How nice it is to have your own country house or dacha with beautiful green lawns and smooth paths from paving slabs.
If you don’t have a lot of money to purchase this decorative element, then you can put in a little effort and make a vibrating table for making paving slabs with your own hands.
What it is
This is a simple design with which tiles of various sizes and shapes are made. You can do it yourself using available materials.
To make this homemade device we will need: a motor (you can use an electric motor from a washing machine), drawings that can be downloaded from the Internet, springs and several corners and channels.
In general terms, this device looks like this: a metal base, on top of which the upper plate is secured with the help of springs and at the bottom an electromagnetic motor that will drive the plate.
Vibration is needed to remove air bubbles and voids from the mixture, which gives excellent quality of the finished product.
Advice: In order for the vibrating machine to work properly and the products produced on it to be of high quality, choose the ideal smooth material for the table top and a stable vibration motor.
If you overlook these two points, the device will produce uneven tiles even in specially purchased molds.
What do we need
At self-production For a vibrating table, you will need a welding machine and the ability to use it. Here are the most optimal sizes: width – 70 cm, height – 80 cm, length – about 200 cm.
To make table legs, use a rectangular profile pipe, since in the process of making paving slabs, the legs will use heavy loads due to the operation of the vibration motor. After about 30 centimeters, weld the cross members for a more rigid structure.
The material used for the tabletop is a steel sheet with dimensions of 2x0.7 m and a thickness of 5 mm. 4 cups on each side are welded onto the subframe and the main frame of the vibrating table and springs are secured in them using bolts, connecting the frames of the table and tabletop to each other.
If the glasses are more than 2 cm high, then the springs do not need to be secured with bolts. There are cases when a vibrating table is made without using cups for springs.
In terms of manufacturing, this design is undoubtedly simpler - the springs are immediately welded to the main frame and to the tabletop frame. But it has several significant disadvantages:
- Firstly - this design not collapsible, and if you need to move it to another place, this will be a difficult task;
- the second disadvantage is the impossibility of horizontal adjustment of the tabletop (in the case of glasses and bolts, such a problem does not exist) and, as a result, defective products.
You can download drawings, photographs or a diagram for free on the Internet, or watch a video about making vibrating tables. The middle of the subframe is the most loaded part, since the electric motor is attached to it using brackets. It is he who will put our table, made at home, into operation.
It is important to know: The motor must be placed so that its shaft is along the length of the table.
Any eccentric that you have at hand is attached to the end of the electric motor shaft. A good solution would be a flange with holes drilled for fastening on one side of the load.
Unfortunately, find out exact weight the load will not work right away - since there are many options for the engines used in the construction of the vibrating table. Each weight must be selected individually, based on the number of engine revolutions and its power.
Important - do not overdo it with the weight of the load, otherwise strong vibration will quickly damage the electric motor and it will have to be replaced. Cargoes are relatively cheap and can be bought used for a few hundred rubles.
Make sure to install special protection where the eccentric is attached in case it suddenly becomes detached from the motor shaft. Make a hole at the edges the width of the vibrating table and install removable sides for ease of making paving stones.
At the very end of the legs, weld fasteners to secure the vibrating table to the base (for example, a concrete floor). You can use a rubber pad or a sheet of plywood as a gasket.
Selecting the right engine
Most likely, this is the most crucial moment in the process of manufacturing a vibrating table.
As already written above, an engine from an old washing machine is very suitable, but its disadvantage is its fragility: it becomes unusable very quickly, the maximum lasts about 30 operating cycles. As a rule, the bearing either jams or the shaft becomes loose.
If you approach the manufacture of a vibrating hopper responsibly, we recommend installing a potentiometer with which you can adjust the vibration frequency. This will help you set the oscillation frequency that is suitable for your the right type solution.
Take note: ideal solution there will be an IV-99 vibrator. It costs about 6,000 rubles, which in principle is not that much. The attached instructions tell you how to prepare this engine for operation.
Small tricks in making a vibrating table:
- Pay careful attention to the choice of material for the slab. Basic requirements: to be solid and to withstand both vibration and static and dynamic loads;
- calculation of vibration amplitude. The quality and appearance manufactured products;
- place the engine in a certain place, according to the drawing.
So, you managed to make your own mini machine for the production of paving slabs at home. You not only saved your money (it would have cost several times more money to buy a new table), but also got the opportunity to make tiles of the sizes and shapes that you like.
How to make a vibration table with your own hands, see the instructions in the following video:
Paving slabs are an integral element landscape design. It is equally suitable for urban and suburban areas and serves great solution to decorate the site, giving it a well-groomed, neat look. The only drawback is the price, which only grows every year. Want to save money? Then find out how to make a vibrating table for paving slabs with your own hands.
Vibrating table - what is it and what are its advantages?
Homemade vibration table
Vibrating tables are devices used to make tiles. One of important advantages- the ability to carry out production independently, which reduces the cost of the final product several times. Let's also not ignore other positive features:
- You can make a vibration table from scrap materials in just a day;
- no professional skills of a carpenter, welder, etc. are required;
- the table can last for years without breakdowns or additional maintenance.
A vibrating table is used in conjunction with a concrete mixer and is intended for compaction concrete mixture, from which the tiles are subsequently cast.
Please note: without compaction, the material turns out to be very loose and airy. Such tiles will be neither strong nor durable. It is exposed to temperature, humidity, and mechanical damage.
Using a vibrating table, you get a quality product without making any effort, without wasting a lot of time and, most importantly, without overpaying.
Device
The design is quite simple to operate and create. Of course, it differs depending on the tasks set and the desired result, but in general there is nothing complicated here.
The basis of the vibrating table is the motor and the eccentric. During operation, these elements form a vibrating unit. Under the influence of a vibration mechanism, a movable plate is activated, where the mold with the solution is located. Constant vibration compacts the solution to the desired level, after which new forms can be installed. It's convenient and fast. And most importantly, the quality of the finished tiles will be no worse (and even better) than in hardware stores.
What is needed for production. Drawings, dimensions
Main design elements
In order to make a vibration table with your own hands, you need to:
- 4 stands (legs). You can choose any rolled metal: pipes, angles, etc. Select the length to suit you so that you can work without bending over. Preferably at least 1 m. Big difference V operational properties There is no between pipes and corners. We recommend choosing stainless steel.
- steel sheet (from 3 mm in thickness). It must be perfectly smooth and free from defects, damage, holes, etc.
- electric motor from 250 W and above, depending on the volume of work to be done.
- springs (hardened steel).
You will also need tools. You can limit yourself to a drill, grinder and welding machine.
The key characteristic of the table is its dimensions. If production is planned large quantity tiles, it is better to initially make the table larger. Accordingly, the engine power must be sufficient to create the necessary vibration. We recommend choosing motors with a power of 250 W and higher. As for sizes, in most cases 180x80 cm is recommended.
Tip: a washing machine motor can be a good solution. It will work for several years under average loads. The weak points of the engine are the bearings and bushings. If you first replace them with better ones, the table will last longer.
If you want to make a higher quality vibration table, it is better to buy a special vibrator. For example, IV99. Yes, it costs 6–7 thousand rubles, but it is practically eternal. A great addition would be a speed controller.
How to make a device with your own hands
We suggest using the following scheme:
Typical diagram of a vibrating table for paving slabs
- The base to which the tabletop will be connected is made from a corner or channel. These elements must be strong and firmly connected to each other. Especially if you plan to create a large table. Concrete is a heavy material, and the structure must be able to withstand it well. Take measurements, cut desired length material, weld a rectangle.
- TO internal corners foundations through welding machine The legs are attached, and plates are welded to their lower part, after which they are concreted. If you plan to move the table during use, skip this step. But then the stability will be low.
- It is better to take the legs higher and then “shorten” them with a grinder. Select the height to suit you so that it is convenient to work. Optimal height- at waist level.
- Place the tabletop on the base. It must be perfectly smooth. Otherwise, the mixture will overflow over the edges. Use a level. If it is not available, you can download the application for mobile phone. But remember that readings may not be accurate.
- At the corners and in the middle, install and weld springs - at least 6. You don't have to look for special ones. Take moped springs and cut them in half.
- Place a steel sheet on the springs and bolt the engine to it. Check the drawing.
- Place the tile mold on the sheet. You can also make it yourself or buy it in a specialized store in your city.
That's all. During operation, the motor will act on the sheet, and the springs will provide smooth vibration. In this case, the base of the structure (if the legs are concreted) will remain motionless.
The main thing is to first make sure that the surface is completely horizontal. Otherwise, the solution may splash out. Therefore, we recommend doing stationary table, not portable.
As you can see, there are no difficulties in creating a vibrating table for paving slabs. Minimal amount materials, tools, skills - and you can make such a table yourself in just a day. Calculate how much money you will save, and be sure that the investment and time spent on the construction of the structure are definitely worth it. Even if you buy a relatively expensive vibrator.
Today many city dwellers would probably like to have a dacha or a private house, which has a well-kept lawn and attractive paths. If it is not possible to allocate an impressive amount from the budget, but there is a desire to equip the exterior of the site, then you can make a vibrating table for the production of tiles, which will create material for arranging paths.
Description of vibrating table
The described design is simple, it is simply indispensable for independent This device will allow you to make products of different shapes, while concrete mixture should be used as the material.
You should not assume that a vibrating table can only be purchased in specialized stores. You can make such a design yourself. The base is the top plate, which is attached to the steel base using a movable connection. Among other things, you will need a motor that will drive the surface.
As the slab vibrates, bubbles emerge from the molds filled with concrete. This is the only way to ensure the proper quality of the product. When making vibrating tables for paving slabs with your own hands, it is necessary to ensure the ideal evenness of the tabletop. It should be smooth and the motor used should provide uniform vibration.
Preparation of tools and materials
To carry out the work you will need steel pipe in the amount of 4 pieces, a metal sheet that will form the basis of the tabletop, as well as a metal spring - this is what will become the movable connection. The master needs a corner with dimensions of 50 x 50 mm, which can be replaced with a channel profile. Make sure you have an engine that will have the required power. When vibrating tables are made, specialists prepare a welding machine, a drill, and an angle grinder. To install the engine you will need 4 bolts.
Manufacturing technology
Despite the fact that the vibrating table is a simple design, during the work process you should be guided by the technology described below.
The base on which the tabletop will be fixed should be made from a corner or channel. The dimensions of the vibrating table can be completely different depending on the wishes of the master. We will take standard sizes, which are limited to parameters of 700 x 700 mm. If you decide to use other dimensions, you must remember that they must correspond to the power of the engine used.
When making vibrating tables for paving slabs with your own hands, craftsmen use pipes that act as legs. They should be welded to the base. In order to ensure maximum stability, steel plates must be welded to the legs and reinforced with concrete. If we exclude this stage, then the table will move from place to place during use, while it will be in doubt.
It must be selected individually, but it is important to ensure ease of use with the design. Among other things, the engine must be at a certain distance from the surface of the earth. If you are making vibrating tables, springs should be welded in each corner from the central part. Parts borrowed from a moped are ideal for carrying out this work. They must first be cut in half.
A sheet of metal should be placed on top of the spring. You should use a material that has a thickness of eight millimeters or more. Bolts will be needed to secure it to the engine sheet. If you follow these recommendations, you will be able to make a table that will help you produce up to 60 square meters of products within 24 hours.
Engine selection
Before you make a vibration table with your own hands, you need to think about what kind of engine will be used. The one borrowed from the washing machine is quite suitable for this. Despite the fact that it works properly, it has a rather significant drawback, which is its fragility. Such a motor can withstand only about thirty operating cycles. After this, the axle becomes loose or the bearing jams. That is why there is an opinion expressed by home craftsmen that such engines are not able to last long under conditions of increased loads, which turn out to be a vibrating table.
As an alternative solution, you can use a 220 volt IV-99 E vibrator. It is sold in stores of relevant goods for 6,000 rubles. This design copes quite well with the tasks assigned to it.
Among other things, it is important to prepare a drawing of the vibrating table; it will help complete the work correctly.
If you draw up a similar diagram, then it should indicate the location of the potentiometer alternating current, which will regulate the strength of vibration. In the process of changing the voltage level, it will be possible to adjust the oscillation frequency to a specific type of solution used. However, many craftsmen, thinking about how to make a vibration table with their own hands, decide to save money by using only the engine.
Secrets of the work
It is important to make a table that is not only durable, but also sufficiently resistant to vibration. This is the only way the structure will be able to withstand the loads. The motor must be installed in a specific location. Sometimes it can only be determined experimentally. The tabletop will consist of a rectangular frame and a steel sheet. It is sometimes equipped with an additional frame on which the vibration source is mounted. Springs for the vibrating table will provide limited mobility tabletop, so their choice should be taken seriously.
Conclusion
In addition to the springs mentioned, it is permissible to use loops made of durable rope. Rope will also do. Four similar connections located at the corners of the base will allow the platform located on top to be centered. When choosing a vibration motor for a vibrating table, you should take into account that it should not provide an excessively strong displacement of the tabletop relative to its original position. Otherwise, there will be no way to prevent spilling of the solution that was distributed into the molds. That is why it is recommended to first consider factory models.
For high quality workmanship To create paving slabs or sections of a concrete fence with your own hands, you need a vibrating table, which you can purchase or you can make yourself. It is easy to make and economically feasible. Most of the materials for it are available in any workshop or garage.
Studying prices for paving slabs and concrete fences, many decide to make them themselves. Firstly, it is profitable, and secondly, you can make good money on subsequent production, especially if you live in an area with a lot of new buildings and empty lots. To implement the idea, just select the shapes and make a vibrating table.
Nuances when preparing for work
Despite the fact that all methods for making a vibrating table are largely similar, there are nuances that need to be clarified at the stage of creating the drawing. So that you don’t have to redo everything after launching, let’s look at the main ones.
Selecting the engine
A special vibration motor can be purchased at the store, but it is not cheap. Most people prefer to purchase engines from friends from washing machines or find suitable option in the garage. In general, you can rely on the following indicators: for large tables weighing 200-250 kg and a tabletop length from a meter to two - a motor from 0.75 to 1.1 kW. For small vibrating tables up to two hundred kilograms and a size of 1x1 meter or less - a power of 0.23 kW.
Do not forget that low-power motors are not intended for mass production and can withstand about 30 cycles, after which the bearings will have to be changed, and the axle may also become loose.
What material to choose for the countertop
Metal is most often used, since it is easier to clean the solution, but in our example we will show the option with an OSB board. The material was not chosen by chance; the main goal was to lighten the structure. The plate does not carry a structural load, but only serves to protect the engine and vibration mechanism from the solution getting on them, so there is no need to make it out of metal.
When choosing a metal, pay attention not only to the dimensions, but also to the weight of the slab. If the engine is powerful and the tabletop is made of thin metal- it can be torn off or bent. If you choose thick metal and a motor from a washing machine, its power will not be enough to create the desired vibration.
Base shape
Factory tables are supported on four legs, our example will show an H-shaped base. In terms of strength and stability, it is not inferior to classic form, but in this way it was possible to achieve a convenient approach from any point. When dragging mortar or tiles, a person does not cling to the partitions, and manufacturing costs are significantly reduced. At classic version Not only do you have to weld the frame, but you also have to reinforce it with cross-shaped planks.
To make sections of fences, you will have to make an oblong vibrating table, a little more than two meters long, and for tiles a small one, up to 50x50 cm, will be suitable. Everyone selects the height according to their height.
Springs or rubber cushions
Rubber pads or springs are used to make a vibrating table. If the table is made for yourself and runs on a low-power motor, you can install rubber cushions. Large tiles or fences require springs.
When there is strong vibration, the plate collides with hard rubber. These impacts will eventually destroy not only the cushion, but also the tabletop itself. In addition, the impacts are transferred to the frame and if you do not weld the platform legs, they will break the floor or enter the ground unevenly.
You can get springs for free by asking your friends. Others simply buy springs from a moped or car on the market and cut them in half. They should be from 8 to 12 cm in height. Soft springs create less noise, but can be strongly compressed. Considering that they are selected empirically, it is better not to take risks.
To check whether the springs are suitable or not, in the assembled state, load the platform with a weight twice the planned load. In this state, the tabletop should not come into contact with the glass under the springs.
Two motors or one with eccentric regulation
There is a situation when a person found two old motors from washing machines and decided to install them on a vibration table. Such engines will work normally provided that they are absolutely identical. Otherwise, different frequencies will lead to “boiling” of the concrete.
Some deliberately take this step, planning to regulate the strength of vibration by turning on one or two motors at the same time. It is better to purchase one powerful one and adjust the force with eccentrics, this will reduce the percentage of defects.
Tools and materials for making a vibrating table
Since the vibration mode is very aggressive, the material for the future table must be chosen with a margin of safety.
To make a vibrating table you will need:
- 12 meters profile pipe size 100x80 mm;
- quarter square meter metal sheet 12 mm thick;
- round bars with a diameter of 40 mm and a length of 400 mm;
- round bars with a diameter of 100 mm and a length of 150 mm;
- four bolts 20x100;
- metal screws;
- engine 2800 rpm 1 kW;
- machine;
- cable.
Necessary tools for work:
- Bulgarian;
- a set of locksmith tools;
- square;
- ruler;
- electrodes;
- cutting wheels.
Step-by-step instructions for assembling a vibrating table
For the base, we cut six pieces from a 100x80 pipe, 600 mm long, and one two-meter piece. For the upper movable plate, we cut four pieces from a 100x80 profile pipe with a length of 440 mm and two pieces of 2200 mm. From a sheet 12 mm thick, cut a rectangular piece measuring 600 by 400 mm.
Now let's start assembling. Let's start with the base, which consists of two H-shaped supports, placed on their sides and rigidly connected to each other by a crossbar by welding, from pipe sections 600 mm long.
20x100 screws are installed on the lower horizontal of the supports to adjust the table level. On the top ones, 6 pieces of pipe are welded, 1 cm high and with a diameter suitable for the springs.
Springs from engine valves of a ZIL car or any other heavy-duty vehicle are well suited for this. Three pieces of tubes are welded onto each support. The tubes act as cups for the springs.
The top plate of the vibrating table is a rigidly welded rectangular frame, along the edges of which sections of profile pipe 2200 mm long are connected to each other by parts of 440 mm pipes, at equal distances from each other.
A 12 mm sheet measuring 600x400 mm is welded to the frame in the middle, onto which the vibration motor is attached. The same sockets for springs are welded along the edges of the frame as on its lower part. The sockets on both sides must be placed strictly opposite each other so that the springs inserted into them stand vertically.
The peculiarity of this table is that vibration occurs in a horizontal plane, eliminating boiling of the mixture. That is why the vibration mechanism must be made independently, rather than installing a factory one, which has vertical vibration.
The vibrator mechanism itself consists of a bearing cage and a hollow cylinder. Bearings are installed at both ends, and the cylinder itself is welded to a plate on the upper half of the vibrating table.
1 - cylinder; 2 — races for bearings; 3 - bearings; 4 - shaft; 5 — eccentrics; 6 - pulley; 7 - nut
A shaft is pressed into the bearings, onto which a pulley is placed, and two eccentrics are installed on it, which are attached to the pulley with six bolts. Since the bolts are located in a circle at the same distance, this makes it possible to rotate the eccentrics in relation to each other, thereby regulating the force of vibration. All this is secured with a nut screwed onto the thread at the top of the shaft.
On the opposite side of the plate, a flange electric motor is mounted using four bolts. A pulley is pressed onto the motor shaft. Rotation from the engine to the vibration mechanism is transmitted via a textrope belt. All this is covered OSB board, cut to the size of the table.
That's basically it. The table has been tested quite well; over the course of a year, about four hundred tons of concrete were vibrated on it; there were no breakdowns or malfunctions during this time.
Common manufacturing mistakes
Some people do not put springs in glasses, but put them on steel fingers. When vibrating at the moment of pressure, they can move slightly in different directions. This uneven load quickly wears out the springs.
The tabletop is framed around the edges so that the molds do not slide onto the floor, but one corner should be bent for drainage. Then you won’t have to pick out the remaining mortar with a trowel.
To determine where to weld the cups on the frame, you can lubricate the springs with grease and press the frame against them, then marks will remain on its surface.
Take your time and do everything efficiently, then you can sell the equipment and get a lot more money than was invested. Thus, you will not only save on tiles and fences, but also recoup some of the material spent on their manufacture.
Paving slabs are an excellent solution for decoration personal plot. Its use gives the site a neat and well-groomed appearance, and a paving area for recreation or parking will always be clean and dry. The only negative occurs when the estimate for the arrangement is made. The price of paving slabs is not going to fall yet, and the design of paths and platforms can cost a pretty penny.
What is a vibrating table
If you still have an irresistible desire to decorate your yard with tiles, then there is a way to do it inexpensively and efficiently. Tiles are possible. In this case, its price will be several times less than the purchase price, and if you make an effort and do everything according to technology, then the quality of such tiles will not differ from the branded ones.
To do this, you will have to use a concrete mixer and make a vibrating table with your own hands; a drawing and brief explanations of the manufacturing process can be found on the page. This is the largest investment that will have to be made to begin work on building a yard. A concrete mixer doesn’t count, since almost every owner has one, but problems can arise with a vibrating table. A vibrating table is necessary to compact the concrete mixture from which the tiles are cast, and without the compaction process the material will be loose and friable, which will undoubtedly affect the strength and service life of the finished tile.
The vibrating table is designed very simply and you can use different methods to make it. The drawings and photographs that decorate the page show that its design can be different, as well as power and performance. Depending on the tasks assigned, everyone selects a design according to their needs.
The main element of the vibrating table is a motor with an eccentric, which together form a vibrating unit. The vibration mechanism sets in motion a movable plate on which the mold with the solution will be placed during the production process. Under the influence of vibration of the slab, the solution is compacted to a certain limit, after which new forms are installed on the slab.
Main characteristics of the vibrating table
To make a simple vibrating table, you need to prepare a set of materials and tools, and with good skills in working with metal, the structure is assembled in a day and another day is spent on finishing. Materials you will need:
- 4 support stands made of rolled metal (pipe, angle, I-beam);
- sheet of metal with a thickness of at least 3 mm;
- electric motor of any power;
- durable springs made of hardened steel.
Tools, of course, will be necessary, but you can limit yourself to a minimum set of a welding machine, a drill and a grinder.
The main characteristic of a vibrating table is its size. The larger the table, the more forms you can place on it. But then there is a need to increase engine power, since the weight of the tabletop will also increase. Springs are selected empirically, and engine power can start from 250 W. Recommended table dimensions are 1800x800 mm.
Engine on vibration table and drawings
The engine power should not be too high, so many people use motors from washing machines. Its only drawback is its small resource. But if there are no plans to provide tiles to the entire area, then one engine can work properly for several years under average loads. The motor can be modified, since the main weak side its steel bushings or bearings. If you immediately change the bearings to reinforced ones and remove the bushings and replace them with bearings, the table will last even longer.
You can use a ready-made vibrator. IV99, for example, will cost 5-7 thousand, but it is practically eternal, since it has a power reserve and is designed for such work. An excellent addition would be a speed controller. With this, you can adjust the vibration frequency for each batch of tiles separately.
Important details when making a vibrating table
Despite the simplicity of the design, the manufacturing and calculation work requires compliance with some subtleties. Working surface the table must have a mass, which is dictated by the dimensions and materials of manufacture. The weight of the table must correspond to the capabilities of the vibration motor, and the frame itself must be welded strong and rigid.
It is very important to adjust the vibration frequency. If this is not done, the tiles will either be unaesthetic if the amplitude is too large, or they will not be compacted enough. Thus, after spending a few days, the farm will acquire one more useful tool, which will come in handy more than once.
