The invention relates to bridge building, and in particular to a method and device for dismantling bridges.

Known patent for the invention of the Russian Federation No. 2250285, IPC E01D 22/00. "Method of replacing the span structure of the bridge". A method for replacing a bridge span, including installation of an existing span to be dismantled on floating supports, followed by disassembly of the span using at least one load-lifting movable crane, loading the disassembled elements of the span onto floating facilities and delivering them to the shore and erecting a new bridge span , characterized in that during the dismantling of the existing metal through span with belts, braces, racks, suspensions and gussets, before installing the span to be dismantled on floating supports in the alignment of the support nodes of the superstructure, temporary piers are erected and transverse movement of the span to be dismantled with support is performed it to temporary piers, after which a new span is erected along the longitudinal axis of the bridge and a lifting movable crane is installed on it, and two floating supports are brought under the span to be dismantled, which are located at one of the ends of this span, and the span is dismantled with from one end of the superstructure to the other with the initial transfer of the load from the superstructure from one of the piers to both floating supports, and as the elements of the superstructure are dismantled, each floating support located on the side of the dismantled section, after dismantling this section, is moved along the dismantled span and installed behind the second floating support, while the dismantling of the elements of the superstructure is carried out using a crane moving along the erected new superstructure as the dismantling section moves, and the dismantling of sections of the existing superstructure is carried out from top to bottom by initially cutting out the linear elements of the upper chord, then racks, suspensions , braces, and then elements of the lower belt, while the gussets are cut out separately or together with racks and pendants. When the span to be dismantled is supported on floating supports, each floating support is anchored. Before cutting out any element of the superstructure to be dismantled, this element is slinged to the crane hook with slings in a loose state. Work on cutting the span structure is carried out from suspended scaffolds. When replacing the span structure of a double-track bridge, work to replace the span structure for the second track is carried out similarly to the work to replace the span structure for the first track.

The disadvantage of this method is that it is quite laborious, requires the construction of additional structures and the involvement of additional equipment, as well as during the proposed dismantling of the bridge, it is necessary long time occupy the bridge space (water area).

The closest (prototype) to the claimed invention is a patent for the invention of the Russian Federation No. 2304656, IPC E01D 22/00, "Method of dismantling the three-dimensional blocks of the lattice span of the bridge." A method for dismantling a lattice span of a bridge with three-dimensional blocks with a height of the upper belt above the water level of up to 30-35 m and a span of more than 40 m, including the construction of temporary auxiliary supports at the points of division of the span structure trusses into three-dimensional blocks, the installation of hydraulic jacks on temporary auxiliary supports under bottom nodes trusses, their temporary fixation, at least for the period of division, from vertical movement by wedging with steel sheets on capital or auxiliary supports, dismantling of the roadway in the zone of three-dimensional blocks, division into three-dimensional blocks with a length of at least 20 m of the span by cutting or cutting individual elements of the truss while ensuring the regulation of internal forces in the truss by means of a wedge and / or using hydraulic jacks installed on auxiliary supports within the limits of static loads acting in the truss elements that do not exceed the calculated ones, slinging, release from temporary fixation and dismantling of isolated blocks by a floating crane with a lifting capacity of not less than 80 tons with their transfer to pre-prepared receiving stocks for their disaggregation on the shore and dismantling of temporary auxiliary supports. The division of the farm is carried out initially along the upper, then along the lower belts, starting from the upper plane of the farm. The receiving stocks are placed on the shore, and the disengaged blocks are moved onto them by a floating crane immediately after they are dismantled, excluding transfer to a barge or pontoons. Receiving stocks are placed on the shore, and the movement of the isolated blocks on them is carried out by a floating crane after they are transferred to a barge or pontoons.

The disadvantages of this method is the complexity of the additional work performed, the involvement a large number equipment and long periods of work directly under the span, which prevents the use of the bridge space (water area).

The objective of the invention is the fastest possible removal of the superstructure from its location and the possibility of dismantling the superstructure on the shore.

The problem is solved by setting hydraulic jacks under the lower chord for jacking, after which channels are installed under the lower chord of the beams, then a metal traverse is installed, after that the traverse is combined with the channels, then a pylon is built on the traverse, then the guys are suspended and pulled, after that the supporting parts of the beams are changed to a movable device, after then the superstructure is pulled together with the formed prefabricated structure onto the receiving stocks located on the shore, and the superstructure is dismantled. The channels under the lower belt of the beams are installed in the longitudinal direction. The traverse is installed along the entire span of the bridge to be dismantled. The traverse and channels are connected by means of vertical rods, followed by welding between them. The pylon is built, for example, in the middle of the span. As a mobile device, rollers or fluoroplastic gaskets are used.

The essence of the claimed invention is illustrated by drawings.

Figure 1 shows a fragment of the existing beam reinforced concrete superstructure of the bridge.

Figure 2 shows a fragment of the connection of channels installed under the lower chord beams with a traverse.

Figure 3 shows the span of the bridge with installed channels and traverse along the span.

Figure 4 shows the superstructure of the bridge with the installed pylon, channels and traverse, tensioned guys and installed instead of the supporting parts of the beams movable device.

Figure 5 shows shifted at some distance, the superstructure of the bridge with the installed pylon, channels and traverse, tensioned guys and installed instead of the supporting parts of the beams movable device.

The method of dismantling the beam reinforced concrete superstructure 1 of the bridge using the cable system 2 consists of the following operations: hydraulic jacks (not shown) are installed under the lower chord 3 of the beams 4, then the superstructure 1 is jacked up, after which channels 5 are installed under the lower chord 3 of the beams 4, then a metal traverse 6 is installed, after that the traverse 6 is combined with channels 5, then a pylon 7 is built on the traverse 6, then the guys 8 are suspended and pulled, after that the supporting parts 9 (for example, blocks) of the beams 4 are changed to a movable device 10, after which the superstructure 1 is pulled together with the prefabricated structure 11 formed from beams 4, channels 5 and traverse 6 onto the receiving stocks 12 located on the bank 13, and the superstructure 1 is dismantled (see Fig.1, 2, 3, 4, 5) .

Channels 5 under the lower belt 3 of the beams 4 are installed in the longitudinal direction (see figure 2).

Traverse 6 is installed along the entire superstructure 1 of the bridge to be dismantled. Traverse 6 and channels 5 are combined by means of vertical rods 14 with subsequent welding between them (see figure 2, 3, 4, 5).

Pylon 7 is built, for example, in the middle of the superstructure 1 (see Fig.4, 5).

As a movable device 10 use rollers 15 or PTFE gaskets 16 (see Fig.4, 5).

As a result of the proposed work, the superstructure can be dismantled without the use of lifting equipment and the construction of additional structures.

The use of a cable-stayed system and a prefabricated structure makes it possible to balance the superstructure in such a way that it will not crack, deform, and will not be subject to distortion or shear during the superstructure being pulled onto the receiving stocks.

The problem is solved due to the proposed sequence and combination of works in the proposed method, namely:

1. The superstructure is jacked up with 1 hydraulic jacks installed under the lower chord of the beams (not shown).

2. Install channels 5 with a tight fit to the beam 4.

3. A metal traverse 6 is installed to strengthen the long structure of the superstructure 1.

4. Combine the traverse 6 with the channels 5 by means of a screed with vertical rods 14 and the use of welding.

5. On the reinforced prefabricated structure 11, consisting of beams 4, pulled together by a traverse 6 and channels 5, a pylon 7 is installed.

6. Hang the guys 8, after which they are pulled, thereby strengthening the prefabricated structure 11.

7. Change the supporting parts 9, such as blocks, to the movable device 10, such as rollers 15 or PTFE gaskets 16.

8. The superstructure 1 is pulled out onto the receiving stocks 12 installed on the shore 13.

9. Disassemble the span 1.

Industrial applicability lies in the fact that for the implementation of the proposed method, known equipment is used, which is used in various fields and does not require additional manufacturing and refinement.

All of the above indicates the solution of the problem, namely:

List of positions

1. Superstructure

2. Byte system

3. Bottom belt

5. Channel

6. Traverse

9. Base

10. Mobile device

11. Prefabricated structure

12. Receiving stocks

14. Vertical pull

16. Fluoroplastic gasket

1. A method for dismantling a beam reinforced concrete span of a bridge using a cable-stayed system, including installing hydraulic jacks under the lower chord for jacking and placing receiving stocks on the shore, characterized in that after installing hydraulic jacks and jacking, channels are installed under the lower chord of the beams, then installed a metal traverse, after which the traverse is combined with channels, then a pylon is built on the traverse, then the guys are suspended and pulled, after that the supporting parts of the beams are changed to a movable device, after which the superstructure is pulled together with the formed prefabricated structure onto the stocks and the superstructure is dismantled.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the channels under the lower chord of the beams are installed in the longitudinal direction.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the traverse is installed along the entire superstructure of the bridge to be dismantled.

4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the traverse and channels are combined by means of vertical rods, followed by welding together.

5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the pylon is built, for example, in the middle of the span.

6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that rollers are used as a movable device.

7. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that PTFE gaskets are used as a movable device.

Similar patents:

The invention relates to the field of aerohydrodynamics of bluff structures and deals with the issue of transverse vibrations of bridge spans caused by wind action, solves the problem of reducing fluctuations of the bridge span caused by wind action while reducing material consumption.

The invention relates to bridge building, and in particular to a method for dismantling a bridge span using a cable-stayed system. The method for dismantling the bridge superstructure using a cable-stayed system includes: preliminary construction on the lower belt in the sidewalk zone of the superstructure of an H-shaped pylon by the type of a self-erecting tower crane and exceeding the height of the superstructure, suspending the superstructure with shrouds and pulling the shrouds, dismantling part of the coastal supports to the level of the superstructure and the installation of a forward back on one side of the superstructure, and on the other hand, the installation of a roll-out device, then jacking the superstructure and installing it on rollers, after which the entire superstructure is rolled out onto the shore onto pre-prepared stocks and the subsequent dismantling of the superstructure. The invention allows dismantling without accessories, release the water area as soon as possible, dismantle the bridge on the shore in less time without involving additional equipment. 5 z.p. f-ly, 6 ill.

The method for dismantling the emergency beam of the bridge span is that: cut the emergency beam into individual elements beams, then the support traverses are mounted, resting them through the support elements on two adjacent beams, after which the subtraverses are mounted, then the slinging holes are drilled in the horizontal plate of the emergency beam, then the support traverses are combined with the beam elements and the subtraverses by rods through the slinging holes, after which the rods are pulled and lift the beam elements, then transport the beam elements to the place of dismantling the traverses, after that the traverses are dismantled and the beam elements are transported to the disposal site. Cutting the emergency beam into individual elements of the beam is carried out with a diamond tool. All work is carried out locally, without interfering with the operation of the area unaffected by the repair. The installation location of the support traverses and subtraverses for each element of the beam is determined by calculation. The beam elements are lifted by cranes of the appropriate lifting capacity. 2 w.p. f-ly, 2 ill.

The invention relates to seismic protection of bridges. Seismic-resistant bridge includes superstructures, supports and seismic isolating devices connected to them, at least one of which is made composite, including at least two series-connected elements. At least one of the elements is made flexible, pliable in the horizontal direction and provides seismic isolation and seismic damping of vibrations during relatively frequent design earthquakes, referred to as design (PZ), and the connection of the elements is made sliding and includes friction-movable bolted connections from a package of steel sheets with oval holes through which high-strength bolts are passed. EFFECT: increased reliability of operation and service life of the structure, as well as increased efficiency of damping vibrations of the bridge support caused by seismic vibrations in any given design range of the impact level. 21 w.p. f-ly, 12 ill.

The invention relates to the construction of bridges and can be used to generate electricity. A horizontal shaft is installed in the ledge and the rack. Blades are attached to the shaft. A gear is attached to the shaft. A gear is fixed on the shaft of the electric generator, which is in contact with the gear. Water flowing near the support pushes the blade. A voltage is formed on the stator of the electric generator, it enters the power line. In winter, a time relay supplies voltage to the winches. Tanks located on the water sail away under the influence of the current from their winches, unwinding the cables. Then the time relay supplies voltage to the electric motors of the winches. The tanks return against the current, respectively, to the winches. The teeth of the container break the ice in front of the blades, on the sides of the blades and behind the blades. Thus, the blades are constantly rotating in ice-free water. The bridge of the proposed design generates electricity high power. 4 ill.

The invention relates to transport systems and can be used in the field of bridge building. The bridge structure contains at least one support carrying the superstructure. The superstructure consists of at least one section of the tubular shell, made along the length with an open lower part. The edges of the lower part, located along the tubular shell, are directed or bent inside the tubular shell with the possibility of forming a section of the roadway between each of the above edges and the shell wall adjacent to it for moving the mover along it vehicle. The distance between sections of the carriageway corresponds to the track of the vehicle. Sections of the roadway are made with the possibility of influencing them through the vehicle weight movers of inclination in the transverse plane or underslope, the value of which is calculated from the modulus of elasticity of the shell material and the weight of the vehicle, with the possibility of self-regulation of the motion stability or stabilization of the vehicle. The bridge structure is characterized by minimal operating costs with wider operational capabilities. 1 z.p. f-ly, 5 ill.

The method of construction of bridges, elevated iron and highways consists of suspending a bridge or road deck using a self-centering system that is perpendicular to the bridge deck. The self-centering system contains an inner and outer base, on which there are groups of at least 3 inner and outer rollers on each base with the possibility of rotation about the axes, and the number of inner and outer rollers is the same, the inner and outer rollers are interconnected by a closed cable, belt or chain, moreover, when the cable, belt or chain moves along its axis, all rollers rotate at the same speed, the direction of rotation of the inner rollers is opposite to the direction of rotation of the outer rollers, the outer base covers the inner base. 6 ill.

The method of construction of bridges and elevated railways consists in suspension of the span construction of the bridge using a universal self-centering system, which is located perpendicular to the span structure of the bridge. The self-centering system contains an inner and outer base, on which there are groups of at least 3 inner and outer rollers on each base with the possibility of rotation about the axes, and the number of inner and outer rollers is the same, the inner and outer rollers are interconnected by a closed cable, belt or chain, moreover, when the cable, belt or chain moves along its axis, all rollers rotate at the same speed, the direction of rotation of the inner rollers is opposite to the direction of rotation of the outer rollers. The outer base covers the inner base. 6 ill.

The invention relates to the field of construction and can be used in the construction of bridges over mountain rivers when blocking large spans. The technical result is the reliability of the bridge structure with an increased length of the bridged span and low material consumption due to an increase in its bearing capacity. A bridge with cantilever supports includes a superstructure with cantilevers and cantilever supports. The consoles are located on crossbars mounted on cantilever supports constructed on the shore, each of which is made in the form of a rectangular slanted triangular truss with uprights. The right angle of the truss is turned towards the crossbars, and the lower belt, directed from the bank to the middle of the river, together with the central pillar of the truss, are rigidly fixed in foundation slab and are connected by a horizontal rod to a recessed slab. The central post in the upper part is connected to an inclined post fixed in a recessed slab. 1 ill.

The invention relates to bridge building, and in particular to a method and device for dismantling bridges. The method of dismantling the beam reinforced concrete span of the bridge using a cable-stayed system allows you to quickly remove the span from its location and the possibility of dismantling the span on the shore due to the fact that hydraulic jacks are installed under the lower chord for jacking, after which channels are installed under the lower chord of the beams, then a metal traverse is installed, after that the traverse is combined with channels, then a pylon is built on the traverse, then the guys are suspended and pulled, after that the supporting parts of the beams are changed to a movable device, after which the superstructure is pulled along with the formed prefabricated structure onto the receiving stocks placed on shore, and disassemble the superstructure. The channels under the lower belt of the beams are installed in the longitudinal direction. The traverse is installed along the entire span of the bridge to be dismantled. The traverse and channels are connected by means of vertical rods, followed by welding between them. The pylon is built, for example, in the middle of the span. As a mobile device, rollers or fluoroplastic gaskets are used. The invention allows to increase the efficiency of dismantling due to the maximum quick removal superstructure from the place of its deployment and the possibility of its dismantling on the shore. 6 w.p. f-ly, 5 ill.

supports require scheduled repairs in accordance with the identified defects. Due to the difference in the construction heights of the old and new superstructures, it is necessary to rebuild the trusses to keep the mark of the rail sole at the same level, and to replace the supporting parts.

3.2. Characteristics of new superstructures.

Main spans (2-3, 3-4, 4-5)

Estimated length: 77.00m;

Panel length: 4x8.25+2x5.5+4x8.25m;

Number of panels: 10;

Truss height in the middle of the span: 11.25m;

Construction height in span: 1.57m;

Distance between axes of farms: 5,7m;

Metal consumption per 1 running meter structures: 2.96t;

Metal consumption for the entire span: 230.0t;

Total weight of the superstructure: 323.4t;

Side spans (1-2, 5-6)

Estimated length: 11.50m;

Construction height in span: 1.85m;

Total weight of the superstructure: 32.0t;

A diagram of the new main span structures is shown in Figure 3.

Fig.3. Scheme of the new main spans.

3.3. Technology of replacement of superstructures 1-2, 5-6.

The replacement of the extreme span structures is carried out by the EDK-500 crane.

Work must be done through windows.

The superstructure is assembled near the place of its installation parallel to the railway track on the embankment of the approach to the bridge. The finished superstructure is loaded by a full swing crane on the EDK-500 railway track onto an empty railway platform and transported to the place of its installation together with the crane. The span structures are also replaced by the EDK-500 crane.

The crane is brought into working position: outriggers are installed, counterweights are hung. The replaced superstructure is removed with a crane and installed on temporary supports outside the clearance of the buildings. After that, the installation of a new superstructure takes place.

Cleaning of the old superstructure is carried out by the same crane, but in the next window.

Crane outriggers are installed on temporary embankments with a cage lining made of timber or old sleepers.

From the side of Tuapse, a new superstructure is first installed along the axis of the assembly of new trusses, for the implementation of semi-hinged installation of lattice superstructures, by a crane on a railway track, thus. installation of a temporary abutment along the dismantling axis is not required.

When removing the old superstructure from the side of Armavir, temporary supports are used for transverse movement and a temporary abutment.

The schedule of work in the window for the replacement of the span is given in Appendix 1.

3.4. Technology for replacing spans 2-3, 3-4, 4-5.

The replacement of the main span structures is carried out by the method of transverse movement.

Temporary supports are mounted at a distance of 12 m from the axis of the bridge on both sides.

This method is most widely used in the practice of replacing superstructures of medium and large spans. The technology of work on the replacement of the span structure provides for:

Assembly of a new bridge on an axis parallel to the axis of the existing bridge using the semi-mounted method;

The device of rolling devices;

Arrangement of traction (pushing) and braking devices;

Transverse (across the bridge axis) roll-out of the superstructure to be replaced along special piers located at the ends of the superstructure;

Cross-rolling of a new span to the place of the one being replaced with preliminary reconstruction of the under-truss platforms of the support;

Installation of a new superstructure on the supporting parts with preliminary dismantling of rolling devices;

Cleaning of the old superstructure;

Dismantling of technological facilities.

The assembly of a new superstructure is carried out by a semi-mounted method using an EDK-500 crane and a UMK-1 derrick crane.

The movement is carried out using special rolling devices along the piers transferred between permanent and temporary supports. The design of the temporary support is shown on sheet 2 of the set of drawings. Electric winches of large rope capacity are used as traction devices. Traction forces are created through chain hoists. Braking devices are similar to traction devices.

The transverse movement of the span is carried out in "windows" in the train schedule. The superstructures move across the axis of the bridge along special piers, similar in design to temporary rolling supports used for longitudinal sliding. Transverse shifting of the old and new spans is carried out at a minimum speed (30-40 cm/min) using traction and rolling devices similar to those used for longitudinal sliding.

At the end of the shift, the new span structure is jacked up, the under-girder is rebuilt and new bearing parts are installed.

The schedule of work in the window for the replacement of the span structure is given in Appendix 2.

3.5. Technology of dismantling of old superstructures.

Replaced span structures 78.40 m long are subject to cutting and scrapping.

The dismantling of superstructures is economically expedient to be carried out by the method of longitudinal shifting of superstructures and subsequent dismantling on a temporary embankment.

For the longitudinal shift of the combined span l=3x77, it is necessary to install 6 additional temporary supports from the MIK-S elements, two for each span.

Foundations:

A vertical crack approximately along the axis of the bridge with an opening of more than 0.5 mm passes almost along the entire height of the abutment. To eliminate the defect, it is necessary to install reinforced concrete belts that compress the body of the abutment, or to install a protective reinforced concrete jacket. For compression, reinforcing bars or high-strength ropes are passed through the body of the abutment, which are subsequently compressed along the belts using anchor devices and jacks or nuts. The force can be controlled with a torque wrench or by pulling the rods.

To prevent the development of small hairline cracks with an opening close to critical, the abutment body can be partially shotcrete with pre-installation of reinforcing meshes.

Channel supports:

There are defects on the intermediate supports in the form of deep cracks, masonry disorders and mortar leaching.

To prevent the development of these defects, it is necessary to carry out the grouting of the masonry, which consists in injecting a water-cement mortar into the masonry through wells drilled in the support, which will connect the disconnected parts of the array into a single whole.

Wells with a diameter of 35 mm are drilled with a perforator. They are placed in a checkerboard pattern in the seams between the stones. Lateral wells are arranged obliquely to the horizon on both sides of the support to a depth of not more than 3/8 of the support thickness.

Demolition of bridges of any type is one of the specializations of the Triumph construction company. We have all necessary tolerances, workers and technical means for dismantling of bridges of any complexity.

Our services

How much does it cost to demolish a bridge?

The preliminary cost of dismantling the bridge is calculated based on the following data:

The exact cost of the work will be given to you by our specialist after visiting the site and carrying out all the necessary engineering calculations.

Dismantling technology

Work begins with an inspection of the object, after which a decision is made on the use of certain technical means.

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Working documentation can be downloaded in pdf format (scan)

The history of the construction of the overpass

Demolition and dismantling project capital construction(overpass) The overpass is single-span, double-track under I, 11 main tracks. The design scheme is 1x5.0 m, the total length of the overpass is 7.73 m, the opening is 4.0 m. The distance between the cabinet walls is 5.73 m.

The overpass was built in 1861 during the construction of the Moscow-Petushki line through Obiralovsky passage in the village of Kuchino, to pass traffic.

In 1976, the bridge was overhauled with the replacement of span structures, according to project No. ZhDP-7352, carried out by the Zheldorproekt Institute in 1973.

In 2002, in the immediate vicinity of the overpass in the body of the railway embankment from the side of Petushki, two road tunnels were built to allow vehicles to pass through.

At the moment, under the overpass, the passage for vehicles is closed, there is a passage of pedestrians.

Overpass construction

Reinforced concrete overpass, single-span, double-track.

Span structures - reinforced concrete, slab, two-block, design span - 5.0 m. Total length - 5.6 m. Made in relation to standard project inv. No. 557, designed for the load S-14, installed in 1976, the volume of reinforced concrete of each span is 10.25 m3

Supporting parts - metal, welded, flat, grade P-1, made according to the standard project Inventory No. 557

The massive stone abutments were built in 1861. The length of the abutments is 2.86 m, the width is 10.73 m, the volume of laying the abutments with foundations is 369.87 m3.

At overhaul of the overpass in 1976, the cabinet walls of the abutments and cordon blocks were partially dismantled, new cordon blocks were installed on the side of the II track.

The rubble-concrete wings are attached to the abutments, located at an angle to the abutments, on the right side along the course of kilometers the wings are lengthened with FBS blocks, on the left side they are connected to the concrete retaining walls of the III track bridge abutments.

The foundation of shallow laying on a natural basis. The depth of the foundation is 2.13 m.

The path on the overpass and jointless approaches on reinforced concrete sleepers. R-65 rails. Crushed stone ballast.

Prior to the start of work, it is necessary to carry out the following organizational and technical measures:

Comprehensively inspect the structures in order to clarify the future scope of work, identify dangerous places and determine measures to ensure the safety of people. Based on the results of the survey, an act is drawn up on the basis of which solutions to the following issues are determined (selection of a method for dismantling, establishing the sequence of work, dust suppression measures, etc.);

Decide on the order, stages, demolition queues:

Disable existing communications: electricity;

Enclose the work area (construction site) with a security mesh fence;

Tolerance outsiders prohibited from entering the site;

Do not allow unauthorized people and animals to enter the facility;

Carry out the removal of green spaces in accordance with the transfer statements;

The overpass dismantling project proposes to dismantle all structures by dismantling;

Complex auxiliary structures and devices.

Works on the dismantling of the overpass are being carried out in the conditions of the current railway. High-speed rolling stock circulates on this section.

To ensure safe traffic for the duration of the work, the project provides for the dismantling of the Obiralovsky overpass under the unloading packages along all three tracks.

The unloading package with an estimated length of 18.2 m with a ride on top on wooden crossbars was made according to a standard project 2176/2000.

Due to the fact that high-speed trains circulate on the section, the project provides for the installation of a pile foundation for temporary package spans from metal pipes with a diameter of 630 mm and a wall thickness of 8 mm.

Security devices are represented by counter-corners and security corners. Pedestrian sidewalks on metal consoles with wooden plank flooring are arranged on both sides of the span. In order to place the superstructure on abutments No. 0 "and No. G, on one side, the sidewalk consoles are shortened and there is no railing. The railing of the sidewalks consists of metal posts and a handrail, filled with round bars. The elements of the superstructure are made of steel grades 15KhSND or 10KhSND Elements of sidewalks, railings, diaphragms of the main beams made of steel grade 16D Supporting the superstructure on the abutments VU1, VU2 through movable support parts type T2PL according to N 2120RCH, developed by Transmost OJSC. for fixing the supporting parts. The position of the supporting parts on the grillage of the temporary abutment is fixed with stops. On the abutments No. 0 "and No. G, the superstructure rests on fixed support parts of the T2N type according to the project N 2120RCH, developed by Transmost OJSC. In the lower belt and the supporting sheet of the superstructure, holes of Ø25mm are arranged for fastening the supporting parts with bolts.

The abutments for the 3rd track are without grillage, on a pile foundation of 2 piles. Piles made of pipe f630x8, length 7.4 m, VST20 steel. Pedestals for supporting span structures from I-beams No. 55B1

Abutments under the 1st and 2nd way are without grillage, on a pile foundation of 4 piles. Piles made of pipe f630x8, length 7.4 m, VST20 steel.

Temporary superstructures rest on a transverse crossbar, which, in turn, rests on piles along the edges and on a longitudinal crossbar of I-beams No. 55B

Construction site organization

For the arrival of construction equipment on both sides of the overpass through I N-th way technological races are arranged. For the arrival of equipment in between tracks, technological floorings are arranged across the railway tracks, which are used only during the “window”.

Between the tracks, two technological platforms are arranged for the operation of an excavator with attachments. Parking of the excavator between tracks is carried out with strict observance of the clearance of the approach of the building along adjacent tracks.

To serve the staff, a platform with change houses, toilets and a foreman's room is arranged.

Technological sequence of work

Work on the installation of temporary bridges is being carried out in "windows", according to the schedule for their provision, developed in the PPR.

All works on the device of temporary bridges are divided into two stages:

. Stage I. Installation of the pile foundation of temporary bridges.

Temporary package superstructure (TSS) under th way rests on a pile foundation in the amount of 2 pcs. from each side. Piles are met. a pipe of 630 mm and a wall thickness of 8 mm and a length of 10 m. Prior to the start of the main “window”, the piles are transported to the work site by an automatic machine with ADM-4 and unloaded into the inter-track respecting the approach dimension of the building.

After the start of the “window”, the pile is driven to the design mark by an excavator with attachments, a vibratory driver with a side grip Movax SP-40F. At the time of work on the site, the contact network is not dismantled.

In this way, a pile foundation is made for the temporary span structure of the 3rd track. When the excavator is operating, the clearance on adjacent tracks is not violated.

Similar technological sequence installation of a pile foundation and for temporary package spans of the 1st and 2nd tracks.

. Stage II. Installation of the superstructure of supports and temporary package spans.

Prior to the start of work in the main "window", transportation to the place of work, unloading and laying out at the site of technological equipment, structures of support heads, longitudinal and transverse crossbars is carried out. As well as cutting jointless lashes in the area of ​​work on inventory rails 3x12.5 m for each track and bolting them into rail joints.

In the main "window" with the closure of traffic along the III track, the UK-25SP track-laying crane dismantles the superstructure of the track with the loading of the links onto the cover platform. After dismantling the first link, the excavator starts dismantling the soil to the design mark for cutting the pipe piles, installing their heads and supporting crossbars.

After dismantling the superstructure of the track, the track-laying crane is retracted to a safe distance of 50 m. After that, the team of workers starts cutting the ballast trough.

In parallel with these works, the pile foundation is being built from the opposite side.

After cutting the ballast trough, a track-laying crane is brought in and the existing superstructure of the 3rd track is torn off and dismantled with loading onto the cover platform.

After dismantling the existing superstructure of the 3rd track, the tracklayer is retracted to a safe distance, the platform is uncoupled from the superstructure of the track and the existing superstructure. Next, the platform is transported to the place of unloading at the base of the local IF or PMS.

After that, the second set is fed to the crane by a cover platform with a submerged temporary package superstructure and a bridge deck.

In parallel with these works, the construction of the pile foundation and the installation of the support crossbar, as well as the felling of the top of the cabinet wall with a backhoe loader with hydraulic hammer attachments to the design level, is ongoing. The crossbar is mounted by an excavator boom from the track to the design position.

After completing the construction work and felling the concrete of the top of the cabinet wall, a track-laying crane is installed, which mounts a temporary package span structure on the axis of the track.

At the final stage, the sinuses are filled with crushed stone, the installation of the bridge deck, security devices, and the restoration of the contact network

Installation of temporary bridges under the 1st and 1st tracks is carried out in a "window" with the closure of traffic on both tracks. The dimension along the 3rd path is not violated.

The rest of the work is carried out in the same sequence.

There are various situations when it is necessary to completely or partially dismantle the bridge: repair of the pavement on it, carrying out a comprehensive reconstruction of the territory, construction of new roads (because of which the bridge is no longer needed). There are a number of nuances that should be taken into account when conducting these events.

First of all, the choice of technology depends on the task and specifications performance of work:

• What type of bridge is to be dismantled? This can be either a structure on water bodies, with supports at the bottom of reservoirs, or a land road bridge (overpasses, interchanges and other road structures).
• What material is the structure made of? When choosing dismantling methods, this is a fundamental issue. Most often, two types of bridges are used: reinforced concrete and metal, but sometimes wooden ones can also be used.
• What kind of dismantling is needed: full or partial? With complete demolition, powerful destructive methods are used, for example, explosive technologies or the destruction of supports using heavy equipment. If, for example, it is required to remove, for example, only the top coating, leaving the supports and the frame, thinner solutions, such as Brokk robots, will do. For example, using this link, you can order dismantling of bridges using robots of this brand.
• What is the mode of operation of the object? In most cases, bridges to be demolished are completely blocked and traffic is prohibited on them. However, sometimes, when it comes to important interchanges, their complete overlap is not possible. Then partial dismantling works can be carried out, when one lane is open, and on one of the lanes the top coating is removed for the purpose of subsequent repair.
• What is the state of the structure? The more dilapidated and dilapidated the condition of the object, the higher the precautions required during demolition. In addition, the condition directly affects the choice of the optimal dismantling method.
• Is water access required? The need to perform work on the water significantly complicates the task. In some situations, even high-tech methods using diamond cutting wires that cut the supports under water are justified.

About the importance of safety

Any dismantling work is one way or another associated with an increased risk to the lives of personnel. Therefore, it is important to develop a dismantling technology, consider safety precautions and strictly adhere to these standards when performing all types of work.