is a movable stop bar on the shift sleeve disk, and a special scale in millimeters is applied around the circumference of the vernier ring, according to which the predetermined depth is measured. The bar is set according to the required drilling depth.

The machine is started and stopped by means of an electric motor, and the latter is turned on and off by a drum switch.

Automatic feed 0.2 mm. can be used for carbon steel, for drilling diameters from Ø 6 mm to 18 mm. For cast iron, for drilling diameters from 3 mm. up to 18 mm.

When working with automatic feed, the handle must be set to the middle position.

The ease of turning off the automatic feed is carried out by selecting the rollers in the feed box: Ø 12.3..12.7.

Drilling machine cooling 2118

To cool the tool during drilling, a special P22-A type electric pump is mounted on the machine, which can be switched on using a separate package switch.

A special reservoir is provided for the coolant in the cabinet of the machine.

Drill Lubricant 2118

The machine is lubricated daily before starting work in the following places:

The axis of the feed gear is through two oilers on the feed box body.

With automatic feeding, it is necessary to generously lubricate the neck of the feed roller of the feed box - through the circular chamfer in the bushing of the feed box.

All other mechanisms are lubricated periodically by stuffing grease through holes specially provided for this purpose.

The lenix bearing is lubricated periodically by unscrewing the roller from the bar (left-hand thread). Feed roller bearings are lubricated through the hole in gear Z63 by unscrewing the locking screw.

Gearbox drive gears need to be lubricated daily.

Lubrication of the rack and pinion gearing of the feed box is carried out by applying oil to the teeth of the quill.

The worm gear axle in the table lift mechanism is lubricated through an oiler at the end of the axle.

Electrical equipment and electrical circuit of the drilling machine 2118

Wiring diagram drilling machine 2118

2118 vertical drilling single-spindle universal machine. Video.

Machine Specifications 2118

A vertical drilling machine is used for making holes, threading, countersinking ends and boring holes. It works with almost any material.

Machine photo

Vertical drilling machines are available in many modifications. The scheme and basic nodes for all models are almost the same. The main parts of the equipment:

• Foundation plate. It is a pillar of sustainability.
• Bed. Arranges the main components of the equipment. On the side there are guides to which the bracket and spindle are attached.
• Drive of the main movement. Transmits rotation from the electric motor to the feed box.
• Spindle. Secures the cutting tool.
• Box and feed mechanism. It has gears, with the help of which the spindle changes the speed of rotation.
• Table. Moves with a handle. IN industrial equipment, a cross table is used.

IN modern models vertical type quick-change cartridges are used.

Main specifications drilling devices: the maximum stroke of the spindle, the largest diameter deep drilling and departure. The instruction manual contains detailed information about the equipment.

Marking

According to the equipment code, you can determine its technical characteristics. All codes for drilling devices begin with the number 2. The fact that the equipment is of a vertical type is indicated by the second number 1. The remaining number indicates the largest diameter of the hole to be produced. If there is a letter after the first number, the equipment has been upgraded. The letter at the end means that the equipment is based on the main model.

For example, the 2s132 machine has the following characteristics: the maximum deep drilling diameter is 32 mm, it has been upgraded compared to the 2132 and 2a132 models.

Domestic models

Consider the popular vertical-type drilling machines made in the USSR. These are models 2a125, 2g125, 2l125, 2t140, 2118 and 2118a.

Floor vertical drilling machine 2a125 has a maximum deep drilling diameter of 25 mm. Equipment 2a125 includes 9 speeds from 97 to 1360 rpm and a reach of 250 mm. It has a motor reversing device. Size 98*82.5*230 cm, weight 870 kg. It was made in the USSR at the Sterlitamak plant. The price of this model is from 25,000 rubles.

The improved device 2g125 has a longer reach of 260 mm. Lower power motor - 2.2 kW. The mass of the machine floor type 2g125 780 kg, dimensions 73 * 91 * 210.5 cm. Number of speeds 2g125 16. Movement of the table vertically 425 mm. In the 2g125 device, the threading diameter is 24 mm. The spindle has a Morse taper 3. It was manufactured in the USSR at the Krasnorechensky plant. The price of this configuration is from 20,000 rubles.

Model 2l125 is the smallest, having best performance. Machine weight - 475 kg, dimensions 86 * 56 * 213 cm. It has a Morse spindle taper 4. The maximum table travel is 540 mm.

The 2t140 machine is now being produced and is one of the most advanced models.

Machine 2118 has a maximum deep hole diameter of 18 mm. The spindle includes a Morse taper 2. Device overhang 200 mm. The dimensions of the equipment 2118 are 87*59*208 cm, the mass of the device is 450 kg. Vertical movement of the table 350 mm. The unit is turned on by a drum switch, which supplies power to the electric motor. With regular operation, the main components of the 2118 machine must be lubricated daily with your own hands. The price of the machine 2118 is from 20,000 rubles.

For small jobs VSN machine is used. It is small in size - 30 * 58 * 66 cm and weighs no more than 75 kg. The spindle of the device has 2 speeds and a speed of rotation from 7.5 to 20. The largest diameter of the holes of the VSN machine is 16 mm. The spindle moves 100 mm. The machine works from a network with a voltage of 380 V. The desktop is square with a side length of 250 mm. The spindle has a Morse taper B16. Despite small size, BCH drills metal materials. The price of equipment is from 20,000 rubles.

All devices come with a user manual when purchased. Models made in the USSR are on sale used.

foreign models

Foreign companies producing vertical drilling machine:

• JET (USA).
• Optimum (Germany).
• Hitachi (Japan).

The price of these devices is high. the best firm value for money is Hitachi.

One of the most popular Hitachi b16rm models. The maximum diameter of deep drilling is 16 mm. Equipped asynchronous motor, which can be operated for a long time.

The Hitachi b16rm machine has a laser pointer and an optical drilling axis pointer. The desktop rotates 45 degrees. The electric motor operates at 12 speeds from 210 to 3100 rpm. Departure of the device 380 mm.

Work at poor lighting possible with built-in lighting. The Hitachi b16rm is quiet and virtually vibration-free.

In the basic configuration, the b16rm operates on a voltage of 220 V, but it is possible to power it from a 380 V network with your own hands by connecting an additional frequency converter.

The American analogue of the Hitachi b16rm device is the JET JDP-17F machine. The instruction manual comes with translation into several languages. The price of this model is from 30,000 rubles.

CNC machines

Modern models of devices have numerical control. Consider the Soviet CNC machine 2r135f2.

The 2r135f2 machine is equipped with a turret with six spindles. The maximum section of the product is 35 mm, the maximum thread diameter is M24. The working table is cruciform with protected rails.

It has a CNC device 2P32-3, which allows you to set the positioning and rectangular processing operations. Programs for the device are on punched tapes with eight tracks. The CNC includes three controlled coordinates. The 2r135f2 machine operates in four modes: manual input, setup, automatic and semi-automatic processing.

Overall dimensions of the device 180*240*270 cm, weight 500 kg. The price of such a model is from 80,000 rubles.

Homemade machine

Today, the price of machine tools is high, so for domestic needs, equipment can be made by hand. The scheme of such a device is quite simple. You will need four main components:

• Drill.
• Foundation plate.
• Vertical stand.
• feed mechanism.

First you need an approximate diagram of the future machine. Such a scheme is drawn with your own hands on the basis of available materials. As a foundation slab, you can use a thick furniture board. The vertical stand is made of thick plywood or chipboard. Foundation and vertical post fastened with your own hands using self-tapping screws and corners.

After that, guides are made to move the drill. They are made of metal strips and screwed to the rack. The drill is fixed with steel clamps and rubber gaskets to the block. The feed mechanism should lower and raise the drill. Its scheme is quite simple. It is necessary to use a lever and a spring that stiffens the device.

Drilling devices today are presented in a large assortment. Depending on the goals, you can choose the right model for yourself or make it yourself.

TO Category:

Metal drilling

Vertical drilling machine model 2118

You have already got acquainted with the device of the NS-12 drilling machine. On such machines, you can drill a hole with largest diameter 12 mm. But in some cases holes are needed much larger diameter. In this case, they drill on more powerful machines. We will now get acquainted with one of these machines. This is a model 2118 vertical drilling machine.

It consists of a base, a column, a gearbox, a guide bracket in which the feed mechanism and a spindle assembly are mounted, and a table. The gearbox with electric motor is mounted on the top of the column.

Metals of different hardness are processed at different speeds. The rotation speed of the drill is selected taking into account its material and diameter. Machine setup procedure different design at the desired speed is different. So, on desktop drilling machines NS-12, the speed changes by transferring the belt from one pulley step to another. At the drilling machine 2118, the handles of the gears are switched in the gearbox.

When drilling, the tool and workpiece heat up. Try quickly rubbing your palms together.

Did you feel warm? The same thing happens with the drill. But only the tool heats up very much. A red-hot drill quickly becomes dull, it does not cut metal well. To prevent this from happening, during operation, the tool is cooled with a special liquid: soapy and soda water, oil emulsions. In this case, the hot drill gives off part of the heat to the liquid and cools, and the liquid heats up. Therefore, the base of the machine is made hollow and simultaneously serves as a tank for collecting coolant.

Drilling parts are mounted on a table that can be raised and lowered using a special handle. Remember! Small holes are best drilled at high speed, and large diameter holes at low speed.

Post-war boom industrial production in the USSR demanded an urgent expansion of the machine park. To prevent the outflow of currency abroad, domestic design bureaus began to develop metal-cutting equipment. First, the basic model was produced, which was tested in real conditions. After that, the mechanism was improved. Such a modified unit is a vertical drilling machine 2H118.

Equipment classification

Adopted system symbols, which makes it easy to understand the labeling of the units. The difficulty in deciphering the name of the machine arises in specialized production, when the abbreviation is set by the manufacturer. In the standard case, numbering based on the decimal system is used.

The equipment designation includes four numbers and several letters, the latter can be located anywhere. Letters can indicate the degree of automation, accuracy class or new modification. Consider the meaning of the numbers:

1. It defines a group of machines, depending on the technological operation being performed. There are nine groups in total.
2. Indicates the type of equipment, there are nine of them.
3. The last digits show the main size of the unit.

In our case, the first digit (2) means drilling group. The second digit (1) indicates the vertical drilling type of the machine. According to the last digits, we determine maximum size hole that the mechanism can drill. The letter (n) indicates a new modification of the base model.

Drilling equipment

It is used in any technological chains, but the main purpose is small-scale and single production. Such machines perform a number of operations:

• thread cutting;
• countersinking;
• drilling;
• cutting ends;
• deployment;
• reaming.

After reviewing, they can be divided into three large groups depending on the operations performed:

• specialized, perform a limited number of actions;
• universal, make up the main part;
• special, work without readjustment, according to a given cycle.

Such units can be classified according to the maximum used drill diameter:

• light, drilling up to 12 mm;
• medium, getting holes 18-50 mm;
• heavy, drilling 75 mm holes.

Main distinctive features metal-cutting equipment are the movements that the cutting tool and fixtures make. In our case, this is the rotation of the drill and the translational feed of the spindle. All main parameters are included in the machine passport, which is directly included in the instruction manual.

Machine 2H118 close up

In this document you can find instructions for attaching the machine to the workplace. First of all, it must be located strictly horizontally in relation to the foundation. The reliability of all mechanisms depends on this. This is achieved using special levels.

The design of the machine involves the following types:

• desktop;
• columned;
• radial drilling;
• deep drilling;
• multi-spindle;
• central;
• drilling and milling;
• coordinate drilling;
• radial drilling.

All of them are complex mechanisms, therefore, before starting work, the maintenance personnel should carefully read the operating instructions. And while working, follow all the recommendations.

Description of the machine

The machine-tool plant in the city of Molodechno began to manufacture a vertical drilling machine model 2H118. At the end of the fifties, it was reoriented to the production of drilling units. In the early sixties, the production of the base model 2118 was launched. Based on its operational data, the designers developed the 2H118 vertical drilling machine, the technical characteristics of which were improved and all the shortcomings were taken into account.

The basis of this mechanism is a column, which is attached to the foundation with its base. It has a gearbox located in the upper part of the structure, as well as a table and a feed box in the headstock. The design features include rigidity, strength of mechanisms and speed range. cutting tool. The movement of the working head along the bed is due to the rack and pinion mechanism controlled by the steering wheel.

The part is mounted on a table, in special fixtures, and can move along it to align the drilling site with the cutting tool. The table can move along the bed. Its installation, as well as the installation of the headstock, depends on the height of the tool and workpiece. Processing can take place in manual and mechanical modes.

To figure out how the 2H118 drilling machine works, we open the passport and find all the necessary information.

Download the passport (operating manual) of the machine 2H118

Let's highlight the main technical characteristics from it:

In addition, here you can find the kinematic diagram, which is given below, and a description of its features.

These include:

• electroreverse, changing the direction of rotation of the head;
• 9-speed gearbox, expanding the range of rotation of the cutting tool;
• 6-speed feed box that regulates vertical movement;
• rack and pinion mechanism that moves the headstock;
• screw pair, providing movement of the table.

For long-term work, attention must be paid to fixing the 2H118 machine to the foundation. It is placed on wedges with the help of a level, after which a solution is poured under the base. When it hardens, the foundation bolts are tightened.

It is impossible to bypass the electrical part of the machine. Its main components are:

• spindle motor;
• selenium rectifier;
• automation, consisting mainly of relays and starters;
• cooling pump.

The rectifier is used to start the brake starter, and the cutting tool is dynamically braked. In addition, the motor is protected against overload by a circuit breaker.

To avoid accidents and injuries to operating personnel, all equipment is properly grounded.

All of the above documents for 2H118 are included in the instruction manual. It makes it possible to properly install, start and operate the mechanism. And in the event of a breakdown, quickly identify the malfunction.