How to properly install door hinges. How to install hinges on a door How to install hinges on a door by hand

For someone who decides to do home renovations themselves, installing hinges on the door may become a problem. This is a very important operation: even a slight inaccuracy will lead to skew of the canvas and problems during operation. You can avoid this by adopting following rules and advice.

You need to know that door hinges, depending on the material of manufacture, come in three types.

Steel: the most reliable and durable, but not aesthetically attractive. More expensive models have a chrome finish.
Brass: have an attractive appearance, but do not last long, since the soft metal wears off over time.
Brass plated: relatively cheap hinges that imitate brass. They are made of alloys and have a coating that gives the metal a characteristic shade. The service life is limited by rapid wear of rubbing parts.

Door hinges (see photo below) may differ in design depending on the material of the door leaf.

Loops for glass doors(for example, in a sauna) are attached on both sides, grasping and clamping the glass. Silicone or rubber inserts help to hold the canvas. Installation of such hinges is impossible without special equipment.
Loops for metal doors: there are external and internal. The external ones are equipped with support bearings or liner balls, as well as an adjusting screw to compensate for metal production. Hidden door hinges make room entry possible unauthorized persons almost impossible: they cannot be cut or damaged, since there are no external parts.
Loops for plastic doors: their difference is that they can be adjusted by increasing or decreasing the gaps between the canvas and the box. Installed by specialists on metal-plastic doors of balcony blocks.
For wooden doors: there are overhead, mortise and screw-in (screw-in). Installing hinges on a wooden interior door is done using simple carpentry tools.

When choosing hinges, the following factors must be taken into account:

door leaf weight: for heavy ones, made of solid wood hard rocks and for increased size of canvases, additional door hinges, for ordinary doors two are enough;
presence of bearings: hinges for heavy doors will open easily and without squeaking;
direction of door opening: depending on this, hinges are universal, as well as “left” and “right”.

Tools required for work

Inserting hinges into doors is carried out using the following set of tools and devices:

500 g hammer and chisel;
screwdriver;
screws (self-tapping screws);
carpenter's pencil;
construction level;
wooden wedges.

It is convenient to insert hinges using an electric cutter: in this case, the need to use a chisel will practically disappear. It will only need to correct the corners (in places where the cutter cannot process the wood).

How to install hinges in a door: step-by-step instructions

Hinges for interior doors or entrance doors are installed after marking. Further work is performed in the following order.

Marking and inserting hinges into the door leaf

They retreat 200-250 mm from the top edge and from the bottom and make a mark. You should pay attention that there are no knots or damage to the wood in the area where the hinges are installed, otherwise problems will arise when screwing in the screws. If these defects are present, a different location for installing the hinges is chosen (displaced).
The edges of the loops are applied to the resulting marks and their outline is outlined.
Using a chisel, cut along the contour of the loop. The beveled part of the tool should be oriented towards the loop, the cutting depth should not be greater than the thickness of the metal.
Make a sample of wood using a chisel and hammer.
Attach the hinges to the door leaf with self-tapping screws.

Important: if a mistake was made when selecting wood, you need to use cardboard spacers for the hinges.

Markings for the hinge on the door frame: important nuances

Do the same with the counterpart of the loop: cut out the contour in door frame. To do this, the doors are hung on wooden wedges in such a way that there is a gap of 2-3 mm at the top, bottom and along the side edges of the panel. To temporarily fix the canvas, wooden wedges are used. During work, they are guided by the following rules:

It will be easier to mark the hinges on the door frame if the door leaf is closed with a pre-embedded lock.
It is necessary to check the position of the door leaf using a level: the door should not deviate either from the horizontal or from the vertical.
To accurately mark the box, the hinge will have to be temporarily unscrewed from the door and then secured again.
Cutting down wood using a chisel is done in such a way as to prevent excessive deepening, otherwise the door will warp when opening and closing.

Important: to prevent the wood from cracking when screwing in self-tapping screws, you must first drill holes with a thin drill.

Installing butterfly hinges

Not everyone knows how to handle carpentry tools. In this case The best decision– installation of butterfly hinges. Their peculiarity is that they belong to the category of “no-cut”. In the closed position, both sides of the loops close and fit into each other. A small gap is needed for the door to open and close well. How to install hinges on a door (procedure).

We install hinges on metal doors

For this work you need to have at your disposal:

welding machine;
electrodes with a diameter of 3-4 mm;
grinder with grinding wheel;
marker;
metal plates 3 mm thick.

Let's consider the process of installing overhead hinges equipped with a ball or support bearing and an adjusting screw.

Important: installation of locks, anti-cuts and crossbars is carried out after installing the hinges.

Step-by-step description of the hinge installation process.

We install the door in the opening.
We place metal plates on the bottom and sides: there should be a gap between the canvas and the elements of the opening.
We measure about 250 mm from the bottom and top sides and make marks.
We apply the hinges, guided by the marks, and find a position in which the door will open and close freely.
By using welding machine We spot weld the hinges so that they can support the weight of the door.
We check the correctness of the chosen position of the hinges by carefully opening and closing the doors several times. They should “walk” freely, without distortion, and open completely.
After checking (if the hinges are positioned correctly), we finally weld all the parts.
Using a grinder with a sharpening wheel, we remove the slag and make the joint smooth.
Reinstall the support bearing (ball) and the adjusting screw.
We paint the doors and hinges on the outside.

Important: during welding work The adjusting screw, bearing and ball must be removed to avoid deformation due to extreme heat. All internal surfaces The hinges must be generously lubricated with grease or other thick lubricant.

In conclusion, we suggest you watch a video demonstrating the process of inserting a hinge into an interior wooden door.

Usually door designs are purchased with hinges built into them. However, there are often collapsible options that require self-assembly. How to install the hinges correctly so that you don’t have to see the whole structure skewed later? Studying the installation sequence of these elements will significantly help in solving the problem.

Scroll necessary equipment for work:

Loops.
Chisel and hammer.
Screws and screwdriver.
Pencil.
Wooden wedges.
Level.

Basics of making door hinges

Any leaf has door hinges. Their quality affects the process of opening and closing the sash. These small-sized parts carry a colossal load. Their correct installation will determine the further operation of the door.

The manufacture of such structures is based on materials such as steel and brass. The first version of the raw material is distinguished by its noble coating, but it is characterized by some softness of the base. Over time, such substances easily lose their shape. Brass door hinges are suitable for installing interior structures.

Steel options are distinguished by an incredibly strong coating; parts of this type are characterized by the highest quality and reliability.

Such elements can be seen on entrance structures. Intermediate samples door hinges door hinges made of zinc alloys can be considered. They are much stronger than brass elements and can withstand significant weight.

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Various hinge design options

The samples under consideration differ in manufacturing materials and design capabilities:

Screw-in ones look like two wings that are attached to the frame and door.
Mortise ones allow you to prevent unauthorized persons from entering the room. Such samples cannot be cut. They are characterized by a long service life and are equipped with a bearing mechanism.
Invoices.

To properly install door hinges, you need to clearly determine their number. The weight of the structure is of paramount importance in this matter.

So, if earlier 2 elements were used when installing doors, now 3 hinges are installed to increase the reliability of fastening. Massive samples of canvases involve the use of four or more components.

To understand how to install door hinges, you need to understand a few important points. So, the standard design involves the use of two such elements. For heavy metal and wooden molds 3 loops are installed. Before starting work, the canvas is laid on its edge: in this way, installation can be significantly simplified. And it is known that inconvenience in work may not have the best effect on its quality.

Not the last place in the process of installing hinges is occupied by tools. On the eve of work, chisels should be sharpened well, and they should be different sizes. They can be used to carefully cut grooves for hinges.

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Inserting hinges, main stages of installation

You can install door hinges by strictly adhering to certain rules.

So, focusing on the door leaf, it is worth noting that these small elements should be located at a distance of 20 or 25 cm from the boundaries of the leaf. Special attention should be given to its surface: the presence of knots, cracks and broken elements is not allowed. A screw screwed into such a base will completely destroy the box and lead to its distortion. It will be impossible to properly insert door hinges into a deformed coating. The presence of such places on the surface makes it possible to fix them in a slightly shifted plane, for which the standard distance moves slightly up or down.

In order for the interior door to be installed securely, it is necessary to install the hinges according to the rules. Many professionals use raised or deep planting in nests.

For correct installation loops, it is necessary to make a recess in the canvas equal to the thickness of the element itself.

Traditionally, inserting loops begins with markings. As mentioned above, the distance from the top and bottom of the structure corresponds to 20 cm. You should also set arrows that will determine the direction of the loops. This way you can avoid confusion in your work.

The loop is applied to the marked points, aligned along the edge, and its outline is outlined using a pencil. Accurate marking of the contour will allow you to secure this part deeply in the hole.

You can prevent the hinges from slipping by attaching them to the door leaf for a while using two self-tapping screws.

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Sampling for installed hinges

Using a router, a regular chisel and a hammer will help you complete this stage. Using a wallpaper knife, cut the borders. Next, a chisel is used to make a recess of the specified dimensions, usually it corresponds to 2-3 mm. A sample is made along the marked contours to a similar depth.

Using a sharp knife involves cutting the wood along the grain. The transverse position involves capturing a thin layer of veneer. A small scratch appears on the base. The sharp edge of a chisel is inserted into it and the handle is struck.

During the cutting process, the door hinges are placed on ready place. An awl marks the points for drilling. For this, drills with a diameter of 3 mm are used. This way you can achieve preservation of the integrity of the paintings. Then the hinges in the finished hole are fastened with self-tapping screws. Their caps should protrude somewhat above the surface.

Once the hinges are in place, the door is leaned against the base of the frame. The outlines of the hinges are dragged onto the door leaf. Then the set of works is repeated. As soon as the hinge installation system is mastered, you can safely begin installing door closers.

Many people install interior doors with their own hands to save money. One of the stages of this process is inserting loops. When carrying out all the manipulations, there is no need to rush, since the future operation of the entire structure depends on how well everything is done. Let us consider in detail what you will have to face and how to do everything correctly. To make everything more clear, we also suggest watching the video.

Door hinge

For ease of operation, it is best to place the door on its long edge so that the lock side is at the bottom.

Taking measurements

Inserting hinges into an interior door begins with markings. To do this, you need to retreat 20 cm from the lower and upper edges of the canvas. Two of their boundaries are marked with a pencil: the upper and lower. Then the loop is applied and outlined in order to thus obtain its even contours. It would be more effective to attach it with two self-tapping screws; in this case, it will be possible to obtain the most accurate measurements.

By the way, the screws that need to be screwed in are not the ones that came with the kit, since the latter will need to be used only once, when the hinges will be installed directly. Or another option: use a blank made of thick cardboard that matches the dimensions of the working part.

Working with a chisel

It is best, of course, to carry out the insertion with a milling cutter - a tool that a professional specialist cannot do without. But if you can’t use it, a hammer and chisel will come to the rescue. The latter must be well sharpened.

First of all, you need to outline the outlined contours with a sharp knife, deepening it by about 2-3 mm. This move will help you work better with a chisel in the future. Now you need to make a selection: insert the sharp part of the chisel into the scratch formed by the knife and, by briefly hitting it with a hammer, make a small indentation. It is important here not to overdo it so that the hole fully matches both the size and thickness of the loop. The latter should fit into the workpiece almost perfectly, not rise above the door leaf, but also not be very deep. Don't rush to finish the job with a chisel. It’s better to spend more time, but do everything carefully and efficiently.

It should be noted that inserting door hinges is, in principle, a simple job, but it requires precision and accuracy. You will also need a rather limited set of tools for this. How to do everything correctly is described in this article.

Typically, assembled doors do not require the installation of locks and hinges - everything is already done at the factory. Even if purchased disassembled block, such a service can be easily ordered in the carpentry shop of a construction supermarket.

There, the craftsmen use a special machine and do the work as carefully as possible, and for a relatively low fee. Thus, when confidence in own strength is missing, we advise you to choose the option mentioned above - inept actions often lead to damage to both the doors and the frame.

Types of loops

Before buying hinges, you need to understand their features and the designs on the market. This will allow you to choose the right model for your particular case.

First of all, it matters which side your wooden doors open. So, there are loops:

right-handed;
left-handed.

If you have not yet fully clarified this point for yourself, take universal ones.

To determine the type, you need to stand on the side in which the canvas should swing open, and see where its movement will be directed (to the right or left) - the hinges are selected accordingly.

They also differ in material:

brass (they are flexible and therefore not suitable for heavy sashes);
alloy (also not very strong);
steel (the most reliable and durable).

Varieties:

the most popular type of hinges is card hinges, with fastening plates on the sides;
corner ones are used for pendulum-type doors;
screw-in (screw-in) plates do not have, but are equipped with threaded pins (suitable for lightweight MDF panels);
secret - used on entrance doors and are not visible from the outside;
Italian ones are very reminiscent of the furniture we are used to.

They are also distinguished by the type of installation:

invoices are mounted directly on the surface of the canvas and box;
mortise ones require flush installation in special recesses;
screw-in ones only need holes in both the frame and the sash itself.

This is a special non-separable type of card loops, the design of which allows you to do without insertion. It is the one that is most suitable for inexperienced home craftsmen.

The butterfly is used on doors that are mounted in an already installed frame.

This option also has a number of disadvantages:

to remove the canvas, you need to unscrew the screws;
sometimes distortions can form over time;
not suitable for solid wooden sashes;
the surface on which they are attached must be perfectly flat.

How to install a butterfly with your own hands? You will need these tools:

screwdriver or screwdriver;
wood drill;
awl;
pencil;
roulette.

Self-tapping screws come complete with hinges, so there is no need to buy them separately.

The order of work is as follows:

along the edge make indents of 200 mm on each side;
attach the attachment;
mark places for screws;
drill holes (1.5 mm);
fix the hinges;
the door is applied to the frame and marks are placed on the latter;
make holes there for the screws and complete the installation.

The procedure itself is quite simple - no template is needed here.

Prepare:

ruler (30 cm);
pencil.

determine the opening side;
along the end we measure 200 millimeters from each corner;
make notes;
we apply loops to them with the top part towards the line;
draw a contour;
the plate should protrude slightly beyond the end dimension - this will ensure free opening;
if there is any natural defect at the attachment point, the hinges are moved slightly lower.

Loop insertion

None complex instruments will not need. Manual frezer, for example, is needed more when installing locks. Prepare:

screwdriver (usually you need a Phillips type Ph 1);
hammer;
drill with a set of drills;
chisel;
cutter;
awl.

The installation process looks like this:

according to previously made marks, the loops are temporarily strengthened;
they are outlined with a cutter, going deep a couple of millimeters, and removed;
using a chisel and hammer, carefully cut out a recess sufficient to completely immerse the mounting plate;
the box is assembled with screws around the door placed on the floor;
check the correctness of the markings and notch the perimeter of the groove;
strengthen the canopies with self-tapping screws, lift the block and check the opening.

How to install screw hinges

To work you will need:

roulette;
drill;
ready-made template;
pencil.

The canvas is installed vertically on its side. Further:

20 centimeters retreat from the edges;
secure the template with a clamp;
drill the necessary holes (their depth corresponds to the length of the guide pin);
the same is done on the box;
the hinges are disassembled and installed in the prepared holes;
the canvas is hung in place;
if necessary, adjustments are made.

Adjustment is made using special screws by loosening or tightening them:

if you need to correct the position of the sash in the horizontal plane, turn the top one;
adjustment of the gap and fit is carried out with the lower screw;
the middle one is necessary for correction in the vertical direction.

This video will help you better understand how to install hinges on a door:

Door hinges are a mechanism that allows you to open/close a door leaf. Today, a variety of hinge options are used; they can be classified according to various criteria. The installation of hinges on the door depends on what type of mechanism is used. The hinge model must be selected taking into account the door leaf and operating conditions. There is a special hidden type of loops; they are practically invisible from the outside.

Overhead universal hinges are used most often. Externally, these are 2 plates, one of which is mounted on the door, and the second on the frame of the doorway. One part of these plates has special pins and caps; during installation, the door leaf is literally put on the frame. Installation of the mechanism is simple, the work does not take much time, and you do not need to have any experience.

The design of the loops is different, you can choose any option. There are traditional overhead hinges that are attached to the surface, and there are mortise ones, for which you need to select a hole according to the shape of the hinge and only then fasten it. The hinges are easy to use and hold even massive doors perfectly.. Only metal is used for manufacturing; the outer surface can be decorative, made in different style. Among the advantages, it is necessary to note the low cost and simple installation, which is accessible to everyone.

Screw-in hinges and their installation

The installation of so-called screw-in hinges is being used more and more often today. This is a design that consists of 2 parts, each of which has pins screwed into the surface of the wood. The first leaf part is attached to the door leaf, and the frame part is attached to the opening. After this, the door leaf is literally pushed onto the pin. After such a simple installation, only a small cylinder of small diameter remains visible on the surface. The number of pins may vary, but the quality remains unchanged, the door fastening is strong and reliable.

For lightweight fabrics, it is recommended to use loops with 2 pins, which are quite sufficient. For doors with linings made of natural wood loops with 3 pins are used. For heavy solid wood, it is best to use special reinforced hinges; the number of pins is taken from 4.

For lightweight doors, two-pin or three-pin hinges are usually used. They are usually placed in 3 pieces on the door leaf. For heavier fabrics, purchase four-pin hinges. They can be adjusted in 3 planes (height, clamping, horizontal) to achieve maximum accuracy when installing the door. To ensure silent operation and reduce friction during operation, some models of screw-in hinges are equipped with a special plastic (nylon) insert and a steel ball soldered into the body of the leaf part. There are 3-4 hinges per door.

It is very easy to carry out the installation yourself; you just need to make markings and then drill holes for the pins. Next, the installation of individual parts of the structure is carried out. The loops can be of different colors, they have special decorative caps. The manufacturing material is brass, aluminum or special heavy-duty plastic (only for lightweight door leaves).

The advantages of this design are as follows:

The hinges are cheap and their appearance is attractive.
Even with prolonged and intensive use, the service life is significant.
Decorative caps allow you to give the mechanism any desired appearance; they can be used for any interior.

Hidden hinges and bars

One of the most attractive options is a mechanism called “hidden hinge”. This is a device consisting of 2 integral parts, which when closed door not visible. The principle of operation of a hidden hinge is that the mechanism folds when closing or opening the door. When the door is open, the hinges are visible only on the end of the door. When closed, the mechanism is not visible at all.

Installation similar device It is quite complicated and difficult to do with your own hands; it is best to entrust this work to specialists. In addition, today there are door leaves on sale that already have built-in hidden hinges.

Among the advantages of such a mechanism, it should be noted:

The reliability of the device is the highest;
externally the loops are completely invisible;
The design is unusual, but attractive, and does not at all spoil the appearance of the doorway.

Installation of special bar hinges is slightly different. Door leaf can be opened in any direction.

The hinges consist of several parts, outwardly they are almost invisible, their body is compact and attractive.

After installation, the door leaf opens freely in any desired direction. IN living rooms This type is rarely used; bar hinges are usually used for partitions and doors in offices and cafes.

DIY hinge installation

How to install hinges? Installing hinges with your own hands is not difficult, but you must strictly follow all the steps of the proposed instructions. First you need to prepare the tools and materials that will be used during the installation process. This set contains:

loops of the selected type;
fasteners for their installation;
a simple pencil;
metal ruler and corner;
construction knife with replaceable blades;
chisel;
regular hammer;
screwdriver, drill;
Phillips screwdriver.

Installation begins with markings. It is necessary to determine in which direction the door will open and the location of the door hinges. To do this, you need to pay attention to which direction is more convenient to open, where there is free space for this. Ease of use, safety of the canvas itself and finishing materials around. Experts advise installing special stoppers in the direction of door movement that will slow down the opening. The door handle and the door leaf itself will no longer hit the surface of the wall or furniture. You can glue a small piece of material to the wall where the handle hits - this will also protect it from damage.

For loops, you need to choose a place based on their design and the weight of the canvas. For example, installing a regular interior door is possible with 2 hinges. If a solid oak door is installed, then 2 hinges may not be enough. It is recommended to take 3, of which 2 will be located at a short distance from the floor and top of the doorway, and the third will be in the middle. Next, markings are made with a pencil. If a tree is to be excavated, it is necessary to immediately determine to what depth.

How to attach?

Installation of loops is usually carried out 20-25 cm from the edge of the canvas. Once the markings have been made, work can begin. Using a sharp construction knife, carefully make a cut to a depth of 3-5 mm, equal to the thickness of the loop. After this, a recess is cut out to fit the loop. If you plan to install a regular overhead loop, then such a cut-out is not necessary. First, markings are made, the body of the loop is outlined with a pencil. You cannot go beyond the mark, since after fastening the appearance of the door leaf will be extremely sloppy, and it will be difficult to seal the cavities. After this, holes are made with a drill or screwdriver; they are necessary for fastening the hinge.

Similar work is carried out for the doorway; you will also have to prepare a place for fastening the second part of the door hinges. The installation continues in such a way that you can first “try on” the position of the hinges, otherwise it will not be possible to hang the door. If everything matches, then you can fasten the mechanisms with self-tapping screws. Usually they already come complete with loops, but if not, they can easily be purchased separately, based on the diameter. Usually a screwdriver is used for adjustment, but if everything is done correctly, then this is not necessary.

The door hinge is a special plate-shaped mechanism that has a rotating device. The door leaf is not only securely held on the door frame, but also freely rotates in the required direction. Loops can be the most various designs, it all depends on the requirements for strength and reliability, appearance. Most often, ordinary universal ones are used, but hidden ones, which are not visible when the door is closed, can also be used.