The article contains information about the technology of roofing with bituminous tiles. The device of a roof made of soft tiles, the technology of laying bituminous shingles and the nuances of the installation process are disassembled. Having mastered the information received, you will know what and in what sequence the masters will do and ask the right questions that will show that you understand the topic.
Roof covered with soft tiles Source 999.md
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Lathing for soft tiles
It is necessary to start with the analysis of the crate. Since bituminous tiles are flexible and thin material, lying on any plane exactly repeats all its forms. Therefore, the installation of a flexible roof is carried out only on a continuous crate, assembled either from boards, or from sheet or plate materials, for example, from moisture-resistant plywood or OSB.
The board lathing is laid on the roof truss system, leaving a gap of 1 cm between the boards. This is the so-called compensation gap in case of moisture and temperature expansion of lumber.
Plywood and OSB boards are laid on a sparse crate of boards 20-25 mm thick and 100 mm wide. The installation step of the boards depends on the size of the stacked sheets or slabs. For example, if plywood 125x125 mm is selected for a solid crate, then the installation step of the crate elements should be within 70 cm. That is plywood sheet must lie on three boards, at least.
Solid plank sheathing Source krysha-expert.ru
And two important points:
between the stacked plates or sheets leave a gap of 1 cm;
the panels are laid with an offset of half the element, thus achieving a uniform distribution of loads on all sheets (plates).
Flexible tile installation technology
Like all construction processes, the laying of bituminous tiles is divided into two stages: preparation, and direct installation of roofing material.
On our website you can find contacts of construction companies that offer roofing services of any complexity. You can directly communicate with representatives by visiting the exhibition of houses "Low-Rise Country".
Preparatory work
The first preparatory operation is the installation of a drip. This element, made of painted galvanized steel sheet, is a corner up to 3 m long. The width of each shelf varies between 15-25 cm. .
The dropper is attached to the crate with roofing nails, which are hammered into the upper shelf in a checkerboard pattern every 15 cm. Neighboring planks are overlapped with each other with an offset of at least 3 cm.
Installation of roofing (lining) carpet
First, what is a roofing carpet. This roll material from the category of bitumen-polymer. It is laid on the crate in order to:
Align minor defects of the lathing laid on the rafters.
Increase waterproofing qualities roofing.
Prevent the formation of condensation on the wooden deck.
So, the technology of laying soft tiles on the roof begins with the installation of roofing material. First of all, it is laid in strips on valleys and cornices. But you need to start with the valleys. The lining material has a width of 1 m, so it is laid out so that it covers the slopes from the valley in two directions of 50 cm. At the same time, this type of material is self-adhesive, so the crate under it is not treated with adhesives.
Lining material laid on the valley Source gorizont-k.ru
On our website you can get acquainted with the most popular projects of houses in the decoration of which the ventilated facade technology was used - from construction companies presented at the exhibition of houses "Low-Rise Country".
Then lay the coating on the overhangs along the eaves. At the same time, the vertical hanging shelf of the dropper is half covered. Next, the remaining open area of \u200b\u200bthe roof slope is covered with rolled material. Here are a few nuances:
the strips of the roofing carpet are laid on the already laid ones (on the eaves and on the valley) so that the horizontal joints are overlapped by 10 cm, vertical by 15;
galvanized nails are hammered into each laid strip in places of overlap, that is, the fastener caps must remain under the edge of the adjacent strip, the fastener pitch is 20-25 cm;
the strips of the lining carpet, which cover the main part of the slope, are laid perpendicular to the eaves and the roof ridge, starting from the bottom, rolling the roll up;
each strip is fixed around the perimeter with nails;
to increase the sealing of joints, the edges of the strips are coated bituminous mastic.
Laying lining material on the roof slope Source eltctricon.ru
After the roofing carpet is completely laid, the gable strips are mounted. They close the edges of the laid material along the slope and will subsequently prevent moisture from penetrating under it. Installation of slats is carried out in exactly the same way as in the case of cornice elements.
Now it is necessary to strengthen the waterproofing qualities of the valley, because this element is subjected to the greatest loads from rain and melting snow. To do this, use a valley carpet - a roll-type material made on the basis of a rubber-bitumen composition reinforced with a polyester mesh. It is matched to the color of bituminous tiles.
It is simply laid out on a valley, glued to the lining carpet with bituminous mastic, which is applied under the edges of the material 10 cm wide. An additionally laid strip is punched along the edges with roofing nails. The step between the fasteners is 20-25 cm, the indent from the edges of the strip is 3 cm.
Installation of bituminous tiles
The preparatory stage of the installation of roofing tiles is completed. You can go directly to laying the roofing material itself. The first operation at this stage is the installation of the starting tiles.
In principle, where to start laying (from the middle of the eaves or from the edge), there is no difference. But experts recommend that with long cornices, installation should begin from the middle. Thus, it is easier to level the starting strip horizontally.
What is the start line. This is the same ordinary tile, in which the petals are cut off. Although many manufacturers produce a universal element that covers the roof eaves and its ridge.
Laying the starting strip is carried out along the eaves, stepping back from the edge of the overhang 1.5-2 cm. At the same time, it must necessarily cover the gable strips with its edges. This item is a self-adhesive material. But it must be pierced with roofing nails in the corners and along the perimeter every 20 cm, stepping back from the edges of the strip 2-3 cm. If they use ordinary tiles, on the reverse side of which there is no adhesive composition, then the laid lining carpet under the installation site of the strip must be smeared with bituminous mastic.
Installation of the starting strip Source eltctricon.ru
Installation of ordinary tiles
The main requirement for laying the first row of soft tiles is an indent from the lower edge of the lining carpet, equal to 1 cm. An important requirement is the correct nailing of the material. fastener must not crash into roofing material, it should press it to the crate. Therefore, it is impossible to nail strongly or do it obliquely.
At the same time, each bituminous tile is nailed with four nails. The place of clogging is 2.5 cm from the upper edges of the petals. This is done so that the nail heads remain under the soft tile roofing element laid on top. If the angle of inclination of the roof slope is more than 45 °, then the roofing material is pierced with six nails.
Now, with regard to the layout of ordinary tiles. It all depends on the model of the material used. Eg:
the Jazz model is laid regardless of the location of the petals;
model "Trio", "Sanata" are mounted with an offset of half the petal.
Laying and fastening ordinary tiles Source eltctricon.ru
Valley design
First of all, a valley zone is formed into which nails cannot be hammered. This distance is 30 cm in each direction from the axis of the valley. This is the most vulnerable place, where the accumulation of water is always large. Therefore, it is forbidden to make any holes in this area.
But the tiles themselves are laid, closing the valley area with a small gap of 5 cm. Only in areas where nails cannot be used, bituminous mastic is used. Therefore, these areas are treated with it, applying a width of 10 cm, and the tiles are laid.
Decoration of the pediment
Here the technology is the same:
installation is carried out so that a gap of 1 cm remains from the edge of the laid plank to the roofing material;
flexible tiles are glued to the base and the metal strip with mastic and at the same time fastened with nails.
Connection to the pipe
Chimney, ventilation pipes - elements that are necessarily present on the roofs. The most dangerous area is the junction of these pipes with the roofing material, so it must be hermetically sealed.
To do this, make a pattern of valley material or sheet iron coated with protective paint. But first, the walls of the pipes are closed around the perimeter with sheet metal, which is attached to the pipes with self-tapping screws. The height of such a plinth should be 30 cm.
A strip 50 cm wide is cut out of the valley carpet. It is laid near the pipes so that it covers the plinth (30 cm) and the laid bituminous tiles (20 cm). The method of fastening the strip is bituminous mastic.
An important point. First, the lower side of the pipe is closed in this way (meaning the lower side along the slope), then the two side ones go to the bottom, and at the end the top side goes to the side ones.
Next, the tiles themselves are laid, smearing the laid valley material with mastic. On the sides of the pipe, the tiles are laid so that it does not reach 8 cm from the pipe. It remains only to mount the metal strips, which are installed so that a visor is formed above the pipe walls. Therefore, the shape of the slats is Z-shaped. A strobe is laid on the pipe, where the upper shelf of the element is sunk. The strips are attached to the pipe itself with self-tapping screws. After that, the strobe joint is filled silicone sealant.
Closing the plinth with a valley carpet and shingles Source bouw.ru
Sealing roof penetrations
Small pipes, antennas create joints in the roofing pie through which water can penetrate under the roof structure. When constructing a roof from soft tiles, these passages must also be taken into account. For their sealing use special rubber caps. They are laid so that they go 2 cm onto the laid tiles with their lower edge. A mark is made on the lining carpet where to cut through hole under the pass.
Cut a hole with a jigsaw.
WITH reverse side the cap is applied with bituminous mastic.
The cap is placed in place.
Fix it with roofing nails, punching around the perimeter.
A layer of mastic is applied on top of the skirt of the cap.
Carry out the installation of soft tiles.
The junction of the roofing material and the cap is filled with sealant, which is sprinkled with stone powder on top.
Skate decoration
To cover the roof ridge, a universal element is used, which was used as a starting strip. It is simply cut into three parts, each part is laid along the ridge across, hanging the edges from each slope, and nailed to the crate with roofing nails. The cut parts are laid from bottom to top along the inclined edge of the ridge with an overlap of 3 cm. In order for the cut parts to bend well along the ridge, it is recommended to warm them up a little with a building hair dryer.
How to close the ridge with soft tiles Source yandex.ru
To ensure ventilation of the roof, special ridge elements are used, in the design of which there are slots or holes. Through the latter, there is an outflow of air from under the roof structure.
The ventilation element is installed along the ridge, fastened to the crate with nails, and then bituminous tiles are glued on top.
Video description
How to properly mount shingles on the roof in the video:
Video description
For errors in the installation of shingles, see the following video:
Conclusion on the topic
So, the roof of soft tiles is ready. No other operations are required. the main task manufacturer of works - strictly follow the instructions that are attached to the roofing material. It is necessary to pay attention to the fact that there are certain additions or changes in the ongoing technology for each model of tiles. They are also marked in the instructions.
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Of course, no owner will refuse to have a reliable and at the same time quite affordable roof on his house. A well-planned hand-made installation will not only protect all structures from bad weather and possible damage, but also save a significant amount of financial resources. So, all of these qualities are possessed by an innovative soft roof made of flexible tiles, the basis of which is bitumen. Therefore, it is important to figure out how to properly install the roof of shingles.
It is necessary to study in detail how the flexible tile is laid, the installation technology of which has some peculiarities. Only strict observance at each stage of its laying will allow you to create a reliable and durable roof. It's about technical specifications soft tiles, as well as the method of its installation, will be discussed further.
What is a flexible tile made of?
Roofing made from this material has some other names, such as, for example, shingles, shingles or roofing tiles. The main advantages of such a roof are its low weight (the mass of one sheet is an average of 8 kilograms) and not too high a cost compared to a metal tile. Thanks to the first indicator, the construction of the house is not so massive, which allows you to save on building materials and wages, and the second characteristic allows the roof to seriously compete with other, heavier roofing types.
The basis of such tiles is usually fiberglass or fiberglass (less often - organic cellulose), impregnated with bitumen. These materials perform the functions of the so-called reinforcement, which holds together two layers of the SBS modifier, which directly affects the flexibility and elasticity of the coating. Outside, the material is sprinkled with slate, mineral chips and basalt granulate. They are able not only to protect the material from damage, but also to give it a variety of shades of color.
Tiling preparation work
The basis for soft tiles is chipboard, moisture-resistant plywood or boards. When choosing boards, you need to carefully choose quality material. The best option will be the use of planed grooved boards. If its thickness is 2 centimeters, then the rafter pitch should be 6 meters. With a thickness of 2.5 - 3 centimeters, the step can be 1.2 meters. The minimum thickness of plywood is a distance of 1.2 centimeters (rafter step - 6 meters), with a thickness of 2 centimeters, the rafter step is 1.2 meters. One way or another, the butt points of the material must correspond to the rafter legs. When working with material such as flexible tiles, it is recommended to treat the installation of the base for it with an antiseptic. It is important that the boards used during laying must be dry. The base coat should be hard and even.
In addition to the coating itself and the material for the base, during installation, the following elements cannot be dispensed with:
- underlayment carpet, which can be represented by any bituminous rolled material, provided that the shingle roof is new. For an old roof, roofing material already in use can also be used;
- valley carpet, the role of which is played by bituminous material with the use of polymers, which is necessary to protect against moisture adjunctions to walls and ventilation pipes.
When laying carpet, you must use the following materials:
- roofing sealant or mastic;
- building hot air gun;
- knife for cutting material;
- three types of nails: ordinary, roofing and galvanized;
- building strips required for processing adjoining, cornice and front.
When all the parts have already been assembled and the installation of flexible tiles is being carried out, the instruction requires the following set of rules to be observed during operation:
- Initially from inside roofing, it is necessary to fix the vapor barrier film. The material is attached to the rafter legs with nails, and to the ends - with wooden planks. Film strips are connected with adhesive tape.
- After that, already from the outside, you need to lay a heater, for fixing which it is customary to use wooden blocks.
- A film is laid on the insulation that protects the roof from the wind. For its fasteners, a counter-beam is used, to which it will be necessary to nail the crate.
- After that, boards, chipboard or plywood are laid. Fix the material with nails equipped with a wide hat, or self-tapping screws.
Laying shingles
When arranging a roof with soft tiles, one should first of all start from temperature conditions, since the structure of the material requires a special approach. Only heat, sun and the absence of any precipitation, and installation of flexible tiles in winter is not recommended, as this may lead to falling off a little earlier glued tiles (read: ""). Sometimes in cold weather it is allowed to use a hot air gun for heating the coating sheets. You can also heat the adjacent attic (attic) space.
- Initially, the arrangement of the lining carpet is carried out. It must be spread and nailed along the following sections of the roof:- cornice;
- ;
- valleys;
- skate;
- places of fracture of the roofing slope.
Provided that the slope of the roof is more than 20 degrees, the lining carpet should cover the entire roof area. You need to start work from the bottom, and relative to the crate, the carpet should have a perpendicular arrangement. It is nailed with an overlap (width - 15 centimeters) with a fixing step of 20 centimeters. It is important that each of the joints be carefully treated with bituminous mastic or special roofing sealant. A cornice strip is nailed onto the spread carpet, designed to protect the crate from moisture. If it is not possible to do this, then the cornice strip is simply wrapped under the crate base. They nail it with galvanized nails in increments of 5 centimeters.
- Then work is carried out on the device of the pediment. It is also necessary to nail end strips to it, which are designed to provide wooden crate protection and wick moisture away from the skate. After their installation, you can proceed with the installation of ridge-eaves coating strips, which can be represented simply by soft tiles with cut off extreme parts. They are nailed joint to joint, retreating from the edge of 2.5 centimeters. These areas are recommended to be treated with bitumen-based mastic, with the help of which free edges are also attached. On this stage it is also worth doing the fastening of the drainage elements - brackets that are used under the gutter.
- Flexible roof installation which differs in some features, requires the installation of a valley carpet. It must be laid on top of the main, that is, the second layer. This carpet should be located in junctions, recesses and other places that are optimally suited for the accumulation of excess moisture. It is fastened with galvanized nails in increments of 10 centimeters, and the edges are processed with bituminous mastic. If possible, it is better to use special glue - waterproof.
- It is after completing all these procedures that it is worth proceeding directly to. The material must be from different packages, since the sheets in them have different shade. After installation work is completed, under the influence of the sun, the material will gradually acquire a uniform color. You need to start laying from the bottom of the central section of the slope. The adhesive part of the material must be removed from the protective film, and the coating should be pressed firmly to the base. From above it must be nailed with the help of 4 nails, stepping back from the ridge-cornice strip 4 - 5 centimeters. In this case, the petals of the material should completely cover the perforation of the strip located below. From the edges of the gable line, the coating should be cut to the required length and treated with mastic.
- An extremely important point is also the intersection with the chimney and ventilation systems. In this area, the lining carpet should be installed initially. The ventilation base should be treated with bituminous mastic. Next, you need to select one of the fragments of flexible tiles and make a hole in it corresponding to the ventilation device (read: ""). After finishing laying the coating, the base must be treated again with mastic.
More difficult is the work with the chimney. In the place of its contact with the roof, three triangular rails should be nailed, located at right angles to the pipe. Then a lining carpet is laid around the chimney, which is overlapped and processed with the same mastic (read also: "
The roof made of bituminous soft tiles is easy to use, durable and aesthetic. Its big plus is that self-assembly is quite possible. The technology is not the most complicated, the weight of the fragment is small, it is attached to the adhesive base, additionally fixed with roofing nails. So the installation of soft tiles with your own hands can be done even alone.
Roofing cake for soft tiles
The attic under the roof can be warm or cold, depending on this, the composition of the roofing cake changes. But its part from the rafters and above always remains unchanged:
- waterproofing is stuffed on the rafters;
- on it - bars with a thickness of at least 30 mm;
- solid flooring.
Here we will consider these materials in more detail - from what and how to make, what features each of them has.
Waterproofing
Waterproofing membranes are available in one, two or three layers. Single-layer membranes - the simplest and cheapest, perform only a dual task - do not allow moisture to pass towards the room and release vapors to the outside. So in a simple way not only the attic is protected either from the penetration of condensate or suddenly leaked precipitation, but it is also removed from the air excess moisture accompanying human life. Single-layer membranes are poorly represented on the market. Practically they are produced by one company - Tyvek.
Two and three-layer membranes are more durable. They, in addition to the waterproofing layer, also have a layer that gives greater tensile strength. The third layer, if any, is the absorbent layer. That is, even if a drop of condensate has formed on the surface of the membrane, this layer absorbs it into itself, preventing it from spilling onto other materials. With sufficient ventilation, moisture from this layer gradually evaporates and is carried away by air currents.
Three-layer membranes (for example, EUROTOP N35, RANKKA, YUTAKON) are desirable if your attic is insulated and used as a heater mineral wool. It is afraid of getting wet and with an increase in humidity by 10% loses half of its thermal insulation properties.
If under soft tiles there will be cold attic, it is desirable to use a two-layer waterproofing membrane. In terms of strength, it is much better than single-layer ones, and at a price it is only a little more expensive.
crate
On top of the waterproofing film, parallel to the overhang, the lathing strips are stuffed. They are necessary to create a ventilation gap. It will help maintain the normal humidity of roofing materials.
The crate is made from boards conifers(mainly pine trees). The thickness of the boards is at least 30 mm. This is the minimum gap that will ensure the normal movement of air in the under-roof space. Before laying, the wood must be treated with an impregnation that protects against pests and fungi; after drying this layer, it is also treated with flame retardants, which reduce the combustibility of wood.
The minimum length of the board for the crate is at least two spans of rafters. They are attached and connected above the rafter legs. You can't connect them anywhere else.
Flooring
flooring under soft tiles is made continuous. Materials are selected based on the fact that nails must be driven into it, therefore they are usually used:
- OSB 3;
- moisture resistant plywood;
- tongue-and-groove or edged board of the same thickness (25 mm) with a moisture content of not more than 20%.
When laying flooring under soft tiles, it is necessary to leave gaps between the elements to compensate for thermal expansion. When using plywood or OSB, the gap is 3 mm, between edged boards 1-5 mm. sheet material fasten with a run-out of seams, that is, so that the joints are not continuous. Fasten the OSB with self-tapping screws or ruffed nails.
Using boards as flooring, it is necessary to ensure that the annual rings of the wood are directed downwards. With the reverse arrangement, they will be arched, soft tiles will be lifted, the tightness of the coating may be broken. There is another trick that will keep the wooden flooring even if the moisture content of the boards is above 20%. When laying the ends of the boards, they are additionally fastened with two nails or self-tapping screws hammered close to the edge. This additional fastener will prevent the boards from bending during shrinkage.
The choice of the thickness of the material for flooring under soft tiles depends on the pitch of the crate. The larger the pitch, the thicker the flooring required. The best option- frequent step and thin plates. In this case, a light but rigid base is obtained.
Another point concerns the installation of flooring for soft tiles around the chimney pipe. With a brick pipe, the width of which is more than 50 cm, a groove is made behind it (pictured). This design, reminiscent of a mini-roof. It separates the rain streams, they roll down the sides of the pipe without flowing into the under-roof space.
After installing the flooring, its geometry is checked. The length is measured, the width of the slope at the top and bottom, the height of the slope on both sides, the diagonals are measured. And the last check - tracking the plane - the entire slope must lie entirely in the same plane.
Soft tile roofing technology
When buying, you will most likely be provided with instructions, to which the installation of soft tiles will be described step by step and in detail, indicating all the exact dimensions that this particular manufacturer requires. These recommendations should be followed. However, it is worth getting acquainted with the order of work and their volumes ahead of time - in order to understand the intricacies of installation and the required amount of materials.
We must say right away that it is necessary to handle soft tiles when laying carefully - she does not like it if she is bent. Therefore, try not to bend or crush the shingles unnecessarily (this is one fragment consisting of a visible and mounting part).
Overhang reinforcement
The drip bar is installed first. This is an L-shaped sheet of metal coated with paint or polymer composition. Polymer coating is more expensive, but also more reliable. The color is selected close to the color of bituminous tiles.
Drip bar installed along the roof overhangs
The task of the drip bar is to protect the crate, sections of rafters and flooring from moisture. With one edge, the dropper is laid on the flooring, with the second it closes the overhang. It is fastened with galvanized (stainless steel) nails, which are hammered in a checkerboard pattern (one is closer to the fold, the second is almost at the edge). Fastener installation step - 20-25 cm.
The drip bar is sold in two-meter pieces. Having laid the first element, the second is fixed with an overlap of at least 3 cm. If desired, the gap can be closed: grease the joint with bituminous mastic, fill it with sealant. At the same stage, it is mounted, in any case, hooks are nailed that will hold the gutters.
Laying waterproofing carpet
Regardless of the angle of the roof, a waterproofing lining must be laid in and along the slope. It is sold in meter wide rolls. An adhesive is applied to the underside, covered with a protective film or paper. Before laying, the paper is removed, the valley carpet is glued to the flooring.
Installation of a waterproofing carpet begins with laying it in the valley. Roll out the material of a meter width, distributing 50 cm on both sides of the bend. Here it is desirable to do without joints, but, if necessary, the overlap of two canvases should be at least 15 cm. Laying goes from bottom to top, the junction is additionally coated with bitumen mastic, the material is well pressed.
Next, a waterproofing carpet for flexible tiles is laid along the cornice overhang. Minimum Width carpet on the cornice overhang - the size of the overhang itself, plus 60 cm. The lower edge is located on top of the drip, it can bend down a few centimeters. First, the carpet is rolled out, if necessary, cut, then the protective film is removed from the inside and glued to the substrate. Additionally, they are fixed along the edges with stainless steel or galvanized nails with a large flat hat (step 20-25 cm).
In places of a horizontal joint, the overlap of two canvases is at least 10 cm, in the vertical direction - at least 15 cm. All joints are additionally coated with bituminous mastic, the material is compressed.
Lining carpet
The lining carpet, as well as the waterproofing carpet, is sold in rolls of meter width, the back side is covered with an adhesive. The laying method depends on the slope of the roof and on the profile of the selected shingles.
When using shingles with cuts (such as Jazz, Trio, Beaver tail), regardless of the slope, the lining carpet is spread over the entire surface of the roof.
Underlayment installation often requires undercutting. This is done with a sharp knife. In order not to damage the material below when cutting, enclose a piece of plywood or OSB.
Fronton (end) plank
Gable strips are mounted on the side sections of the overhangs. These are strips of metal bent in the form of the letter "G", along the fold line of which there is a small protrusion. They cover the laid roofing materials from wind loads, from moisture ingress. The gable plank is laid on the flooring over the lining or waterproofing carpet, fixed with nails (stainless steel or galvanized) in a checkerboard pattern with a step of 15 cm.
These planks also come in pieces of 2 m, stacked with an overlap of at least 3 cm.
Slope marking
To make the installation of soft tiles simple, markings in the form of a grid are applied to the lining carpet or flooring. Do this with a painter's cord. The lines along the cornice overhang are applied at a distance equal to 5 rows of tiles, in the vertical - every meter (the length of one flexible tile shingle). This marking makes laying easier - the edges are leveled along it, it is easier to track distances.
Valley carpet
On top of the already laid waterproofing carpet, another valley material is laid. It is slightly wider, serves as an additional guarantee of no leaks. Without removing the protective film from the underside, it is laid, cut at the bottom in the overhang area, and the boundaries are marked. Deviating from the mark of 4-5 cm, a special mastic of increased fixation Fixer is applied. It is applied from a syringe, with a roller, then rubbed with a spatula into a strip about 10 cm wide.
A valley carpet is laid out on the mastic, the folds are smoothed out, the edges are pressed. Stepping back from the edge by 3 cm, it is fixed with nails in increments of 20 cm.
Connection to a brick pipe
To bypass pipes and ventilation outlets, patterns are made from a valley carpet or galvanized metal, painted in the appropriate color. The surface of the pipe is plastered, treated with a primer.
When using a valley carpet, a pattern is made so that the material enters the pipe by at least 30 cm, and at least 20 cm should remain on the roof.
The pattern is smeared with bitumen mastic, placed in place. the front part is installed first, then the right and left.
Part of the side elements is wrapped on the front part. Back wall installed last. Its parts go to the side.
At correct installation on the flooring around the pipe, a platform is obtained, completely covered with a valley carpet. Before laying tiles in this place, the surface is smeared with bituminous mastic.
The tile from three sides enters the laid carpet, not reaching the walls of the pipe 8 cm.
The upper part of the junction is sealed with a metal strip, which is attached to the dowels.
All gaps are filled with heat-resistant sealant.
Conclusion of round pipes
For the passage of ventilation pipes there are special passage devices. They are positioned so that the lower edge of the element extends over the tile by at least 2 cm.
Having attached the passage element to the roof, its inner hole is circled. According to the applied contour, a hole is cut in the substrate, into which a round pipe is led out.
The back of the skirt of the passage element is smeared with bituminous mastic, set to the desired position, and additionally fastened around the perimeter with nails. When installing soft tiles, the penetration skirt is smeared with mastic.
The shingle is cut as close as possible to the ledge of the penetration, the gap is then filled with mastic, which is covered with a special UV-protective dressing.
starting strip
The installation of soft tiles begins with the laying of the starting strip. Usually it is a ridge-cornice tile or an ordinary one with cut petals. The first element is laid on one of the edges of the slope, going to the edge of the gable plank. The lower edge of the starting strip is laid on the drip, stepping back from its fold 1.5 cm.
Removed from the back before installation. protective film, the shingle is leveled and laid. Each section of bituminous tiles is fastened with four nails - at the corners of each fragment, stepping back from the edge or perforation line 2-3 cm.
If a cut from an ordinary tile is used as a starting strip, in some part of it there will be no adhesive composition. In these places, the substrate is smeared with bituminous mastic.
Installation of soft ordinary tiles
There is a flexible tile with an applied adhesive mass, protected by a film, and there is a composition that does not require a protective film, although it also fixes the elements well on the roof. When using the material of the first type, the film is removed immediately before installation.
Before laying bituminous tiles on the roof, several packs are opened - 5-6 pieces. Laying is carried out from all packs at the same time, taking one shingle from each one in turn. Otherwise, there will be pronounced spots on the roof that differ in color.
The first shingle is laid so that its edge does not reach the edge of the starting strip by 1 cm. In addition to the adhesive composition, the tiles are also fixed with roofing nails. The number of fasteners depends on the slope angle:
When installing soft tiles, it is important to drive in nails correctly. Hats should be pressed against the shingle, but not break through its surface.
Valley design
With the help of a paint cord in the valley, an area is marked in which nails cannot be driven in - this is 30 cm from the middle of the valley. Then mark the boundaries of the gutter. They can be from 5 to 15 cm in both directions.
The upper corner, which is turned towards the valley, is cut
When laying ordinary shingles, nails are driven in as close as possible to the line beyond which nails cannot be hammered, and shingles are trimmed to the floor of the gutter laying line. To prevent water from flowing under the material, the upper corner of the tile is cut obliquely, cutting off about 4-5 cm. The loose edge of the tile is smeared with bituminous mastic and fixed with nails.
Decoration of the pediment
On the sides of the slope, the tiles are cut so that 1 cm remains to the edge (protrusion) of the end plank. The upper corner of the shingle is cut in the same way as in the valley - a piece of 4-5 cm obliquely. The edge of the tile is smeared with mastic. A strip of mastic - at least 10 cm. Then it is fixed with nails, like the rest of the elements.
If the flooring in the area of the ridge is made solid, a hole is cut along the ridge, which should not reach the end of the rib 30 cm.
It is fixed with long roofing nails. On a long skate, several elements can be used, they are joined end-to-end. The installed metal ridge is covered with ridge tiles. A protective film is removed from it, then the fragment is fixed with four nails (two on each side). The installation of soft tiles on the ridge goes towards the prevailing winds, one fragment overlaps the other by 3-5 cm.
The ridge tile is a ridge-eaves divided into three parts. A perforation is applied on it, a fragment comes off along it (first bend, press the fold, then tear off).
The same elements can be cut from an ordinary tile. It is divided into three parts, not paying attention to the drawing. At the resulting tiles, a corner is cut off - about 2-3 cm on each side. The middle of the fragment is heated with a building hair dryer on both sides, placed in the middle on a bar and, gently pressing, bend over.
Ribs and kinks
The ribs are covered with ridge tiles. A line is beaten off along the bend at the required distance with a masking cord. The edge of the tile is aligned along it. Laying of flexible tiles on the edge goes from bottom to top, each fragment is glued, then stepping back from the top edge of 2 cm, fixed with nails - two on each side. The next fragment comes to the laid 3-5 cm.
Roofing materials based on flexible bituminous coatings can serve as an alternative to traditional slate, metal profiles, ceramic tiles. If do-it-yourself flexible tile roofing is installed in accordance with the rules developed by the manufacturers, the aesthetic appeal and reliability of the coating are ensured. How to do the work with your own hands will be discussed in this article.
The main differences between flexible tiles
Flexible tile is a material similar in structure and composition to roofing material. At the base is a fiberglass canvas impregnated with bitumen. The shape of the tile is slabs (shingles) with figured petals along the edge. On the back - sticky layer for gluing to a continuous crate, and fine mineral chips are applied to the front side. Additional fastening with nails is provided. After laying, the coating becomes monolithic as a result of the sintering of individual elements under the sun's rays.
As a result of the improvement of the latter, flexible tiles acquired the following qualities:
The manufacturer's instructions (which should be read after purchasing the coating) contain basic information on how to properly mount shingles.
For work, you should choose a warm season at a temperature of +5 ° C. Otherwise, the plates will not stick together with the crate and with each other. At low temperatures, shingles become brittle.
If installation must be performed in winter (for partial replacement of the coating), the plates are kept in a warm room for at least a day. After laying, the tiles are heated with a building hair dryer, and the joints are sealed with bituminous mastic.
Do-it-yourself installation of flexible tiles (video on the topic - at the end of the article) is performed for roofing systems with a slope angle of at least 11.3 °. Otherwise, the melting snow slows down and leaks are inevitable. Under such conditions, the service life of the coating is reduced.
Step-by-step description of the installation of shingles
Regardless of the manufacturer, the method of laying shingles is the same for any coating and consists of the following steps.
Preparatory stage for the installation of flexible tiles
Making the valley with lining waterproofing 1. Preparation of the base. It is necessary to create a continuous crate of edged boards, FSF plywood foxes or OSB boards. It is important to achieve a completely flat and solid surface. Board materials (moisture resistant plywood, OSB) are laid with offset rows to avoid cruciform joints. Between the plates leave a compensation gap of about 3 mm.
2.Ventilation device. It is necessary to provide for the presence of vents - gaps between the counter-lattice and the crate. Between bituminous tiles and insulation, covered with vapor barrier material, there must be space for air circulation. Vents or ridge aerators in the upper area of the roof should provide an outflow of water vapor.
3. Laying an additional waterproofing lining. It is recommended to choose material from the same manufacturer as the shingles. Installation begins at the bottom of each overhang and moves towards the ridge. In this case, the upper strip must be laid with an overlap on the lower one by at least 10 cm. Tightness is ensured by bituminous mastic, which is applied to the junction. In the area of pipes, the waterproofing should extend at least 20 cm onto the vertical surface. The valleys are covered with a continuous strip of insulation. If it is necessary to join two strips, the joint is arranged in the upper part with an overlap of 20 cm.
4. Protection of overhangs and gables. The edges of the roof must be closed with metal strips. They are mounted on top of the waterproofing. Adjacent elements must be installed with an overlap of 50 mm. Fasteners at the joints should be more frequent - every 2-3 cm. The frontal plank should overlap the eaves at the joints.
5. Arrangement of passages for antennas, ventilation pipes. For this, special cornice penetrations and aprons are used, details are cut out of the valley carpet, and protection is cut out of galvanized sheet iron. Docking points are treated with bituminous mastic and silicone sealant.
Roof edge trim Important: a solid lathing of plywood sheets and OSB boards is fastened along the edges of the roof with an interval of 10 cm, at the junction of the boards (on the rafters) - 15 cm and on intermediate rafter legs- 30 cm.
Laying shingles
In order for the coating to not have to be corrected after installation, a scheme for laying flexible tiles is first prepared. This will allow you to arrange the rows of plates evenly. Marking is carried out with a cord: horizontal lines are applied in 0.8 m increments and vertical lines in 1.0 m increments. It should be borne in mind that the lines should not set a clear shingle laying order, they are necessary to correct the direction of the rows.
The laying of bituminous tiles is carried out in compliance with the following rules.
Tiled packages are selected randomly: this will help to avoid contrasting shades of neighboring elements.
Stepping back 20 mm from the edge of the cornice strip, cornice tiles are laid. Ordinary tiles with pre-cut petals can be used as starting elements. The sticker is made after removing the protective tape from the adhesive layer and treating the rest of the places with mastic.
Eaves shingles are fastened with roofing nails (fastening pitch corresponds to the width of the petal) in four places. For roofing systems with a large slope angle, additional fastenings are required: two more nails are driven into the edge of each sheet.
Laying the next row is carried out with the petals offset so that they overlap the recesses and joints of the shingles of the previous (lower) row.
Important: stacked on top of the ridge beam plastic elements providing ventilation of the under-roof space.
Finishing with flexible tiles of difficult areas
Complicated sections of the roof, in addition to passages for antennas, cables and chimneys, can be considered the following:
areas near the end strips;
Methods for sealing the roof in these areas.
Novice roof installers may have questions about how to make manholes on flexible tiles. Manholes are necessary not only for installation, but also for the repair of roofing. There are several options for solving the problem.
