A fully functional seeder is made from available materials: tin cans, plastic bottles, other recyclables. Tools made of metal plates are intended for large peasant farms, where the goal is the industrial scale of growing vegetables and herbs. Making a metal seeder requires professional skills, but this tool can also be made with your own hands, especially if they are gold.
The carrot seeder must perform the following functions:
- sowing in rows without gaps;
- distribute seeds evenly (after a certain interval) in rows;
- issue a certain amount seed material by 1 linear meter(in pieces, grams);
- plant seeds at a specified depth in the soil;
- do not damage the seed;
- After filling the furrows, fill them with loose soil.
How to make a hand seeder from metal
A manual seeder made of metal is a prototype, in functionality and design close to tools manufactured in a factory. This mechanical device is useful for large farms and greenhouses that grow carrots and other vegetables on an industrial scale. As a result, sowing time is reduced and labor costs are saved by reducing the time for thinning seedlings. Seeds are sown in a row at a certain interval, which is adjusted manually. The principle of control of the seeder is mechanical, manual.
Operating principle of a manual seeder
When pushing the seeder, the wheels rotate, and with them the shaft, which, in turn, performs the function of a dispenser. There are small grooves on the shaft into which the seeds fall. Rotating around its axis, the roller takes a portion from the hopper. As the brush passes, excess seed material is cleaned from the recesses and one seed remains in them. With further rotation of the wheels and shaft, the seeds fall out of the niche directly into the prepared furrow.
The advantage of a manual seeder is that notches of different diameters are usually made on one shaft in a certain order. This allows you to sow seeds of various vegetable crops, such as carrots, beets, greens, peas, beans, etc. If necessary, the cell size and number are reduced using natural wax.
Yulia Petrichenko, expert
When manufacturing a seeder, excavations are made taking into account the required distance between seedlings of crops. Also, the length of the shaft, and therefore the distance between the grooves, can be made larger or smaller than indicated in the drawing.
It should be remembered that the maximum length, diameter of the shaft and wheels depend on each other. The parameters are clarified by performing mathematical calculations.
Materials and tools
To make a seeder you will need:
- Sheet steel 1.5 mm thick.
- Scissors, hacksaw for metal.
- Soldering iron and hard solder.
- Short bushings.
- Steel strip 1 mm thick for the slider.
- Metal plate 0.1 mm thick.
- Brass rod with a diameter of 15 mm or a nut with an internal thread diameter of 8 mm.
- Solid steel rod with a diameter of 18 mm.
- Metal bushings 1 mm thick - for wheel hubs.
- Tools: pliers, pliers, lathe, ruler.
- Drilling machine or hand power tool.
- Wooden handle.
Since the work is supposed to be serious, the preparation, assembly, and processing of parts must be carried out by a person with certain skills. This requires technical knowledge, the ability to read blueprints and work with metal and metalwork tools.
Drawing of a homemade manual seeder
Despite the apparent complexity of making a manual metal seeder, the whole difficulty lies in cutting and processing the parts correctly. Following the drawing, any person with golden hands will quickly assemble the necessary and necessary tool for gardening.
Calculation of seeder parameters
We determine the approximate number of recesses on the shaft for seeds using the formula:
n = (3.14.D.q.i)/(V.K),
where D is the wheel diameter, m; q - required number of seeds per 1 linear meter of groove, pcs.; i- gear ratio from the wheels to the shaft, when installed at the same level, equal to the length of the shaft; B - germination rate of the sown material, in shares; K is a coefficient that takes into account soil viscosity and wheel slip (taken equal to 0.96...0.98).
where d is the shaft diameter, m; n - number of rows.
When choosing seeder parameters, consider the following: what larger diameter shaft, the better the seed capture and distribution in the recesses. Consequently, sowing occurs more evenly. Taking this into account, choose a shaft with a diameter of at least 40 mm.
Step-by-step instructions: do-it-yourself manual seeder
Main stages of preparation:
- From sheet metal 1.5 mm thick, cut out blanks according to the drawing: wheel rims, bunker walls and others. If necessary, sand edges and holes.
- Connect the body parts along lines and solder them with hard solder.
- Solder sliding supports - short bushings - into the holes of the side parts.
- Make a minimum gap between the back wall and the shaft.
- On the outside of the front wall, solder a sleeve for wooden handle. From the inside, in the upper part, install the bracket for the adjusting nut at the top, for the slider guide - at the bottom.
- Make a slider from a strip of steel 1 mm thick and bend it as shown in the drawing. Solder a brush made of a thin 0.1 mm steel strip to the part.
- From brass to lathe grind the adjusting nut with a rim of 0.8 mm.
- Grind a shaft with 45 degree chamfers on both sides from a steel bar with a diameter of 18 mm.
- Drill 6-8 recesses on the shaft with a diameter of no more than 0.4 mm (for carrots), 0.6 mm (for larger seeds). Maintain a distance between rows of at least 20 mm and make recesses in a checkerboard pattern, then the seeds will be distributed evenly in the furrows. This design has 2 rows on one shaft. If you need to sow seeds further apart, leave one row and increase the distance between the holes. Accordingly, the number of cells will decrease to 3-4.
- Cut the wheel rims along the outer diameter with a hacksaw or scissors towards the center where the center line of the holes with a diameter of 10 mm passes. The number of cuts is equal to the number of holes (12). Using pliers, bend each petal outward at an angle of 45 degrees.
- Cut wheel hubs from metal 1 mm thick, bend and solder into disc holes with a diameter of 20 mm.
- Assemble the seeder in the following order: put the body on the shaft, then the wheels, secure the parts, and place the wooden handle.
A simple carrot seeder made from scrap materials
People say: “A good owner makes everything work.” Likewise, you can make a single-row seeder for small seeds with your own hands from recycled materials. By convenient device is Alexander Ivanovich Boldarev from Cherkassy.
Materials and tools
To make a smart seeder you will need:
- The shaft is metal or plastic from a thick-walled water pipe.
- The wheel is made from an empty tin can. Wheels from a children's bicycle, etc. are also suitable.
- Retaining rings for wheels.
- Bunker - from plastic bottle, food container, empty shampoo bottle.
- Foam rubber.
- M4 screw - 4-8 pcs.
- M4 nut - 4-8 pcs.
- Transport bracket - 1 pc.
- Wooden handle.
- Restrictive ring (or clamp) - 2-4 pcs.
Tools and devices for performing work:
- Screwdriver.
- Drill (can be hand-held).
- Drills of different diameters.
- Knife and scissors.
Diagram of a seeder made from scrap materials
Instructions: how to assemble a seeder
- Prepare all parts according to the drawing. Start with the shaft. In the middle plastic pipe Using a drill, drill holes of different diameters - for large and small seeds. Attention! Do not drill through the pipe.
- Make wheels from empty cans. For better traction with the soil, you can put rubber rings on the wheels in several rows. In the middle, cut a hole with scissors to the diameter of the shaft.
- Cut a hopper from a plastic bottle: cut off the bottom, make holes in the walls on two opposite sides for the shaft. The neck of the bottle should point down.
- Place the hopper onto the shaft. Lay the foam rubber and glue it to the walls of the bottle so that when turning it, excess seeds are removed from the shaft. That is, after passing through the foam brush, the shaft should produce cells with 1-2 seeds in each.
- Attach the transport bracket to the shaft.
- Place the wheels on the shaft and secure with screws.
- Secure the hopper - attach it with screws to the bracket through the metal plate. When the shaft rotates, the hopper should remain in place.
- Insert a wooden handle.
A simple seeder for carrots and other vegetables significantly reduces labor costs. The time for sowing is reduced to several minutes per bed. The one-time costs of manufacturing a seeder are more than offset by the quick and easy planting of the future crop. The service life of such a device is at least 5 years.
What kind of seeder do you use for planting carrots, herbs, and vegetables? Share your secret with readers in the comments below.
Each of us knows how important it is to sow the seeds of certain vegetable crops on time and correctly to obtain good harvest in future. In theory, everything is easy, simple and clear, but in practice, there is often simply not enough time to sow large areas in a limited time. In addition, when sowing, you should be careful with the seeds themselves, especially if they are purchased with just enough to spare. In order to solve these problems as efficiently as possible, special seeders were created, which can be purchased at any agricultural equipment store. But such a device can not only be bought, but also created with your own hands from scrap material, which will be discussed in this article.
Requirements for DIY manual seeders
A hand-made homemade seeder for sowing seeds of various vegetables and flowers must meet the following requirements:
- The seeder must sow seeds accurately and evenly in rows and beds.
- Sowing seeds must be carried out at a certain, calculated soil depth.
- The seeder must strictly maintain the straightness of all rows and the specified row spacing.
The designs of hand-made homemade seeders are quite simple, although they may differ in some details and additions. Do-it-yourself manual seeders are made from the following parts:
- seed box;
- seeding roller;
- two bearings;
- two running wheels;
- two brackets for attaching the opener;
- handle with bracket.
Do-it-yourself manual precision seeders
Manual precision seeders made by hand, due to their high accuracy, can be used in greenhouses / greenhouses / nurseries / flower beds, as well as in individual vegetable gardens. Compared to conventional manual sowing, labor productivity using a homemade seeder increases by about 10-15 times.
Of course, there is nothing easier than purchasing a manual seeder in a specialized store, but it is much more economical to make such a device yourself, because doing it is not so difficult, especially for those who have basic skills in working with metal.
No vegetable garden is complete without healthy carrots.
If a person has a garden, then he tries to grow his own products on it. This is correct, because only by planting crops with our own hands can we be sure of their quality and usefulness. The work of a summer resident cannot be called simple; during the season you need to do a lot of different things, without which you cannot get a harvest. To make your work easier, you can use different devices - a carrot seeder is a good example of this. You can buy it in a store, or make it yourself, there are many options and let’s get to know them.
This is interesting! Nowadays, there are more than 60 varieties of orange root vegetables; its homeland is the original Afghanistan. Europeans learned about carrots around the 10th century.
Store options for seeders
Syringe
A fairly simple and accessible device for everyone. As you can see in the photo, the syringe has a transparent cylinder where carrot seeds are placed, and a rod that pushes them through a special hole in the base. This device is sold in gardening stores and hardware stores. Convenient, simple. The price, depending on the region, is about 100-150 rubles.
The second option, which has long won respect among summer residents, is a seeder for sowing carrots, which is shown in the photo below. The principle is the same as that of a syringe - the seeds are placed in a barrel, and then pressed into rows in the garden using a rod and a spring. Very budget-friendly - up to 100 rubles and a simple option. But these two planters are suitable for small areas that can be planted by hand without much difficulty. But if you need to sow a large area in the garden, then you will have to purchase more serious units, more on them later.
Roller seeder
Convenient, technically simple device. Our country produces videos as well as foreign analogues. The price of the Russian unit is 200-250 rubles. You can buy such a device in garden stores and online stores. The principle of operation is elementary - the round body opens, the seeds are poured in, the lid closes. After that, the handle-handle is inserted and sowing is done in the rows that were made in advance.
The big advantage of such a roller is that you don’t need to bend over, as is the case with the first two devices, because you can even make a handle with your own hands and to suit the required height. The roller makes it possible to easily sow a large garden, but if you have an impressive area, then the units described below are suitable for you. But it is worth noting that we will talk about seeders for small-family crops, which are suitable specifically for self made in the garden, and not about complex machines with many attachments for fields like walk-behind tractors.
On a note! Another advantage of such a roller seeder is that it is suitable for sowing not only carrots, but also other vegetables, herbs and even peas.
Precision seeder
Such devices are perfect for carrots, beets, peas and other crops. Yes, they already cost an order of magnitude more, but they also make the work much easier. Again, such units may have complex design, simple, different in size, functionality, be from our manufacturers and foreign ones. This affects the cost. See below for examples of commonly used seeders and their photos.
Precision seeding units:
- SOR-1/1. Single-row seeder from the Rosta company. May have different designs– either sow using a brush mechanism or using a sleeve mechanism. Quite an inexpensive option - up to 3 thousand rubles. The grain basket holds quite a lot of seeds. It can sow different crops, for which the bushings that come with the kit are changed;
- 1001-B. This seeder is already from the Earthway company, which is located in America. The option is compact, light - up to 4 kg, can plant different crops and medicinal herbs, sowing depth is adjusted. The set includes six discs that can be changed and make it possible to plant 28 crops, including vegetables and herbs. The price of the unit is more expensive - up to 7-8 thousand;
- Seeder SMK-1. Again from the Rosta company, good unit, which you can simply attach to the cutting and then manage it. Price – up to 1000 rubles. The mechanism has brushes and a shaft, sowing is carried out in one row. If your area is large, then you can purchase another modification - the SMK-5 seeder is five-row, sows crops to a width of 6 cm, SMK-2 is a two-row. The width can be adjusted from 6 to 24 cm. Pour the seeds into the container and sow, everything is quite simple, but at the same time effective;
- AL-KO US 45. Very a good option Precision seeders for both carrots and other crops and for spreading fertilizers. It costs no more than 2 thousand rubles, you can order it on the Internet. A German unit, convenient in that it has a 22-liter tank, where you can pour a lot of seeds and fertilizers, as well as a handle that is easy to hold with two hands.
Of course, there are very, very many seeders, each company has its own, but the principle of operation is largely similar, the efficiency is the same, only the cost can differ many times. If you have a large or small garden next to a private house or in a country house, then these seeders are perfect, they won’t take up much space and won’t require special skills. Well, we are moving on to the second part, and these will be life hacks on how to do simple devices for sowing small-seeded crops with your own hands and at no cost.
On a note! Nowadays, there is a special adhesive tape on sale, on which the seeds are already applied at the required distance. It just needs to be buried in rows, sprinkled with soil and watered, as with regular sowing.
DIY carrot seeders
Plastic bottle
This is the most common garden device for sowing small seeds. Take a 1.5 liter bottle, unscrew the cap, make a hole. This can be done using a screwdriver. We insert a juice tube here and secure it at the base with thread or tape. Mix the seeds with sand so that they do not fall thickly and at the same time there is drainage. We sow in rows and water.
Paste and bottle
This is the second version of a manual seeder for carrots, which you can do with your own hands and, again, from a bottle. We also make a hole in the lid, but without a tube. Cook a sticky mass from a liter of water and a spoon of flour. Pour the seeds here and mix them thoroughly. Pour into a bottle and plant. The nutrient mass will distribute the seeds so that minimal picking is needed.
Egg cartons
This is not a seeder, but a sowing method. Take 2-3 egg containers, insert them into each other to create density, after which we press down the ground with them, and pour seeds into the resulting cells. Here you can use seeders from the store in the form of a syringe or a barrel. The method is suitable for a small garden.
Pill box
We need a box with a dispenser, such as those for medicines, baby pills, and substitute sugar. It has a certain button, which makes it possible to pour out exactly one tablet. This elementary item can also be used in the garden by mixing the seeds with sand, and now a homemade carrot seeder is ready. Suitable for small plot. The box must initially open so that the seed can be filled in. Even easier, you can use an old salt shaker for spices and salt.
Nowadays there is an opportunity to buy and make a lot of things with your own hands. various devices, which will help make work easier in the country. By saving time in the garden, you can spend more time with loved ones.
The seeder body consists of two side parts (1), one front (4) and one rear (3) walls, made of metal plates 1-5 mm thick. The parts are connected with rivets or countersunk screws. In turn, the front wall is a mandrel for moving the guide (5) and brush (7). The latter is made from an ordinary flat brush in a metal frame, which is soldered to the guide. The brush is moved using a screw (6), which is screwed into an M4 nut soldered to the guide (5).
Do-it-yourself manual precision seed drill, first drawing
The main part of the seeder is the axis (2), which has recesses according to the size of the seeds. The drawing shows two rows of such recesses (4 and 6 mm). If necessary, you can make additional rows for other seed sizes. The axis can be moved both to the right and to the left relative to the body and fixed in the desired position so that there are recesses inside the body under the brush the right size. This is done using two rings (9). The axle is inserted into the body, then rings with M4 screws are put on it and the axle is fixed in the desired position, it is important that it rotates evenly without jamming. Wheels (8), which are made of metal 1.5 mm thick, are attached to the ends of the axle. Circumferentially rims 12 holes with a diameter of 10-12 mm are drilled. Then a radial cut is made at each hole (see drawing), the resulting teeth are turned 45 degrees with pliers, relative to the plane of the disk. The wheels are attached to the ends of the axle with MB screws and Grover washers. A pipe made of a thin-walled tube of suitable diameter for handle fastenings.
Do-it-yourself manual precision seed drill, drawing second
At the front and rear walls The length dimensions are approximate; it is advisable to make them longer and adjust them to the location when installing the axle. It is important that the assembled seeder has minimal gaps between the axle and the walls, that is, sufficient for easy rotation of the axle, but at the same time the seeds should not get stuck in them.
So, the seeder is ready. The seeds are poured into the hopper (10), having previously installed recesses of the required size under the brush. Place the seeder on a well-prepared bed, press the handle to deepen the body to the recommended (for this type of seed) depth and pull along the markings on the bed. In this case, the front wedge-shaped part of the body makes a groove, and the seeds falling into the recesses of the axis fall out evenly into the groove. The brush sweeps away excess seeds. The uniformity of seeding can first be checked on a flat surface (table, floor, board, etc.).
Note: on general view The front side of the seeder is conventionally shown as transparent, so the internal structure is visible.
" Carrot
Planting carrots always takes a long time. If you sow seedlings in random order, then as they sprout, you will have to thin them out and remove weak shoots. To reduce planting time and to plant evenly, seeders are used. You can purchase them or make them yourself.
Seeders made for manual sowing are divided into several types:
- Tukovye– recommended to simplify the process of fertilizing or distributing lime throughout the territory;
- Vegetable garden– designed for sowing seeds for agricultural needs in areas near the house or gardens;
- Cereals– provide for planting over vast areas – in grain fields.
A simple seeder can be made from scrap materials without spending much money. But all simple devices are made only for the hole, that is, adjusting the required volume of the hole is often problematic or almost impossible.
If you make a simple seeder with your own hands, it is recommended to provide for the moment of planting various planting materials. It is necessary so that the hole made from a sheet of iron can be adjusted.
The advantages of such a device are:
- Uniform seeding planting material;
- Placement on the same depth;
- Same distance between landings;
- Simplicity in use;
- Ease in building.
With the help of such a unit you can quickly and in a short time plant a large area. After working with a carrot seeder, you will not have to pull out excess seedlings, injuring those that remain for further growth.
Manual seed planter
This type of planting technology is used over vast areas. It is able to create even grooves and place an even amount of seeds in them. It can be used not only for sowing carrot planting material, but also beets, onions, parsley, lettuce or other small seeds.
The groove is made through the movement of a wheel on which special blades or spikes are located. With these growths, the wheel creates holes of a certain size with the same depth.
The design of the seeder is such that a spout comes from the hopper, through which a certain volume of seeds is sown. The supply of seedlings is strictly regulated by a special valve.
At the rear there is an additional wheel with smooth surface, which, when moving, fills and compacts holes with planting material.
Some hand drills can have multiple rows of planting and can be adjusted for the depth of the planting hole.
Piston
A piston carrot seeder looks like a cylindrical plastic container. It fits planting material. At the bottom there is an adjustable conical hole for sowing seedlings into the soil. On top of this device there is a piston equipped with a spring.
This unit works on the principle of squeezing a certain amount into a pre-prepared hole in the ground. To prevent seedlings from scattering in different directions, a piston seeder is placed 5 cm above ground level.
Some farmers consider the piston planter to be a problematic device, and replace it with an ordinary medical syringe. But working with a syringe causes a lot of inconvenience:
- When squeezing out seeds, they often scatter in different directions;
- The pressure on the syringe cannot be controlled, Therefore, the seeds are poured out in different volumes.
The piston planting system is designed for large areas, but with a syringe you can’t sow much. Therefore, it is better to use a piston with spring pressure.
Funnel-shaped
One of the simplest mechanisms is a large dispenser with a miniature “spout”. The cone going into the ground has a hole, the volume of which can be adjusted by the diaphragm located inside.
Place the funnel above the ground surface at a height of up to 15 cm and gently shake the preparation.. The seeds, rolling out along the groove, are evenly placed in the furrow.
Using such a funnel-bowl, it is possible to achieve correct, even furrows, without being thickened with an excessive amount of seeds.
The disadvantage is the need to adapt or adapt to such work. If you shake frequently or vigorously, you can plant the seeds not in the furrow at all, but around the entire area.
Carrot planter made from a block
This planting method is similar to the egg tray method. To produce a planter from a block, you will need several plastic caps And wooden block. Its dimensions can be arbitrary, but it is better to stick to the proven volume of a wooden board - 5x5x50 cm.
The lids are nailed on one side. The soil needs to be loosened well so that it is airy and soft. Leveled evenly upper layer soil. The side with the lids is lowered into the soil and pressed. After the block is raised above the surface, even holes remain in the soil substrate for planting carrot seeds. All that remains is to insert the prepared seedlings and sprinkle.
Mini rake for planting seeds
Raking for planting is easy to do if you have previously had experience with a hacksaw or jigsaw. For the prepared bed, you should choose a long board, such that it completely covers the area.
Also, to produce a rake you will need a block of wood up to 20 cm long - this will be the handle.
The bottom side (end) must be cut. Peculiar teeth in the shape of a trapezoid are cut out on it, so that the lower base is no more than 1 cm, and the depth reaches 2 cm. A handle is placed in the center on the flat side. This can be done using a nail. The work on the mini rake is finished.
To perform sowing, you need to lower an improvised rake onto the dug up, airy area and move it around the perimeter. In an instant, smooth grooves are formed on the site into which planting material must be placed.
Additional types of seeders
There are many methods for planting seeds. Carrot seedlings present the greatest difficulty for gardeners. They are quite small and difficult to plant evenly. After germination very a large number of young shoots have to be removed. Therefore it is recommended to use different methods for landing:
- Seeding with toilet paper– numerous seeds are glued to a piece of toilet paper in a random or strictly defined order. Later this area is covered with a small layer of earth. When the sprouts sprout, they do not need to be discharged. The only thing is that weeds sprout abundantly among them. The disadvantage of this method is the long-term gluing of small seedlings onto a piece of paper;
- Egg container seeder- an original and simple way. The advantages of this method are its simplicity and evenly planted seeds at the required distance. To do this, you need to press the tray into the ground and pour 1 or 2 seeds of planting material into the resulting holes;
- Using tape– can be found in specialized stores special tape for planting carrots. The seedlings are already glued to it in the required order and at the optimal distance. Planting is easy - tape is applied to the furrow made and sprinkled with earth.
Thus, to plant carrots without a seeder at home, you can easily, but before that you need to either spend money or be patient, laying it out on toilet paper small seeds. But to get a rich, and most importantly, even harvest, you can make any sacrifices.
How to make a manual carrot seeder with your own hands?
In cases where there is no extra financial resources to purchase a seeder, you can make it yourself. Before work, you should draw up a drawing and an individual design of the future unit. It is best to do everything using simple models.
For production you need an axle, tubes aluminum production, and wheels, as well as iron, sheet format. From these parts you can make an excellent homemade seeder without resorting to heavy and costly technologies.
Collection scheme:
- Aluminum tubes turn into handles. It requires measuring the angle of inclination and adjusting the height of the seeder to suit your height; it is best to design the handles “from yourself”;
- Seed bins are formed from iron in the form of cones or funnels. They are located on the axis so that there is a small space of 1 cm between them;
- Each the funnel should go down with a sharp cone, inside of which there is a hole 0.1 cm wide;
- The central axle is connected to the wheels, the bins are placed on top of the axis, to which the handles are attached;
- Additionally, if desired, you can install limiter for marking rows.
Having tested the design, you can adjust it to suit yourself as needed so that the seedlings fall out evenly and at the same speed.
Thus, when using seeders, you can not only plant seeds in your garden or dacha with pleasure, but also spend less time. Besides, when working with such planting technologies, it is not necessary to remove excess shoots as the crop grows. If you follow the recommendations, you can make high-quality equipment with your own hands and plant large areas of not only carrots, but also other crops.
