What is in the housing and communal services receipt. What is drainage in utility bills?

A resident of an apartment building or private building who has delegated the payment of utility bills to one of his relatives may fall into a slight stupor when looking at the receipt for the first time. There are many lines in this document, and each of them contains a service, the meaning of which cannot be quickly understood. Even a child knows that you need to pay for electricity, gas and heating. But what is drainage in utility bills? What kind of service is this? Why does it need to be paid and at what rate is it calculated?

Water supply

What is drainage in utility bills? There is no short answer to this question. First of all, it is worth understanding that drainage and water supply are different concepts. The latter refers to the preparation of water for use, as well as its consumption. This process is quite lengthy. The cold water used by residents is pre-disinfected. Hot - heated. Heating apparently requires a lot of money. And therefore the tariffs for hot water more impressive than when cold.

Paying for water supply is not difficult to figure out. You can calculate the cost of consumed water by multiplying the number of cubic meters of water used by the number indicated in the “tariff” column. Often the result is quite impressive. But there is hardly any point in arguing about the need to pay for this service. A person pays for the purified water he uses. He cannot pay more than he spent thanks to installed meters. But what is drainage on the receipt?

Everything related to water supply is in this document in the columns “DHW” and “CW”. Why do you need to pay for another, additional service?

What is drainage in utility bills?

The spent water goes down the drain and then undergoes a complex recycling process. To implement it, a special technology is used, which is associated with considerable financial costs.

What is drainage in utility bills? This is a service that every person is obliged to pay, regardless of where he lives - privately or apartment building. Because water itself cannot be recycled. Liquid waste, as well as garbage that residents put into special containers every day, must be subjected to difficult process destruction. But what is this process? What stages does it consist of?

Liquid waste recycling technology

What is wastewater disposal (WDU) in utility bills? We have answered this question. However, to say that this is just recycling would be a mistake. In order to understand what drainage is in utility bills and why it needs to be paid, it is worthwhile to imagine the process that liquid waste is also subjected to. And it includes drainage, transportation, cleaning, and, finally, disposal.

In legislation

What wastewater disposal (WDU) is is stated in regulations. The law regulates both the supply of water and its purification, which must be carried out in a timely manner. The amounts charged for the use of a service such as sewerage are by no means a whim management company. You can verify this by reading the Federal Law that came into force in 2011.

Previously, the utility services sector was largely regulated by separate regulations. But in 2011, a law was passed according to which all organizations that supply and dispose of water are responsible for the quality of services provided and the production process. Residents, in turn, are obliged to make payments on time, that is, before the tenth day.

Tariffs for sewerage

All calculations are already presented in the receipt. What is drainage? This is a utility service, the payment for which can be calculated independently. Just like water supply and electricity. There are no uniform tariffs in Russia. They depend on the management company, the region, and other factors. Tariffs are set in compliance with certain criteria: category liquid waste And Wastewater, water quality and so on. You don’t need to go into these complex calculations. But it is advisable to control it.

How to calculate the cost of a service?

How many cubic meters of water a tenant uses in a month is how much he must pay. If ten cubic meters were used cold water, then the indicator that is in the “Tariff” column must be multiplied by 10. The same with hot water. But how is the calculation for sewerage done?

Both cold and hot water are recycled. When calculating, you should multiply the tariff (sewage) by the total number of cubic meters consumed. That is, if eight cubic meters of cold water and four hot ones are used in a month, you should find the derivative from the numbers 12 and x. X is a tariff, which, as already mentioned, can be different. But in most cases it ranges from 20 to 25 rubles.

Payment for sewerage is divided by the number of residents if a common building meter is installed. Installing an individual one can significantly reduce the total amount on the receipt.

Every month we pay for the use of utilities by receiving receipts from the management company. Every consumer has the right to know what exactly is being paid for and what is being provided in return.

When interested in the question of what is drainage in utility bills, it should be noted first of all the fact that this service in Russian legislation is on an equal footing with the supply of hot water, cold water, electricity, gas supply, heating and other items of housing and communal services. Accordingly, all owners and tenants without exception are required to pay for this service.

It is also important to understand that water supply and sanitation are not the same thing. Water supply is the preparation of water (heating to the required temperature, disinfection) and its delivery to consumers. Water disposal is the treatment of water already used by consumers, recycling the resource through the sewerage system. Essentially, the sewerage service affects daily life of the population every day, this is the use of sanitary facilities, laundry, washing dishes and cooking, etc.

According to the law, wastewater disposal does not have the right to be turned off for non-payment, but this is integrally included in payment receipts and the tariff for this item is developed separately.

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What exactly is included in the payment?

It is a mistake to assume that water disposal in a housing and communal services receipt is only a drainage of used resources. Of course, this is also what this service consists of, but in reality its definition is quite broad. It integrally includes:

In accordance with the law regarding water supply and sanitation, adopted on December 7, 2011, the legal relationship determines and regulates the operation of systems using central water supply, the procedure for supplying hot and cold water, including quality control. In addition, regulatory legal acts are taken into account, such as government regulations, regional acts, and territorial regulations of water utilities.

Each service that is provided to consumers for a fee must meet certain requirements. In case of non-compliance, citizens have the right to file complaints, initiate quality checks and demand that suppliers properly fulfill their obligations. If necessary, you can involve not only the housing inspection, but also the prosecutor's office or judicial authorities.

How is the amount calculated?

Having an idea of ​​what the sewerage service is in the receipt and what it is in general, it is necessary to pay attention to what tariff is used in the calculations and what affects them.

The fee for the service, regardless of its use, is determined using a formula in which the tariff is multiplied by the volume of resource consumed, in accordance with Government Decree No. 392 of July 30, 2004, paragraph thirteen. If there are no metering devices, the volumes are determined by the average consumption standards set by the administration.

To calculate water disposal, the amount of cold water consumed is multiplied in accordance with the meter readings by the tariff in force in the locality. The same actions are carried out with hot water, after which the result obtained is added to the result of calculations from cold water. In the absence of metering devices, payment is assigned depending on regional standards, which are reviewed and approved every year with publication in the media, as well as on the official website of the territorial administration.

Each region has its own regulations, and accordingly, the tariff is not the same.

About tariffs and meters

In practice, one can notice that tariffs for wastewater disposal by region can differ quite significantly, which is determined not only by the level of supply, but also by deterioration sewer system, the relevance of equipment for cleaning and recycling the resource. In 2017, as before and as will be the case for many years to come, prices for the services provided were increased as planned. For this reason, it makes sense to apply for possible benefits and subsidies.

On average, after the increase in prices, tariffs for sewerage increased by five to ten percent. So, for example, in Moscow it is 21.90 Russian rubles per cubic meter, in the Murmansk region 27.44, and in the Yaroslavl region – 18.46. Thus, you can see that in reality we pay a lot, especially considering other payments for the apartment.

In practice, household metering devices (DMU) and collective metering devices (KMU), which are recorded in receipts, are not available in houses; this is not yet so relevant. Therefore, either indications apply individual meters, DPU for cold and hot water, or regional standards.

Since a fairly simple formula is used for calculations, a special calculator is not needed. In fact, the rules are not too different from calculations for the maintenance of common property (COI), and there are rarely any difficulties when paying for these services. What this or that individual mark on the receipt means for sewerage should be clarified with your management company.

Registration of a subsidy

Having determined what sewerage is in the receipt, what is included in the SOI, what are the calculations with or without DPU, having calculated the tariffs for cold water and hot water and other items in the receipt, comparing them with the amount of resource consumption, sometimes it will not be superfluous to spend time on registration subsidies.

Such government assistance is aimed specifically at supporting the poor and least protected segments of the population.

The reasons why the applicant needs a subsidy are considered very carefully, since we are talking about budget funds.

The information in this article is provided for informational purposes only.
We recommend that you contact our lawyer.

Back in school, you solved a problem about pipes through which water flows into and out of a swimming pool. Having become homeowners, you are faced with a similar situation when you have to carry out drainage calculation into the sewer or drainage system.

1 Calculation of drainage into domestic sewerage

If there is running water in the house, not a single day goes by without cold, hot or cold water flowing from the faucet in the bathroom or kitchen. warm water. And if the amenities are not in the yard, then the toilet is a worthy replacement cesspool, must be connected to both water supplies and sewerage. And this is where the well-known phrase “So much water has flown under the bridge” comes to mind, uttered when meeting those who have not seen each other for a long time. But really, what is the volume of drainage per day? And in a month? In the apartment everything is calculated and organized in advance, but in country house, where there is often no connection to the city sewer, you need to know exactly the load on the drainage system, which is connected to the septic tank.

Drainage calculator

Typically, designers are involved in calculating the volume of wastewater, since it is strictly individual for each country house. A typical option - a faucet in the kitchen, a mixer with a shower in the bathroom and a toilet, is no different from a standard apartment one. But what if there are two bathrooms and three restrooms? And also a separate room for laundry? And water flows everywhere at the same time? Under such conditions, the drain pipe may simply not be able to cope with the load. The result is an overflowing drain, and everything that should have gone into the septic tank begins to fill the sinks, bathtub, and toilet.

To prevent this from happening, an accurate calculation of drainage for all domestic wastewater is necessary. It is carried out according to the formula U√(H/ d)≥ K, Where U– drainage speed (not less than 0.7 m/s), N/d– pipe filling ( H– pressure, d– diameter), and K– coefficient equal to 0.5 for plastic and 0.6 for metal pipes. In this case, the filling should not be lower than 0.3. If the above formula cannot be applied, we simply make a slope of 0.03 meters for pipes with a diameter of 40 to 50 millimeters, and 0.02 meters for diameters of 85 and 100. This means that for every linear meter pipes, the difference in height between the beginning and end of the segment will be 3 or 2 centimeters.

In any case, you need to calculate the total number of water supply points and the hourly or average daily flow rate for each of them, as well as the total. Since the sewerage system is only a project, it will not be possible to complete this task with practical measurements, just as there is no hope for meters. Therefore, to obtain the necessary data, it is best to turn to SNiP 2.04.01-85, which contains all the necessary calculations, both with regard to water supply and with regard to its drainage. Including, and importantly, you can immediately find out what diameter of pipes is required for drainage in a particular plumbing fixture.

2 How to calculate drainage by the number of residents

It is logical that SNiP should consider only internal domestic sewerage; industrial sewerage does not concern us in any way. Having added up all the liters of water entering the house (on average), and having found out how much of it should flow into the sewer, we remember that this value is “per hour”, provided that the tap is open, the shower is on and the toilet is being used. Now it’s worth remembering the number of residents. Each person is able to spend a strictly limited amount of water over a certain period of time, based on the pressure in the pipes. detailed information consumption per resident is shown in the following table:

If we look at water consumption standards, then on average one person consumes about 200 liters per day. This includes cooking and personal hygiene, drinking several liters a day. For the most part, all the life-giving moisture poured out of the tap necessarily goes into the water, including with human waste products. You can ignore irreversible losses in the form of washing floors, saturating the body with moisture, watering flowers, watering pets, they are quite insignificant. For approximate calculations of family expenses, you can use the following table:

3 Calculate the power of rainwater drainage

System storm sewer does not connect to household, rainwater sent to a special one. Rainfall calculations must be approached extremely thoroughly so that the house does not “float.” Before calculating drainage, you should measure the roof area, and also find out the average annual precipitation, including melt water. We will need all this in order to have the necessary values ​​​​substituted into the formula V= q 20 x S x D, wherein q 20 – volume of precipitation per 1 hectare lasting 20 minutes (l/s), S– drainage area (ha), and D– moisture absorption coefficient roofing material. This coefficient can be taken from the following table:

When the flow rate of rainwater V to the drain riser is within 10 l/s, it is recommended to install a pipe with a diameter of 85 millimeters. With a drain volume of up to 20 l/s, the riser must have a diameter of at least 100 millimeters, and with a flow rate of up to 50 l/s - within 15 centimeters. If the rain flow on the roof gives a volume of 80 l/s, the receiving pipe is installed with a diameter of at least 20 centimeters. If there are suspended branches, their slope should not be less than 0.005 meters. As for the maximum slope, it should be more than 0.15 meters.

Drainage on the site and storm watersheds should be separate systems, since combining them can lead to sewer overflow and, as a result, flooding of the foundation.