It hurts and my head is very dizzy. Headache with dizziness. Toxic effects of aminoglycoside antibiotics on the inner ear

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Dizziness is a subjective feeling of loss of balance and incoordination. Simply put, a woman cannot stand on her feet: she either sees objects spinning around her, or she feels that she is spinning herself. Dizziness is an unpleasant symptom of various diseases and can occur for a variety of reasons.

Attacks can be short-term non-permanent, or occur systematically in conjunction with other unpleasant symptoms (nausea, spasms, etc.), they last from several minutes to several hours.
If you often experience this condition, do not delay a visit to the doctor. Vertigo rarely forms for no reason and may indicate the presence of serious pathologies in a person.

Nausea and dizziness are typical symptoms

Dizziness and nausea

When during an attack, in addition to dizziness, the patient has nausea, the causes of this condition may be various diseases, or age-related changes. In disorders of the vestibular apparatus, symptoms occur suddenly, usually during standing up. They go away on their own in 2-5 minutes.

Also, this condition is characteristic of alcohol or food intoxication of the body, while in addition to nausea, vomiting, fever, and stool disorder may be present.

Dizziness and weakness

Dizziness and weakness usually occur with a rapid increase or decrease in blood pressure. If blood pressure is in the normal range, then diseases such as:

anemia;
violation of blood circulation in the brain;
cardiovascular pathologies;
psychosomatic disorders / psychological instability (consultation with a psychologist will help);
cancerous anomalies (therapy is prescribed and treated by an oncologist).
dizziness associated with nausea often occurs in people who deliberately limit themselves to food intake, or eat extremely poorly. In this case, the body does not receive enough nutrients.

Pain with dizziness

Pain during spinning of the head can act as residual effects after trauma, damage to the skull. A similar condition occurs when watching TV for a long time, working or playing at the computer. In such situations, a temporary decrease in the level of vision, tearing is additionally observed.
Also, this ailment can be triggered by a number of diseases:

osteochondrosis (treated by a neurologist);
low blood pressure;
borreliosis;
brain tumors;
migraine;
pathology of the middle ear (diagnosed and treated by ENT).

With prolonged depression, severe emotional experiences, the patient often experiences a headache for 1-2 days to several months.

Feeling dizzy in women over 30

In women older than thirty years, it may appear in connection with pregnancy. This state is formed on initial stage fetal development and often persists until birth. The fact is that during the period of bearing a child, a restructuring of all internal systems body, which in turn provokes a deterioration in well-being, especially at the time of changes in body position and during prolonged physical exertion.
Often the cause of dizziness is hormonal disruptions (consult an endocrinologist), a decrease in hemoglobin in the blood (find out your rate at the link), diabetes, cervical osteochondrosis, lack of vitamins (with poor nutrition), unstable blood pressure.

Feeling dizzy in women over 40

The main factor of violations in women over 40 years old is menopause. During this period, the body is rebuilt to a different life phase, which causes frequent hot flashes and a feeling of constant weakness.
Also, the reasons why the head is spinning at this age include:

hypotension/hypertension;
inflammatory diseases of the hearing organs;
pathology of the heart and blood vessels (diagnosed by a cardiologist);
Meniere's disease;
nervous strain (therapy will be prescribed by a neurologist);
insomnia;
avitaminosis;
passive lifestyle.

Feeling dizzy when turning head while lying down

If you periodically experience vertigo when you turn your head in the “lying” position, you should contact a specialist for diagnostics, since this phenomenon most often occurs in the presence of pathologies that require treatment. These include:

problems with blood pressure;
osteochondrosis;
Meniere's syndrome;
brain tumors;
diabetes;
vegetative-vascular dystonia;
traumatic brain injury.

Head spinning and shaking when walking

If during a walk you feel dizzy and unsteady, then the causes of this condition can be many factors: diseases, tumors of the cerebellum, disorders of the vestibular apparatus, gas poisoning, stress. In addition to the above symptoms, the patient often additionally has spasms in the occipital region, severe weakness, visual and speech disorders, and impaired coordination of movements.

Feeling dizzy when getting out of bed

Head spinning when getting out of bed is the most common. Additionally, the woman has a sharp attack of severe weakness, unsteadiness, spotting in the eyes, bleeding from the nose and throbbing pains in the temples.
This picture is typical for a number of cardiac, vascular, musculoskeletal anomalies. Stress, low or vice versa too high physical activity, poor nutrition, bad habits negatively affect well-being and cause vertigo when lifting.

Why is my head spinning at normal pressure

If you do not have problems with blood pressure, but you often suffer from dizziness, pay attention to your physical and psychological state. Perhaps this symptom is caused by accumulated fatigue, lack of sleep, depression, improper daily routine and food intake, or taking some medicines that cause this side effect.
Also, circling the head with good pressure causes various pathologies, for example: curvature of the spinal column, labyrinthitis, gastrointestinal diseases, multiple sclerosis, brain tumors, etc. Then additional headaches, convulsions, numbness of the extremities, nausea and other phenomena can be observed.

Major Neurological Causes

In the medical science of neurology, a large layer is devoted to the problem of the vestibular apparatus, since dizziness is most often due to damage to nerve structures. Consider the main causes of dizziness, which are most often diagnosed in women:

Inflammation of the vestibular apparatus

It usually occurs as a complication of a viral infection. Mostly women aged 30-35 years suffer from it. They suddenly develop severe dizziness, which is accompanied by sweating, palpitations, and general weakness. In such cases, an urgent consultation with an ENT doctor, a neurologist and the appointment of anti-inflammatory drugs are necessary.

Toxic effects of aminoglycoside antibiotics on the inner ear

Visual problems may also occur during treatment with gentamicin, tobramycin, or kanamycin. Along with it, tinnitus, hearing loss may appear.

If symptoms of the toxic effect of antibiotics appear, it is necessary to stop taking the drugs and immediately contact your doctor, because such changes are irreversible.

Tumor or metastases in the cerebellum, vestibular nerve, brain stem

Unpleasant sensations in the head may be accompanied by a bursting headache, nausea, episodes of loss of consciousness, and impaired coordination of movements. If a tumor is suspected, the doctor performs an MRI or CT scan of the skull and sends the woman to an oncologist. If an oncological disease has been detected, further tactics depend on the nature of the tumor and its localization. Chemotherapy, radiation therapy, and surgery are used for treatment.

temporal lobe epilepsy

This is a special type of disruption of the cerebral cortex, in which the processes of excitation and inhibition change. With some periodicity, the temporal lobe cortex becomes overexcited and gives out bouts of dizziness. It is accompanied by pain in the abdomen, salivation, sweating, slow heart rate.

The main symptom of epilepsy is the paroxysmal course of the disease. A woman in a calm period feels completely healthy, but under the influence of any events or out of the blue, her head begins to spin. Such a pathology requires an appeal to a neurologist, he registers brain activity on the EEG and prescribes the appropriate treatment.

Migraine

One of the most mysterious types of headaches. It is called the "disease of geniuses", since the relationship of outstanding mental ability person and painful attacks of the disease. With a migraine, the head may hurt in the forehead and eyes.

Pathology of the vestibular apparatus

Pathology of the vestibular apparatus - most common in underweight women, develops at a young age (from 25 years). Patients are constantly swayed in any type of transport, even ordinary riding on attractions ends with a strong attack of vertigo.

Hypotension

In chronic hypotension, at low pressure, the head begins to feel dizzy, especially with sudden movements, getting out of bed, and active physical work. The patient additionally feels headaches, spotting appears in the eyes, vision deteriorates at the time of the attack.

Dizziness in pregnancy

Pregnancy is a completely new qualitative state of a woman, which is accompanied by significant changes in the body. The concentration of progesterone in the blood increases sharply: this sex hormone is necessary for bearing the fetus. It affects not only the uterus, but also the entire body of a woman.

Progesterone reduces pressure in arterial vessels, which worsens the flow of blood to the brain. On early dates he does not have time to adapt to new working conditions and sometimes reacts with a headache and dizziness.

A pregnant woman may feel dizzy for another reason, also leading to partial starvation of the brain. The blood supply of the fetus requires a large volume of blood, so the amount of fluid in the mother's vascular bed increases. In the early stages, it significantly dilutes hemoglobin, and the oxygen capacity of the blood falls. The brain has to work in conditions of oxygen starvation, to which it immediately reacts. Subsequently, in a healthy woman, iron stores are used, the release of red blood cells increases, and brain nutrition is getting better.

First aid at home

In order to relieve a short-term attack, there are several ways:

ventilate the room;
lie down on flat surface, while it is recommended not to make sudden movements of the head;
if possible, put a cool compress on your forehead;
while in public place, try to find a secluded corner in order to sit down, take a couple of sips of plain water, close your eyes and lightly press on your eyelids;
after the attack subsides, spend 5-10 minutes in a resting position, do not make sudden movements when getting up, so as not to provoke a new wave of vertigo.

When urgent medical attention is needed

When vertigo appears in conjunction with symptoms such as.

When a person constantly hurts and feels dizzy, it is necessary to seek medical help and find out the cause of this pathology. Headache and dizziness are symptoms of various pathological processes in the body, sometimes even threatening human health and life. To find out the nature of the disease and prescribe appropriate treatment, it is necessary to carefully examine the patient.

According to statistics, every 100th inhabitant of the planet suffers from constant headaches and is forced to constantly take a large number of painkillers. The most common form is tension headache. female body more prone to migraine than men.

Dizziness is one of the most common symptoms of neurological and mental diseases, a frequent manifestation of hypertension.

It is a violation of the sensation of one's body in space and time, it seems to a person that objects revolve around him, an imbalance occurs.

According to the nature of the pathological process that caused the headache, there are:

Vascular (insufficient vascular tone of the brain).
Neurological (damage to receptors and nerves).
Sychicheskaya (disruption of the work of the central nervous system).
Mixed (due to the simultaneous action of several reasons).

A significant role in the development of headache and dizziness is played by the following reasons:

traumatic brain injury;
intracranial hemorrhages;
inflammation of the meninges;
infectious diseases;
neoplasms;
thrombosis of cerebral vessels;
stroke;
arterial hypertension;
increase in intraocular pressure;
dental diseases;
diseases of the endocrine system;
poisoning with toxic substances.

Often headaches and dizziness are caused by causes associated with chronic diseases bronchopulmonary system (emphysema, bronchitis) and renal (pyelonephritis, glomerulonephritis).

Dizziness can be caused by the following conditions:

Meniere's disease (swelling of the inner ear).
Labyrinths (inflammatory processes in the ear).
Benign paroxysmal dizziness (deposition of a clot in the receptor zone).
Post-traumatic (damage to the middle ear or eardrum).
Damage to the vestibular apparatus (possible with an overdose of medications).

Factors that provoke an attack of headache and dizziness:

physical fatigue;
excess body weight;
stress;
avitaminosis;
inhalation of cold air;
smoking;
taking large doses of alcohol.

Important! Causes of headaches and dizziness can be acute heart attack and pulmonary edema, as venous congestion forms in the vessels of the brain, which leads to an increase in intracranial pressure.

Why does my head hurt or what can hurt in my head?

To answer this question, it should be noted that between the bones of the skull there is a dura mater. It contains pain receptors and many arteries, veins and muscles that are highly sensitive. Thus, pain arise due to the effect of the stimulus on the receptors in the meninges. As a rule, they are located in the head and neck.

Pathological processes of the cervical vertebrae can also be a source of pain syndrome. The mechanism of such pain is associated with irritation of the roots of nerve fibers that come out of the spinal cord. It is also noted that when the vertebrae are displaced, pressure arises on the blood vessels, blood flow to the brain decreases. This leads to oxygen starvation of brain tissues and is manifested by frequent dizziness and loss of consciousness.

Characteristic symptoms

Headaches and dizziness are accompanied by the following symptoms:

fatigue;
nausea;
vomit;
noise in the head;
feelings of anxiety and fear;
weakness;
lethargy;
changes in blood pressure;
sleep disturbance.

Patients often reveal complaints that they are very dizzy and have a headache after excessive emotional and physical stress or a sudden change in body position. The pain syndrome is accompanied by spasms in the temples, rocking or staggering, weakness in the legs, frequent urge to urinate. Dizziness is aggravated by turning the head, tilting. At the same time, there is a violation of balance and hearing, an acceleration of the pulse, a feeling of intoxication, darkening in the eyes and trembling of the limbs. During an attack, the complexion becomes pale, and the eyes become sunken.

When should you contact a specialist?

Very often, people who have headaches and dizziness at the same time self-medicate and go to the doctor only when their symptoms increase and become more frequent. Untimely determination of the cause complicates treatment and leads to chronicity of the process and complications.

You need to seek medical help if:

headache arose spontaneously;
the duration of the pain is 2 days;
there was a violation of vision and speech;
pain syndrome appears after the slightest tension;
increase in intensity and frequency;
against the background of pain, nausea and vomiting occur.

Condition Diagnostics

After collecting an anamnesis and examining the patient, the doctor prescribes the passage of functional tests and analyzes to establish the cause and confirm the diagnosis.

Provocative tests to detect dizziness:

orthostatic test;
forced hyperventilation;
circular rotation of the head while walking;
Valsalva test;
cold test.

After each test, it is necessary to monitor the patient's well-being. Samples allow you to identify vestibular disorders, which allows you to establish a complete clinical picture of the disease.

Special Methods research:

echo encephalography;
Ultrasound of the vessels of the brain and neck;
dopplerography;
neurosonography;
angiography;
contrast angiography.

Special research methods help to identify disorders in the work of cerebral vessels, to prevent the development of stroke and ischemia.

Laboratory research methods:

general blood analysis;
general urine analysis;
biochemical analyzes;
endocrinological examination.

In some cases, to determine the cause of headache and dizziness, a long-term observation of the patient using all clinical studies will be required.

Important! To assess the effectiveness of treatment, doctors recommend keeping a diary in which it is necessary to record the circumstances that caused the attack.

First aid for dizziness

Sometimes an attack of dizziness can occur suddenly, against the background of seemingly complete well-being. This situation requires immediate action, because with severe dizziness, there may be a lack of coordination with a possible loss of consciousness.

First aid algorithm:

It is necessary to take a horizontal position of the body (or find a support to which you can lean).
It is forbidden to be nervous, as this can aggravate the condition (dizziness does not pose a danger to life).
If possible, ask for support from people so that they call ambulance(if the attack occurred on the street).
Do not close your eyes, focus on one subject.

When an attack is caused by changes in blood pressure against the background of vasospasm, its duration can be from 2-3 minutes to several hours.

Before the arrival of specialists, you should be guided by the following tips:

lay the patient on a hard surface;
put a roller under your feet;
stretch tight clothes;
provide fresh air;
massage whiskey with your fingertips;
give sedatives to drink.

Medical methods of treatment

Treatment of headache and dizziness includes the principles:

individual approach to each patient;
fulfillment of appointments of specialists;
elimination of factors provoking an attack;
healthy lifestyle;
rejection of bad habits.

With severe dizziness appoint:

Anticholinergics (Scopolamine, Ephedrine).
Phenothiazines (Chlorpromazine, Promethazine).
Tranquilizers (diazepam, lorazepam).

To prevent headaches, prescribe:

Beta-blockers (Atenolol, Propanol, Acebutolol).
Calcium antagonists (Nicardipine, Verapamil, Nimodipine).
Antidepressants (Amitriptyline, Doxipin, Nortriptyline).
Anticonvulsants (Carbamazepine, Phenytoin).
Antihistamines (Loratadine, Cetirazine, Chloropyramine).

Non-drug treatments

Food is one of the main factors that can cause a pain attack and dizziness.

The list of such products includes harmful additives containing amines, monosodium glutamate, nitrites, aspartate. These biological substances contribute to the expansion of cerebral vessels, which is manifested by painful sensations in the temples and forehead.

From the diet it is necessary to exclude:

alcohol;
chocolate;
citrus;
coffee and strong tea;
canned food;
smoked meats;
sausages;
yeast dough;
Palm oil.

In your diet you need to include products:

lean meat and fish;
vegetables rich in iron;
cereals;
herbal teas;
fruit and vegetable juices.

To avoid physical and emotional overstrain during work, it is necessary to regularly take rest breaks, go out into the fresh air and do light physical exercises.

Try to avoid prolonged eye strain, limit your time spent in front of a computer monitor and TV.

It is necessary to reduce the level of stressful situations for this, try:

Do not accumulate negative emotions in yourself.
Learn to enjoy work.
Get in a positive mood.
Smile more often.
Surround yourself with nice people.

Folk methods of treatment

Non-traditional methods of treatment are combined with medication.

Herbal preparations and tinctures will help alleviate the condition, the most effective are:

1 st. l. chamomile flowers pour boiling water, leave for 15 minutes. Take 3-4 times a day 15 minutes before meals.
1 st. l. crushed valerian roots, pour 200 ml warm water, insist 7-8 hours. Consume strained 3 times a day after meals.
1 tsp elecampane root, 1 tsp. peppermint, pour a glass of boiling water, leave for 8-9 hours. Taken 4 times a day in a warm form.
1 st. l. elderberry flowers, 1 tsp. St. John's wort, pour 200 ml of boiling water. Insist at night, take 2 times a day for half a cup after meals.

Infusions and decoctions medicinal herbs should be taken according to the scheme: 2 weeks - reception; 2 weeks break. It is recommended to change the fee periodically.

Modern life, filled with stress and mental strain, often leads to headaches and dizziness. The malaise is common and everyone has experienced it. Many do not even pay attention to this state. But a frivolous attitude to health can turn into serious problems.

A severe headache has a certain form and is expressed by symptoms:

sudden fainting;
the eyes are covered with a dark veil;
a sharp change in body position is accompanied by clouding in the eyes;
weakness with the appearance of vomiting;
loss of sense of balance.

When dizziness is accompanied by headache and weakness, then you need health care. Basically, these signs indicate a failure of the vestibular apparatus.

Causes

There are several "safe" causes of headaches and dizziness. They do not cause particular harm to health, but you should not leave them unattended:

sharp twists and turns. The problem occurs mainly in adolescents during puberty and in the elderly. Explained by the weakness of blood vessels;
stress. In such situations, adrenaline is sharply released, and this causes vasoconstriction. The result is mild dizziness and a headache. Strong experiences are very dangerous, because after them these symptoms can occur systematically, even without stress;
eye strain. Long work at the computer, the use of gadgets is an integral part of life modern man. An enormous load falls on the eyes, causing pain in the head and slight dizziness;
lack of carbohydrates in the body. The rhythm of life does not leave time for good nutrition. Because of this “starvation” effect, headache and dizziness often occur;
alcohol. If you have abused alcohol, then you should not be surprised by nausea, dizziness and severe headache;
harsh perfume. Painful sensations in the head can cause a strong smell that irritates the nerve endings of the nose. A few minutes of exposure and the person has a headache with dizziness;
smoking. Harmful hobby is the strongest migraine trigger. Until you quit smoking, be prepared for frequent throbbing headaches. It's not worth talking about dizziness;
sex. Oddly enough, but the lack of sexual intercourse also causes a headache, sometimes very severe.

Causes of comorbidities

There are illnesses that lead to conditions where there is a headache, sudden nausea and severe dizziness. These diseases threaten human health and require immediate medical attention:

various head injuries. A concussion leads to swelling of the brain, causing constant severe headaches with dizziness. In addition, there is a loss of orientation, nausea and drowsiness;
atherosclerosis. The formation of cholesterol plaques in the vessels causes a violation of the blood supply to the brain. A person begins to be haunted by pain in the head with whirling;
brain tumor. Severe and very dangerous disease with headache attacks. Pressing pain in the head causes a specific dizziness with a sensation of rotation of surrounding objects. The size of the tumor affects the severity of symptoms. A person begins to sweat a lot, pressure rises and gait is disturbed;
migraine. Severe dizziness with pain is observed during the aura period, that is, a complex of symptoms that are harbingers of pain;
cervical osteochondrosis. With this common disease, the intervertebral discs shift, which compress the vessels that feed the brain. There is a lack of oxygen in the brain and a headache develops with unpleasant whirling;
hypertension. The disease is not limited to the elderly, as is commonly believed. The condition is accompanied by painful sensations in the head, buzzing in the ears, flickering flies in the eyes and severe dizziness;
hypotension. With a decrease in pressure, weakness appears, a headache begins, the face turns pale and feels sick. When tilting and suddenly turning, dizziness appears;
vegetative dystonia. The disease is of a neurological nature and leads to a violation of the tone of the vessels of the brain. Naturally, there is a strong dizziness and begins to crush the head.

Headache and dizziness appear due to many reasons: inflammation, infection, injury, allergies. The similarity of symptoms does not mean that the treatment will not be different.

Diagnostic measures

To find the causes that cause headaches and dizziness, you need to carefully check the vestibular apparatus and the functioning of the nervous system. Specialists of a narrow profile are involved in the diagnosis: a neurologist, an oculist, an otolaryngologist.

The following studies are usually carried out:

dopplerography,
audiography,
ophthalmological examination,
x-ray of the neck and skull.

In addition, the amount of glucose in the body is assessed, an ECG and a general therapeutic examination are done.

Therapy

When the cause of vertigo and headache is established, a treatment strategy is developed.

Basically, therapy consists in following a certain diet, taking medicines and exercises that strengthen the vestibular apparatus. In rare cases, surgery will be required.

Therapy of severe dizziness is based on the symptoms of concomitant diseases. Headaches with circling are eliminated with vestibulolytic drugs. Antihistamines such as Promethazine and Meclozine relieve symptoms quickly.

Pain in the head with a sense of anxiety is eliminated by tranquilizers: Diazepam or Lorazepam. If vomiting occurs during dizziness, metoclopramide will help.
Prolonged headaches and circling are treated with Eufillin or Diazepam.

Recently, such conditions have been stopped with the help of Betahistine hydrochloride, which has a structure similar to histamine. This drug is also effective in the presence of Meniere's disease. It reduces the number of seizures and normalizes the vestibular apparatus.

Preventive measures

If severe illness are absent, then frequent use of caffeine or nitrites can lead to dizziness. These substances have a negative effect on blood vessels. It can be concluded that by eating right, you can avoid many problems, including dizziness with a headache. It is advisable to drink less coffee. And nitrites are found in meat, so you should limit the consumption of sausages and various convenience foods.

You should walk more in parks and forests, where fresh air oxygenate the blood.

Folk remedies

Sudden heaviness in the head, severe dizziness and unexpected weakness can be helped by traditional medicine.

The most effective means:

St. John's wort decoction. This plant has a strong therapeutic effect. A spoonful of raw materials is poured with boiling water. The cooled broth should be filtered and drunk three times a day in a spoon;
infusion of cinnamon. Drink two sips;
lemon. Sprinkle a slice of lemon with sugar and eat;
Apple vinegar. This remedy is effective if the headache with dizziness is due to migraine;
valerian infusion. Perfectly relieves headaches due to nervous strain.

But it should not be forgotten that the use folk remedies possible only after consultation with your doctor.

Headache and dizziness are considered symptoms of emerging or present serious illnesses. To deal with numerous causes and eliminate them, only an experienced and qualified doctor can.