Our company offers high-quality materials for CNC burning. On the pages of our catalog you can find any material that various numerically controlled machines work with, such as plastic, aluminum, rubber, leather, wood, brass steel or anodized aluminum.
All materials for CNC milling can be ordered without leaving your workplace, simply by adding the product to your cart. You can also make a purchase over the phone or use the form feedback- in this case, our manager will contact you as soon as possible and help you place your order.
For the convenience of our customers, we work with the most different systems payment and offer cashless payments, electronic transfer, bank payment by Visa card or Mastercard, through the payment systems PayPal and Yandex.Money, as well as in cash upon receipt of the goods. In addition, you can use the Kupivkredit lending system. You can pick up your orders yourself or use the services of a courier delivery and transport company. We can ship goods not only throughout Russia, but also throughout the CIS countries.
Milling cutters are one of the varieties cutting tool. Depending on the characteristics of fastening, attachment and end tools are distinguished. End-type cutters are held in the spindle by the shank; attachment-type cutters have a hole in the middle for fixation on the axis. Shell cutters are practically not used for CNC machines. In this article we will focus on the types of end mills for CNC equipment.
End mill production technology
Today, there are two methods for manufacturing end mills: the technology of producing cutters from a solid alloy of high-speed steel and the technology of steel cutters with brazed plates.
Serial tools are made from solid hard alloys, in particular from high-speed steel. All-metal cutters are characterized by maximum rigidity, the highest accuracy of linear dimensions, and are reliable when operating in different modes, including maximum.
Diamond, large-sized and shaped cutters with complex cutting edge geometries are manufactured using a different technology. Edges made of another harder material are soldered onto the steel body. There are options for cutters with replaceable inserts. Such a tool is more vulnerable when operating at maximum modes. Milling cutters for hand routers are also made using this method.
Milling cutters by number of cutting edge passes
Based on the number of cutting planes, they are distinguished into single-, double-, and triple-cutting ones. Unlike a single-thread tool, a multi-thread tool performs several cutting movements in one revolution. Theoretically, at the same feed, multi-start cutters process the surface cleaner, or provide the necessary finishing cleanliness at higher feeds.
When working with multi-pass cutters, it is important that the chips do not linger in the working area, otherwise the tool will break. An increase in the number of cutting edges is inevitably associated with a decrease in the groove width. Therefore, the smaller the cutter diameter, the smaller the number of cutting edges.
Removing chips from working area is made up or down.
Single pass cutters with upward chip ejection
This type of cutter is ideal for processing viscous, low-melting materials, such as aluminum alloys and polymer materials. The resulting chips stick to the tool, and when working with a single-pass tool, the material is not heated to the melting temperature.
If it is necessary to process plastic with a cutter with a diameter of less than 9.5 mm, it is recommended to use single-edge tools. When using a tool with a larger diameter, it is more advisable to choose a two-flute cutter. Single-thread cutters with different sharpening angles are used when processing PVC, foam plastic, acrylic, wood, non-ferrous metals and their alloys.
div > ", delay:300)">
Single pass end mills used for processing materials with the formation of large chips. These are polymer materials such as acrylic, plastic of different hardness, plexiglass, as well as ABS, PVC, wood, composite, chipboard, chipboard, plywood. They provide high speed machining with excellent surface quality and quick removal chips during milling.
Double-flute cutters with upward chip ejection
Milling cutters with two blades are designed for processing infusible light materials, primarily wood. The standard range of double-flute cutters for CNC machines includes tools of different diameters, starting from the minimum. Double-flush cutters with a diameter of over 8 mm can be used to work with polymer materials. Double-flute metal cutters often have protective covering, thanks to which they can be used for processing almost all metals. For processing aluminum, two-edge cutters with an axial angle of 45°-55° are recommended. Due to the rather large angle, the blades overcome the resistance of the material with the minimum possible effort, the metal does not heat up to the melting point. Flat grooves provide the most efficient ejection of chips from the cutting zone.
div > ", delay:300)">
Double-flute cutters with a radius cutting edge tip. Used for surface treatment with the formation of smaller chips and less material removal in one pass. Used for rough processing of materials such as: PVC, ABC, wood, composite, chipboard, plywood.
div > ", delay:300)">
Double-flute cutters with a straight cutting edge tip. Used for surface treatment with the formation of smaller chips and less material removal in one pass. Used for rough processing of materials such as: PVC, ABC, wood, composite, chipboard, plywood.
Three- and four-flute cutters with top chip ejection
Multi-blade cutters for CNC machines are used less frequently. Such a tool is indispensable for large-scale and mass production where processing is required large quantity complex material. Mills with a chipbreaker deserve the most attention. They dull more slowly and remove a fairly large amount of material per pass. The tool can be considered ideal for rough milling of MDF, high-speed cutting of laminate and plywood. A rough surface finish is often sufficient for further use of the finished part. If cleanliness of machining is not important, cutters with a chipbreaker are more preferable, since the tool life for finishing machining is much lower.
The use of multi-start cutters is also justified where high operating speed is required. The more blades and the smaller the milling depth relative to the cutter diameter, the higher the cutting speed.
Downward chip ejection cutters
The scope of application of cutters with downward chip removal is the processing of thin sheet materials, and several sheets can be cut simultaneously in one pass. During operation, a cutter with a bottom discharge presses down the material, thereby eliminating possible shift of the sheet. At the same time, additional pressure is not at all necessary, which is convenient.
div > ", delay:300)">
Chip-down cutters are used to cut laminated materials without chipping. Such cutters are successfully used when processing sheet materials on machines without vacuum clamp. Processed materials: PVC, wood, chipboard, MDF, plexiglass, caprolon, textolite.
Straight blade cutters
The optimal choice for working in grooves. Thanks to this feature, CNC milling cutters with straight knives received a second name - slotted. The tool copes well with processing multi-layer materials. There are a number of specialized cutters for working on plastic, wood and other materials. The specialization of the tool is determined by the characteristics of sharpening.
Compression cutters
Compression cutters include cutters with complex geometry of cutting edges. The upper knife of the tool is directed downwards, the lower, respectively, upwards. This arrangement of the blades prevents the formation of chips and other defects on the surface of the material being processed. The scope of application of compression cutters for CNC mills is the processing of laminate, soft wood and other materials prone to chipping and lint formation. It is important that compression cutters are characterized by a long service life. You can work with a compression cutter in one or several passes. It is important that the lower knife is shorter than the thickness of the material being removed. Neglect of this requirement inevitably affects the quality of cutting. In this case, the tool works like a regular cutter with chip removal upward, and the upper edge of the material is damaged by the lower knife.
div > ", delay:300)">
Compression cutters (with counter-directed knives) are used to process laminated wood without chipping, both on the upper and lower edges of the cut. These cutters are excellent at processing medium-density wood, plywood and multi-layer boards, materials with single- and double-sided laminates, various plastics, MDF, chipboard.
Burrs (or "corn")
Burr cutters, otherwise known as rasp cutters, are known among professionals as “corn” cutters. Designed to work on abrasive and hard materials: Hardwood, CFRP, GRP, HDF (High Density Fibreboard). The operating speed of this type of cutter is almost no different from the speed of a conventional single-thread tool. Additional surface treatment after milling is usually not required. But nevertheless, there are corn cutters for both roughing and finishing.
div > ", delay:300)">
Double-sharpened cutters (corn type) are used for processing abrasive materials with the formation of chips in the form of dust. Specially located cutting edges of the working part of the cutter allow processing textolite, fiberglass and other hard composite materials.
Milling cutters for 3D processing
The group of cutters for forming a three-dimensional relief includes tools with a spherical end. The shape of the cutting part can be:
- Conical;
- Cylindrical.
Conical cutters provide high precision when applying small relief, which makes them similar to engravers. The fundamental difference between these tools is the design of the shank. Thanks to the massive shank, conical cutters are suitable for applying deep relief that is inaccessible to the engraver. Ending cylindrical cutter It has larger diameter and they are more often used for roughing, finishing the surface with a thinner conical tool.
Allowed for finishing use radius engravers. They are cheaper, but require increased attention when cutting, because... have a smaller margin of safety.
Shaping cutters
Shaped cutters include all tools with shaped blades designed to produce shaped surfaces. This group includes molding, V-shaped, fillet and other special cutters. Most shaped tools are made using steel + brazing technology, as it makes it possible to accurately produce cutting edges with complex geometries.
A comprehensive range of shaped cutters in our catalog is represented by the ARDEN brand. This is a Taiwanese company that produces high-quality cutting tools for both CNC equipment and manual milling machines.
div > ", delay:300)">
Let's sum it up
The optimal decision when choosing the type of cutter for CNC machines will depend on the characteristics of production, the complexity of the work performed and technical characteristics material. Although the range of cutters is quite wide, there are no questions with them optimal selection for current tasks usually does not arise. If you have any questions or require advice, please contact us and leave comments. We will help you understand and make the right choice among the wide range of cutters for CNC equipment.
Since ancient times, the tree has been considered one of the the best materials for the manufacture of household items, as well as decorative elements. This is not surprising, because wood is accessible, relatively inexpensive and durable. In addition, it is safe for health because it is an environmentally friendly material. And, with all these advantages, wood is quite easy to process. At the same time, the patterns turn out to be so beautiful that an ordinary object becomes a real work of art.
And one of the most effective tools for processing of this material is engraving machine woodworking. Firstly, it is quite easy to use. Secondly, it allows you to perform interesting design on the product. And, thirdly, the finished thing turns out to be so elegant that it looks even more beautiful than with handmade. Machine tools allow you to save a lot of time and effort for craftsmen, as well as increase the quality of products.
What material works best with? CNC machine for wood?
In order for the work to turn out “clean” and the machine to work properly for a long time, it is important to choose the right wood. The type of material, its humidity, surface condition and thickness are important. Of course, during laser processing, these parameters are not as important as when working with a milling cutter, but it is better to pay attention to them so that you will be pleased with the result of the work.
Depending on the type of material, its color and texture, CNC machine for wood allows you to create unique engraving options. Best results can be achieved when working with light blanks that contain a lot of resin. The pattern will be practically “eternal” if done on hard rocks wood such as ash, walnut, oak, mahogany or alder. But it is worth considering that oak can chip during processing. It is most convenient to work with material that has less lint. It is better to avoid soft rocks, because only perfectly new cutters can handle them, and even then with difficulty.
A few more details for wood engraving
You should also keep in mind that if you need small patterns, it is best to make them on walnut blanks. It is important that the humidity is no more than 8 percent.
Ash is suitable for large parts. Maple will be difficult to process, but the result of the work is very beautiful. Birch is perfect for paintings and panels. The pear is easy to process, and the surface of the product is perfectly smooth. If you choose the right material and calculate your strengths, you will definitely like the resulting pattern.
When you design and build a CNC machine, the first thing that needs to be designed is the base of the machine (bed). The base connects all other parts together, bears the lion's share of the resulting loads and determines the relative position of engines and axle gears, etc. Perhaps the design of the bed will depend on what materials and processing facilities you have, drives that fit into your budget, and so on. This often happens if a single product is designed for your own use. For this reason in homemade CNC It is difficult to find two absolutely identical parts in routers. However, it is necessary to imagine possible types frame structure in order to be able to choose the best option and purchase missing components.
X-AXIS STRUCTURE
The X axis is the basis for the entire machine, since X is the axis closest to the ground. The X-axis frame performs 3 main tasks:
- Serves as a basis for the remaining parts of the machine
- Supports the X-axis linear motion system
- Carries a desktop
Frame with full support
Full support frame is one of the the best options and is used in most professional machines. "Full support" means that the structure rests on the floor or other load-bearing surface along its entire length and width. This design means that it will not be possible to make a portal that encloses the desktop in a “ring”. This design is very rigid, and most importantly, it does not bend under vertical loads, its own weight and the weight of the spindle. This is an important point, since deflection over a long length can negate all efforts - a deflection of 0.1 mm is permissible only if you expect to get an accuracy of 0.5 mm from the machine. This option also has disadvantages, first of all it is the need to install two gears on one axis - two screws, two nuts, two motors and two drivers. Synchronization of axes can be done programmatically, or you can use a belt drive from a transfer pulley to two axles. In this case, you need to make sure that the motor power is sufficient to rotate the two axes. Using a fully supported structure, you don’t have to think about the weight of the material from which the frame will be made and its effect on the deflection - it will be entirely transferred to the supporting plane.
Full support bed and full support guides
Full support is when the connection of the object to the support extends along its entire length. The object can be not only the frame, but also the guide axes. The role of the type of fastening of guides is discussed in separate articles: Linear guides in CNC machines and Choosing guides for a CNC machine, but this will come later, here we will only pay attention to the support of the bed, and the fact that it is possible to make a machine with full support of the guides, but point support of the bed: this design does not prevent the machine from deflecting under vertical loads.
Bed with full support in Y axis and partial support in X
The most common design option, you can see it in the picture. The X-axis frame is placed on a plane with its legs, leaving free space below, and beams are placed across it to support the work table. As a result, the table receives greater rigidity when bending along Y, and less rigidity when exposed to X. The portal in this case has a closed contour and two beams connecting the portal posts at the top and bottom. The lower beam is connected to the transmission nut, moving in the free space under the frame. This design involves the installation of guides both with fixation along the entire length (profile rails) and at the ends (shafts). In any case, deflection cannot be avoided, but the first case will allow you to slightly reduce the error, because the gantry will follow the curves of the X axis. The partial X support design is suitable when the X axis length is not too long and the Z axis does not have high precision requirements. Otherwise, consider other options.
Bed with full X support and partial Y support
If we only have one motor and one drive screw for the X axis, but need to obtain high positioning accuracy, we can use this type. In it, the X-axis frame is located entirely on the supporting plane, and there are no beams along the Y-axis. The freed space is used for the movement of the portal - the portal frame is located inside the X-axis frame. Now, no matter how the portal is loaded, the X-axis will not bend (elastic deformations of the material we do not take into account the beds due to their small size). But the Y axis and the work table may bend. The work table in this case is the most problematic place - it must be constructed in such a way as not to interfere with the movements of the lower beam: this means that it can only be secured at the edges, and the table will be subject to sagging. Before using such a design, decide what is more important - the absence of deformations in the machine itself, or that the machine and table can still bend as a single unit.
Other options
There are other layouts, as well as various variations of those already outlined. For example, to get the benefits of a full-support bed, you can dispense with the bottom beam of the portal, and drive the U-shaped portal with a screw located on top - attaching the ball screw nut to the top beam (though this is quite cumbersome and makes it difficult to access the work area). You can turn to the classic solution - place 2 drives on the sides of the X axis.
Movable desktop
In it, the movement of the portal along the X axis is replaced by the movement of the desktop. This allows you to solve several problems at once, including obtaining a frame and guides with fixation along the entire length (the figure shows an option without fixation), but it reduces the working area. It also has the advantage that only one X-axis drive is required.
During the development of the bed, the choice of design is significantly influenced by the material - different materials deformed differently. The most popular materials are:
- Aluminum machined profiles
- Rolled steel
- Milled parts from aluminum alloys type D16T
- Cast iron
- Polymer materials - polymer concrete, polymer granite
- Other budget materials - plywood, MDF, plexiglass
Be sure to consider the properties of the material when creating your machine.
Numerical control is the main element that automates the process of processing materials on CNC machines. In order to process (manufacture) a specific part, the operator creates a program that the machine executes. Previously, when there were no automated machines, it was used to process complex contours. hand tool. It could also be used for template milling hand cutter. CNC milling machines provide the most precise processing of material.
Initially milling machines were intended for milling metal products from ferrous and non-ferrous metals. Later, milling machines began to be widely used for processing wooden products – solid wood, plywood, fiberboard, chipboard. For woodworking, unlike metal processing, you can use simpler machines with weak spindles.
A material that has become widespread is plywood. Plywood is quite versatile and inexpensive material, which allows it to be used in various areas of production. The main ones can be identified furniture manufacturing, construction and interior design, packaging, insulation products, as well as various parts, not subject to high loads and friction.
Plywood is not as simple to process as it might seem at first glance. Having a layered structure, it is susceptible to chipping at the sawing sites. In addition, the glue used to glue the layers together causes rapid wear of the cutting tool. Laminated, veneered, sanded and unsanded plywood can be milled.
Pine. Milling is done on a machine. User Vitaly F. (Orel)
Plywood. Milling is done on a machine. User petr c
Laminate. Milling is done on a machine. User Sergey K. (Gagarin)
And here PVC and other types of plastic are processed even easier, since these materials are less dense and more homogeneous. Plastic is very easy to cut, mill and engrave. Depending on the type of material being processed, the appropriate feed and speed are set.
Milling is done on a machine. User Sergey K. (Gagarin)
Plexiglas. Milling is done on a machine. User Alexey R. (Krasnodar)
Plastic. Milling is done on a machine. User Nikita T. (Perm)
Among various materials, which are actively processed by milling, take up a large share of the work volume composite materials. Composites (composite materials) usually consist of a plastic base, which is reinforced (reinforced) on one or both sides with stronger materials. Today standard composite panel is a multilayer sheet material. In it, the polymer filler is inside two layers of thin aluminum sheet. The thickness of aluminum in this "sandwich" is from 0.1 to 0.5 mm.
Composite plastic. Milling is done on a machine. User Sergey K. (Gagarin)
Textolite. Milling is done on a machine. User Konstantin K. (Krasnodar)
The milling machine carries out not only straight cutting, but also curved cutting. Therefore, on such equipment, it is possible to recreate a three-dimensional relief. Creating three-dimensional images on plywood, as well as on any other material, is called 3d milling. 3D milling makes it possible to obtain a three-dimensional image in the form of a relief pattern or image on any material. The use of structured natural materials, which is a tree, provides the possibility of interaction of a three-dimensional image with the natural patterns of the structure. Here it becomes possible to obtain effects that are unique in their beauty.
3d milling done on a machine. User Mikhail P. (Smolensk)
