Door closer - a device whose action is aimed at quietly closing the door. The mechanism functions as follows: it is applied to the door physical strength, when this occurs, an impulse is transmitted to the device and acts so that the door opens and closes without sudden movements and noise. If you want to create a door closer with your own hands, you will need parts whose purpose is not related to the principle of operation of the door.
This is what the door closer looks like
Door closers are different. All differ in different dimensions and colors, as well as in the device of the mechanism.
Depending on the place of application, installation for doors can be:
- furniture - door closers are used in the compartment-door in the closet, sliding furniture elements, in the kitchen and so on;
- door closer - fixed on the main, interior doors, as well as in compartment doors to pantries and dressing rooms.
Existing door closer options
Furniture versions of the door closer are built into the structure during its creation. But door closers can be installed by yourself by creating a device with your own hands.
Closer configuration by device:
- a device with a drive and teeth;
- camshaft application.
Door closers are installed at the top, at the bottom, and are also mounted in door elements.
Upper door closer
This type view mechanism. There are options for installing closers at the top:
The door closer installation is selected based on the door opening functions.
If the doors open from the incoming person, then the closer is placed in the first way, otherwise method 2 is applicable.
There is another option for installing the mechanism, it is applicable when the doors open in all directions.
Example of a closer for a door that opens on both sides
Parallel installation is carried out as follows - the mechanism is mounted on the door, the lever is mounted on the base door frame using a special plate.
Read also
Assembly and installation of an accordion door
Bottom door closer
This door mechanism is used if there is no door frame. That is, if there are hinges on the doors, the lower mechanism is not used, since the closer in this case plays the role of a hinge. 
The lower door closer is installed in a hole in the floor, which should be made in advance for this purpose.
Design option of the bottom door closer
This mechanism has an upper part that is installed in the ceiling. Without this component, the lower closer will work for a short period of time.
Hidden door closers
The mechanisms are completely hidden in the door leaf. There are 2 types:
Choosing the right door closer
Before choosing a door mechanism, you need to familiarize yourself with its functions. Principle of operation door closer is the quiet, smooth closing of the door. This is reflected in the following factors:
- Saving heat in the room.
- There is no noise when the door moves.
- Noise isolation. With a tight-fitting door to the box, there are no extraneous sounds from the street or another room.
The principle of operation of the door closer
For the correct and long-term operation of the door mechanism, it is necessary to make the right choice of closer.
For the correct functioning of the door closer, as well as its long-term operation for its intended purpose, there are several rules, guided by which you can avoid mistakes in the manufacture of the mechanism or its purchase.
Scheme of the door closer
Depending on the appearance, functioning, as well as type - door closers have a different pricing policy.
Do-it-yourself door closer installation
The door closer can be produced and installed, adjusted from different means. How to install the top closer?
Detailed instructions for installing a door closer
Step-by-step instruction
If there is no layout in the set, then the technical data sheet indicates the exact dimensions and measurements by which the door closer can be mounted.
Door closer adjustment
After installing the door closer, a check is needed. If the door is hard to open, close or slam, you can adjust the door closer with your own hands. 
There are 2 screws on the closer device. They take on the main functions of the mechanism. 1 screw - speed when closing the door, 2 - adjustment of the tightness of closing the door and its fit to the frame. If the door slams, you need to adjust the second screw. It must be slowly twisted (a little - half a turn), then check the closing of the door. Do this until the door stops slamming.
Door closer adjustment options
To close the door a little slower, you need to turn the screw clockwise so that the speed is counterclockwise.
Closer where there are more than 2 screws
There are door closers with more than 2 adjustment screws. In this case, the purpose of each screw is indicated in the technical data sheet. In addition to the standard door adjustment screws (speed and pop), there are also screws that are responsible for other functions of the mechanism. 
One screw serves as a door brake when opening. That is, opening the doors with a sharp movement will not work. The second screw leaves the doors open. That is, if the door is wide open, then it will remain in this position and will not close.
Drawing and diagram for adjusting the door closer
The screws are also adjusted slowly and half a turn.
Installation on the door leaf of a simple device that fully closes the sash autonomously and smoothly is completed. So for the high-quality operation of the device, you need to know how to adjust the door closer.
Features of using the design
Floor cloth closer
Virtually all modern door blocks equipped with such simple devices as a door closer. Typical special designs allow visitors to take the worry out of tight cover door leaf behind you, and to preserve a comfortable atmosphere behind an autonomously closed door to the room from the street. When using closers, the sash will not abruptly slam behind the guest, but will smoothly cover itself without unnecessary harsh sounds.
Closers cannot be considered as an excess of luxury, because thanks to its activity, the operational life of quality work is extended. door hinges, accessories. The closer allows the component elements of the door block to wear out less.
Before purchasing a device that covers the door leaf, the system is selected for certain parameters of the door leaf. When buying, some basic nuances are taken into account:
Beyond the condition correct installation closing mechanism, for the normal functioning of the system, it is worth knowing the intricacies of regulating this very mechanism, so as not to subsequently repair the door closer. The process of adjusting the device for automatic mechanical closing of the sash is not a difficult task. It is permissible to make adjustments on your own without adhering to outside help and calling specialists.
The need to use door closers is dictated by functional and rather practical reasons:
- Mechanisms provide smooth closing of any door leaf, regardless of its weight;
- Devices set the speed of opening and closing the sash in different areas;
- Closers in a certain way regulate the efforts made by a person to open the door leaf;
- The system covering the sash is able to protect the coolness or heat stored in the room;
- Locking devices with a built-in hold open function make it possible to fix the door in the open state without placing locking objects under the sash (videos of a typical system are presented on many manufacturers' websites);
- Mechanisms with the delay action function make it possible to leave the canvases open for a certain period of time (videos of the operation of closers with a given function are presented on many websites of system manufacturers). After the time has elapsed, the canvas closes on its own in the usual specified mode. A typical function is convenient when using systems on doors in utility rooms, storerooms and other utility rooms, which allows, for example, to take out the load or bring it into the room.
Classification according to the method of installation
Closers can be mounted on input weighted door blocks, as well as on lightweight interior structures. This takes into account the width of the canvas and its weight, not forgetting to correctly configure the door closer before starting operation. The larger the door leaf in relation to the weight, the more powerful the cover device, endowed with reliable qualities, is needed. Most simple option to cover the sash is a spring, the activity of which is not adjustable, while it is quite noisy and sharp. Typical variant quite primitive and in modern times there is little where it is used.
In fact, the entire list of closers presented on the retail consumer market can be classified according to the installation method in place:
- Top mounted models. Installation of typical devices is carried out exclusively on the wall surface, door frame, door leaf and only the upper part of the location. Installation of typical systems is not at all difficult to do with one's own hands (videos of installation of covering mechanisms are presented on many repair sites and manufacturers' portals).
- Concealed models: mounted inside doors;
- Models floor mounting: The devices are designed exclusively for installation on floor surfaces or for recessing into the floor.
Instructions for adjusting different types
System adjustment
The ideal, simplest option is a system based on a spring, enclosed in a sealed, plastic or metal case with an oil composition. Operation principle typical device pretty simple:
- When opening the canvas, a person makes certain efforts;
- The applied forces are transferred to the door closer in a simple mechanical way;
- When transferring forces, located in the body of the device, a spring is accumulated by compression;
- The process of closing the sash is regulated by the return of the spring to its original position.
The principle of regulation of a typical system is available for the process to be carried out by its own with my own hands:
- The tension force of the main working mechanism - the spring, can be adjusted with your own hands by turning the adjustment valve:
- turning the control valve to the left will facilitate the opening of the canvas;
- turn the valve to the right - it will complicate the opening of the sash, it will take more effort to open it.
It is worth remembering that the valves must not be turned more than a couple of turns. It is not recommended to help close the door with your own hands, as well as fix the canvas in the open state, if the closing device is not endowed with the hold open function.
The oil flowing from one side to the other during the movement of the web is responsible for the smooth closing of pneumatic devices, which sets the speed of the spring returning to its original position. The intensity of the oil flow rate in modern devices produced by means of two installed valves (expensive systems have 3 valves).
The oldest door mechanism that slammed the door was a tied cobblestone. But with the development of scientific and technological progress, we are used to living and not overworking. It was then that the closer was invented. The cobblestone was replaced with a spring. She gave an impulse and the door automatically closed. Soon this design was replaced by a smooth and even mechanism. Special devices have slightly changed the process, but the essence remains the same. Therefore, we all need to know how to adjust the door closer.
This is a modern device for automatically closing the door.
Closer types
This mechanism reduces the load and allows you to smoothly close the door. This device can be equipped with any door in the room - it does not matter if it is an entrance door or an interior one. Installation is different and depends on the type of mechanism. They are divided into the following:
- overhead mechanism, which is installed on the box beam or canvas, in door hinge instead of a rod;
- floor structure - it is laid during the installation of flooring;
- hidden device - it is located in a box or canvas and must be powerful. This type will require milling.
Choose the type of door closer depending on the weight and width of the canvas: the larger these indicators, the more powerful the mechanism should be chosen.
We adjust the closer
Before you buy a closer, you need to choose it in accordance with the parameters. If properly operated, then you will never have to deal with issues of repair or replacement. But in addition to repairing at the very beginning, for normal operation, you need to know how to adjust the closer at the door.
Change the speed
In order for the door to close smoothly and not slam, you need to adjust the speed. Oil flowing from side to side regulates acceleration. It flows during movement and is responsible for the operation of the spring. Modern closers have two valves that are responsible for the flow of oil. Closing is divided into two stages:
Expensive models also have a third valve - 80–90 degrees before closing. But usually two is enough. In summer, the speed is higher, and in winter it decreases slightly. The bottom line is that the viscosity of a liquid is determined by temperature. environment. When winter comes, we additionally set up the first valve, which is responsible for the main speed.
Door fixation
To fix, simply change the position of the adjustment screw. If you adjust the door closer correctly, it will work automatically, and you can only remove it from the fixed position yourself. It is possible to adjust the closer with a gear lever only using a special lever system. To change the fixation, it is necessary to put the structure simple and without the fixation mode. But if you decide to use it for fixing - don't worry, there is nothing complicated here: we fix it at an advanced angle and unlock it ourselves.
If it is necessary to adjust the sensor with a sliding lever, then you should pay attention to the springy stupor. The door is fixed when it reaches a certain angle, and the stupor is released. You just need to open it wider, and the latch itself lowers it.
How to strengthen the spring?
The work of the spring depends on the flow of oil, as well as its speed, respectively. As we already know, the flow of oil is controlled by valves, and this is enough to strengthen or adjust the work of the spring.
Adjustment features:
In the video, an example of adjustment:
After following all the steps correctly to adjust the door closer, you can safely use the door. If the adjustment does not help to cope with the shortcomings when closing, then the reason is the installation. It will be difficult to do something on your own here. The best option is to call the wizard and reinstall the door closer. Use automated things and let your life be comfortable.
The closer is a useful mechanism that ensures reliable closing of the doorway. But soon after the acquisition, many buyers have a problem how to adjust the door closer. Despite its modest size and simplicity, this mechanism has several adjustment options, but it must be taken into account temperature conditions, door type, doorway dimensions and several other parameters.
Door closer device
A mechanical door closer is a device that is designed to automate the process of closing it. It is mounted either on the door frame, or directly on its canvas.
There are usually three types:
- gear driven
- Cam
- Spring
In fact, this is a simple alternative to the spring, which was previously used on gates. But since the springs slammed very sharply and quickly, their design had to be improved. Closer, consists of a spring placed in a closed housing and a pushing piston. In the middle, the piston is connected to the gear, this is adjusted by a lever from the outside. Turning the lever drives the wheel, which causes the piston to move. Thus, the door is closed.
Do-it-yourself closer setup
Manufacturers provide the ability to configure at least two or three parameters, the speed of closing the door, the delay and the catch. On modern devices, there may be a speed control function in the range from 80 to 90 degrees.
Before proceeding with the installation, you need to carefully read the instructions.
If the closer is adjusted by hand, without the help of a specialist, and only a schematic instruction is in the hands, you should pay attention to a few things:
- Closers are used for doors different types- both indoor and outdoor. Inside the house, it is permissible to set it to slow speed. For entrance doors a faster stroke is recommended to prevent the ingress of cold air or insects. We should not forget about the user's personal preferences and seasonality.
- If the premises are often used by a large number of people, then by setting up an intermediate passage, you can ensure the passage of several people at once. If you use a special screw, you can keep the doors open all the time.
- When adjusting the door closer is done by hand, many people often forget about the door closer. It serves for faster closing. It is necessary to find the optimal value at which there will be no hard hit o jamb or abrupt closure.
The user himself chooses the parameters from the range provided by the manufacturer.
Speed control
Immediately after installation with your own hands, you should check the operation of the door closer. If the closing speed is too fast, then adjusting the door closer allows you to reduce it, for which you need to turn the adjusting screw. To decrease the speed, it is enough to scroll half a turn clockwise. If the speed is slow, all the described actions are repeated in reverse. The adjustment is made until the optimum speed is found.
Intermediate travel setting
Usually the intermediate stroke is set in unison with the main door stroke, but there are other options. For example, if you need to slightly reduce the speed half way, closing the door. To do this, use the third adjusting bolt. This bolt is used to hold the door leaf in a certain position. For example, more cabinets need to be brought into the apartment.
The screw can be adjusted so that the door remains open for a while, and only then begins to close.
Retract adjustment
The rebound setting is similar to the speed control, except that the rebound provides speed only in the last 20 to 25 centimeters. The acceleration of the closing leads to an increase in the force of the door hitting the jamb. Therefore, you need to adjust it moderately.
What should be avoided when setting up a closer with your own hands?
There is only one rule that should never be broken. Do not unscrew the adjusting screws more than two turns. The work of almost the entire mechanism is due to hydraulics. When the adjusting screws are unscrewed more than two turns, oil begins to flow from the closer. Oil is pumped there under pressure, and pumping it back with your own hands is quite problematic.
It is necessary to unscrew the adjusting screws with caution and little by little. Scrolling at least one and a half turns will make the closing speed very sharp.
How to quickly adjust the closer:
In fact, there is nothing complicated in how to adjust the closer. This is a fairly simple mechanism, but in order for it to always remain in good condition, certain measures and rules should be followed:
- You should not support the doors with any object (chair, stool, etc.). In order to fix the position, it is enough to adjust the special screws.
- You should carefully read the instructions before you start adjusting the door closer with your own hands.
- When buying a closer, it is necessary to take into account the temperature conditions in which it will be operated. Some models are not suitable for outdoor use.
- When buying a floor closer, you should remember that you need to plan everything in advance, since such devices are installed along with the door.
Door closer - necessary and useful invention. This is a mechanism that automatically closes doors and contributes to less wear on door hinges and fittings. Properly performed installation and timely adjustment of the door closer will guarantee its Good work And long term services.
Device features
Almost all door closers, regardless of the manufacturer, have the following functions:
- Sliding speed of the door leaf.
- Closing smoothness.
- The ability to keep the door open.
The sliding speed of the door leaf can be faster or slower. It is regulated by the degree of tension of the spring inside the device. It must be remembered that in no case should you pull the door, helping the closer. This will quickly disable him.
Dokhlop allows you to smoothly close the door, suspending the canvas just before closing itself. This function ensures silent operation of the door, eliminating loud noises. In addition, the door flap contributes to a tighter fit of the door leaf to the frame. The angle at which it will slow down before fully closing is usually in the range of 10-15 degrees. It can be adjusted when adjusting the closer.
Sometimes it becomes necessary to leave the door in the open position. A function called "hold open" helps with this. Thanks to her, the sash can remain open long time. When the door is fully opened, a latch is activated in the device, which will hold the canvas in this position. To close the door, you just need to pull it slightly towards you. The lock will release and it will close smoothly. If the door is not fully opened, it will operate normally.
How to adjust the door closer with your own hands for each individual function is described below.
When to Adjust
Adjustment of the closer must be carried out when the seasons change. Since this is a mechanical device, for its correct operation oil is used, which changes its physical characteristics depending on air temperature. With its increase, the viscosity of the working fluid decreases, and as the temperature drops, the oil thickens. Therefore, in the first case, the door will open too easily, and in the second, significant efforts will be required. Therefore, in spring and autumn, you need to adjust the operation of the door closer mechanism.
In addition, the adjustment of the door closer is carried out in the event that there are problems in closing the door. They can be expressed as follows:
- too fast or slow closing;
- the door moves abruptly or with jerks;
- the canvas is not attracted to the frame for a long time.
How to adjust the closer correctly
Adjusting the door closer comes down to setting the operation of the valves inside the device, which act as a thermal damper. With their help, with changes in external temperature, the degree of increase or decrease in oil viscosity is compensated.
Adjusting the door closer with your own hands is not difficult. All you need is a screwdriver and knowledge of the setup process. Before proceeding with it, a visual inspection of the door is carried out and its operation is checked. This is necessary to identify violations in the work and their subsequent correction.
Adjustment is made with screws. In some device models, they are hidden under a protective cover that needs to be pushed back. In others, they are not hidden by anything and are located on the side of the device panel. For ease of adjustment, the screws are numbered 1 and 2. The first affects the overall closing speed, the second affects the strength of the cotton.
DIY adjustment instructions
The closing speed of the sash is changed by screw number one. Turning counterclockwise speeds it up. By turning the screw clockwise, the movement of the sash slows down.
The strength of the pop is the range in which the door begins to slow down before fully closing. If there is a problem with the catch, then you need to turn screw number two. By turning it clockwise, you can slow down the speed of the clap. Turning the screw in the other direction, counterclockwise, on the contrary, will increase its strength.
To set the function that holds the door open, you need to fully open it, and then tighten the special lock. After that, the door will remain open if you open it at an angle corresponding to a given degree.
When adjusting the closer, follow the instructions given in the accompanying instructions for the device. Always remember that in order to avoid damage to the device, do not turn the screws more than two turns from zero.
Periodically inspecting the door closer and adjusting it, if necessary, with your own hands, you will extend the life of the device and ensure comfort when using the door.
