Seeder for carrots - an overview of ready-made and self-made fixtures. Homemade seeder - do-it-yourself technology for making a seeder yourself

Spring is not only a time of renewal of nature, but also a hot time for gardening and field work, which usually begins with the sowing of seeds into the ground. This activity is quite painstaking and physically difficult, as it forces you to be in an uncomfortable position for a long time, bending over, which causes pain in the lower back. But today there is a way to solve this problem, and its name is a homemade seeder.

Of course, there is nothing easier than buying a seeder in a specialized store, but it is much more economical to make it at home yourself. Moreover, it is not so difficult to do this. seeder in agriculture must meet several basic requirements:

• it should evenly sow seeds in rows and beds;
• sowing seeds with a seeder should be carried out at a certain depth of soil;
• The use of a seeder must ensure that the rows are straight and the specified row spacings are maintained.

The scheme of the seeder is quite simple, although it may differ in some details and additions made based on personal needs. A homemade seeder consists of a seed tank mounted on a long handle. Very often it is supplemented with a small metal device resembling a chopper in shape, which allows you to fill the ground. Seeders are single-row and multi-row, designed for sowing several flat beds. In this case, several seed tanks are used. More complex and intricate models consist of a seed box, a rotating shaft, a brush to keep the seeds from spoiling and deformation and adjustment of the seeding density, a handle, wheels and a coulter. However, their device is quite complicated and not everyone can do it at home. Let's look at how to make a seeder, using the example of the simplest, single-row manual seeder and a more complex mechanism designed for different categories of seeds.

What you need to make a simple do-it-yourself manual seeder

To make a seeder with your own hands, it is best to prepare in advance and have the following materials on hand:

• a plastic container for seeds, or an ordinary flat plastic jar, for example, from under fish or mussels. The use of a plastic jar is convenient because of its transparency, which allows you to see and control the presence and number of seeds inside, and because of its lightness;
• a bolt that will act as an axis on which our jar of seeds will rotate as it moves along the garden;
• scrap plastic pipe, corresponding in length to the depth of the jar;
• a piece of metal tube, with a diameter slightly smaller than a plastic one;
• two washers for fixing the jar;
• a metal can from canned food (or part of it) for making a door that covers the window for filling inside the jar required amount seeds;
• a piece of aluminum wire;
• wooden handle of a convenient length for you;
• a piece of metal for making an impromptu chopper, or opener.

How to make a simple planter in 10 steps

Our product is quite simple in execution. However, in order to avoid unnecessary difficulties in the process, we will try to describe in as much detail as possible all the work on making a manual seeder with our own hands.

1. We measure on our plastic jar and mark the center. Right in the center, carefully drill through hole. The stability and performance of the entire device depends on the accuracy at this stage of assembly.
2. We remove the cover. We make another small triangular-shaped hole on the side of the through one, which is necessary for filling the seeds inside.
3. In order to prevent the seeds from spilling out during the operation of the seeder, we cut out an improvised valve from a metal tin can, slightly larger in size than our hole for filling the seeds. It will act as a cover.
4. We fix our valve with aluminum wire so that it is possible to open and close the seed filling window by rotating the valve back and forth.
5. In the center of the jar we place a piece of plastic drainpipe. This will prevent the seeds from spilling out during operation, on the one hand, and on the other hand, it will prevent the jar from shrinking inward when the bolt is tightened.
6. We insert our trim into a plastic tube metal pipe. Now we have made a kind of bearing, thanks to which the jar-reservoir will be able to rotate freely when moving forward.
7. Now you can insert a long bolt into the metal pipe and tighten it with a nut, having previously placed two washers at both ends of the can. This will ensure that our planter is able to rotate freely when moving.
8. On the side of the jar, make marks with a pencil at a distance of approximately 3 cm from each other. We make holes with a pre-hot nail. When choosing a nail, it is important to consider the size of the seeds that our planter is designed for. Small holes will cause large seeds to get stuck, and large holes will cause too small seeds to spill out. This leaves the bulk of the work behind.
9. It's the turn of the pen. We drill a hole for the bolt at the end of the wooden handle we have chosen. Now we fasten it to our impromptu seeder.
10. It remains to take care of filling the seeds with earth after sowing them in the ground. This will further automate sowing work and reduce physical stress on the gardener. To do this, cut out a piece from a piece of metal that resembles a chopper in shape. We bend it a little so that it can rake in the ground. Then we fix our chopper on the handle a little higher than the can.

Everything, the manual single-row seeder is ready for use in agricultural work.

The principle of operation, the advantages and disadvantages of using the simplest manual seeder

The principle of operation of a manual seeder is very simple. With a chopper we make a furrow in the ground, as in the usual sowing of seeds. Then we insert our seeder into this furrow and start moving forward. The seeder rotates, sowing seeds at an equal distance. And the device in the form of a chopper immediately falls asleep with the sown soil, saving the gardener from this part of the work too. As you can see, there are benefits from such process automation. Firstly, a do-it-yourself seeder allows you to save time and energy on sowing large areas. Secondly, it also saves seeds. The tank made from a plastic jar allows you to see and control the presence of seeds in the tank and their quantity. No doubt it is very useful invention, adapted for the manufacture and use in almost every household. The undoubted advantage is the ease of manufacture and use, as well as the availability Supplies. However, there is a significant drawback - this seeder is designed for only one certain size of seeds, which makes it unsuitable for sowing all the others. Therefore, in order to sow a garden efficiently and quickly, and most importantly, economically, you will have to make several such seeders with different hole diameters on the side of the product. On the other hand, a model of a seeder that is more complex in design successfully fulfills this condition as well. Therefore, consider another model of the seeder.

Manufacturing technology of a universal mechanical seeder

The complex process of creating a universal mechanical seeder can also be divided into several stages, dwelling on each of them in detail:

1. For the manufacture of the main working mechanism - the sowing shaft - you will need an aluminum tube with a diameter of 28 mm. Three rows of holes of different diameters are drilled on it. Each row corresponds to the diameter of certain seeds. 1 row has a diameter of 4.5 mm and consists of 8 holes. It is intended for sowing parsley, carrots, lettuce, sorrel and similar crops. The 2nd row contains 16 cells of 5.5 mm each, intended for sowing onions into the ground. The 3rd row consists of 5 holes with a diameter of 8.2 mm, used for planting larger seeds, such as peas, table beets, for example. To select a row, the seeding shaft moves horizontally relative to the seed hopper.
2. Let's move on to the manufacture of the seed tank. To do this, we use sheet galvanized steel with a thickness of 0.5 mm. This box is 80 by 70 mm and 40 mm high. Its lower part, intended for passing seeds into the sowing shaft, is made in the form of a truncated trapezoid with a small hole at the bottom. All joints of the seed hopper are carefully sealed. Further, the hopper is attached to the seeder frame with two M5 bolts and an M6 screw, which is also a brush mount. The brush is located at the bottom of the hopper. With its help, the density of sowing is regulated. This is done by moving the brush up or down in relation to the seeding shaft.
3. For better visibility and control over the amount of seeds in the hopper, the cover to it is made of plexiglass. It is intended to protect the seeds from scattering or blowing. The lid is attached to the front of the hopper by means of a furniture hinge (as on the doors), and is equipped with eccentric latch for locking in the closed position.
4. The frame of the seeder is made of sheet steel with a thickness of 2.5 mm. Its size is 78 by 85 mm. The length of the side parts is 90 mm, and in front and behind it is equal to the length of the seed hopper, i.e. 40 mm. Holes with a diameter of 28.05 mm are drilled in the lower side parts for bearings, into which the seeding shaft is inserted. A bracket for the handle of our seeder is welded to the front of the frame.
5. In the manufacture of the coulter, a sheet is used of stainless steel 0.8 mm thick. The coulter is attached to the frame with two M5 bolts. Its length is 90 mm. The coulter is bent in the center to form a kind of gutter that does not allow the seeds to scatter during planting, but to occupy a strictly defined place in the row in the garden.
6. Another component of a homemade seeder is, of course, the wheels. We take ready-made nylon wheels. They are also driven by our rotating seeding shaft.

Here, in general, and all. Do-it-yourself mechanical universal seeder is ready. It remains only to consider in more detail the principle of its work.

How does a mechanical universal seeder work, its advantages

We make longitudinal furrows on the soil with a rake, determining with them a place for future beds. Set up the seeder by selecting and fixing a row on the seeding shaft and moving the brush. Pour the seeds into the hopper and close the lid, fixing it with a latch. Then we put the seeder with both wheels on the furrows and begin to move forward. This allows the coulter to evenly rake the soil to the desired planting depth. You can adjust the depth of sowing seeds into the ground by turning the seeder handle up or down. The most optimal planting depth of 2.5-3mm is achieved when the transparent hopper cover is parallel to the ground. As you can see, all the basic requirements for a homemade seeder and listed at the beginning of the article are met. The advantages of a universal mechanical seeder are ease of operation, greater coverage of work due to several rows on the sowing shaft, economy in terms of seeds and time for sowing. The disadvantage is a rather complicated assembly mechanism that is not available to everyone.

It becomes clear that the first considered version of the do-it-yourself seeder is most rational to use in small gardens or summer cottages. For larger areas of crops, the advantage should, of course, be given to a mechanical universal seeder. Moreover, this type of seeder will successfully replace several simple homemade devices. But, despite the disadvantages of both options, it is clear that the seeder is an excellent device that allows you to make the hard work of the gardener much easier and more efficient, and the beds in the garden - ideally straight and evenly spaced, which will facilitate the further work of the agricultural worker in weeding and harvesting.

Seeder with your own hands. Video

The manual seeder is a convenient and simple sowing unit used by small farmers, owners of summer cottages and household plots. Having simple settings and used for sowing vegetables and herbs, it can be either purchased at a specialized store or made independently.

Description

The simplest single-row manual precision seed drill consists of the following parts:

• Funnel-shaped hopper for seeds with a capacity of up to 1 liter (1-1.5 kg);
• 2-support driven metal wheels with lugs, with protrusions 1-3 cm high;
• Seeding sleeve (drum) with holes with a diameter of 3-5 mm, located on the same shaft with drive wheels;
• Opener wedge-shaped;
• Mounts for the handle in the form of a tube, screwed into the front of the seed hopper.

In addition to such a simple design, there is also another, more advanced and reliable. The single-row model of such a seeder consists of:

• Rectangular frame;
• Seed hopper up to 2 liters with a tight-fitting lid;
• Seeding unit - a bushing mounted on a shaft with an asterisk for chain drive. At the same time, the sizes of the holes on the sleeve range from 3-4 to 16-18 mm;
• Opener with a harrow installed behind it for filling the furrow with the seeds laid in it;
• Front drive wheel;
• Drive chain mounted on the sprockets of the front wheel and seeding unit;
• A wide rear press wheel with a bracket for cleaning it from dirt and adhering wet soil;
• Marker for adjusting row spacing;
• Forked handle with length adjustment.

Such seeders produce sowing of such vegetable crops, How:

• Eggplant;
• Peas;
• Carrot;
• Cucumber;
• Pepper;
• Parsley;
• Radish;
• Beet;
• tomatoes;
• Beans.

Also, with the help of such seeders, you can sow rows of herbs-melliferous plants: alfalfa, sweet clover.

manual seeder

Important! For sowing non-standard seeds, many practical gardeners buy bushings without any recesses and make holes in them of the appropriate diameter on their own.

Among the types of manual seeders described above, the former are used for sowing small beds of small-seeded crops in greenhouses and greenhouses, while the more productive second ones are used for sowing large-seeded vegetable crops in open ground.

Principle of operation

The mechanical precision seeder of the simplest type works as follows:

• A seeding sleeve with holes for a particular crop is mounted on the drive shaft
• Seeds are poured into the bunker;
• With the help of a marker (for seeders of the second type described above), the row spacing is set
• The seeder is installed at the beginning of the first row of the sown area;
• With a smooth and jerk-free movement, the seeder is set in motion;
• The process of sowing seeds hidden from the human eye occurs as follows: each seed fits tightly into the hole in the sleeve, then, as it rotates, falls into the groove made by the harrower and falls asleep.
• With a press wheel at the rear of the planter, mounted exactly in the center of the row being sown, the soil above the seeds is thoroughly compacted. This improves the contact of the seed material with the soil, accelerates its germination, absorption of nutrients and moisture by the sprout and its root system.
• When working with such an aggregate, the sower must periodically check the amount of seeds in the hopper, filling it with new ones if necessary.
• After sowing is completed, the remaining seeds are poured out of the hopper, the sowing sleeve, coulter, harrow, support wheels are removed and cleaned. The drive chain and sprockets are periodically lubricated with special grease.

Important! When operating the planter, check the coulter, which may be clogged with grass or damp soil. If such an operation is not performed, gaps may appear - unsown places that can only be detected when shoots appear.

When the seeder is working, it is necessary to check the coulter

Characteristics

The manual precision seeder has the following characteristics:

• Number of sowing units (rows) – y modern models it ranges from 1 to 5-7;
• Type of sowing device - sleeve or brush;

Important! The brush metering unit consists of a drum with brushes and a calibration disk mounted outside the hopper. The principle of its operation is as follows: when the drum with brushes rotates, the seeds fill the space between them and are pushed into a certain hole in the calibration disk, which is installed opposite the outlet window of the sowing unit.

• Type of harrow - most manual sowing units are equipped with lamellar harrows;
• Opener type - wedge-shaped (naralnikovy);
• Capture width - in multi-row (2 or more row seeders), this characteristic averages 7-8 cm. In single-row units, the row spacing is adjusted by changing the length of the marker and can be up to 50-60 cm;
• Seeding depth - from 1 to 5 cm;
• Capacity (volume) of the seed hopper - the seed hopper of various units can hold from 0.4-0.5 to 2 liters of seed material;
• The type of transmission of rotation from the drive wheel (wheels) to the sowing unit is direct (the sowing units are located on the same axis as the drive wheels) or chain (the sowing unit is connected to the drive wheel by means of two sprockets and a chain);
• The recommended speed of the seeder is 3-4 km/h;
• Productivity - from 2-3 to 10-12 acres / h.

Important! When typing in the search for this unit, the service often gives an option in the search hint such as “sekisvalni seeder”. Following this hint will not bring any benefit to the user, as it relates to the field of dating, erotic videos, and photographic materials for adults.

Manual precision seeder

Adjustment

In manual seeders for seeds before sowing, the following settings are made:

• Seeding rates;
• Seed planting depths;
• Row spacing.

These settings are very important for quality sowing.

Seeding rate

Seeding Rate Accuracy various types sowing units are regulated in their own way:

• In sleeve sowing units, the seeding rate is regulated by the selection of a sleeve with the corresponding holes and the pitch between them;

Important! In order to make a sleeve with non-standard holes and a pitch, you can buy a blank and, having marked it according to the given parameters, make recesses (holes for seeds) of the required diameter.

• In brush metering units, the seeding rate is adjusted using a calibration disc with holes. The sowing rate is adjusted by setting the corresponding hole on the calibration disk opposite the output window of the sowing unit.

Embedding depth

The seed placement depth is adjustable in seeders with a chain drive of the sowing unit. The adjustment process is as follows:

• The seeder is installed on a flat area;
• A plate with a thickness equal to the planned sowing depth is placed under the rear press wheel;
• Using the adjusting bolts, the coulter is lowered until it touches the floor. At the same time, not the tip of the coulter should touch the floor, but its entire lower plane.

Row spacing

The row spacing is adjusted by changing the distance between the metering units or by extending the marker. The latter option is more convenient and allows you to make large aisles when sowing, for example, a crop such as corn.

Manufacturers

Among the manufacturers of manual seeders, the most famous brands are such as:

• "ROSTA";
• "GARDENA";
• SOLO.

Do-it-yourself seeder

You can make a homemade precision seed drill with your own hands using the following technology:

• A seed hopper of the required volume with a lid is made from tin;
• In the lower part of the hopper, a hole is made for the shaft of the sowing machine;
• Two bearings are welded on the outside of the hopper on both sides. They are welded in such a way that the center of their inner diameter coincides with the center of the hole for the sowing machine shaft.
• An asterisk is welded to a metal axis 4-5 cm longer than the seeding coil. On the other side of the shaft, a hole is made for the stopper - a cotter pin.
• A seed box with a coulter from an old pneumatic seeder is attached to the bottom of the hopper;
• A rectangular frame with two crossbars is cooked from a corner or plates. The short ends are not welded.
• A comfortable two-horned handle with length adjustment is welded to the frame;
• In front of the frame, a wheel from a bicycle is mounted - a clamshell with an asterisk;
• A wide metal wheel is attached to the rear of the frame;
• The bunker with a seed box and a coulter is welded to the frame cross members;
• Sowing sleeves with holes for various crops are made from round cross-section of ebonite or dense plastic blanks. A hole of the same diameter as the driven shaft with an asterisk is drilled in the center of the resulting bushing.
• The sleeve is inserted into the neck of the hopper, a shaft with an asterisk is passed through it, which is locked with a cotter pin from the outside;
• A chain is put on the sprockets of the shaft of the sowing unit and the drive wheel;
• Before starting work, the chain and sprockets are lubricated with special grease.

Important! You can make a roomy and comfortable planter from a separate section of an old corn or vegetable planter. To do this, it is necessary to make a handle in the rear part and install a wheel with an asterisk in the front part of the section and connect it with a chain to the seeding device shaft. Due to its heavy weight, such a seeder is not convenient for a girl, a physically weak teenager, an old man. At the same time, its reliability and durability will be many times higher than that of other home-made counterparts.

Manual seeder for vegetable crops and small seeds (herbs and lawn mixtures) is a handy device that will greatly facilitate the sowing campaign both in a small area or in a greenhouse, and in medium-sized areas where there are no access roads for tractors. Any of the household can use such a seeder - even a teenager. It has no dangerous moving parts and is easy and time-saving to set up. Such a technique is economically beneficial - each vegetable grown with its use will have lower labor costs and cost compared to manual sowing.

A fully functional seeder is made from improvised materials: cans, plastic bottles, other recyclables. A tool made of metal plates is intended for large farms, where the goal is the industrial scale of growing vegetables and herbs. Making a metal seeder requires professional skills, but this tool can also be made by hand, especially if they are gold.

A seeder for carrots must perform the following functions:

• sowing in rows without gaps;
• evenly (through a certain interval) distribute the seeds in rows;
• issue a certain amount seed for 1 running meter(in pieces, grams);
• lay seeds at a specified depth in the soil;
• do not damage the seed;
• fill the grooves with loose soil after laying.

How to make a manual seeder out of metal

Manual seeder made of metal - a prototype, in terms of functionality and design close to the tools made in the factory. This mechanical device is useful for large farms, greenhouses that grow carrots and other vegetables on an industrial scale. As a result, sowing time is reduced, labor costs are saved by reducing the time for thinning seedlings. Seeds are sown in a row, after a certain interval, which is adjusted manually. Seeder control principle - mechanical, manual.

The principle of operation of the manual seeder

When pushing the seeder, the wheels rotate, and with them the shaft, which, in turn, performs the function of a dispenser. On the shaft there are small recesses into which the seeds fall. Turning around the axis, the roller takes the portion from the bunker. When passing the brush, the excess seed is removed from the recesses and one seed remains in them. With further turning of the wheels and the shaft, the seeds fall out of the niche directly into the prepared furrow.

The advantage of a manual seeder is that recesses of different diameters are usually made on one shaft in a certain order. This allows you to sow the seeds of various vegetable crops, such as carrots, beets, greens, peas, beans, etc. If necessary, the cell size and their number are reduced with natural wax.

Yulia Petrichenko, expert

In the manufacture of a seeder, recesses are made taking into account the required distance between seedlings of crops. Also, the length of the shaft, and, consequently, the distance between the furrows, can be made more or less than indicated in the drawing.

It should be remembered that the maximum length, diameter of the shaft and wheels are dependent on each other. Specify the parameters by carrying out mathematical calculations.

Materials and tools

To make a seed drill you will need:

1. Sheet steel 1.5 mm thick.
2. Scissors, hacksaw for metal.
3. Soldering iron and hard solder.
4. Short bushings.
5. 1 mm thick steel strip for slider.
6. Metal plate 0.1 mm thick.
7. Brass rod with a diameter of 15 mm or a nut with an internal thread diameter of 8 mm.
8. Steel solid bar with a diameter of 18 mm.
9. Metal bushings 1 mm thick - for wheel hubs.
10. Locksmith tools: pincers, pliers, lathe, ruler.
11. Drilling machine or hand power tool.
12. Wooden handle.

Since the work is supposed to be serious, a person with certain skills should be involved in the preparation, assembly, and processing of parts. It requires technical knowledge, the ability to read drawings and work with metal and plumbing tools.

Drawing homemade manual seeder

Despite the seeming complexity of making a manual metal seeder, the whole difficulty lies in correctly cutting and processing the parts. Following the drawing, any person with golden hands will quickly assemble the necessary and necessary tool in gardening.

Calculation of planter parameters

We determine the approximate number of recesses on the shaft for seeds according to the formula:

n = (3,14.D.q.i)/(W.K),

where D - wheel diameter, m; q - the required number of seeds per 1 linear meter of furrow, pcs.; i- gear ratio from the wheels to the shaft, when installed in the same level, it is equal to the length of the shaft; B - germination of the sown material, in shares; K - coefficient taking into account the viscosity of the soil and wheel slip (taken equal to 0.96 ... 0.98).

where d - shaft diameter, m; n is the number of rows.

When choosing the parameters of the seeder, consider the following: larger diameter shaft, the better is the capture of seeds and distribution in the recesses. Therefore, sowing occurs more evenly. With this in mind, choose a shaft with a diameter of at least 40 mm.

Step-by-step instructions: do-it-yourself manual seeder

The main stages of preparation:

1. From sheet metal 1.5 mm thick, cut blanks according to the drawing: wheel disks, hopper walls and others. Sand the edges and holes if necessary.
2. Connect the body parts along the lines, solder with hard solder.
3. Solder the sliding supports - short bushings - into the holes of the side parts.
4. Between back wall and shaft make a minimum clearance.
5. Solder a sleeve for a wooden handle on the outside of the front wall. From the inside, in the upper part, install the bracket for the adjusting nut from above, for the slider guide - from below.
6. Make a slider from a strip of steel 1 mm thick and bend it as shown in the drawing. Solder a brush from a thin steel strip 0.1 mm to the part.
7. from brass to lathe turn the adjusting nut with a 0.8 mm collar.
8. A shaft with 45 degree chamfers on both sides is machined from a steel bar with a diameter of 18 mm.
9. On the shaft, drill 6-8 notches with a diameter of not more than 0.4 mm (for carrots), 0.6 mm (for larger seeds). Maintain a distance between rows of at least 20 mm and make notches in a checkerboard pattern, then the seeds will be distributed evenly in the furrows. On one shaft in this design, 2 rows are provided. If more seed spacing is needed, leave one row and increase the spacing between the holes. Accordingly, the number of cells will decrease to 3-4.
10. Saw the wheel rims along the outer diameter with a hacksaw or scissors towards the center at the points where the center line of holes with a diameter of 10 mm passes. The number of cuts is equal to the number of holes (12). Bend each petal with pliers outward at an angle of 45 degrees.
11. Cut out the wheel hubs from 1 mm thick metal, bend and solder into the holes of the discs with a diameter of 20 mm.
12. Assemble the seeder in the following order: put the body on the shaft, then the wheels, fix the parts, put the wooden handle.

A simple seeder for carrots from improvised materials

People say: "For a good owner, everything goes into business." So a single-row seeder for small seeds can be made with your own hands from recycled materials. Author convenient fixture is Alexander Ivanovich Boldarev from Cherkasy.

Materials and tools

To make a smart planter you will need:

1. Shaft - metal or plastic from a thick-walled water pipe.
2. Wheel - from an empty tin can. Also suitable are wheels from a children's bicycle, etc.
3. Retaining rings for the wheel.
4. Bunker - from a plastic bottle, a food container, an empty shampoo bottle.
5. Foam rubber.
6. Screw M4 - 4-8 pcs.
7. Nut M4 - 4-8 pcs.
8. Transport bracket - 1 pc.
9. The handle is wooden.
10. Restrictive ring (or clamp) - 2-4 pcs.

Tools and fixtures for work:

1. Screwdriver.
2. Drill (can be manual).
3. Drills of different diameters.
4. Knife and scissors.

Scheme of a seeder from improvised materials

Instructions: how to assemble the seeder

1. Prepare all parts according to the drawing. Start with the shaft. In the middle of the plastic pipe, drill holes of different diameters with a drill - for large and small seeds. Attention! Do not drill through the pipe.
2. Make wheels out of empty cans. For better grip on the soil, rubber rings can be put on the wheels in several rows. In the middle, cut a hole along the diameter of the shaft with scissors.
3. Cut the hopper out of a plastic bottle: cut off the bottom, make holes for the shaft in the walls on two opposite sides. The neck of the bottle should look down.
4. Slide the hopper onto the shaft. Lay the foam rubber and glue it to the walls of the bottle so that excess seeds are removed from the shaft when turning. That is, after passing through the foam brush, the shaft should give out cells with 1-2 seeds in each.
5. Fasten the transport bracket to the shaft.
6. Put the wheels on the shaft, fix with screws.
7. Fix the hopper - attach with screws to the bracket through the metal plate. When the shaft rotates, the hopper must remain in place.
8. Insert a wood handle.

A simple seeder for carrots and other vegetables greatly reduces labor costs. Sowing time is reduced to a few minutes per bed. The one-time cost of making a seeder is more than offset by the quick and easy planting of the future crop. The service life of such a device is at least 5 years.

And what seeder do you use for planting carrots, herbs, vegetables? Share your secret with readers in the comments below.

Probably, any gardener sooner or later thinks about how to make his work easier on personal plot. Various trifles, tedious, the same type of work take a lot of time and effort. One of these types of work is the planting of crops that have very small seeds.

It is no secret that radishes, carrots, etc. must be planted at some distance from each other in order to harvest a decent harvest in the fall. And because of the small seeds of these crops, it is necessary to thicken the sowing, and after germination, thin it out, that is, spend more seeds in the spring only to then simply pull out up to 80% of the future crop.

Ways to evenly sow seeds

What tricks summer residents do not go to at least slightly reduce seed consumption and ensure more or less uniform sowing of crops. Let's look at some of them.

1. Mixing seeds with sand. This method assumes that "diluting" the seeds with clean river sand will provide them with less consumption. The method does not always justify itself, because it is necessary to ensure that the seeds are mixed evenly, otherwise, the garden will still have the same thickened plantings with obvious “bald spots” where only clean sand has fallen into the ground.
2. Sticking seeds on thin strips toilet paper. This method involves a rather painstaking work, which also can not always be justified. If you are 100% sure that the germination of your seeds is high enough, then you can safely use it. And if not? All your hard work will go down the drain.
3. Use of manual seed drills. Probably the most convenient way of planting, which does not require any preparation in advance and significantly saves both seeds and time resources. The only problem is that commercially available seeders are not very efficient - they are usually primitive cones with latches through which seeds are poured unevenly.

It is much easier to spend some time in the winter and make a manual seeder with your own hands.

Types of seeders

All manual seeders are divided into several types:

• garden;
• fertilizer;
• cereals.

Garden (vegetable manual seeders) are designed for sowing crops in household plots.

Fertilizer - used when spreading mineral fertilizer, as well as lime.

Grain-cereal - are intended mainly for planting grain in agricultural fields of a large area.

Also, the seeder can be single-row and multi-row. From the name it is clear that such seeders, when sowing, "scatter" seeds in one or more rows at the same time.

Purpose of the manual seeder

The main requirements that apply to any seeder, whether it is a store-bought one or a do-it-yourself one:

• uniform distribution of seeds along the entire length of the row;
• reduced seed consumption;
• sowing seeds at a given depth;
• gentle planting without damaging the seed.

Below we consider examples of such seeders that you can do yourself.

Universal manual seeder

It is a box with a movable insert where seeds are poured. Depending on the area of ​​intended plantings and the number of seeds required, this may be Matchbox, a school pencil case, a box from under some kind of toy, etc. At the bottom of this box, a hole of the required diameter is drilled or pierced (approximately the size of the seed).

When planting, it is only necessary to tilt the manual seeder in different directions so that the seeds fall into the hole. This is, so to speak, the most primitive example of a manual seeder.

It can be slightly improved by placing a spring or elastic band between the walls of the movable insert and the main container and drilling two holes already in the upper and lower parts of the container. The upper hole in this case should be slightly larger, and the lower one should match the diameter of the seed. In this case, the holes in the normal position should not coincide with each other. In this case, you can pour any amount of seeds into the upper container: by clicking on it and aligning the holes, you will move a small amount to the lower compartment for planting. The whole sowing procedure will consist of simple actions: tilt - press - move - tilt - press.

Under such a manual precision seeder, you can not only adapt some improvised means, but make it from plexiglass, polystyrene, even plywood (in this case, the plywood must be thoroughly “cleaned” so that the seeds do not cling to uneven edges and fall out without problems). But it is better if the top is still transparent in order to monitor the number of seeds.

Such a manual seeder can be made not one, but several with different size holes for different crops.

Manual seeder for carrots

Another example of a manual seeder for small seeds like carrots. For its manufacture you will need:

1. Piece of electrical box.
2. Micromotor with eccentric.
3. Battery.
4. Button.

Install the motor, battery and button in series on the box, shorting each other. It works quite simply. By pressing the button, we set in motion the motor, which runs on a conventional battery. The motor turns the eccentric, which scatters small seeds over the surface of the soil with air currents. After a little practice, you can achieve good uniformity of sowing with this manual seeder.

Manual seeder for large quantities of seeds

Great for sowing lawn grass, although if you make it small size, it will also serve as a manual precision seed drill for any crop. For its manufacture you will need:

• box for seeds;
• shaft with notches for seeds;
• wheels.

The principle of operation of such a seeder is that when the shaft rotates with wheels, a seed falls from the box into the recess on it, and during rotation, they, alternately passing under the box, fall into the ground. The distance between landings will be determined by the distance between the grooves on the shaft.

You can make such a seeder from sheet iron, soldering the necessary parts together. The distance between the box and the bushing should be minimal, which will prevent falling out a large number seeds. It is enough to make recesses for small seeds by 0.4 mm, for larger ones - 0.6 mm.

It should be said that it is not entirely easy to make such a manual seeder with your own hands, you must have not only materials, but also certain knowledge. In order to achieve the greater efficiency, you can take a seeder as a basis industrial production and according to its scheme to make an independent version.

Manual beet seeder

Consider another way to make a manual seeder for larger seeds, such as beets.

Making such an "assistant" will require a minimum of knowledge from you. So, we need:

• a plastic transparent jar, for example, from canned fish;
• a bolt that will serve as a shaft and rotate the seed container (plastic jar);
• a plastic tube, corresponding in length to the depth of the jar;
• the metal tube is slightly narrower than the diameter of the plastic tube;
• washers to fix the container;
• a metal plate for making a door that will close the hole through which seeds are poured (a can from a tin can is suitable);
• aluminum wire;
• shank of the required length.

Manufacturing

• Exactly in the middle of the plastic jar, drill a hole through, make another one on the side to fill the seeds of a rectangular or triangular shape.
• From the tin, make a lid that will close the second hole. Make sure that it fits snugly against the jar and the seeds do not spill out through it. It is best to fix it from below, and leave the upper part movable. To fill the seeds, you will only need to slide this lid.
• Insert a metal tube into a plastic one and place it in the center of the jar, making a kind of shaft on which the jar of seeds will rotate.
• Secure these tubes with a bolt, placing washers on both sides so that the container rotates freely.
• With a red-hot nail, we make holes of the required diameter at the required distance along the side of the can. It is clear that these sizes will depend on what crops you will sow with it.
• The seeder is ready, it remains to fasten it to a wooden handle. For greater efficiency and automation, it can be placed in front of the chopper. In this case, after sowing, you will immediately cover the seeds with earth with a chopper.

Advantages and disadvantages of homemade manual seeders

It is clear that the main advantage can be considered that a simple seeder can be made very easily from improvised materials with minimal cash costs, and sometimes without them at all.

But simple manual seeders are designed for sowing only one type of crop, more precisely for one size of seeds. Making a universal manual seeder that would fit all sizes is quite difficult and requires certain knowledge and skills in working with metal or plastic.

Shop seeders are basically all of the same type, they differ only in the way they supply seeds, the hole sizes are almost the same. You can independently make devices with different diameters, suitable for all types of garden crops, and almost completely automate the sowing process.

Sowing on large beds will be facilitated by a do-it-yourself seeder. Then all the seeds will be placed in the ground evenly, without bald spots and crowding. Therefore, drawings of such mechanical means assembled by hand. Of course, you can buy the unit in the store. However, a homemade seeder is more economical, easier to use and repair.

Planter Requirements

All homemade mechanisms for sowing must meet the following requirements:

• evenly distribute the seeds;
• maintain the desired depth of the soil;
• ensure row straightness and row spacing.

Adaptation for small seeds (mini seeder) is the dream of summer residents who grow carrots, lettuce, onion sets, i.e. crops with tiny seeds. Seeder for onion sets will save gardeners from tedious thinning. The scheme of this device (photo 1) is simple, it can be adjusted for the comfort of work and obtaining the required results. Onion sets are placed in the seeder from the tank under the seeds. It is placed on the handle. It is rational to supplement it with a metal chopper. She will sprinkle the sowing with earth.

The same device for carrots with your own hands can be made multi-row. Then several beds can be sown at the same time. Craftsmen use several tanks.

Such a multi-row seeder for carrots is assembled from:

• box for seeds;
• rotating shaft;
• adjusting the density of sowing brushes;
• wheels;
• pens;
• coulter.

A more affordable device is a manual single-row model. Using her example, it is easier to understand more complex devices (for example, a do-it-yourself vacuum seeder) designed for different seed calibers.

Simple seeder

The principle of the mechanical solution here is simple - this is to limit the spillage of seed to the outside. For this, an open box is used, but with a double bottom. A movable plate is inserted into this space. The seed is poured onto the bottom of the box, where there is a hole slightly larger than a grain, if it is a grain seeder. And in the lower bottom there is a larger hole, but coinciding with the upper hole. When the middle plate is retracted, these holes do not communicate, the grains do not spill out. By moving the plate, the sower will continue to work. However, it is worth filling in a little seed in order to roll them over the seeder, to avoid crowding the crops.

Often this movable plate is equipped with a spring drive, which, when pressed, will return it. When using a do-it-yourself seeder for small seeds, sowing will accelerate by 10 times.

At self-manufacturing sowing device it is better to use the following materials:

• a plastic tank for grains, ideally a transparent jar, to control the presence of seeds;
• a bolt on which a can filled with seed rotates, moving in beds;
• a piece of plastic pipe, commensurate with the depth of the can;
• a piece of metal pipe, slightly narrower than plastic;
• 2 washers fixing the jar;
• a can door to cover the filling hole;
• aluminum wire;
• wooden handle;
• impromptu chopper.

Seeder in 10 steps

Here's how to make this device yourself.

1. Mark the center on the plastic jar and drill a through hole. Accuracy is important as a guarantee of device performance and stability.
2. Remove the lid and make a triangular hole on the side for filling with grains.
3. So that the seed does not spill out, an impromptu valve (lid) must be cut out of the tin can, a little more than a hole for backfilling. It should be fixed with wire. Rotating, it should be free to close and open.
4. In the center of the jar should be a piece of plastic pipe. It will not allow the bank to shrink from tightening the bolt.
5. A metal tube should be inserted into this cut to get a bearing. The can (reservoir) will begin to rotate. Then it will become clear that the homemade seeder is working properly.
6. Now you need to insert a bolt into this metal tube and tighten it between 2 washers with a nut so that the rotation becomes free.
7. On the side of the jar, 2 holes should be made with a hot nail. The diameter of the nail should be equal to the caliber of the seed of radish, garlic, onion, which is to be sown.

Of course, such a simple and lightweight garlic planter will be more convenient if made with wooden handle. Then it will be easy to drill a bolt hole on it to screw it to a rotating tank. Then it is worth automating the backfilling of crops with earth. A metal part that looks like a chopper will do. It should be bent a little so that it rakes the ground. Then you need to attach it to the handle, but above the tank.

Now the manual single-row seeder for garlic, onion sets or carrots is ready.

The principle of using a manual seeder

A furrow is marked with an ordinary chopper. Then this homemade device is placed on it and pushed forward. The tank rotates, so the grains are sown at an equal distance. A makeshift chopper covers the sown soil. The gain is obvious even in large gardens. There is a saving of effort, time and seeds.

A transparent plastic tank allows you to fix the presence of seeds in it. The design itself is easily adapted to each culture. For example, a do-it-yourself radish planter has smaller holes than for corn. The tank is designed for a specific grain size. Captivating and the availability of manufacturing from improvised parts, ease of use.

However, in order to economically and efficiently sow various crops, 3-4 tanks with holes of different diameters are needed. A seeder for corn should be with large holes, for grain - narrower, and for carrots, even with miniature ones.

Universal Seeder Technology

In photo 2 - a complicated design, universal for all cultures.

The steps for creating such a mechanism are as follows:

1. The sowing shaft is made of aluminum pipe, better diameter 28 mm. It is on it that holes are drilled in 3 rows, but already of different diameters.
2. In this case, one row corresponds to a specific grain caliber. For example, in 1 row there are 8 holes with a size of 4.5 mm in diameter. This is for lettuce, parsley, carrots, sorrel, radish.
3. In the 2nd row there are 16 holes of 5.5 mm for onions. 3 row contains 5 holes of 8.2 mm for peas, beets.
4. To select the desired row, the shaft is moved horizontally relative to the seed hopper.

The tank is made of 0.5 mm galvanized steel. The dimensions of this box are 80x70x40 mm. At the bottom, it passes the grains into the seeding shaft, which is facilitated by the configuration of a truncated trapezoid and a hole. The joints of the box are soldered. Then it is fixed on the frame with two M5 bolts, as well as an M6 screw - a brush mount at the bottom of the hopper, which regulates the sowing density, moving up and down from the shaft.

The transparent cover from plexiglas allows to fill up sowing material in time. Attach it to the front of the bunker furniture hinge and equipped with a latch.

The frame is made of 2.5 mm steel sheet. Strength is necessary, because some craftsmen plan to move the unit using a do-it-yourself connected walk-behind tractor. Its size is 78x85 mm. The length of the sides is 90 mm, and the back and front are 40 mm, i.e. along the length of the bunker itself.

At the bottom, holes for bearings are drilled in the side parts (diameter 28.05 mm). Insert the seeding shaft here. The bracket for the handle is welded to the front of the frame.

A 0.8 mm stainless steel opener is best attached to the frame with two M5 bolts. Its length is 90 mm, and it is bent in the center with a gutter. From this, the seeds fall strictly in their place. It is better to take ready-made nylon wheels. And their axis is still the same sowing shaft.

How the universal planter works

And without a walk-behind tractor, they make furrows under the beds with a rake with their own hands. Fix the desired row on the sowing shaft itself, move the brush. Fall asleep seeds and fix the lid with a latch. Both wheels put the mechanism on the furrows.

Then manually move it forward, and the coulter rakes the earth to the desired depth. Adjust this depth by simply tilting the seeder handle up or down. A depth of 3mm comes out if the tank lid is parallel to the ground. The advantages of this homemade device in ease of application, good performance due to several rows, seed savings.

On plots over 10 acres, a seeder for a minitractor, walk-behind tractor is needed.

Factories produce several varieties of such models:

1. Combined option. Such a do-it-yourself seeder for a walk-behind tractor is adapted, it also introduces fertilizers with seeds.
2. A special model for sowing specific seeds, a home-made seeder for a walk-behind tractor also corresponds to its scheme.
3. The universal unit is designed for seed of any size and culture.

Naturally, a successfully home-made seeder for a walk-behind tractor will only work with strict adherence to technology.

Summarizing

manual homemade model Best used in small gardens. Significant crops are treated with complex universal devices. After all, they will replace a few simple home-made devices.

Innovations are now being offered that combine the benefits of already existing models. For example, a combined unit that also fertilizes crops, plus a universal one (for all crops), plus a do-it-yourself vacuum seeder. Any model is a winning device that saves the gardener from hard work. Its effectiveness is undeniable.