What are non-woven materials. Covering nonwoven materials: types and selection criteria. Composition of nonwovens

NON-WOVEN MATERIALS, fabrics and products made from fibers, threads and (or) other types of materials (textile and their combinations with non-textile, for example films) without the use of spinning and weaving. Compared to traditional production methods in the textile industry - weaving and spinning - the production of non-woven materials is characterized by simplicity of technology (including a reduction in the number of technological stages), an increase in equipment productivity and, consequently, lower capital and labor costs, a variety of assortment linens, the possibilities of the diet. use diff. raw materials, lower production cost, possibility of max. automation of production, i.e. creation of production lines and automatic factories, and the nonwoven materials themselves have good exploitation. sv. Therefore, non-woven materials have become one of the main types of modern textile products, although a large prom. production of them appeared only in the 40s. 20th century World production of nonwovens approx. 16 billion m 2 (1985), and the US accounts for 59% of all produced in the capitalist. countries of nonwoven materials, the share of countries Zap. Europe-32%, Japan-9%.

There are non-woven materials such as fabrics (canvas-stitched, thread-stitched, fabric-stitched, needle-punched, glued, combined) and batting (canvas-stitched, needle-punched, glued), as well as household and technical. destination.

The properties of nonwoven materials depend on their structure and method of production, the nature of the raw material. Non-woven materials are made from nature. (cotton, linen, wool) and chemical. (e.g. viscose, polyester, polyamide, polyacrylonitrile, polypropylene) fibers, as well as recycled fibrous raw materials (fibers regenerated from rags and rags) and short-fiber chemical waste. and other branches of industry.

Main technol. operations for obtaining nonwoven materials: 1) preparation of raw materials (loosening, cleaning from impurities and mixing fibers, rewinding yarn and threads, preparing binders, solutions of chemicals, for example hardeners, fiber swelling agents, surfactants, etc.); 2) the formation of a fibrous base (eg, a canvas, a system of threads); 3) bonding the fibrous base into a single system (obtaining a non-woven material); 4) non-woven fabric finishing.

Obtaining a fibrous base. Fibrous canvas - a layer of textile fibers (surface density 10-1000 g / m 2 and more) - fur is most often obtained. way: on a carding machine, a comb, or a fleece (a continuous thin layer of fibers with a surface density of approx. 20 g / m 2), is formed from fibers 45-150 mm long, to-ry with the help of special. devices are stacked "on top of each other" at different angles, as a result of which a longitudinal or longitudinal-transverse orientation of the fibers is obtained in the canvas.

With aerodynamic In this method, combed fibers are carried away by the air flow and transferred through a channel (diffuser) to a mesh drum or conveyor, where they are laid to form a non-layered canvas (non-oriented arrangement of fibers). Hydraulic (wet) method the canvas is formed from an aqueous suspension of shortspinnable fibers on a paper machine mesh. Electrostatic canvas is obtained by laying charged fibers in a uniform layer on a conveyor having a charge of the opposite sign. In the fiber-forming method, the canvas is obtained by laying continuous fibers (threads) on the mesh surface of the conveyor immediately after they are molded from a melt or polymer solution.

A fibrous base of threads (a system of threads) is formed by stacking several. layers of yarn or ready-made chem. thread ordering, eg. in the form of a grid, or chaotically.

Obtaining and application of nonwoven materials. The fibrous base is fastened with physical-mechanical, physical-chemical. or combined methods.

F and z.-x and m. ways of fastening the fibrous base in the production of non-woven materials are the most common; they are used to obtain glued non-woven materials. The fibers (threads) in the canvas are fastened into a single system with a binder due to the adhesive (autohesive) interaction. at the contact boundary, the binder is a fiber (thread). Elastomers, thermoplastic and thermosetting polymers in the form of dispersions, solutions, aerosols, powders, fusible and bicomponent fibers are used as binders. Sometimes a binder is not used; in this case, the basis of non-woven materials is subjected to special. processing (thermal, chemical reagents, gases), leading to a decrease in the flow temperature of the polymer, from which the fibers (threads) of the fibrous base are made, or to the appearance of "stickiness" on their surface as a result of swelling, plasticization, etc. ., contributing to the bonding of the fibers at the points of their contact.

Distinguish several. main methods for obtaining glued nonwoven materials. The method of canvas impregnation with liquid binders (dispersions and solutions of butadiene-acrylonitrile rubber, polystyrene, polyvinyl acetate, polyvinyl alcohol, acrylic copolymers, etc.) is widespread. Impregnation methods are varied: the canvas is immersed in a bath with a binder; binder foam is fed into the gap of two shafts, through which the canvas continuously passes; the binder is sprayed onto the surface of the canvas special. devices; applied by printing using engraved rollers, templates (similar to drawing a pattern on a fabric). After impregnation, the canvas is subjected to drying and heat treatment with hot air or IR radiation in a special. chambers or calenders.

In the paper-making way, non-woven materials are obtained from short textile fibers (2-12 mm), to which wood pulp is sometimes added, on conventional paper-making equipment (see Paper) and from fibers of increased length (40 mm or more) on paper machines with an inclined grid. Binders -synthetic. latexes, low-melting fibers (usually polyvinyl chloride), fibrids (see Synthetic paper) and bicomponent fibers are introduced into the web before or after it is cast on a paper machine. The fabric is then dried and subjected to heat treatment, as in the previous impregnation method. The resulting nonwovens are paper-like; the use of longer fibers improves their textile properties. This method produces (at high productivity - up to 300 m/min) disposable non-woven materials, for example. tablecloths, diapers, bed linen, napkins.

More progressive than impregnation is the method of thermal bonding, because. the use of liquid binders is eliminated, wastewater treatment is not required, etc. In this case, it is possible to obtain non-woven materials decomp. structures and St. The canvas is formed from the so-called. base fibers - polyamide, viscose, polyester or their mixtures with low-melting (polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride) and bicomponent fibers. On the canvas or individual layers of the comb, special is applied. devices, resin powders (phenol- or melamine-formaldehyde) and (or) plasticizers, or only solution for swelling the surface layer of fibers. After that, the canvas enters the heat chamber, and then to the calender, on which, as a result of pressing, gluing occurs.

A variation of the method is local heating of the canvas with needles or shaft ribs, when fusion (welding) zones are formed that hold the canvas together (powder binder is not used). Welding can also be carried out with high frequency currents, ultrasound, laser beam. This way you get more bulk materials than discussed above.

The spunbond method for the production of non-woven materials from polymer solutions and melts is developing at an accelerated pace (it already accounts for 30% of the production of non-woven materials from their total volume). This method combines the production of chemical. fibers and nonwovens. The fibers (threads) in the canvas formed on the mesh of the receiving, moving conveyor (after the exit of the fibers from the spinnerets) are glued to each other at the intersections autohesionally, if they have not lost their "stickiness", otherwise they are fastened by knitting, needling or any physical.-chemical. way. The spunbond method can be used to form a canvas from fibers of any length, even almost infinite. Increasing the length of the fibers dramatically increases the coefficient. the use of their strength in non-woven materials, which allows you to reduce the requirements for St-you binder or reduce its content in the material, resulting in an increase in the porosity of the material. Spinneret installations can be used to form at high speed not only fabrics, but also products of complex configuration.

Naib. promising glued non-woven materials produced by new technology from films (polyethylene, polypropylene, polyamide), excluding the production of fibers. The essence of the method lies in the fact that the polymer film is split into fibrils (on a needle-punched machine or special fibrillators) and then fastened.

Glued nonwoven materials are used as heat and sound insulating, filtering, container and cleaning cloths, as a base for polymer coatings (artificial leather, linoleum, oilcloth) and abrasive materials, as cushioning materials for clothing, canvases for printing, materials for reinforcing plastics.

F and z.-m e x. s s o b s - knitting, needle piercing, felting.

Knitting-stitched non-woven fabrics are produced on a special basis. machines by knitting threads or fiber bundles of fibrous canvases (canvas-stitched non-woven materials), systems of threads (thread-stitched non-woven materials), as well as their combination with other materials (frame-stitched non-woven materials), for example. with fabrics (fabric-stitched), films (film-stitched). On all machines for the production of knitting-stitched nonwovens, the process of looping is carried out, as in the production of knitwear, except that a separate thread is laid on each needle. All needles of the machine move simultaneously, pierce the fibrous base and return to their original position, pulling the knitting thread through it. For knitting, cotton yarn, kapron, lavsan, chlorine and other complex threads are used.

Naib. the canvas-stitched method is economical, and the thread-stitched non-woven materials are similar in terms of St-you fabrics and knitwear. The range of fabrics produced using this technology is unusually wide: fabric substitutes for clothes, terry towels, art. fur, decorative fabrics, etc.; in heat and sound insulation technology. materials, gaskets, basis for synthetic coatings, etc.

Needle-punched nonwovens are made on needle-punched machines. The bonding of the fibers in the canvas is carried out as a result of their fur. entanglement during repeated piercing of the canvas with jagged needles. Features of needle punching machines, needle design, depth and density of needle punching have a decisive influence on the structure of nonwovens and, therefore, on their characteristics. To improve St. in needle-punched nonwovens subjected to special. processing (impregnation with latexes, heat treatment of canvases containing high-shrinkage or low-melting fibers) or before needling, the canvas is duplicated with a reinforcing material (for example, with fabric, film).

A modification of the method is the entanglement of canvas fibers with thin jets of water or gas ejected under high pressure from nozzles.

This method produces, for example, filter cloths for decomp. environments, heat and sound insulation. and tech. cloth, blankets, floor coverings, geotextile materials with high permeability (like sand) and strength (they are used as a drainage and filtering material for the construction of roads, dams, bridges, buildings, etc.).

The felting method produces non-woven materials from pure wool fibers or their mixture with chemical (up to 40%) by fur. impacts on the fibrous layer in a humid environment at elevated t-re. Under these conditions, woolen fibers are felted (moved, intertwined, compacted), forming felt. The resulting semi-finished product is subjected to roll on decomp. machines for further compaction, shrinkage and giving it a given shape and size. Then the felted fabric or product is sent to wet finishing, drying and dry finishing. In this way, felts, felted and felt products (shoes, hats) are obtained.

K o m b and n and r. ways of obtaining nonwoven materials, including several. methods for bonding a fibrous base are used to obtain non-woven materials of increased quality (for example, greater dimensional stability, increased strength, with better deformation properties). Thus, electro-flocked non-woven materials are produced by oriented application in electric. high voltage field of relatively short fibers (length 0.3-10 mm) on a support (eg textile fabric or film) pre-coated with adhesive. The final fixation of the fibers in the adhesive layer is carried out in drying chamber. This method is used to produce non-woven materials that imitate natural suede, fur, packaging materials, etc.

Depending on the purpose, nonwovens are produced in an unbleached (harsh) form or subjected to finishing (eg, bleaching, dyeing, shearing).

Lit .: Bershev E.N., Kuritsina V.V., Kurylenko A.I., Smirnov G.P., Technology for the production of nonwoven materials, M., 1982; Ozerov B. V., Gusev V. E., Designing the production of non-woven materials, M., 1984.

V.M. Gorchakov.

Nonwovens are textile fabrics that are made from a variety of fibers without traditional weaving or weaving techniques.

According to the scope of application, there are:

• for tailoring;
• household;
• technical;
• packaging;
• cushioning;
• faux leather base;
• furniture.

According to the bonding method, nonwoven materials are made by the following methods:

• Chemical or adhesive bonding (adhesive method).
• Mechanical fastening: needle-punched, piercing methods, hydro-jet method (Spunlace technology).

Canvas stitching is made by carefully combing pre-prepared fibers and passing it through a special converter that places the fibers perpendicular to each other. The resulting canvas is stitched on a knitting machine. These are: flannel, bike, cloth, drape, batting.
Quality indicators: wear-resistant, highly elastic, low-crease, breathable, not subject to shrinkage.

Thread stitching fabrics obtained by interlacing a system of two threads. In a special way. They overlap one another and are fastened with a chain stitch. These are: blouse, dress, used for sewing swimwear.
Such fabrics are dimensionally stable, have low thermal conductivity, are hygroscopic, breathable, practically do not crumble on sections, and are well extensible.

Stitched fabrics are made by threading textile loops on a knitted basis. These are terry cloths of the type "dzhintars" and "teika", artificial furs.
Such fabrics are highly hygroscopic, hygienic, durable.

Glued fabrics are made by gluing fibers with liquid adhesive solutions, dry plastic substances, due to adhesive substances applied to the fiber structure. An example of such canvases are: edging, heat-insulating fabrics, interlining, proclamelin, iso, artificial leather base.
Such canvases are resistant to heat, washing and dry cleaning, have high rates of elasticity and rigidity, breathability.

Needle-punched fabrics It is made by numerous punching of the fabric with red-hot needles with notches. Representatives: batting, synthetic winterizer, cushioning fabric, heat-insulating fabric.
Differ in the high durability, thermal insulation, form-stable.

Fabrics received felting way: felt, felt, blanket fabrics. These are durable, heat-insulating fabrics.

Aeroformation: the process consists in mixing the fibers with air, the resulting cotton wool is then sprayed onto special tape. This technology is used for the production of napkins and baby diapers.

Nonwovens

textile products from fibers or threads connected to each other without the use of weaving methods (See Weaving).

Large-scale industrial production of N. m. appeared in the 40s. 20th century Modern N. m. is one of the main types of textile products in many countries. In 1972, more than 3 billion tons of m were produced in the world. m 2.

Materials obtained by physicochemical methods. Most N. m., so-called. glued N. m., are produced by methods in which the connection of fibers is carried out with the help of binders (adhesives). The most common are glued N. m., the basis of which is the so-called. fibrous canvas (a layer of textile fibers, weight 1 m 2 which ranges from 10 to 1000 G and more). Most often, the canvas is formed mechanically ( rice. 1 ) from several layers of carding coming from the doffer drum of the carding machine (See Carding machine). The canvas is obtained by the aerodynamic method, in which the fibers are removed from the drum of the carding machine by an air stream and, to form the canvas, are transferred to a mesh drum (condenser) or to a horizontal mesh at a maximum speed of up to 100 m/min and more ( rice. 2 ). Canvas can also be obtained from an aqueous dispersion of fibers on a paper machine mesh (See paper machine).

Depending on the characteristics of the gluing of the fibers, several methods are distinguished for obtaining glued N. m.

The most common method is based on the impregnation of the canvas with a liquid binder - synthetic Latex. The canvas is immersed in a binder bath or the binder is sprayed over the surface of the canvas. Sometimes impregnation is used, similar to drawing a pattern on the surface of a fabric by printing. The impregnated material is dried and processed in heat chambers heated by hot air or infrared emitters. The canvas is usually formed from cotton, a mixture of viscose and polyamide fibers, or from textile waste, including non-spun ones. N. m obtained in this way (speed 50 m/min and more) are used as bead and gasket materials, for filters, as heat and sound insulating materials in the automotive industry, etc.

With the method of hot pressing, the gluing of fibers is carried out with thermoplastics (polyamides, polyethylene, polyvinyl chloride, etc.) under pressure up to 2 MN/m 2(20kgf / cm 2) at elevated temperatures, usually on special Calenders. Bonding is preceded by heat treatment of a layer of fibers containing a binder, which is introduced into the canvas at the stage of its formation (in the form of low-melting fibers, mesh, threads, etc.) or into an already formed canvas (in the form of powder).

Upon receipt of N. m. using paper machines (speed 100 m/min and more), a binder (latexes, fusible fibers, etc.) is introduced into the mass supplied to the machine, or into an already cast web. Such N. m. are cheap, widely used in the manufacture of single-use products (bed linen for hotels, towels, tablecloths, dressings).

With the spunbond method, the synthetic fibers formed at the outlet of the spinnerets of the spinning machine pass through channels in which they are drawn in the air stream, and then, when laid on a moving conveyor, they form a web. The formed material is most often fixed with a binder; in some cases, the stickiness of the fibers themselves is used.

With the structure-forming method, N. m. can be obtained without the use of fibers: the canvas is formed as a result of the formation of condensation structures from solutions or aerosols of polymers (in the form of a porous, sometimes fibrous precipitate, which may contain fillers, then washed out) or by curing foam, etc. Such N m. "breathe" like a fabric. They can be used instead of cloth or paper in technology (for filters, etc.) and for domestic purposes.

Materials received by mechanical means. In the manufacture of canvas-stitched N. m. (Malivatt technology - GDR, "arachne" - Czechoslovakia, etc.) in a canvas moving through a knitting and stitching machine, the fibers are fixed as a result of stitching them with threads, which are stacked and connected in the same way as in warp knitting on a knitting machine. Such N. mats are used as heat-insulating (instead of woven batting, etc.) or packaging materials, as the basis for the production of artificial leather (see Artificial leather), etc. The productivity of one unit is 3-8 m/min and more.

Thread-piercing N. m. (materials "malimo" - GDR) are obtained by flashing one or more systems of threads. These N. m. are used for decorative purposes, for beach and outerwear, towels, etc. Of particular interest are thread-stitched N. m.

Fabric-stitched fabrics are made by stitching a textile fabric with tufted yarn (material "malipol" - GDR), the use of which helps to improve the structure and properties of the fabric. For this purpose, fabric, “malimo” material, etc. are used. N. m. cm) - carpet yarn with needles that pull it through the fabric. When the needle moves back, the yarn is caught in the holder, resulting in loops. To fix the loops on the wrong side of the carpet, a binder is applied. Machine performance 5 m 2 /min and more.

With the help of knitting and stitching machines, N. m. is made without the use of threads (materials "Voltex" - GDR, "Arabeva" - Czechoslovakia, etc.). Such N. m. may consist, for example, of fabric and canvas obtained from long fibers. After pulling the fibers from the canvas through the woven frame on wrong side N. m. strong loops are formed, and on the front side - a fluffy and high pile. Such N. and. used as a warming pad in sportswear and demi-season coats, for the manufacture of hats, warm shoes, etc.

The most promising are needle-punched fabrics, which are made by entangling the fibers in linen and stitching it with notched needles. The material is pierced when the board with the needles moves down (to the stop). When it moves up, the material moves forward (the productivity of the machines is 5 m/min). Such N. mats are used as carpets, which successfully compete not only with woven, but also with tufted carpets, since they do not require yarn for manufacture. Needle-punched N. mats are also used as blankets, felts for paper machines, filters, etc.

N. m. also include felting and felt textile materials (see Felting) , in the manufacture of which the ability of wool fibers to felting is used (during mechanical or heat-moisture processing). The structure of such N. m. sometimes enter the framework of the fabric. The technology for their production has a long history (in this way, for example, felt boots are obtained).

Lit.: Technology for the production of non-woven materials, M., 1967; Tikhomirov V. B., Chemical Technology production of nonwoven materials, M., 1971; Perepelkina M. D., Shcherbakova M. N., Zolotnitskaya K. N., Mechanical technology for the production of nonwoven materials, M., 1973.

Great Soviet Encyclopedia. - M.: Soviet Encyclopedia. 1969-1978 .

See what "Non-woven materials" is in other dictionaries:

Cloths and products made from fibers, threads and other types of textile materials (sometimes in combination with non-textile, such as films) without the use of spinning and weaving. Nonwovens: carpets, blankets, fabric substitutes… … Big Encyclopedic Dictionary

Nonwovens- NON-WOVEN MATERIALS, textile materials from fibers and threads, made without the use of weaving processes. Non-woven products: carpets, blankets, insulation pads for clothes, shoes, paper machine felts, filters, etc… Illustrated Encyclopedic Dictionary

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Textiles made from fibers or threads joined together without the use of traditional weaving methods. industrial production nonwoven materials appeared in the 40s. 20th century Modern nonwovens are one of the main products ... ... Encyclopedia of technology

nonwovens- Textile materials made from natural and chemical fibers without the use of weaving methods (mechanical, physico-chemical and combined methods). The production of nonwoven materials includes the preparation of the base (canvas, ... ... Textile glossary

Nonwovens- textiles made from fibers or threads obtained without the use of weaving. For the production of N. M., low-grade and non-spun fibers, textile production waste can be used, which leads to a high economic ... ... Encyclopedia of fashion and clothing

Cloths and products made from fibers, threads and other types of textile materials (sometimes in combination with non-textile materials, such as films) without the use of spinning and weaving. Nonwovens: carpets, blankets, substitutes… … encyclopedic Dictionary

Cloths and products made from fibers, threads and/or other types of materials (textiles and their combinations with non-textiles, such as films) without the use of spinning and weaving. Compared to traditional production methods in the textile industry ... ... Chemical Encyclopedia

Text. materials made from nature. and chem. fibers without the use of weaving methods (mechanical, physical, chemical and combined methods). The production of N. m. includes the preparation of the base (canvas, a system of threads, a film of fibrous structure, etc.), ... ... Big encyclopedic polytechnic dictionary

Non-woven textiles are materials made from fibers or threads joined together without the use of weaving methods. Contents 1 The history of the development of the nonwovens industry 1.1 Classification ... Wikipedia

Non-woven fabrics are called special materials that are obtained without the use of flat weave technology. For the production of such a fabric, the raw mass is rolled out to an even layer, after which it is stitched.

History of occurrence.

It is believed that nonwoven fabric appeared in France in the 1930s. By the way, the country is still the leader in this industry. Such a fabric was made from viscose fibers.

In addition, at that time, industry was developing rapidly in Europe, and equipment for the production of nonwoven materials appeared.

Over time, their manufacturing technologies began to be mastered in the USA, Japan and many other countries. Now you can buy non-woven fabric the cheapest way in the countries of Southeast Asia, where they began to actively develop its production.

In Russia, such a fabric began to appear in the late 60s. In the Soviet Union, they began to produce equipment for the production of linen by glue, felting and knitting methods. The active production of fabrics continued for about 20 years, but then it began to decline.

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This was largely due to the shortage, which began to appear everywhere. There was also a lack of cotton. I had to look for an alternative, and the non-woven fabric became synthetic.

And now it needed a lot more. The material began to be used in mechanical engineering, construction and medicine, as well as Food Industry. With the collapse of the USSR, the production of such a canvas, as well as everything else, decreased many times over. But not for long.

There is practically nothing to replace these products, and the goods that Western factories produced were more expensive. New types of materials have appeared: you can buy non-woven fabric of such types as geotextiles and agrotextiles.

Now non-woven fabrics are produced in large volumes both in Russia and abroad. Due to the competitive price, synthetic products are especially popular, which gradually begin to displace natural ones. materials.

Non-woven fabric: production and material features.

Products can be manufactured different ways. For example, which has proven itself due to its strength and wear resistance, is manufactured using a mechanical method.

The fibers that are the basis of such fabrics are stitched together with threads. The result is an even, durable non-woven fabric, which is stitched together with thick threads for reliability.

Canvas fabrics have excellent thermal insulation properties. Because of this, they are often used as lining fabric when sewing clothes. Another area of ​​application of such material is the production of artificial leather shoes.

Unlike canvas-stitched, thread-stitched material is more like terry cloth. It is obtained by stitching with one or more systems of threads.



There are many advantages to nonwoven fabrics. They have good hygroscopic characteristics, are durable, inexpensive and have a long service life. In addition, these materials are practical and environmentally friendly.

Some of their varieties can even be used in the production of products for newborns, which will be in direct contact with children's skin.

Types of nonwoven fabrics.

In stores, you can now buy non-woven fabric of any variety. Their properties and technical characteristics depend on various criteria:

• Mode of production.
• The structure of the material.
• Features of raw materials.

Compared to conventional production methods in the textile industry (for example, weaving or spinning), such materials are relatively easy to manufacture. The technology of their production is quite simple, and therefore this fabric is inexpensive.

In addition to low cost, there are other advantages: saving human resources, the ability to full automation manufacturing process, the possibility of a more rational use of raw materials.

Therefore, today non-woven fabrics can be called the most modern and versatile type of textile products.

Buy nonwoven fabric can be made from many types of raw materials. The range of such products is really very large: there are fabrics from natural materials e.g. cotton, linen, wool.

They are somewhat inferior to artificial canvases in terms of durability and wear resistance, but they have a definite plus - ethological purity and safety.

Choice artificial materials is simply amazing. On sale you can find many products made from chemical fibers: polypropylene, viscose, polyamide.

In addition, secondary fibrous raw materials are used for the production of such products. It includes fibers that have been produced from waste products from various industries, such as rags and patches. There are also products made from a mixture of various fibers.

Externally, such products can also be quite different. You can buy non-woven fabric with various patterns, fleece, persistent embossing. The texture of the canvases is also different. There are practically smooth products, and those that have a corrugated inhomogeneous structure.

Where is the material used?

Non-woven fabric has been widely adopted in the industry, agriculture and other industries. It is constantly used by cleaning companies in their work, and housewives do not forget to buy non-woven fabric for household needs.

Such canvases have a high degree of hygiene and are able to correct almost any pollution that can only be found in the house. It is a universal material for wiping equipment and vehicles.

Non-woven fabric is used for the production of napkins, technical towels, floor cloths. This fabric is a reliable and inexpensive insulation for clothes and shoes.

Non-woven materials are filled with furniture and small toys, and are also used as packaging.

So non-woven fabric is an economical and in many cases indispensable material. Thanks to technical specifications this fabric will not have competitors for a long time.

Non-woven fabric: features and scope.