Molodil is a herbaceous evergreen perennial belonging to the Crassulaceae family. The Latin name of the plant is Sempervivum (translated as "semper" - always, and "vivus" - live), and among the people it is called a stone rose or hare cabbage. Such names are given to the flower for the peculiarity of its rosettes to survive in harsh conditions.
For the fact that during flowering the plant looks like a hen with chickens, in English language there was another name for the flower "Hens and Chickens", which literally translates as "hen and chickens".
Its root system is superficial, very weak and does not penetrate deep into the soil. This feature is used when planting a plant on roofs, which gives the plant another name - young roofing.
The plant has an upright flower-bearing stem, and can reach a height of up to 20-30 centimeters, gradually becoming covered with white hairs, which are glands.
Its leaves are fleshy, pubescent with hairs, sharpened to the top and form spherical rosettes that look like cabbage, ranging in size from 1 to 15 centimeters in diameter.
The sheets are covered with a dense skin, which slows down the removal of moisture from the sheets. They grow in a spiral fashion, and have tufts of hairs at the tips that envelop the rosette like a cocoon. 
The flowering stem produces color once and then dies off. It blooms young with small flowers, light yellow color, or yellow with a greenish tint.
Sometimes there is red, pink and purple coloring. Flowers are bisexual, collected in corymbose-paniculate inflorescences with individual monochasia. The young fruit is in the form of a complex leaflet, pubescent with hairs, with small seeds.
Beliefs about youth
With this unusual plants associated with some beliefs. So, for example, it was believed that if you take it inside with wine, then it will serve as an excellent antidote.
If you prepare the infusion in a special way, then the sight and hearing of a person becomes sharper. IN ancient Rus' young girls rubbed crushed leaves on their cheeks to make their blush bright.
The French believed that by carrying one rosette with you, you could avoid scorpion stings. This is even described in the poem Oda from Mena “On the Property of Herbs”, and in it the poet dedicated as many as 36 lines to the stone rose, which is longer than the entry about an ordinary rose.
In the Middle Ages in Europe, all roofs were planted with rejuvenation, and it was believed that in this way lightning strikes were diverted from dwellings during thunderstorms. 
It was believed that the youth was dedicated to the god of thunder and lightning in Scandinavia. In the same place, in the Middle Ages, youth began to be used in landscape design.
Types of young
The genus of this plant has more than 30 species. It grows mainly in Europe, in the mountains of the Caucasus, as well as in the countries of Asia Minor and Southwest Asia.
In Russia, it is found throughout the territory, except for the Far North. You can see it in the mountains or near the mountains, on a rocky and gravelly place, near pine trees and in the sand. Young easily hybridizes and therefore there are a lot of plant varieties.
This is a large representative of stone roses, its sockets are spherical or flattened, reach a diameter of 20 centimeters, and up to 8 centimeters in height.
The inflorescences are loose and fluffy, up to 10 centimeters, and the flowers are yellow in color, like the stamens. Flowering time is July-August.
- cobwebbed
It grows mainly in the mountains in Western Europe and is the most eye-catching juvenile species for landscape design.
Rosettes reach about 4 centimeters in diameter, and the leaves are oblong, bent at the ends, rich green with a reddish tint, which intensifies with the onset of autumn. Peduncles reach 30 centimeters in height, covered with pointed leaves. 
Red flowers, collected in corymbose inflorescences. Blooms from mid-July to autumn. The young got its name for the white hairs that completely cover the leaves, as if with a cobweb. It has a large number of subspecies, with different sizes of rosettes and different leaf colors.
- marble
It differs from other species in the color of the leaves, which have a reddish color with green edges and top, while the pubescence of the leaves is not large.
Rosettes grow up to 10 centimeters in diameter, and stretch flower stalks up to 20 centimeters in height. There are a lot of flowers on the peduncle, they are red in color with whole edges. 
This species is not found in nature, it can only be grown from seeds or bought in pots. mature plant. As well as cobweb juveniles, it has many subspecies.
- spherical
The leaves are green in color with a slight point at the edges, which looks like eyelashes. The peduncles are completely covered with leaves and flowers, and the flowers are a delicate lilac-purple color, with a dark stripe on each petal. Flowering begins at the end of June, and by mid-August, seeds can be collected.
- Wulfen
This species enjoys a special location among summer residents. It differs from the stone rose in a more saturated color of greenery and cilia along the edge of the leaf, as well as in a reddish tint of the base. In nature, it is found only in the Alps above 1700 meters. 
It is sensitive to soil acidity and for its proper cultivation limestone is recommended. Its sockets are very small, up to 4-5 centimeters in diameter, and flower stalks can grow up to 25 centimeters. The flowers are lemon yellow with a bright purple spot at the base.
- Gamma
Inflorescences consist of many flowers and can be up to 7 centimeters wide. Flowering occurs from July to August, and the flowers can be lilac-purple and deep purple. The fruits of the plant are rarely formed, and it is propagated by the vegetative method.
- offspring
The rosettes of this plant reach 5 centimeters in diameter. The leaves are light green in color with slightly reddish tips. It also blooms in July-August, with flowers of light yellow color and with a greenish tinge.
decorative properties
young as decorative flower, became interesting in the 18th century. At the same time, possibilities for using the plant were invented. In French gardens, borders and entire carpets of juveniles began to appear.
It was also used to decorate ornaments, lines and figures. In the form of free seating, it began to be used only in the 19th century. And then the stone rose began to be used for the first rock gardens in Europe.
In the 20th century, the stone rose began to be actively used and selected. In the wake of a fashionable passion for color, varieties began to appear young with carmine-colored inflorescences and deep purple, almost black. 
So far, such varieties are rare in Russia. A variety of colors of rosettes also appeared. There are already sockets in green, silver, yellowish, pink, burgundy. There are also types of leaves that can change color depending on the season.
All this led to the fact that there were already more than four thousand registered varieties of young. And we can confidently say that in the case of him, man managed to correct nature.
Such a variety of colors and types allows the use of flowers to create colored "carpets". At the same time, if you plant different types of stone roses next to each other, they will pollinate with each other, and new hybrids will grow, pleasing with their unusual beauty.
Growing young and its medicinal properties
Growing features
Reproduction young
Growing a plant from seeds is not advisable, because most species form many daughter rosettes, and therefore it reproduces most often vegetatively.
Reproduction in this way is done in the spring, the sockets are separated and planted in the ground. The smallest rosettes are first grown in the beds and only then transferred to permanent place, while large ones are planted immediately in the place where they will grow after 10 centimeters. 
When propagated by seeds, they are sown in February, in containers to a depth of about 1 millimeter. Containers with seedlings are stored in a warm room in the light, protecting from the bright sun. Landing in the ground is carried out in late June - early July.
Use in the garden
The most effective use of young will be their location in groups, on the sunny side of the bushes, in "carpets", on a rocky area or slope. But it must be remembered that it does not get along very well with those plants that have violent growth. Next to them, the young may die.
Diseases and pests
medicinal forms. The raw material for medicine from the young is its leaves, collected during the flowering of the plant. Their chemical composition has not yet been fully studied, but the presence of malic and lactic acids, tannins and various trace elements in the leaves has been confirmed.
Contraindications. When using young for treatment, no contraindications were identified.
The young flower is an evergreen perennial plant that can be planted both in open ground and grown at home. This is an ornamental plant that adorns the "alpine" slides with its appearance and creates incredible compositions. The young got the name "stone rose" because of the dense leaves that form a round bud, similar to a rose.
young in the photo Young: planting and care in the open field
Planting a plant in open ground is very simple. It is necessary to choose an open sunny place and soil that passes moisture (for example, sandy). You can plant a plant in open ground as early as the end of February. The distance between plants should be at least 15 cm.
According to its habits, the plant is similar to cacti. If planted in clay soil, it will not grow well, as stagnant water is its first enemy. In this case, the soil can be diluted with sand and loosened.
Stone rose blooms for a long time (almost all summer). Usually "adult" individuals of the plant bloom. Flowers have different colors and shapes.
Rejuvenated, photo of flowers:
Planting and caring for a flower young
- The plant loves well-lit places. With a lack of light, it loses its appearance, and the leaves become faded.
- The flower can occasionally be sprayed in the morning or evening, when Sun rays do not harm the leaves and do not leave burns.
- Summer in open field the plant is doing great. In winter, sheltering flowers is not necessary, since the flower is very frost-resistant. If desired, it can be covered with spruce branches.
- The plant does not like stagnant water, so the soil needs to be watered occasionally. Dryness and heat are not as terrible for him as moist soil in which the roots begin to rot.
- Young does not like frequent top dressing in open ground. The plant develops quite well under normal conditions. Occasionally, you can apply fertilizer for cacti and succulents.
- The plant needs to be cleared of weeds.
Find for landscape design
Due to the fact that this plant has a lot of species, and is also very unpretentious in care, it is very often used to form rockeries (small rocky gardens). Moreover, it gets along well with others. ground cover plants(saxifrage, stonecrop, etc.).
Stone rose can be seen quite often:
- in rock gardens
- along the tracks
- as an addition to ornamental shrubs
- in flowerpots
Thanks to the miniature root system, the plant can be planted in many places, including on the roofs of arbors, which creates a sophisticated and cozy look in your garden.
Rejuvenated in landscape design, photo
Planting and caring for a plant at home
Care conditions:
- The plant loves well-lit places. In bright sun, it begins to turn red, and in partial shade, the leaves lose their brightness and become pale.
- A comfortable temperature for a flower is a temperature of 0 ° C and above.
- Stone rose does not like stagnant water, so in summer watering is carried out once a week. In winter, you can water it 1-2 times a month.
- The plant does not like frequent fertilizing. Occasionally in the spring, you can fertilize it with humus.
- Favorable poor soil, consisting mainly of sand. You can add coal to the sand. The fatter the earth, the larger the rosette of the plant, but flowering under such conditions cannot be achieved.
- It is necessary to plant a flower in a pot for 1/3 consisting of drainage.
In open ground, the plant is usually planted in decorative purposes in the form of "alpine" slides, and compositions are created at home.
Video: Stone rose in your garden
Sin .: tenacious, homemade onion, always alive, jumps, wild garlic, steppe turnip, wild artichoke, roofer, thunder grass, roofing tenacious, etc.
perennial herbaceous plant, with thick juicy leaves. Shows valuable medicinal properties, in particular, anti-inflammatory, analgesic, disinfectant, antiscorbutic, wound healing, soothing, etc. Bred as an ornamental plant.
Ask the experts
In medicine
Young Russian - non-pharmacopoeial plant, in official medicine does not apply, but is popular with traditional healers different countries, who use it for fever, stomach ulcers, diarrhea, cardiovascular diseases, diseases of the respiratory tract and oral cavity.
It is also known that young Russian is used in homeopathy as a remedy for menstrual irregularities.
Contraindications and side effects
The use of the plant during pregnancy, lactation and in childhood highly undesirable. Also, experts do not recommend using the plant for individual intolerance and a tendency to allergic reactions.
In cosmetology
In cosmetology, young Russian has been used for a long time: even the beauties of ancient Kyiv used the plant for a natural blush on their cheeks. The whitening effect of the plant's fresh herb is currently being used in spas for various beauty treatments, especially freckles and age spots.
In other areas
Young Russian has a decorative meaning. Even in the Middle Ages, the population of Europe planted a plant on the roofs of houses over the entire surface. At present, other species are bred for decorative purposes (rejuvenated roofing, Caucasian, mountain, hybrid, dwarf, cobweb, etc.).
Classification
Young Russian (lat. Sempervivum ruthenicum) - belongs to the genus Young, or tenacious (lat. Sempervivum), of the Tolstyankov family (lat. Crassulaceae). The genus Molodilo unites about 30 species of perennial herbaceous plants, distributed mainly in countries with a warm dry climate: in the south of Europe, Western Asia, North Africa (1 species). In the former USSR - 15 species, in the European part and in the Caucasus (young Caucasian - Sempervivum caucasicum). In European Russia, there are 2 species, including the Russian juvenile (lat. Sempervivum ruthenicum).
Botanical description
Rejuvenated Russian - a perennial herbaceous plant. Non-flowering shoots in the form of spherical rosettes. Leaves are simple, juicy without stipules, alternate, glabrous, oblong-lanceolate; the lower ones are in a dense basal rosette, often spherical and resembling dense cabbage heads. Numerous rounded daughter rosettes are formed in the axils of the leaves, which settle next to the mother rosettes and together with them often form continuous thickets on the soil surface. Flowering shoots up to 40 cm high, also with alternate leaf arrangement. The flowers are actinomorphic, cyclic, bisexual, 6-16-membered, yellowish, pink, or purple, collected in corymbose-paniculate inflorescences. Androecium 2-circular, twice as many stamens as petals. Gynoecium is apocarpous. Seeds are numerous. At the base of the carpel there is a nectar scale. The fruit is a multileaf, pubescent with glandular hairs. Before the flowers bloom, the branches of the inflorescence are folded in curls. It blooms once in a lifetime (in July-August), after fruiting the plant dies off. Reproduces with the help of stolons. It hybridizes very easily both in nature and in culture. Currently, there are many varieties.
Spreading
Found in the European part of Russia. growing for the most part in mountains, pine forests, on dry sandy forest clearings and forest edges, rocky places, sometimes in rare pine forests, often found on limestone outcrops along steep river banks. In our country, it is included in many regional Red Books (Belgorod, Bryansk, Volgograd, Kaluga, Kursk, Lipetsk, Penza, Rostov and Saratov regions). It also grows on the territory of several specially protected natural areas in Russia.
Distribution regions on the map of Russia.
Procurement of raw materials
Medicinal raw materials are fresh young leaves collected during the flowering of the plant (in July-August). For the future, the leaves of the young Russian are not harvested.
Chemical composition
Chemical composition plants were studied in some detail by L.A. Gumenyuk and his group (1970, 1971, 1972), as well as Gnedkov, Schroeter (1977).
The aerial part contains: phenolcarboxylic acids (caffeic, 1,4-dicofeoylquinic), coumarins, flavonoids (kaempferol, quercetin, quercetin 3-galactoside, rutin, astragalin, isorhamnetin 3-glucoside, 7-glucuronide and 7-rutinoside scutellarein), organic acids (citric, malic, oxalic).
Pharmacological properties
The young Russian shows pronounced therapeutic actions, in particular, analgesic, disinfectant, wound healing, soothing, anti-inflammatory, antiscorbutic, etc. In addition, the plant has a detoxifying effect.
Application in traditional medicine
IN folk medicine young Russian is used quite widely. For example, traditional healers recommend taking crushed young leaves with granulated sugar or honey for heart failure. In addition, preparations based on young people in folk medicine are used for fever, stomach ulcers, diarrhea, cardiovascular diseases, as well as respiratory diseases, ulcerative stomatitis, painful menstruation, epilepsy and worms. A tincture of the leaves of the plant is used to treat diseases of the eyes and ears. A decoction of the plant rinses the mouth with thrush. Also, the crushed leaves of the plant are used for hemorrhoidal bumps, calluses on the legs and for warts. This remedy also helps with insect bites. A mixture of crushed leaves, honey and butter is used externally to treat cracked breasts in breastfeeding women. An ointment of finely crushed young leaves with lard is applied to wounds that do not heal for a long time. Fresh leaf juice with honey or oil is also used as an analgesic, anti-inflammatory and detoxifier for bee and snake stings.
Young Russian is widely used in home cosmetology. For example, crushed leaves or juice mixed with vegetable oil or lard, used to remove warts, freckles, as well as bruises, swelling and various skin inflammations. To remove warts, freshly squeezed juice from the leaves of the plant is also used. A decoction of young leaves wipe the skin after prolonged exposure to the sun. And the juice of the leaves of the plant is smeared on the face in the morning and evening to give freshness and blush.
Historical reference
Young Russian has been used for medicinal purposes since ancient times. The antidote properties of young people were described back in the Middle Ages by the French pharmacist Odo in his poem “On the Properties of Herbs”. The ancient Greeks, along with wine, used young in case of poisoning with strong poisons. In the Middle Ages, it was believed that young people could scare away evil spirit, protect from witchcraft and even protect the house from lightning, for this the plant was planted on the roofs.
The genus name Sempervivum comes from the Latin. “semper” - “always”, “vivum” - “alive” for the ability of leaf rosettes to maintain viability in difficult conditions of existence. Popular English title young "Hens and Chickens" - "hen and chickens." This is due to the fact that at the time of flowering, the plant really resembles a mother hen, surrounded by numerous chickens.
Literature
1. Biological encyclopedic dictionary / Ch. ed. M. S. Gilyarov) 2nd ed., corrected. M.: Sov. Encyclopedia. 1989.
2. Byalt V. V., Gapon V. N., Vasilyeva I. M. Borodnik // Stonecrop, young and other Crassulaceae. M. 2004. 270 p.
3. Gubanov, I. A. et al. 712. Sempervivum ruthenicum (Koch) Schnittsp. et Lehm. - Young Russian, or Russian Sempervivum // Illustrated guide to plants Central Russia. In 3 t. M .: T-in scientific. ed. KMK, In-t technologist. issl., 2003. V. 2. Angiosperms (dicotyledonous: dicotyledonous). S. 348.
4. Elenevsky A.G., M.P. Solovyova, V.N. Tikhomirov // Botany. Systematics of higher or land plants. M. 2004. 420 p.
5. Gnedkov P.A., Shreter A.I. Comparative chemical study of some species of this family. Tolstyankov // Raises. resources. 1977. T. 13. Issue. 3. S. 554-559.
6. Gumenyuk L.A. Phenolcarboxylic acids from Sempervivum ruthenicum // Chemistry of nature. conn. 1971. No. 4. S. 679-685.
7. Gumenyuk L.A. Scutellarein 7-rutinoside from Sempervivum ruthenicum // Chem. conn. 1975. No. 3. S. 428-429.
8. Gumenyuk L.A. et al., Coumarins of some species of the genus Sempervivum and Sedum, Chem. conn. 1971. No. 3. S. 369.
9. Gumenyuk L.A., Batyuk V.S. Phenolic compounds of Sempervivum ruthenicum // Chemistry of nature. conn. 1972. No. 2. S. 244.
10. Gumenyuk L.A., Gnedkov P.A., Batyuk V.S. Kaempferol, quercetin from Sempervivum ruthenicum // Chemistry of Nature. conn. 1970. No. 5. S. 630.
11. Gumenyuk L.A., Gnedkov P.A., Batyuk V.S. Astragalin from Sempervivum ruthenicum // Chemistry of Nature. conn. 1971. No. 2. S. 202.
12. Gumenyuk L.A., Dykhanov N.N., Batyuk V.S. Flavonoid compounds from the flowers of Sempervivum ruthenicum // Chemistry of Nature. conn. 1972. No. 3. S. 391-392.
13. Peshkova G.I., Shreter A.I. Plants in home cosmetics and dermatology. M. 2001. 684 p.
14. Plant resources of Russia / Wild flowering plants their them component composition and biological activity / Ed. editor A.L. Budantsev. T.2. St. Petersburg; M.: Association of scientific publications KMK, 2009. 513 p.
The flower was young - an ideal plant for the lower tier alpine slides or rockeries. Its thick, fleshy leaves are already decorative in themselves, and during the flowering period the plant was younger and completely resembles an exotic non-thorny cactus, which by chance fell into the company of the flowers of the middle lane. It is very easy to propagate young, it takes root well even in the absence of roots.
Description of the plant young
This perennials fat family. The description of the young is fully consistent with the name of the family: this flower has thickened, succulent shoots and leaves that distinguish them from many other species. It is this quality that gives the youth a pretty appearance, makes him desirable. ornamental plant. By the way, in this capacity, young people are often referred to as “stone roses”.
Indeed, in the form of a plant there is something in common with a terry budgrowing directly from the ground. The difference is that the "rose" petals are green and extraordinarily fleshy.
As you can see in the photo, the flowers were young, leaning on each other, forming dense communities of tens and hundreds of nearby growing plants:
The leaves forming a rosette are juicy, elongated, with a sharp end, sometimes ciliated along the edge. The color and shape of the leaves is the only thing that distinguishes plants different types and varieties. The young flowers are pink, white, yellowish, star-shaped, collected in corymbose inflorescences on single shoots 15-20 cm high.
Juveniles are propagated exclusively by daughter rosettes emerging from the leaf axils and ground stolons.
In culture, juveniles are extremely unpretentious, grow well even on dry, sandy substrates, but reach the best development on humus light loams, do not tolerate wet soils. Sun-loving, drought-resistant. They don't need watering at all.
IN middle lane most of the species and varieties of juveniles are quite winter-hardy. Only in extreme, snowless winters is it recommended to cover the plants with spruce branches or leaves that have fallen from trees.
The root system is superficial, poorly developed. The plant carries out its stability due to the leaves that accumulate water and starch, and not the roots. The seeds are very small.
Species, varieties and hybrid young
Quite numerous species of this plant are known:
Rejuvenated roofing - rosettes of leaves are flat, low - up to 5-7 cm in diameter. They are bright green, with cilia along the edge, oblong, obovate and pointed at the top. The leaves may turn red when changing the light regime, but the base always remains whitish. The flowers are dark or light purple, greenish along the veins, star-open. Inflorescences many-flowered, wide, corymbose. Flowering shoots up to 40-60 cm in height. They bear sharp lanceolate leaves. Flowering from July to September.
young caucasian - rosette leaves are sharp, oblong. Their socket is small, only 3-5 cm in diameter. Flowering shoots up to 20 cm in height. The flowers are purple, sometimes lilac-purple. In this species, young inflorescences are many-flowered, wide, corymbose. Flowering - in July-August.
young undersized - rosettes of leaves are even smaller than those of previous species - only 1.5-2 cm in diameter. The leaves are short-pointed, bright green, ciliated. The flowers are chalky-purple with a dark stripe in the middle of the petals. Inflorescences consist of 2-8 flowers. Flowering shoots up to 25 cm in height, they suddenly rise above the small balls of rosettes. Blooms in July-August.
Look at the photo of young species of spherical, Russian, offspring, cobweb-shaped, they all differ in the size of the rosettes and the shape of the leaves, the color of the inflorescences and height:
This culture has many varieties and hybrids:
"Pharaoh"- plant height 0.1 m, dark purple leaves with a green bloom.
"Princess"- very dense small bright green balls with a chocolate coating.
"Montana"- large dark green rosettes with a purple coating.
"Green King"- the shape is like that of the "Pharaoh" variety, but the color is bright green.
"Julia"- large marsh-green rosettes, by autumn the edges of the leaves turn red.
"Red"- the variety has small dense rosettes almost completely red.
Pay attention to the photo - all varieties of juveniles are used for planting in small groups on the south side of evergreens, but, for example, magonia:
In early spring, such a group is a bright green spot among the gray leafless. Spectacular plants along the edges of the tracks as a border.
Rejuvenated - an indispensable component when creating groups of flowers, especially evergreens - spergula, saxifrage, sedum.
In carpet beds, this plant is also indispensable, as well as in or on rocky areas.
Planting, care and reproduction young
All types of this plant are widely used in, as they are original and unpretentious.
When caring for juveniles, open sunny places are chosen for the plant. They withstand light partial shade, but at the same time lose the brightness of leaves and flowers.
Soils - any, but, of course, cultivated, meaning their digging, cutting, loosening. Marshy, low-lying, flooded with water are not suitable, because the root system of plants is superficial and weak. In the lowlands, young people easily rot during the winter.
As a rule, plants do not need preplant fertilizer.
It is not for nothing that the young people are called tenacious by the people. Transplanted at any time during the growing season, they take root with surprising ease. Of course, there are limits - this is no further than mid-September and in the spring - only from mid-April.
When breeding, young rosettes with roots and without roots are planted without a doubt. Roots form very quickly. The distance between plants is 10 cm. And by the next season, a whole colony of new ones, different in size, is formed around the planted rosette.
The soil must be moist for at least a week after planting to form roots, so moderate watering during this period is essential.
Caring for a young flower consists in the timely removal of weeds; no top dressing, no loosening is needed, for that they are tenacious.
An old outlet can become a source of rotting of healthy leaves of a daughter outlet next year.
