- Preparatory work
- Assembly process
Pyrography, or wood burning, is a fascinating, interesting hobby. It is mastered by those who love visual arts. The writings that first mention fire-scorched patterns date back to 700 BC. e. The burning apparatus was invented at the beginning of the 20th century. The first devices were made from a glass container, supplemented by two rubber tubes. At the end of one of the tubes was attached a rubber ball for pumping air, at the end of the other there was a platinum tip connected to the handle.
In the middle of the 20th century, a new type of electric burner appeared, which became the prototype modern apparatus. The original kind of applied art became available to children.
The design has undergone significant changes since then. Manufacturers install a power regulator. With it, you can smoothly adjust the temperature of the working needle. This allows you to apply a pattern on any material at hand. On sale you can find models with a large number of nozzles. Due to different-sized nibs, it is possible to form strokes different sizes, to give the picture volume.
Despite a sufficient choice among factory devices, many craftsmen want to make a wood burner with their own hands. Mostly experienced artists resort to this..
Often problems are found on the part of the built-in transformer, you have to solve the problem yourself.
Some masters want to supplement the existing simple burner special device, with which you can adjust the degree of heating of the needle. The article provided practical guide on assembling a mini-burner for wood from improvised means.
Development of an electrical circuit
When assembling a homemade burner, you must have knowledge in the field of radio electronics. This will allow developing wiring diagram. If there are no skills in this area, you can use the scheme below.
The scheme can be simple or quite complex, designed according to the requirements of the developer. The task is to choose the most acceptable option, to implement it in practice.
Preparatory work
Before you make a burner, you need to plan the process, collect necessary materials, fixtures. The set of components depends on what type of device is planned to be made.. If you need a burner with temperature control, you will have to find a dimmer, dimmer, or a mechanism similar in functional direction. You also need to prepare:
- sewing needle;
- needle removable from the syringe;
- power unit;
- soldering device.
To work, you need to take an old charger from mobile phone. For a homemade burner, the power supply from the iPhone is well suited. Its output voltage is 5.1 V and 2 A. H the more powerful the charger or battery pack, the better . If there is no such device, you can use a charger for a screwdriver or other similar compact tool that does not work or is not used due to uselessness. You also need to find a barbecue skewer, high-strength threads, flux, solder on the farm or buy in a store.
The needle is one of the main elements of a homemade wood burner. Her choice should be approached responsibly. It depends on this detail how sophisticated the ornament will be, a miniature silhouette applied to wooden surface. Recommendedgive preference to a thin and sharp needle. A good option- medical needle. She will heat up maximum temperature, evenly heat the sewing needle, which will burn the pattern on the material being processed.
Assembly process
First you need to take round pliers or locksmith pliers. With their help, the nose of a medical needle is bitten off. Then, strictly parallel, two needles are attached to a barbecue skewer, fixed with a strong thread. The end of the sewing needle is gently bent until it lightly touches the tip of the medical needle.
Then you need to connect the wires from the charger to the needles. Polarity does not matter, wires can be connected arbitrarily.
In order for the electric burner to serve for a long time and reliably, the joints must be properly processed. To do this, a small amount of floss is applied to them, then they are tinned.
The wires for the burner are soldered alternately, attached to wooden skewers, fixed with threads. Excess protruding ends of the skewers are cut off. For greater reliability, the threads can be treated with superglue, protected with a heat shrink tube. After this stage, the device is ready, it can be used for its intended purpose.
The figure shows an example of a burner.
The principle of operation of the device does not differ from the principle of operation of the factory apparatus. Despite the fact that charging has only 2 A and 5.1 V, at the time of filing electric current the thin-walled hollow needle from the syringe heats up intensively, transfers heat to the sewing needle. The burner is compact, in practice it shows excellent work, it allows you to apply strokes 10 mm thick on a wooden surface.
To better understand the assembly process, you can watch the video.
We make an electric burner for wood from a pulse transformer. Once in childhood, it was considered for granted to have an electric wood burner at home. And now, I thought to make a similar device for my son (4 years old). After all, a drawing on paper may not be preserved, while a scorched wood one will please you years later. Yes, and I, as a radio amateur, will come in handy. They can cut plastics in the manufacture of cases, you can also solder, and even cut textolite. And also, carefully cut the ropes (if you are a climber :-).
The device has two modes of operation. In the first position of the switch norm» (I) it works at half power: at about 30-35W. In the second " turbo» (II) - 65-70W. The yellow LED shines in both modes, the red one only in the second. Any indication LEDs, not bright ( AL307).
In order to make an electric burner, you will need a cheap (2-2.5 dollars) Chinese-made switching power supply (UPS), 50-60 W, for halogen lamps. You can find them in stores furniture fittings or hardware stores.
Scheme of the burner
Schematic diagram of an electric burner based on ET
On the Internet, I met a remake for making an impulse soldering iron. In the case of a burner, minimal alteration of the UPS will be required.
First, remove the board from the case and solder the output transformer. A lot has been written about these schemes, so I will not delve into the details. It does quite well as an electric burner. I will only say that bipolar transistors MJE13003 (TUVE13007) can be replaced by more powerful current - MJE13005, MJE13007(the last digit means the operating current). At choosing a UPS, you need to take into account the fact that it should not have short-circuit protection!
So, having removed the transformer from the board, it must be disassembled. A lot has also been written about the disassembly of ferromagnetic transformers. But, I will share my experience. First of all, remove the film and use a knife to remove the glue on the core connection. Then heat water in a small container until it boils. But do not immediately throw into boiling water, but heat first warm water. Due to the fact that the quality of these trances is very low, they can split. Therefore, warming it up a little, lower it into boiling water, leaving it there for a few seconds. The procedure can be repeated, and try to loosen the winding body, and also walk with a knife along the seams of the ferrite halves. In the end, you will manage to disassemble it, but do not rush, do everything with caution. In my case, even after breaking such a trance, I did not despair, and connected the four pieces of the core with tape. Some glue the split slices, but even without that it works great, the future tightly compressed with adhesive tape.
Having disassembled the transformer, we remove the secondary winding, and in its place we wind 3-4 turns of stranded wire, with a cross section of 2.5-4mm2. For this, an electrical cable (network) is suitable. The insulation is preliminarily removed, and in its place, a heat-shrinkable cambric of suitable sizes is put on. Why heat shrink tubing? Because she takes less space, regarding cable insulation. Now, we wind four turns, with a tap from the third. The voltage on the last turn will be approximately 9.0-10.5V. It remains to assemble the transformer back, and fish out the conclusions, as can be seen in the photographs.
It's time to deal with the body of the electric burner. To do this, we need an aluminum furniture leg. Yes, yes, furniture again! It is very cheap (less than a dollar), but most importantly, it is made of 1 mm thick aluminum. Thus, the case will serve as a thermal sink for transistors that are very hot. Square leg height =100mm. The issue of the front panel is also solved. To do this, we disassemble the leg, and leave a plastic plug with which we cut off a part - so that all the components of the product fit. Further, the radiator for transistor switches is also aluminum.
I used a 5mm thick plate radiator. It already had threaded holes, which I later used. But if you find a copper plate, then it will definitely serve as a better heat sink. Also, you can use any other radiator of a suitable size. In addition to this radiator, I connected an aluminum U-shaped profile - you guessed it, also furniture, which fits closely into the square profile of the case.
The radiator must be in close contact with the body! Thus, the heat will be distributed evenly, with more efficient throughout the body without the need for bulky heatsinks. The U-shaped profile is connected to the radiator plate with a small gap (2-3 mm) through small washers and then we fasten this “sandwich” to the plate included in the impulse switch kit. Transistors and the board are necessarily fixed through an insulator, also from the UPS. The body of the burner is preferably grounded.
Do not forget, the device is connected to a mains voltage of 220V, so we take all safety measures during assembly and commissioning!
Now, we drill holes in the plastic front panel, under the switch of operating modes of the electric burner - under the wires and under the LEDs red And yellow glow. We connect LEDs with limiting resistors with hot glue, as can be seen in the photo.
Next, we twist the switch and connect all the wires by soldering (see figure). Switch - P2T-21(Soviet-made, maximum switching power up to 660 W with active load). It is necessary to use as powerful a toggle switch as possible, otherwise the contacts will overheat! Max Power electric burner reaches 70 watts.
To the body, as legs (anti-slip), we glue self-adhesives made of cork or silicone (available from glaziers and furniture makers). As a handle, I used a ready-made handle from a burner industrial production. And if you make it yourself, then the handle from a burnt soldering iron will do. Or we cut it out of textolite, wood with a fluoroplastic tip of suitable thickness. Mounting for nichrome - the terminals of the electric pads are just right for this purpose.
I found nichrome for tips with a diameter of 0.8-1.5 mm on the radio market. Suitable for various heating devices. It must be bent as in the photographs and flatten the tip with a hammer. I made two types of tips: one of millimeter nichrome - for burning and cutting, the other of one and a half millimeter, for rougher work. Accordingly, the second one will effectively heat up in a more powerful operating mode of the device (turbo).
The wire for the electric burner must be selected with a large cross section and the most flexible. Otherwise it will overheat. Naturally, the electric burner will work intermittently, about 15-30 minutes.
Firstly, the efficiency is very low, which leads to large heat losses. And secondly, the handle will heat up, which forces you to work with it cyclically. For more convenient use, I advise you to adapt the push-button pedal (from sewing machine or from some machine) or a push-button power switch, etc. I did not make additional holes in the case or radiator for heat dissipation. This is up to you, depending on the heatsink used.
The device is very easy to manufacture, thanks to turnkey solutions to assemble it. It can be made by any beginner, with minimal skills in electronics. The main thing is to follow the safety rules when working with it. After all, the temperature of the tip reaches 500-600 degrees.
If you make an electric burner for a child, then the presence of an adult when working with it is mandatory. I hope it brings joy and creative success! ).
Discuss the article ELECTRIC BURNER
Today, many people, both adults and children, want to burn wood. This type of hobby even has a name - pyrography. Since ancient times, this type of art has arisen, its essence lies in the depiction of drawings on wood on a solid surface in such a way as to capture the picture on long time. To do this, use a very hot object that will melt the surface, thereby leaving traces.
What materials should be used? In particular, wood is chosen as the basis for the future image, since it is one of the most malleable, cheap and most available materials for burning out.
Undoubtedly, every person at least once, but still saw the fruits of pyrography live. In translation, this word means an image with the help of fire. Looks really bewitching.
Surely every person had to be surprised more than once by the beauty of drawings and patterns on wood. Wood burning, like drawing, is painstaking and great work. Those who create with the help of "fire", as well as sculptors and artists, are very receptive to the world around them, because this is the main condition for creating masterpieces. A masterpiece, in this case, is not just to depict someone's face or an element of nature, but to convey every line, even the smallest detail, to display the mood, the expression of the eyes (if it is a person). And all this on one small board.
There are several types of burning
With the help of a store device (meaning bought in a store for the development of any company).
- Using homemade wood burners (that is, the element that you make from your materials).
- With the help of the sun and lenses. This method is used by many children who have nothing to do in the sun, but it was used by ancient people to get a fire or transfer any information to other tribes using a pattern on the bark.
To date, the most relevant is homemade burner on wood, since the sun is not always there, and we are not ancient people in a hopeless situation. And when buying a new device, you will have to spend a considerable amount of money.
To make it yourself, you need to have an idea about the device of any store analogue. With the right approach, you can develop more functional and high-quality wood burners.
What is the shop element made of?
We can only see it externally. A inner part can be seen on the drawing. The scheme of the burner for wood is shown below in the photo.
By the way, most stores sell power tools. Therefore, it is worth looking at the main details, including the transformer for the wood burner. Also, for an extended concept of these elements, you should pay attention to the instruction manual. The main details and the material from which they are made will definitely be spelled out there.
How to make a wood burner with your own hands?
To implement this idea, it is necessary to apply a lot of ingenuity and perseverance, since this is not the easiest thing to do, and the scheme is very intricate. During manufacture, you will have to use a variety of equipment that is not available in the usual sale.
What will be needed for this?
It all depends on what kind of wood burners you decide to make. The only thing that will come in handy in any case - nichrome wire. The next required parts are the battery and wire. The battery is preferably of a rechargeable type, since with constant work with the device a lot of ordinary batteries will be used up, which can significantly hit your pocket.
There are also requirements for the wire. A good wire is a guarantee of your safety, so you should approach this issue very responsibly.
Where can I find a development schema?
The scheme can be developed by yourself. In our article, you can find many different types of circuits - from the most elementary to quite complex. All these inventions were designed for the nature of the developer, of course. You can easily choose any of the schemes and work on it.
It is worth recalling that each person is an individual, which means that everyone has his own character and his own requirements for life. In this case, it is worth remembering this, looking at a large number of proposed schemes and creating your own, even if it is a little more complicated and demanding than the rest.
Naturally, it will be easier to fulfill your idea for people who are closely familiar with physical laws, and especially with electrical circuits. If you do not understand this - no problem, you can find information about the graphical representation of the circuits, deal with the images and find out what is what in reality.
Where to start?
You need to start by modeling the burner, first in your head, and then on paper. When there are clearly defined ideas, you can start looking for parts for the device. It will not take so much time, since everyone has the main spare parts in the house. Of course, it will be more difficult if you choose a pyrograph with the ability to change nozzles and change the temperature.
How to make the easiest burner?
Probably not many a large number time to do difficult option burner. Therefore, consider hiking option.
To make the device, we need:
Needle from a medical syringe;
- one sewing needle;
- 9 volt rechargeable battery;
- double wire.
The needle should be given more attention, since the quality of your masterpieces in the future will depend on its quality. It is desirable that it be sharp and thin. During operation, it will be the needle from under the syringe that will heat up red-hot. The second will barely touch it. This will cause resistance and will help warm up the needle.
In the manufacture, a cap from a syringe needle, as well as a sewing needle (with a threaded thread) are also useful. It is necessary to pierce the cap with a needle and stretch the thread to the end - so that the needle fits snugly against the cap. To secure it, wrap it with the rest of the thread. In this case, the needle should extend beyond the cap and be located strictly parallel to it.
Now back to the syringe part. The cone-shaped cap is useless, so it must be eliminated. We fasten this needle to the opposite side of the cap with another thread, parallel to the sewing needle. Now you need to slightly bend the tip of the needle so that it touches the sewing needle with its tip. As stated above, than less area contact between games - the better it is for warm-up speed.
Next step
Next, you need to take a high-quality double wire. It must be stripped from both sides and two holes must be made in the cap to bring the wire out. Having done this, you need to connect each wire to the corresponding needle. It is advisable to screw the wires very tightly, since the quality of the current conduction depends on this.
For safety and quality, it is necessary to finally secure the wire (including threads) with electrical tape.
At the end of the work, it is necessary to use an unnecessary button (preferably from an old tape recorder) and a rechargeable battery. The main thing is not to confuse the polarity, otherwise homemade apparatus will not heat up (more precisely, its tip).
All is ready! It remains only to test the device in operation.
Summarizing
It is worth noting that now burning out is not only a form of spending time, but also a way to earn money. Every day the demand for burning portraits and landscapes is increasing. Now this occupation competes with woodcarving. Woodcarving was originally created to diversify the interior of old houses of the nineteenth and twentieth centuries. After all, when the stores were not beautiful furniture, they created it themselves. Recently they began to try to use wood burning on furniture instead of woodcarving. This decision will make the interior not only beautiful, but also unique.
The price depends on the number of necessary strokes and the requirements for the quality of work.
In fact, you can make any wood burners in a short time. A drawn sketch or drawing will greatly simplify the assembly or even the creation of your own model of the device.
It doesn't matter how complicated its model will be, the most important thing in this device is the correctness of the tip. This is what can affect the quality of your future paintings. The burner performs a pattern on wood very accurately, so the image can be of any degree of complexity. By the way, as shown in the previous photos, the shape of the tip for this electrical appliance can be changed depending on the complexity of the work.
So, we figured out how to make an electric wood burner with our own hands.
From the author: hello dear friends! The art of burning came to us from the middle of the twentieth century. Today it is very popular among creative people and lovers of original interior solutions. With the help of several items, you can create paintings, interesting gifts self made, restore old wooden things and even open your own business.
All you need for burning: a piece of wood (plywood, board, frame, etc.), a device for burning, which is called an electric burner, pyrograph or wood soldering iron, and a creative mindset. Despite the fact that the market is filled with pyrographs for every taste and in different price categories, there are craftsmen and enthusiasts who know how to make a wood burner with their own hands and successfully put their knowledge into practice.
Types and features of burners
There are several types of electric burners:
- with a wire pen (nichrome thread);
- with replaceable brass (solid) pen;
- wood laser pyrograph (engraver).
An alternative to factory appliances is a homemade burner. The role of the incandescent element is played by sewing needles, needles from a syringe or nichrome thread. Consider each type of electric burner in more detail.
With wire pen:
- allows you to adjust the heating temperature of the pen;
- the power of the device allows you to work with any type of wood;
- quickly heats up and cools down;
- less time to work, compared with a hard pen;
- allows you to perform small details;
- average cost from 1500.
With interchangeable brass nibs:
- takes a long time to heat up and cool down;
- does not allow fine details to be performed;
- with prolonged use often burns out;
- it is convenient to draw large and medium drawings;
- has a low price;
- The set includes nozzles.
Laser burner:
- can be used on any type of wood, even uncured;
- high performance;
- it is impossible to process chipboard;
- thickness of the processed material - no more than 2 cm;
- there is no way to make shadows on the image;
- can be used on other materials (plastic, leather);
Despite the wide range on the market, it often happens that the master does not have enough of the parameters that factory burners provide, or the price of the desired device may be too high. Homemade burners are cheap devices and are made to the needs of the master. But, as with all devices, in the event of a breakdown, it is difficult to find spare parts for repair.
To choose a high-quality and convenient device, you must understand the principle of operation of the device, design features and its properties. The device works very simply. The needle, when exposed to electric current, heats up, then the master draws with it on the surface of the tree.
All varieties of the apparatus are characterized by the presence of almost identical parts. These are a holder, a body, an electrical wire, a burning needle and a metal screen. The tool works from a network of 220 V. For amateur burning, pyrographs with wire and hard feathers are used. People call them soldering irons.
When choosing a burner, be guided by your preferences. There are several tips on what to look for when buying a device that you will be comfortable using. Therefore, your money and time will not be wasted.
The first thing we pay attention to when choosing is the length of the rod. If it is large, it will be inconvenient to control the pyrograph and it is impossible to work out fine details when burning. To check, take the burner in your hand and try to depict something.
It is better to give preference to more, but with fewer nozzles, since several basic ones are often used in the work. Choose a device with high power.
If you have never used this device, try borrowing from friends or acquaintances and try it in action. You can also search the Internet for master classes in the workshops of your city and visit them. This will be a great start to your new hobby.
Making a burner
If you do not want to buy an electric burner, you can make it yourself. On the Internet you will find many options. According to the manufacturing principle, almost all devices are the same, they differ only in a set of structural elements.
Working at home on the manufacture of the device, it is necessary to study the electrical circuit and determine the sequence of actions, as well as prepare all the items and fixtures that will be needed for work.
Source: derevo-s.ru
To make a portable electric burner on a nichrome thread, you will need:
- charger from the phone is not less than 5V-2A;
- soldering iron;
- flux;
- heat shrink tubing;
- drill with a small drill or screwdriver;
- wooden lath about 10 cm long;
- nichrome thread (plays the role of a needle);
- insulating tape.
First, we prepare all the necessary devices and tools. Nichrome thread and flux can be bought at hardware store, on the radio market, or you can take it from an old soldering iron. In the soldering iron, the thread is located under the metal casing on the “sting” - having disassembled the device, you can easily remove it.
Why a wooden rail? The tree is the most good material to create an electric burner. Carbolite is also on the market, which is a good option, but it conducts heat more, and on powerful devices, the holder will heat up. Plastic - in appearance it can be said that it is a cheap replacement for wood. But heat-resistant varieties are expensive. If you try to save on this material, as a result, the device becomes unusable.
Stages of work.
- Handle for soldering iron. We make from an ordinary rail, we select the length for ourselves. On average, 10 centimeters is enough. We make a gap inside the handle with a drill or screwdriver. The hole should be the width of the wire. The place where the wires will go out needs to be slightly expanded. Nichrome wire is installed here.
- Connect the charger to the handpiece. To do this, you need to divide the two-core wire from the charger into two ends and insert it through the hole in the rail, then bring it out.
- We solder the nichrome tip at the ends to the output wires. Put a heat shrink tube in place of soldering. We attach each part of the tip to a separate end of the wire. Nichrome is difficult to solder, use flux solder for this. The size of the thread is not less than 5–6 centimeters - otherwise, the pyrograph will heat up the tip and will perform its work poorly for its intended purpose.
- Isolate the handle of the burner. We wrap the rail in 4–5 layers with electrical tape and squeeze it tightly in our hands until the winding is completely attached to the tree. Care must be taken not to get tape on the tip.
- We test the device. We plug the charger into the socket, then your homemade device warming up. The color of the tip becomes dark red. We check how the device works on the board by gently applying the burner to it.
The second option has more fillers, but no need to look for a nichrome thread.
For this we need:
- wooden block;
- nails (2 pieces);
- wires with a connector from the power supply;
- wire cutters;
- insulating tape;
- soldering iron and tin (solder);
- connecting terminals for wires;
- syringe needle;
- power unit.
We make marks on a wooden blank with a marker and hammer nails into a bar, remove the heads with wire cutters. Along the base, we cut grooves for the cord and file them for smoothness.
We install the wires with the connector from the power supply into the grooves and fix them with liquid glue. We isolate with electrical tape the base where the cord will be inserted. We attach wires to the nails and solder. We take connecting terminals for wires that are attached to nails. We install the terminals on the nails. Isolate the wires.
Then we take the needle from the syringe, from which the heating element will be made, and slightly undermine its center so that it heats up exactly in the middle. We blunt and bend in the shape of a triangle. The resulting part is installed in the terminals. We connect the power supply and test our device. We are waiting for heating, we try the burner.
How to burn wood
Starting your acquaintance with the art of wood burning, prepare everything necessary tools: burner, tool stand, workpiece and coating agents finished product. For trial work, choose plain plywood. While learning, try different types wood, start with softwoods (birch, maple, linden, pine, juniper). They wood have less resistance in relation to the soldering iron, therefore, they are easier to work with. Also, soft ones have a light surface, due to this, the contrast of the image increases.
Hard varieties of trees (oak, hornbeam, yew) usually with a dark surface. To make the picture lighter, before burning, you can treat the surface with paint. Another option is to choose a leaf of wood with an interesting natural texture and include it in the design of the painting.
Try to choose a working surface without knots. Wood must be sanded before use. To do this, take sandpaper and sand along the grain. The workpiece will turn out smooth and easy to work with. Then wipe the board with a damp cloth and let dry.
As the next step, you need to make a sketch of the future masterpiece. For sketching, you can use stencils and carbon paper. The pattern should be slightly visible.
In the process of work, do not forget about the tool stand. It can be a specially made stand or a clay pot.
When burning wood, do not rush, this process requires concentration and painstaking work. To avoid damage to the workpiece, avoid excessive pressure with the burner pen on the surface of the workpiece. All work must be done with the same effort, this will help to avoid gaps. Draw down, in the direction of the fibers, so the needle will meet less resistance. After applying the pattern with a burner, it is necessary to cover the product with a protective layer: oil varnish, sunflower oil or nitro varnish.
In conclusion, I would like to say that the burning process is an exciting activity, this is a great way to relieve stress and distract from all the problems. When choosing a tool for yourself, do not rush to listen to the advice of others. Remember, wood burning, like any art, is a matter of individual preference. Think about what parameters of the burner you need, and do not forget that you can always make a tool with your own hands.
Good day to all DIYers. As you know, in the distant 90s, our ancestors were engaged in such art as wood burning, it looked beautiful and had its own direction in art. Since burners have not remained since those times or they simply failed, and I want to somehow embellish many wooden things, in this article I will tell you how to make a burner with your own hands.
To assemble our burner we need:
* Oak plank 12 cm long.
*4 medium-sized bolts no longer than 10mm.
*Pair of staples.
*2 diodes twisted from an old diode bridge.
* Nichrome wire.
* Copper wire.
*Two wires, able to withstand a large load.
* Pliers, screwdriver and soldering iron.
The first step is to drill holes in our burner pen, this is done with a drill and small drill, which is selected according to the diameter of the screwed bolts.
We drill them in pairs on two sides.
With the help of a round file, we make a little rounding, as in the photo, our diodes will hold securely there.
Two paper clips need to be bent and made out of them like what is in the photo, this is a ring for twisting onto a diode and a hook at the end.
Since the diode serves as a converter from AC to DC, we need to exclude this property of the diode, so we solder the jumper from copper wire between the ground of the diode and its contact. We do the same with the second one.
Next, we solder two wires to the diodes, choose thicker wires, with a cross section of 2 mm, at least, since when using a burner, the wires will overheat, which is not very good.
Using bolts, we fasten the diode on both sides, thereby clamping it.
We fix the second one identically to the first one, the bolt heads do not allow the diode to rotate freely, which is just the same very important.
Two diodes fixed on a wooden handle look like this, we still do not have enough filament and fasteners for it.
Let's add our paper clip hooks to them, they will be turned inward.
On the side you can see that the hooks for our filament are already ready, so the next step will be clamping them on the hooks.
The filament should contain two spirals on the sides and a small flat area, with the help of which the burning will occur.
We clamp this thread with pliers into hooks, try not to pinch and bite it when squeezing.
Since the thread may burst when pressed hard, try not to apply great effort to the burner.
On this, the burner is ready, but before using it, you need to test it.
The test is to check its wear resistance, as the thread is heated to high temperature capable of melting lead.
The burner is connected to a current source at the output of which will be constant or alternating current, with a voltage of 12 volts and a power of at least 20 watts, for a better glow.
After the burner can safely lie in working order for more than 5 minutes, it can be considered suitable for burning.
To run my burner, I applied my laboratory block nutrition.
