Sakura is most often associated with Japan and its culture. Picnics in the canopy flowering trees have long become an integral attribute of welcoming spring in the Land of the Rising Sun. Financial and academic year here it starts on April 1, when the magnificent cherry blossoms bloom. Therefore, many significant moments in the life of the Japanese take place under the sign of their flowering. But sakura also grows well in cooler regions - certain species can be successfully grown even in Siberia.

We have prepared a hearty, incredibly appetizing and simply easy-to-prepare dish for you today. This sauce is one hundred percent universal, as it goes with every side dish: vegetables, pasta, or anything. Chicken and mushroom gravy will save you in moments when you don’t have time or don’t want to think too much about what to cook. Take your favorite side dish (you can do this in advance so everything is hot), add some gravy and dinner is ready! A real lifesaver.

Agriculture is one of those types of human activity, the successful outcome of which is not always directly proportional to the efforts made. Unfortunately, nature does not necessarily act as our ally when growing plants, and often, on the contrary, even throws up new challenges. Increased reproduction of pests, abnormal heat, late return frosts, hurricane winds, drought... And one of the springs gave us another surprise - a flood.

With the arrival of the dacha season, the question arises of growing strong and healthy seedlings our favorite vegetables: cabbage, tomatoes, sweet peppers, eggplants and many other crops. At the same time, the question arises - how to grow decent seedlings and subsequently get healthy plants and a decent harvest from them? For example, I have been growing seedlings for several seasons now and protecting my garden from diseases with the help of biological drugs Alirin-B, Gamair, Glyokladin, Trichocin.

Let me confess my love today. In love with... lavender. One of the best unpretentious, evergreen and beautiful flowering shrubs, which can be successfully grown in your garden. And if anyone thinks that lavender is a Mediterranean or at least southern resident, then you are mistaken. Lavender grows well in more northern regions, even in the Moscow region. But to grow it, you need to know some rules and features. They will be discussed in this article.

Once you have tried such an invaluable product as pumpkin, it is difficult to stop searching for new recipes for serving it to the table. Korean pumpkin, despite its pungency and spiciness, has a fresh and delicate taste. After cooking, you will need to cover the salad and let it sit for at least 15 minutes. My nutmeg pumpkin is very juicy and sweet, so there is no need to mash it. If the pumpkin is of a different variety, you can mash it with your hands so that it slightly releases the juice.

Lettuce, as the earliest and most unpretentious green crop, has always been held in high esteem by gardeners. Spring planting Most gardeners usually start by sowing lettuce, parsley and radishes. IN Lately desire for healthy eating and a large selection of greens in supermarkets make gardeners think, which of these plants can be grown in their beds? In this article we will talk about nine of the most interesting, in our opinion, varieties of salad.

The flowering of indoor roses always comes with one more “bonus” - capriciousness. When they say that it is easy to grow roses in rooms, they are lying. For flowering indoor roses it is necessary to create literally ideal conditions. And constant care, attention and response to any plant signals is the main key to success. True, no matter how capricious roses may be, they can be grown quite successfully in a potted format. And attentive flower growers should not be afraid of this.

Pollock is best prepared as a casserole, separating the fillet from the skin and bones. Pieces of fish are mixed with a colorful assortment of vegetables and topped with a sauce of cheese, sour cream and eggs. This fish casserole has a presentable appearance, and its taste is a bizarre mixture of subtle nuances. Vegetables and fillets will be soaked in sour cream, the cheese will harden into a golden brown crust, and the eggs will bind all the ingredients together. Pieces of fish are generously sprinkled with Italian herbs, and pollock acquires an unusual piquancy.

Despite the fact that calendar spring begins in March, you can truly feel the awakening of nature only with the advent of flowering plants in the garden. Nothing signals the arrival of spring as eloquently as clearings of blooming primroses. Their appearance is always a small celebration, because winter has receded and a new gardening season awaits us. But besides spring primroses, there is still a lot to see and admire in the garden in the month of April.

Rapidly growing and turning into wild thickets, hogweed disrupts the existing ecosystem and suppresses all other plants. Essential oils, contained in the fruits and leaves of hogweed, cause severe forms dermatitis. At the same time, it is much more difficult to control than other common weeds. Fortunately, today a product has appeared on the market that can quickly rid your area of most weeds, including hogweed.

Carrots come in different colors: orange, white, yellow, purple. Orange carrots are dominated by beta-carotene and lycopene, the yellow color is due to the presence of xanthophylls (lutein); White carrots have a lot of fiber, and purple ones contain anthocyanin, beta and alpha carotenes. But, as a rule, gardeners choose carrot varieties for sowing not by the color of the fruit, but by the timing of their ripening. We will tell you about the best early, middle and late varieties in this article.

We recommend a fairly easy pie recipe with a delicious chicken and potato filling. An open pie with chicken and potatoes is an excellent hearty dish that is suitable for a hearty snack; it is very convenient to take a couple of pieces of this pastry on the road. The pie is baked in the oven for one hour at 180 degrees. After that we put it on wooden surface, having previously released it from the mold. It is enough to slightly cool the baked goods and you can start tasting.

The long-awaited spring for many indoor plants is the period of the start of active growing season, and for the majority - the return of their decorative effect. While admiring the young leaves and emerging shoots, you should not forget that spring is also a great stress for all indoor plants. Sensitive to changes in conditions and universal, all indoor crops face much brighter lighting, changes in air humidity and temperature conditions.

You can easily prepare homemade Easter cake with cottage cheese and candied fruits, even without any pastry experience. You can bake Easter cake not only in a special form or in a paper mold. For your first culinary experiences (and not only) I advise you to take a small cast iron frying pan. Easter cake in a frying pan will not turn out as high as in a narrow pan, but it never burns and is always well baked inside! Cottage cheese dough made with yeast turns out airy and aromatic.

If you know how to plant tangerines at home, you can get a good harvest on your windowsill. By following the rules of planting, grafting and subsequent care, you can grow an unusually beautiful tangerine tree, which will delight you with its decorative properties and fill the space with an intoxicatingly delicate aroma during flowering.

Why do citrus trees need grafting?

Growing citrus fruits at home is a fascinating process. It is enough to sow the seeds in the ground and organize proper care. As soon as the seedling has grown, many gardeners begin to ask the question of whether it is necessary to graft the tangerine. This procedure is necessary because it helps:

When thinking about the question of whether tangerines are grafted, you need to decide what kind of plant you want to see on the windowsill. If the goal is to grow an ornamental tree with a lush crown, then you can do without auxiliary manipulations. If you want to see and taste juicy fruits, you will need to graft a tangerine so that it bears fruit. Without such an event, the plant will begin to bear fruit 10-15 years after planting, and the fruits will have a sour taste. A similar situation is typical; one also needs to be able to vaccinate correctly. If citrus fruits were purchased in a specialized store, then this procedure is no longer required.

Grafting a tangerine at home is a responsible process. It is recommended to carry it out from March to May. During these months, sap flow intensifies, and the chances of a successful outcome increase significantly. Graft tangerine tree It is also possible in August, when the plant has gained strength.

How to vaccinate?

Experienced plant growers, through trial and error, have figured out how to graft tangerines correctly so that fruits begin to form 3-4 years after planting. Experts advise carrying out the procedure on several seedlings. This approach will significantly increase the chances of success, since not all cuttings take root the first time.

Homemade tangerines

If anyone has tried to grow roses from cuttings, then you are familiar with all the failures and difficulties of the process. Therefore, it is important to approach the process with the utmost care and diligence. Grafting a lemon tree is just as effective as at the height of the season. You shouldn’t deviate from the rules if you want to enjoy your own success.

How to graft a tangerine grown from a seed? It is necessary to ensure that there is already a fruit-bearing tree from which you can take tangerine cuttings for grafting. You can ask your friends for the graft. You will need a cutting with 2-4 buds. As a rootstock, it is necessary to prepare a tangerine seedling from a seed with a trunk diameter of at least 6 mm. It is not recommended to carry out the procedure on a plant less than 2 years old.

Additional tools you will need:

a well-sharpened knife;
insulating tape;
garden var.

Wash your hands and prepared tools with soap first;
the operation should be carried out quickly, as oxidation of the bark tissue occurs and the fusion of the scion worsens;
make cuts even;
monitor the contact of the layers of bark of the existing rootstock and scion.

You can graft a young tree in one of the following ways:

Grafting into the cleft and behind the bark is more suitable for thicker rootstocks. If the “by the bark” method is chosen, then a 3 cm incision is made on the cut branch. The edges of the bark are slightly separated and the prepared cuttings are placed with an oblique cut. If the branch is of a decent diameter, then 2-3 pieces are grafted around the circumference so that the wound heals better and there is a greater chance of success. With this method, the cuttings are placed no closer than 3 cm from each other.

Grafting a tangerine into a cleft is performed in the following sequence:

The branch is cut, the stump in the center is split to a depth of 5 cm.
Make 2 oblique cuts on the cutting (length 3-4 cm).
The resulting wedge is placed in the cleft so that there is contact between the cambium of the scion and the rootstock on at least one side. The rootstock is the plant on which the grafting is performed.
The grafting site is wrapped with tape or a pre-prepared fabric tape so that the bud remains open.
The tree is placed in a greenhouse made of plastic bag or plastic bottle. The greenhouse will have to be opened daily to prevent excess moisture.

How to plant a homemade tangerine: video from detailed master class vaccinations using another method - in splits.

Budding: step-by-step instructions

Agrotechnical stages:

Further manipulations include regular ventilation of the greenhouse to avoid moisture stagnation. If after 10-14 days the cuttings dry out or turn black, then the procedure was not successful. If you purchased a cutting yellow tint, it means it has taken root successfully, so the bandage should be loosened and then completely removed. As soon as a shoot begins to sprout from the bud, the stem part of the rootstock is shortened obliquely, keeping a distance of 5-10 cm from the grafted cuttings. Additionally, the cut will need to be treated with garden varnish and tied to a wooden peg.

Caring for the tree after grafting

IN warm season It is recommended to send the grafted plant into fresh air; in hot weather it should be shaded. On hot days, it is advisable to spray the crown warm water or wipe the foliage with a damp sponge. The plant's dormant period lasts from November to February. At this time, it is recommended to reduce the temperature to +14°C by sending the citrus to an insulated balcony or placing it on a windowsill closer to the glass. In cool conditions during the winter months, flowering buds will appear on the mature buds. Watering should be reduced to 1-2 times a week.

It is worth feeding the tree 2-3 times a month in the summer. You need to use specialized fertilizers and organic ones.

For preventive purposes, the soil is spilled with a weak solution of manganese or ferrous sulfate once every 1.5-2 months.

Citrus trees that have not reached 4 years of age must be replanted annually in the spring, then once every 2 years. Diameter of new flower pot increase by 3-5 cm. When transplanting, you should save the earthen ball so as not to accidentally damage the roots.

When growing citrus fruits, pruning is of no small importance. It is important to form the correct “skeleton” in the first year of life. When lateral branches grow, large ones should be left and the rest removed. An adult plant requires pruning in order to accelerate fruiting and give decorative look. Best time for manipulations - the first 2 weeks of February, when the rest period ends. In order for citrus to branch, periodically pinch the apical shoots and remove weak ones. In summer, you can shorten long and fattening shoots.

Growing homemade tangerines is not that difficult. There are so many benefits and impressions from this, feel free to experiment and share your experience with others!

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How to properly graft a tangerine?

Anyone involved in cultivation citrus fruits at home, I am interested in the question: how to plant a tangerine so that it begins to bear fruit quickly? Despite the fact that this fruit is exotic, growing a tangerine from a seed at home is not at all difficult and after 3-4 years, if you follow certain rules, you can get a good harvest.

Growing a tangerine tree is possible at home if you take the necessary care.

Preparing the soil and planting seeds

First you need to prepare correct soil, because tangerines cannot stand sour earth. When purchasing ready-made mixtures, you need to pay attention to the fact that they do not contain peat. The best option will prepare the soil yourself at home, for this you need to take 2 parts of humus, 2 parts of forest soil and 1 part of sand.

Tangerine seeds can be obtained from a regular fruit.

Indoor tangerine can be propagated in several ways: cuttings, seeds, layering and grafting. But the simplest and most common method is propagation by seeds. In order to grow a tangerine from a seed, you need to buy well-ripened, soft fruits and select about a dozen large seeds from them. Then the seeds are placed in a small fabric or gauze bag, placed in a small container and periodically moistened with water so that the seeds swell and hatch.

After the seeds have swelled, you need to prepare the pot. Drainage is placed at the bottom of a small pot, which may consist of small pebbles, shards or nut shells. Then the container is filled with prepared soil and several seeds are planted to a depth of about 4 centimeters. Before germination, the pots should be kept in a warm place and the soil moisture monitored. After the first 5 leaves appear, the seedlings can be transplanted into large pots.

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Caring for tangerines at home

The basis of caring for a tangerine tree is to provide it with sufficient light and warmth. The temperature in the room where citrus grows must be maintained at least 20 °C, since tangerine is a heat-loving plant and does not tolerate cold weather. The duration of daylight must be at least 12 hours, otherwise it will be necessary to use special phytolamps that replace daylight.

Tangerine seedlings need to create their own microclimate so that it is sufficiently humid and warm.

Tangerine seedlings do not tolerate dry air and damp soil. Their leaves need to be constantly sprayed and wiped from dust. Watering is carried out with filtered or boiled water; the soil should always be slightly moist. IN winter time Watering is reduced slightly, but the soil should not be allowed to dry out.

Another condition proper care behind the exotic tree is pruning. In the first year of life, the skeleton of the tree is formed. When the side branches grow strongly, the strongest ones are selected, and the rest are simply removed. In older tangerines, pruning is carried out in order to form a well-groomed crown and speed up fruiting. It is best to carry out the pruning procedure in early February, when the dormant period ends. For this purpose, the upper shoots are pinched and old branches are removed. In summer, you can shorten branches that are too long.

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Tangerine grafting

Everyone wants to quickly get tasty and juicy fruits from their citrus seedlings, and when the tangerines ripen, the joy of gardeners knows no bounds. In order to get a rich harvest of healthy fruits, a tangerine seedling must be grafted. It is better to carry out this procedure in April-May, when the sap begins to flow, but it can also be done in August, when the plant gains strength. For the rootstock (the plant that is grafted), seedlings of orange, lemon or grapefruit are most often chosen.

The cuttings for grafting are taken from a healthy fruit-bearing tree, cutting it off from a one- or two-year-old branch. All manipulations are carried out with a sharp, disinfected instrument. Leaves and thorns are removed from the cuttings, leaving only the tangerine bud. For the rootstock, a plant with a pencil thickness and well-developed bark is selected. The trunk of the plant at a height of about 10 centimeters from the ground is thoroughly wiped with a wet cloth, and all dirt and dust are removed from it. Next, using a sharp knife, trying not to touch the wood, make an incision in the shape of the letter T on the bark, the upper part of which is 2.5 cm, and the lower part is 1 cm. Then, with the tip of the knife, the bark is carefully pushed aside and a cutting with a bud is inserted into the resulting hole, after which cover it with the edges of the bark, smear it with garden varnish (a viscous mass of cow dung and fatty clay) and wrap it with tape or a piece of cloth so that the bud remains on the surface. The grafted plant is placed in a small greenhouse constructed from a plastic bag or plastic bottle. The greenhouse must be opened and ventilated daily to prevent excess moisture.

After 2-3 weeks appearance cuttings can be judged on the success of the grafting operation. If the grafted cutting turns black or dries out, it means that it has not taken root and the procedure must be repeated. If the cutting turns yellow, this indicates a successful grafting; the bandage can be loosened a little, and later removed completely. When a shoot begins to grow from the bud, the trunk of the rootstock is cut obliquely 10 centimeters above the grafting site. The cut is treated with garden varnish, and the shoot is tied to a wooden support.

Since tangerine is an evergreen plant, each leaf, on average, lives in nature for about four years. The tangerine tree grows slowly, up to 25 years it can reach 3-3.5 meters in height. The crown of an adult plant can be approximately the same in diameter. Mandarin blossoms very beautifully, its flowers are large, bright white, and have a pleasant spicy aroma, so at home, mandarin can also be grown as an ornamental flowering plant.

Suppose you come across a tangerine that is full of seeds, and you have a desire to plant it. The ability to grow your own tangerine tree from an ordinary seed is wonderful, but be prepared for the fact that you will have to have a fair amount of patience - tangerines grow extremely slowly. In addition, you will have to find out how to plant a tangerine and learn it practically.

Why citrus fruits need grafting?

It is worth noting that a tangerine grown from a seed produces fruits after grafting, but they are not similar to those from which the seeds were originally taken. In order for the tangerine variety to be repeated, it is necessary to propagate it vegetatively - by cuttings, grafting. However, what comes out will, in any case, pleasantly surprise the gardener.

In order for the grown mandarin to begin to bear fruit, it is necessary to be vaccinated.

Very often, gardeners plant citrus seeds, sometimes simply out of curiosity. These seedlings germinate superbly, live at home, the tree looks very beautiful, but does not bear fruit. So, what you grow at home in a pot from a tangerine seed is wild. Just as only a tree can grow from an apple seed, which at best produces wild sour fruits if it is not grafted, so a tangerine without grafting will not bear normal fruits.

So, in order to get a real fruit-bearing tangerine, you should graft a plant grown from a seed from a fruit-bearing tree; the type of citrus fruit does not really matter.

Planting tangerines correctly

First of all, you need to prepare planting material- tangerine seed. It is best to immediately plant about ten seeds so that your efforts are not in vain. Seeds taken from ripe fruits are suitable for planting. You can let the fruit overripe a little so that the seeds are definitely ready for planting and further growth. But don’t let the tangerine rot, it can also have a bad effect on the seeds.

Important. It is necessary to obtain seeds from the pulp immediately before planting; dried seeds are no longer suitable.

Already swollen tangerine seeds are planted in the ground.

Take a saucer, gauze or cotton wool. Pour warm water into the bottom of the dish, place the material on top, let it soak in moisture, and place it on top tangerine seeds, cover them with the same wet cloth or cotton wool. When the seeds are very swollen, they can already be planted in the ground. When you see green shoots, it’s time to send the little tangerines into the ground.

Any commercial soil for citrus fruits or just a light nutrient substrate is suitable for planting. You can also prepare the soil yourself; for this you need to take one part of leaf soil, turf soil and compost.

It is better to place the sprouted seeds in a greenhouse - for this, good drainage is made in a spacious pot, soil is poured in and the plants are planted. The greenhouse should be placed in a bright place in the house, but not directly Sun rays, you can additionally illuminate the seedlings with a lamp. It is also necessary to regularly ventilate the greenhouse to prevent rot and mold. With a harmonious ratio of light, moisture and heat, the tangerine will quickly grow and require a separate pot.

Features and conditions of tangerine grafting

So, the tangerine has grown and become stronger, it is in a separate pot. Now you need to make sure that it bears fruit. First, you need to think about having a tree that bears fruit for grafting (you will need a cutting with two to four buds).

Important. You should not try to graft a plant that is less than two years old.

Some time before grafting, you should start watering the plant abundantly, then check how the bark is falling away from the tree by cutting the bark slightly above the place where the grafting will be done. In order to properly graft a tree, it is very important to follow whole line rules

You must act accurately, quickly and confidently. If you work slowly, the plant's tissues may oxidize under the influence of oxygen, in which case the graft simply will not take root.

Without vaccination, a tangerine grown at home will not bear fruit.

You can practice on plants that grow less slowly and are therefore less valuable. Hands and all instruments should be completely clean; ideally, wear sterile surgical gloves. Otherwise, bacteria and fungi will simply destroy the young plant. You should try not to touch the cut with your hands, and wipe the grafting site and cuttings with a damp cloth, or (which is ideal) treat it with a fungicide.

The most optimal and correct timing In order to vaccinate citrus fruits, including indoor plants, this is spring and early summer (May or June). It is better to choose for vaccination rainy weather, open the window, because high content Humidity in the air has a good effect on the condition of the scion, preventing it from drying out excessively.

Is it true, experienced flower growers vaccinated in room conditions citrus fruits (including tangerines) are almost all year round. Tangerines, as a rule, have two waves of full growth, the second is late autumn. Therefore, even at the beginning of winter, you can also graft the plant. It is important to provide him with normal humidity in the air and lighting after the procedure.

You can plant indoor tangerines with an eye or a cutting. Cuttings can be stored in the refrigerator in sawdust or peat.

Mandarin can be grafted with a cutting or an eye.

Let's take a closer look at two methods of vaccination:

How to graft a tangerine with a bud or an “eye”. Vaccination methods indoor tangerine the same as in conventional gardening. The only difference is the size of the “tree”. To graft a tangerine, you need to choose a healthy and mature bud. First, you should clean the trunk of your rootstock (not a grafted tree) from dust and dirt by lightly wiping the surface with a moistened cotton swab. Then, taking a sharp knife, very carefully make a cut in the shape of the letter “T” on the bark of the rootstock, without touching the wood. Corners should appear on the bark. They are slightly bent and a peephole is inserted there.
Grafting a tangerine with a cutting. First, the stem is lightly wiped, dust is removed and cut horizontally at a height of five to seven centimeters from the ground surface. In the downward direction, you need to make a small (about a centimeter) cut along the bark, slightly move the corners of the bark, where to insert the prepared cutting. A good cutting should have two or three nodes with full buds and several cuttings from leaves. Having pressed the cutting, smooth out the corners and edges on the bark, pressing the bark to the cutting. The grafting site is properly wrapped, and the top is covered (for example, with garden pitch).

Caring for the tree after grafting

After vaccination, the tangerine needs care.

In the warm season, it is best to send tangerines grown from seeds and grafted into fresh air, but in hot summer heat the tree should be slightly shaded. In summer, especially if it is hot, you must periodically spray the entire crown with slightly warm water, or wipe the leaves with a damp sponge.

The tangerine tree needs a normal light source; it needs to be placed on the south side, but the direct rays of the hot sun can cause burns on the plant's leaves. In summer you need to feed tangerines once every two weeks. In addition to special fertilizers that are sold in the store, you can also use organic ones. For prevention, once every two months the soil is spilled with a very weak manganese solution or iron sulfate.

The dormant period for mandarins begins at the end of November and ends in February. During this period of time, you should lower the air temperature in the room where the tangerine tree stands to 14 degrees plus, sending your citrus to a warm veranda or balcony. If this is not possible, choose the coolest windowsill and place the plant closer to window glass. Watering also needs to be reduced (no more than twice a week).

A tangerine that has not yet reached four years of age should be replanted annually at the onset of spring; an adult tree can be replanted every other year. The diameter of each subsequent pot becomes five centimeters larger than the previous one. During transplantation, you need to be careful and save the earthen ball to avoid damage to the roots.

Agronomists advise spraying tangerines grown at home.

Experts who regularly grow citrus fruits from seeds, including tangerines, advise:

Irrigate the tangerine tree with rainwater once a week.
The plant will feel great if you install a small indoor decorative fountain in the room in which the tangerine stands.
To ensure that your tangerine does not grow too much and gives more strength not to the leaves, but to the fruits, you need to pinch all the young branches after the formation of six leaves. Ideally formed crown citrus tree has a slightly rounded shape, and the plant itself in adulthood can reach one and a half meters
If you were able to grow a young tangerine in a pot, you should take care of purchasing a cultivated normal scion; it is better to purchase it in a botanical garden. When ordering online (on the Internet), make sure that your sprout is properly “preserved”, since for grafting you need to take only freshly cut and healthy material.

By the way, in China, the tangerine tree is a symbol of success, prosperity and prosperity. Just like us New Year We don’t celebrate without a Christmas tree, the Chinese don’t celebrate it without a tangerine tree. So the time will come, and a small tree with real fruits will decorate your holiday table.

You can see in the video detailed process tangerine vaccinations at home.