Workshop equipment: DIY cyclone for a vacuum cleaner. Homemade cyclone filter from PVC sewer pipes Connecting the cyclone

A great way to save money on chip removal is to make a homemade chip extractor for your workshop. Its cost today starts from about 9,000 rubles, so the savings are considerable. This is exactly the project that was proposed to us by the master from Dzerzhinsk Sergei Yurkevich.

It all started with the problem of equipping the thicknesser with chip removal, since the workshop is small and the sawdust underfoot is very unnerving, at first I did it, under which I even stole my mother-in-law’s last Soviet vacuum cleaner “Raketa”)) But not for long, it burned out. But its operating time was enough to draw a conclusion: this is not the best option for chip removal.

The idea and its implementation were found on YouTube. Namely, making a snail without a vacuum cleaner... I didn’t make any drawings, all the design work went right during the manufacturing process, approximately as the creators of the video said...

The first thing that was made was the disk fan itself. It was made from 9 mm plywood with a diameter of 300 mm.... The bottom circle is solid - with a hole for the spindle. In this place, it is advisable to stick on one or two more reinforcement circles so that the shaft does not dangle. Upper circle with hole for "suction"

It is easy to make such circles using, for example, milling table, there are techniques using a circular saw....

Then it was necessary to make the body; what was at hand was used. On a sheet old chipboard I twisted the box first, marking the location of the fan on it, inserted a curved strip of fiberboard inside the box, covered the corners with foam rubber and the seams with PUR glue.. To prevent the fiberboard strip from unwinding, I reinforced it with wedges in the corners of the box.

There is practically no vibration during rotation; balancing was done by drilling recesses on the heavier side until the impeller began to easily stop in different places on its own weight...

At first, this drum was installed on a 500W 2800 rpm asynchronous motor. For normal operation, at least 3000 rpm is required. But the engine turned out to be rather weak, there was too much resistance... - it quickly overheated... I installed the engine from washing machine but even here it takes about 10 minutes of work and the heat protection cuts out, but this is already through a small shaft on bearings..

I placed an old aluminum barrel on the side that I found) I have to put the chips somewhere)) It’s like in factory chip suckers.. The bottom of the barrel was removed, and a hole was cut in the side for the exit from the snail. In this case, the air flow swirls along the wall, like a cyclone, depositing sawdust.

The resulting pipe is attached to the chip ejector body with a pair of bolts. A sawdust bag is attached to the bottom of this tank with a clamp, and a fabric filter bag is attached to the top.

Then I made the main cover for the snail, the entrance of the shavings was a pipe with a diameter of 80 mm (again, I borrowed it from my wife in the kitchen from all sorts of cereals))

During testing, the suction showed such power that it could easily hold the block.

Well, since there were problems with the engine, I gave up on everything and installed it with homemade machine 2.2 kilowatts through capacitors with a starting .. It became absolutely wonderful ..

It was necessary to put some kind of air filter on top, I asked everyone what kind of fabric was used for this, but I couldn’t find a clear answer. The solution was suggested by my mother-in-law! Pillowcase, I don’t know what the fabric is called, but it doesn’t allow dust to pass through.. That’s what it’s worth))

The chip ejector is currently used only on the Makita 2010NB thickness planer... We need to make a distributor for other equipment, but this is still in the project.

A distributor is needed not only to disperse the flow to several devices. When working with a surface thicknesser, 30 mm can become clogged with chips. Here is its schematic diagram.

The design, of course, turns out to be more cumbersome, but more universal.

No matter how extensive the range of vacuum cleaners on the market is, not everyone can afford to provide themselves with the appropriate units for industrial and domestic needs. The reason for this is often the high cost of industrial vacuum cleaners. On the one hand, cleaning a garage or workshop takes a lot of time, and on the other hand, a vacuum cleaner costs from $500 to $1000 with a large dust collector and good suction performance. Great solution may cause problems homemade vacuum cleaner for the workshop, made by yourself. It’s enough to remember how well we know how to make something. The same principles can be applied when a factory-made home assistant fails in terms of compromising the integrity of filters or dust collection devices. To implement such a project, you will need to be patient and have some available tools that may be gathering dust idle in the far corner of the garage. A homemade vacuum cleaner is easily suitable for cleaning indoors, will help collect construction waste, and will remove dust flying out from under work surface power tools.

Homemade filter for a vacuum cleaner

Initially, before you start stocking up on materials for making the unit, you should clearly define the tasks that the vacuum cleaner must solve. Thus, a container for collecting waste can be a couple of liters for cleaning in an apartment and other domestic premises, or several tens of liters for cleaning construction waste on work sites or in garages. A large barrel or a small bucket from under any building material is perfect for such a container, the main thing is that you have the opportunity to ensure the sealing of this container during the garbage collection process. If the required degree of tightness is not achieved, small fractions of dust sucked in by the air flow will enter the air of the home or air through the openings. working area. The situation is much worse when removing harmful chemical substances And building materials, since in the form of dust or aerosol in the air of the work area they can worsen well-being and harm human health.

Besides air pollution, poor sealing will result in loss of suction power. If instead of a garbage container, you decide to make homemade bag for a vacuum cleaner, it must also retain dust and not allow it to escape into the environment.

The size of the cells between the fibers must be such that dust of a certain size is contained within the bag and is not blown back into the room. Of course, in domestic premises the type of dust and its size are greater than dust from construction waste and dust flying out from under operating power tools.

How to choose a pump?

The device for creating an air flow can be taken from a ready-made vacuum cleaner that has been used, but for one reason or another is unsuitable for further use, or you can use any pumping device that meets the requirements:

• Must operate at rated load for a long time, sufficient to complete the assigned tasks and all manipulations;
• It must withstand overload, both short-term and long-term, so that a clogged hose does not lead to overheating and failure.
• Must provide sufficient suction force, taking into account installed filters and other obstacles in the path of air flow.

In rooms where high suction power is not required, a regular home vacuum cleaner, for example with a bag dust collector, can serve as a pump. To do this, the bag dust collector is removed, and the necessary components are attached to it.

Making a filter

The optimal solution for creating a filter device for a homemade vacuum cleaner would be cyclone filter, made with your own hands. The manufacturing principle is quite simple: You need to make a structure from a cylinder with two holes for the inlet and outlet of the air flow sucked in by the vacuum cleaner and a truncated cone directed downward. Any material from metal to plastic can be suitable for these purposes. The only requirement for the entire cyclone design is high-quality sealing of all cracks and holes. The reason is the same as for the dust collector: the appearance of a dust fraction in the air and a decrease in the performance of the unit. Consider the option of making a homemade cyclone for a vacuum cleaner from plastic pipes. The only difficulty in manufacturing will be the conical part, which will have to be selected from ready-made parts or made independently. To make it you will need:

1. a pipe with a width of 100 mm and higher, the larger the pipe, the better the performance of the cyclone filter can be obtained;
2. two small diameter pipes for inlet and outlet. On average, pipes from 50 mm and below are taken, depending on the diameter of the working hose.
3. cone part, larger diameter, which corresponds to the diameter big pipes(cylinder).
4. For wide cylinders, 150 mm in diameter or more, a cord or flexible tube of small diameter will be required to guide the filter.
5. A cap that will fit snugly into the top opening of the cylinder.
6. glue or soldering material, sealant.

A homemade cyclone vacuum cleaner will thus be much cheaper than a factory one due to a cheap filter, the cost of which will cost 8 - 10 dollars in contrast to the original factory cyclone filter. Initially, a wide pipe is taken, chosen as a cylinder, and cut to the required height (if you were unable to purchase the right size). The holes for the inlet and outlet should be cut as carefully as possible, avoiding chips and uneven edges. If the air suction hole should be located in a horizontal plane, then the air flow outlet hole can be located both on the pipe itself and on the top cover of the cyclone filter. It is worth starting from where it is most convenient to ensure high-quality sealing. If the cover material is much easier to cut and the sealant adheres normally, then it is better to give preference to the cover; otherwise, the outlet should be placed on the body. The main condition is that the outlet pipe must be located above the inlet. This will allow the debris to fall down, allowing only air and fine dust to reach the outlet. To catch such dust, you can also use some homemade filters, for example, fabric ones, or adapt a car filter; this will protect your homemade construction vacuum cleaner from types of debris that are dangerous to the engine.

To create a turbulence in the air flow that is sucked into the cyclone, a flexible hose or cord made of waterproof material should be glued in a spiral pattern over the surface of the cylinder. Such a spiral will increase the efficiency of the cyclone filter. It should be noted that this addition can only be performed for a pipe large diameter, into which it will be easy for you to penetrate with your hands. The inlet and outlet pipes are fixed in the corresponding holes using sealant, heat shrink, adhesives or pieces of pipe, which are sealed with a soldering iron. The main task of this material is to firmly secure and seal the tubes. The top cover should fit snugly against the edges of the cylinder; you can secure it with sealant if desired, but then the cleaning process will become more complicated internal surfaces cyclonic filter from accumulated debris. We should also not forget that the surface can become electrified and accumulate a static charge, which will retain dust. Therefore, it is better to immediately install the lid on the door seal, this will prevent dust from entering the room and will make it possible to freely open the lid at the right time. The conical part can be strengthened with sealant or glue, since it is unlikely to have to be removed. Through the hole in the truncated cone, garbage will spill into the garbage container.

Such a device can be useful not only for those who are thinking about how to make a homemade vacuum cleaner, but also for owners of factory-made working vacuum cleaners. If you are tired of constantly changing the dust collection bag or the filters become clogged, then installing a homemade cyclone will help solve this problem without extra costs to purchase a new vacuum cleaner.

If you decide to make an industrial vacuum cleaner, then you can mount a socket on it to connect a power tool, which will allow parallel operation of the vacuum cleaner and the tool. The system can be connected to the socket circuit automatic switching on vacuum cleaner, which will ensure dust suction when starting the tool. In addition, such a system can provide a delay in turning off the vacuum cleaner after opening the power circuit of the power tool. This will allow the industrial vacuum cleaner to collect flying debris and dust within a few seconds after turning off the power tool.

What should you consider when making a homemade vacuum cleaner?

When making homemade vacuum cleaners, some craftsmen, in order to save their own time and effort, include factory parts and spare parts in the unit. In most cases, such a step is quite justified, with the exception of cases of installing filters. For a homemade vacuum cleaner, you should avoid installing the notorious HEPA filters at all costs. These filters work on the principle of trapping small dust particles in the pores of the filter itself. Because of this, as the filter fills with debris, the suction power and, consequently, the quality of cleaning will gradually be lost. All possible attempts to clean such filters do not lead to the expected results, since the dust is not completely blown out, and when washed and washed out, it leads to rotting processes and the development of bacteria. It is clear that these bacteria are blown back into the room during operation; this process is expressed in unpleasant smell while the vacuum cleaner is running.

To optimize the operation of the vacuum cleaner, you can connect two hoses - one for suction, the other for blowing, the blowing hose will allow for effective cleaning various surfaces And hard to reach places, since the immediately blown dust will be collected by the retractor hose. However, the absence of a filter in a regular vacuum cleaner can also lead to the opposite effect, because in order not to use it, it is necessary to provide the device with an ideal cleaning system, and doing this at home is oh so difficult. So if you need real cleanliness, it’s better to save on something else and choose a reliable and filter-free cleaner to clean both the air and the surfaces. And all this about the separator apparatus! So good luck with choosing and using a vacuum cleaner.

Repair and construction works Not only are they difficult, but they also leave a lot of dust and debris, which most often you are too lazy to clean up, and ordinary home vacuum cleaners are simply not able to cope with the task. A cyclone for a vacuum cleaner will help, capable of sifting out shavings, sawdust and other debris without clogging the dust collector itself.

Operating principle

Many people know what construction debris is and how difficult it is to remove it, especially on an industrial scale. There are special construction vacuum cleaners on the market that have high power, in comparison with household ones, but at the same time they have large dimensions and a considerable price. Therefore, masters of their craft create cyclone-type chip extractors with their own hands, thereby improving their household vacuum cleaners and making their work easier.

The filter is a structure of two compartments: external and internal. Under the influence of centrifugal force, all rubbish entering the dust collector, based on the cyclone principle, sorts into large and small particles.

Large ones settle in the outer chamber, and small ones - in the inner chamber. It is because of this principle of operation of the filter that it was called cyclonic.

DIY making

Before starting work, you need to remember that building such a simple device will not be difficult, so after mastering the principles, you can immediately make your own masterful modifications to the mechanism.

When making a cyclone with your own hands from scrap materials, you need:

To make a vacuum cleaner with your own hands, you need:

• In the lid of the container it is necessary to make a hole for the polypropylene elbow at 90 degrees and in the side of the container itself the same hole for the elbow at 30 degrees.
• A filter is placed inside the container, already connected to a polypropylene elbow.
• All holes should be sealed tightly with sealant.

The hose is tightly fixed with a polypropylene elbow and is directed clearly downwards, thereby setting a stable trajectory. Testing is carried out on hard litter.

Aquafilter from improvised means

If you have problems finding a store-bought aquafilter, you can easily make a cyclone filter for a vacuum cleaner with your own hands. For this you just need plastic pipe, the dimensions of which are determined based on the size of the container (a sewer pipe of small diameter is suitable).

To make a filter yourself, you need to cut the pipe into pieces and connect tightly into T-shape so that air can easily pass between the chambers, and the side branches must be muffled with breathable fabric material.

From below, at the base of the wide part, it is necessary to drill holes in a checkerboard pattern (for water intake). Next, you need to connect the cyclone filter to the water filter using a polypropylene elbow so that the water filter, while inside the container, lightly touches the water.

Water is added immediately before using the vacuum cleaner.

Dust bag

When making a vacuum cleaner bag with your own hands, any material is suitable, but it is important that it be dense. In order to make such a bag, you will need only three materials:

• Textolite (the size is selected individually for each vacuum cleaner).
• Any textile dense bag (many people use shoe bags).
• Clamp for debris dump part.

A hole is made in the PCB with a diameter the size of the dust collection valve outlet; the sizes are different for everyone, depending on the model of the vacuum cleaner. Next, the same hole is made in the bag and secured between the PCB and the bag.

A hole is made in the opposite part of the bag to discharge dust and debris, after which the bag is secured with a clamp.

Cyclone was created in 1986 Jameson Dyson and since then has gained its authority in the sales market and maintains its position to this day.

Not a single industrial sector can do without this invention, which has such qualities as speed and reliability.

Article about how I did it homemade construction vacuum cleaner with a cyclone type filter. The performance of this useful homemade product for home You can appreciate it by watching a video of his work.

To demonstrate the work, I collected a bucket of sand. In general, I am satisfied with the result of the work done (given that this is a working prototype layout, so to speak).

I’ll say right away: this article is a statement of my history of creating my first (and, I think, not the last) homemade cyclone vacuum cleaner , and I am in no way going to impose anything on anyone, prove or claim that the solutions described here are the only correct and error-free ones. Therefore, I ask you to be understanding, so to speak, “understand and forgive.” I hope my little experience will be useful to “sick” people like me, for whom “a bad head does not give rest to their hands” (in the good sense of this expression).

I once thought about the upcoming renovation and the ensuing consequences in the form of dust, construction debris, etc. And since it is necessary to groove, saw concrete and “perforate”, the experience of the past suggested that it is necessary to look for a solution to these problems. It is expensive to buy a ready-made construction vacuum cleaner, and most of them are designed anyway with a filter (in some models even with a special “shaker”) or a paper bag + filter, which gets clogged, worsens traction, periodically requires replacement and also costs a lot of money. And I just became interested in this topic, and a “pure sporting interest” appeared, so to speak. In general, it was decided to make a cyclone vacuum cleaner. A lot of information was gleaned here: forum.woodtools.ru I did not carry out special calculations (for example, according to Bill Pentz), I did it from what came to hand and according to my own instinct. By chance, I came across this vacuum cleaner on an advertisement website (for 1,100 rubles) and very close to my place of residence. I looked at the parameters, they seem to suit me - he will be a donor!

I decided to make the cyclone body itself metal, because there were strong doubts about how long the plastic walls would last under the influence of “sandpaper” from a stream of sand and pieces of concrete. And also about static electricity when rubbish rubs against its walls, and I didn’t want the future homemade vacuum cleaner threw sparks at its users. And personally, I think that dust accumulation due to static will not have a positive effect on the operation of the cyclone.

The general scheme for constructing a vacuum cleaner is as follows:

The polluted air passes through a cyclone, in which large particles settle into the lower waste container. The rest goes through the car air filter, engine and through the outlet pipe to the outside. It was decided to make a pipe for the outlet as well, and the dimensions of the inlet and outlet should be the same. This will allow you to use a vacuum cleaner, for example, to blow something off. You can also use an additional hose to release the “exhaust” air outside so as not to raise dust in the room (this suggests the idea of ​​installing this unit as a “built-in” stationary vacuum cleaner somewhere in the basement or on the balcony). Using two hoses at the same time, you can clean all kinds of filters without blowing dust around (blow with one hose, draw in with the other).

The air filter was chosen to be “flat”, not ring-shaped, so that when turned off, any debris that gets there falls into the garbage bin. If we take into account that only the dust remaining after the cyclone gets into the filter, then its replacement will not be required soon as in usual construction vacuum cleaner with filter without cyclone. Moreover, the price of such a filter (about 130 rubles) is much cheaper than the “branded” ones that are used in industrial vacuum cleaners. You can also partially clean such a filter with a regular household vacuum cleaner by connecting it to the inlet pipe of the “cyclone”. In this case, garbage will not be sucked out of the garbage disposal. The filter mount is made dismountable to simplify its cleaning and replacement.

For the cyclone body, a suitable one was found very conveniently can, and the central pipe is made from a can of polyurethane foam.

The inlet pipe is made to fit a 50 mm plastic sewer pipe into which the hose in the vacuum cleaner is inserted quite tightly with an appropriate rubber coupling.

The second end of the pipe goes into a rectangle, so to speak, to “straighten” the flow. Its width was chosen based on the smallest diameter of the hose inlet (32 mm) so as not to clog. Approximate calculation: L= (3.14*50 mm - 2*32)/2=46.5 mm. Those. pipe cross-section 32*46 mm.

I assembled the entire structure by soldering with acid and a 100-watt soldering iron (it was practically the first time I worked with tin, except for soldering boats in childhood, so I apologize for the beauty of the seams)

The central pipe was soldered. The cone was made using a pre-fitted cardboard template.

The housing for the auto filter is also made using galvanized templates.

The upper part of the central pipe of the air duct was bent into the shape of a square and the lower hole of the autofilter housing (pyramid) was adjusted to it. Put it all together. I made three guides on the sides of the cyclone can to increase rigidity and fastening. The result is something like this “gravity”.

For the garbage disposal and the engine compartment I used 2 barrels of machine oil (60 liters). A little big, of course, but this is what we managed to find. I made holes in the bottom of the engine compartment for attaching the cyclone, and glued sponge rubber onto the contact surface of the garbage disposal to seal around the perimeter. After that, I cut a hole in the sidewall for the inlet pipe, taking into account the thickness of the rubber cuff.

The “gravitapu” cyclone was secured with M10 studs and fluoroplastic nuts to prevent unscrewing due to vibration. Here and further, all places where tightness is necessary were connected with a rubber seal (or rubber washers) and auto sealant.

To connect the engine compartment and the garbage bin I used latches from the military wooden boxes(special thanks to Igor Sanych!). I had to ferment them a little in a solvent and “adjust” them with a hammer. Fastened with rivets (with rubber gaskets from the chamber).

After that, for greater rigidity and noise reduction, I foamed the entire structure polyurethane foam. You can, of course, fill everything to the top, but I decided to play it safe in case the need arises to take it apart. In addition, everything turned out quite tough and strong.

For ease of movement and carrying of the garbage bin, I attached 2 door handles and 4 wheels with brakes. Since the waste container barrel has a flange at the bottom, to install the wheels it was necessary to make an additional “bottom” from a plastic sheet 10 mm thick. In addition, this made it possible to strengthen the bottom of the barrel so that it would not “squish” when the vacuum cleaner was running.

The base for attaching the filter funnel and the engine platform was made of chipboard with fastening to the barrel along the perimeter with furniture “Euro-screws”. To fix the engine platform, I glued 8 M10 bolts onto epoxy (I think 4 would be enough). Painted it. I sealed the perimeter of the filter installation site with sponge rubber.

When assembling, I coated the neck of the autofilter housing around the perimeter with sealant and tightened it to the base with flat-headed self-tapping screws.

The engine platform was made from 21 mm plywood. For a more uniform distribution of air over the filter area, I used a router to select a 7 mm recess in the area.

To collect the exhaust air and mount the engine, the plastic engine compartment found in the vacuum cleaner was used. “Everything unnecessary” was cut off from it and the outlet pipe was glued onto epoxy reinforced with self-tapping screws. Everything is assembled together using sealant and using metal profile(thick sponge rubber is inserted into it) is pulled to the engine platform with two long M12 bolts. Their heads are recessed flush into the platform and filled with hot-melt adhesive for tightness. Nuts with fluoroplastic to prevent unscrewing due to vibration.

Thus, a removable motor module was obtained. For easy access to the auto filter, it is secured using eight wing nuts. The oversized washers are glued (the shrouds have not escaped).

I made a hole for the outlet pipe.

I painted the entire “pepelats” black from a spray can, after sanding and degreasing.

The engine speed controller used the existing one (see photo), adding to it homemade circuit to automatically start the vacuum cleaner when you turn on the power tool.

Explanations for the homemade vacuum cleaner diagram:

Automatic devices (2-pole) QF1 and QF2 protect, respectively, the circuits for connecting power tools (socket XS1) and the speed control circuit of the vacuum cleaner engine. When the tool is turned on, its load current flows through diodes VD2-VD4 and VD5. They were selected from the reference book due to the large voltage drop across them with forward current. On a chain of three diodes, when one (let’s call it “positive”) half-wave of current flows, a pulsating voltage drop is created which, through fuse FU1, Schottky diode VD1 and resistor R2, charges capacitor C1. Fuse FU1 and varistor RU1 (16 Volt) protect the control circuit from damage due to overvoltage, which can occur, for example, due to a break (burnout) in the chain of diodes VD2-VD4. The Schottky diode VD1 is selected with a low voltage drop (to “save” the already small Volts) and prevents the discharge of capacitor C1 during the “negative” half-wave of the current through the diode VD5. Resistor R2 limits the charging current of capacitor C1. The voltage received at C1 opens optocoupler DA1, the thyristor of which is connected to the control circuit of the engine speed controller. The variable resistor R4 for regulating the motor speed is selected with the same value as in the vacuum cleaner regulator board (it is removed) and is made remote (in the housing from the dimmer) for placement on the top cover of the vacuum cleaner. A resistor R removed from the board is soldered in parallel to it. The “on/off” switch S2 in the open circuit of the resistor R4 is used to manually turn on the vacuum cleaner. Switch S1 “automatic/manual”. In manual control mode, S1 is turned on and the regulator current flows through the chain R4 (R) - S2 is turned on - S1. In automatic mode, S1 is turned off and the regulator current flows through the chain R4 (R) – pins 6-4 DA1. After turning off the power tool, due to the large capacity of capacitor C1 and the inertia of the motor, the vacuum cleaner continues to work for about 3-5 seconds. This time is enough to draw the remaining debris from the hose into the vacuum cleaner.

The automatic start circuit is assembled on breadboard. Switches S1, S2, dimmer housing (to accommodate variable resistor R4) and socket XS1 were selected from one not very expensive series, so to speak, for aesthetics. All elements are placed on the top cover of the vacuum cleaner, made of 16 mm chipboard and covered with PVC edging. In the future, it will be necessary to make insulated housings for the boards to protect live parts from accidental contact.

To power the vacuum cleaner, a three-core flexible cable in rubber insulation KG 3*2.5 (5 meters) and a plug with a grounding contact were selected (do not forget about electrical safety and fight static electricity). Considering the short-term intermittent operation of the vacuum cleaner together with a power tool, the selected cable cross-section is sufficient not to heat up. A thicker cable (for example, KG 3*4) is correspondingly heavier and rougher, which would create inconvenience when using a vacuum cleaner. It was decided to discard the device for winding the cable, which was in the donor vacuum cleaner, since the contacts existing there would not withstand the total load of the vacuum cleaner and power tool.

The top cover is secured with a pin and wing nut.

For ease of removal top cover The motor is connected to the control circuit via a connector. The motor housing and the vacuum cleaner are connected to a protective grounding conductor. To cool the regulator circuit, I drilled a small hole in the outlet pipe to create an air flow inside the engine compartment housing.

In order to be able to insert a garbage bag into the garbage bin, the top edge was covered with a rubber door seal cut lengthwise.

To prevent the garbage bag from being sucked into the cyclone due to air leaks through leaks, it is necessary to make a small hole in it.

The finalization and testing of the resulting vacuum cleaner took place when the repairs had already begun, so to speak, in “combat” conditions. The traction, of course, is many times more powerful than that of a household vacuum cleaner, which would not be enough for even a couple of minutes of working with construction waste. Relatively heavy concrete debris is almost completely deposited in the garbage container and the additional filter does not need to be cleaned for a long time, while the draft is uniform and does not depend on the degree of filling of the garbage container. Dust from putty (in the form of flour) is very light and, accordingly, is less filtered by the cyclone, which forces you to periodically clean the autofilter. The task of making a vacuum cleaner was not set and therefore no test was carried out for this function.

CONCLUSION and CONCLUSIONS:

The resulting device eventually turned out to be functional and has already been tested during the renovation of one room. Now I consider it more like a working model from the “will it work or not for fun” series.

The main disadvantages of this design:

— relatively large dimensions are not convenient for transportation in a car, although the vacuum cleaner moves around the room very easily on wheels. You can use 30 liter barrels for example. As operation has shown, such a large garbage container is inconvenient to clean, and a bag with a large amount of garbage can tear.

— the diameter of the hose can be increased, for example, to 50 mm and a hose from an industrial vacuum cleaner can be used (but the question of price arises from 2000 rubles). Although even with the existing hose, the debris collects quite quickly, unless, of course, you try to pull in half a brick.

— it is necessary to make an easily removable mount for the additional auto filter and engine for more convenient and quick maintenance and cleaning.

— you can include a thermal relay in the control circuit (just determine the response temperature) to protect the engine from overheating.

Poor screening of light fine dust, which can be solved by introducing a second stage of smaller cyclones.

In conclusion, I would like to thank all my friends who helped with ideas and materials in the construction of this “pepelats”. And a special big thank you to my beloved wife Yulia for supporting me in my hobbies.

I hope my little experience will be useful to readers.

A special vacuum cleaner is different from a regular one. If the latter is applicable for small amounts of small waste, then a special model is intended for collection, for example, in home workshops. However, it is expensive. And why pay the necessary money if you can make a cyclone for a vacuum cleaner with your own hands? Why exactly a cyclone and what is it? This is an important element that increases the capacity of the vacuum cleaner for garbage, and, therefore, it brings more benefits. If you need it, we have already prepared detailed instructions.

Features and Benefits

You should approach the purchase of a vacuum cleaner with all seriousness, because low-power device can create many problems and will not allow you to achieve the purity you strive for. Listen to the advice of a sales consultant, which will allow you not only to save money, but also to make a rational choice.

It is best to opt for models with a cyclone filter, whose power is about 1800 W. Fortunately, today many manufacturers produce similar models, so the choice is easy to make.

Operating principle of a cyclone filter for a vacuum cleaner

The advantages of cyclone dust collectors include:

• transparency. You can always notice if a random object gets inside;
• high power. Thanks to the maximum possible power, there is no need to slow down even with a fully loaded container;
• Due to its light weight, such a device can significantly save storage space;
• there is no need to spend money on paper bags for a vacuum cleaner;
• when filling, the vacuum cleaner does not lose its power;
• This vacuum cleaner is easy to clean and dry;
• It’s easy to do it yourself, since everything you need can be found in your home. To make a cyclone-type vacuum cleaner, you can use any engine - from an old one washing machine or a broken vacuum cleaner.

Flaws

There are a number of disadvantages that you should keep in mind when choosing a cyclone vacuum cleaner. These include:

• the centrifuge of this model does not retain the smallest dust, so it is better for allergy sufferers not to work with such a device;
• during operation, the vacuum cleaner makes a loud, piercing sound;
• an inconvenient hose that, due to frequent tangling, can break at any time;
• Due to frequent filter clogging, the suction capacity of the vacuum cleaner is sharply reduced.

Cyclone vacuum cleaner

Characteristics

Cyclone type vacuum cleaners have a number of important characteristics, depending on which the models differ from each other:

• container volume. There is no point in purchasing a vacuum cleaner with a flask volume of less than one and a half liters, given the garbage that this device has to collect. In addition, you should check that cleaning the vacuum cleaner after use is as easy as possible;
• suction power. The quality of cleaning depends on it, but this indicator should not be confused with power consumption;
• filtration system. It determines how clean the exhaust air will be, which is especially important for allergy sufferers. In the majority modern models HEPA filters are installed at the outlet, capable of stopping the release of even the smallest dust particles. Remember, not all filters are washable;
• Convenient hose design. When purchasing a vacuum cleaner, check the maximum length of the telescopic tube to assess whether it is long enough. With high-quality units, all joints are tightly fixed, but at the same time can be easily separated if necessary;
• placement of control buttons. They can be on the body or handle;
• length of the cord for connecting to the network. The optimal length, which is sufficient for full use of the vacuum cleaner, can be from 8 to 10 meters;
• equipment. A good vacuum cleaner should come with maximum amount nozzles

Industrial vacuum cleaners cyclone systems

In the woodworking industry, production, and places where there is a large accumulation of dust, you cannot do without a cyclone vacuum cleaner. Thanks to constant force garbage suction, increased efficiency Such a device guarantees fast and, most importantly, high-quality cleaning of a room of any size. Based on characteristics, industrial models cyclone vacuum cleaners are divided into:

• vacuum cleaners that collect low-hazard debris and dust;
• for medium and high hazard waste, which includes concrete dust, asbestos, carcinogens;
• for explosive dust. Often used in elevators.

Cyclone type industrial vacuum cleaner

Principle of operation

Before you start making such an important mechanism, you should understand its operating principle. So, a cyclone is a filter, in other words, a cyclone filter for a workshop. In fact, this is a miracle, since it significantly simplifies the work of the craftsmen, or rather, their cleaning up after the fruits of their creativity.

How does a cyclone vacuum cleaner work?

The work is based on the fact that all dust and sawdust do not reach the vacuum cleaner itself, the power does not become lower, and unnecessary debris does not get into ordinary filters and clog them. The tube draws in air, its flow twists in a spiral. Heavy dust, such as sawdust, penetrates the narrow passage of the cone, and the air flow or suspension is directed into the vacuum cleaner.

It’s not difficult to make such a cyclone, you just need to have necessary materials and know how to use them. There are several options on how to do this.

First option

Oil filter

Exit from the cyclone

Entrance assembly

Second option

Another option is based on the use of a road cone, the height of which is 520 millimeters. It is made of non-rigid plastic. So, in the design you need:

• cone-shaped;
• twenty-liter container and a well-closing lid;
• a pair of pipes for plumbing with a forty millimeter diameter;
• corner adapter;
• Sixteen-millimeter wood plywood.

Essentially, the creation is similar to the example described above. Just a few additions - cut a couple of identical circular shapes onto the flask lid and glue them together. This will allow the cone to hold tightly. The connections need to be put on with thermal glue, you can use guns. The last part of the vertical pipe must be lowered below the horizontal one, which will create a vortex movement of the garbage particles along the cone, after which they will fall into the flask.

The nuances of making it yourself

Although making a cyclone-type vacuum cleaner yourself will not be difficult, you should take into account some nuances that can affect the quality of the device in the future. Here are some tips:

• refuse to install a HEPA filter, since due to the failure of the smallest particles to reach the surface, the suction power will constantly decrease and the quality of cleaning will deteriorate. Be prepared right away that without such a filter, an unpleasant odor will arise when operating the vacuum cleaner;
• optimizing the operation of the vacuum cleaner will allow connecting two hoses - for suction and for blowing;
• choose a motor with more than 6 thousand revolutions. As a motor, you can use a part from an old vacuum cleaner or a refrigerator compressor;
• To avoid malfunctions, be sure to install a fan on the vacuum cleaner and ensure that the container is sealed;
• If necessary, the device can be equipped with a water tank.

This is how easy it is to make a cyclone, the main thing is to maintain the proportions, and also be prepared for the fact that everything will definitely work out!

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