Summer has come, which means heat, heat and an eternal lack of coolness. But this problem is fixable, and pretty easy. You only need a few details and some free time to make your life easier with your own hands, fill it with light coolness, which you will certainly get by making USB fan Houses. Of course, you can go and buy a fan in the store, but how nice it will be to sit near the same computer, and a light breeze will blow on you from the USB fan you created. And a thing created by one's own hands always pleases not only the eye, but also develops selfishness.
We offer you to watch a homemade video - usb fan:
Tools for usb fan:
- Regular CD (not necessarily new);
- A tube of silicone glue is empty;
- Wooden block;
- Mini disk;
- USB cable;
- Motor;
- Holder;
- Adapter;
- Silicone glue gun.
Three holes must be made in the tube, one in the lid, and two on the sides. Holes are easy to make using a regular nail, which must first be heated.
IN wooden bar it is also necessary to make a slot or recess. This can be done easily with sandpaper.
The mini disk easily turns into a propeller. To do this, it must be drawn into uniform blades, then heated with a clerical knife and cut along pre-drawn lines. And after that, we heat the base of each blade with a lighter and with the help of our hands we bend each blade a little to make a propeller.
We take the motor, holder and adapter from a non-working CD drive.
Now let's start assembling the USB fan.
Heat up the glue gun. Lubricate the holder along the axis with silicone glue from a glue gun. The propeller must be firmly planted on this glue. Press on all sides. Then, on the other side of the holder, we drip a drop of glue and glue the adapter. We are waiting for the glue to dry well. This usually only takes a couple of minutes.
Now we take a tube of silicone glue, remove the lid and grease the inside with silicone glue. And inside we insert the motor so that the part that we will connect sticks out of the hole that we originally made.
Then we put the USB cable into the side hole of the glue tube and connect the ends of the wires to the motor.
It is necessary to pour silicone glue into the recess in the wooden bar, and put the wire from the USB cable tightly there, and glue the tube with the motor inside to the base of the bar. And on the other side of the bar, glue the CD on silicone glue.
Now the propeller must be mounted on the side of the adapter glued to it on the sharp edge of the motor, which sticks out of the hole in the glue tube.
And finally, our USB fan can be plugged in and get that long-awaited coolness.
in front of you general form low-noise TsAGI fan (see Fig. 1). It consists of an electric motor, a housing and an impeller (impeller). The fan can be made without a case. But then it will not give such a powerful air flow. The fan diameter can be up to 400 mm.
If you have an electric motor and you know its maximum speed, then according to the graph (Fig. 2), it is easy for you to determine what maximum diameter you can make a fan.
So, you have decided to make a fan. Keep in mind that the noise of the entire installation is made up of the noise of the motor and the impeller. So if you want a quiet fan, then choose a quiet electric motor.
The fan impeller is made of metal, duralumin or steel sheet. The thickness of the sheet is selected depending on the diameter of the impeller in the range of 0.5-2 mm. How larger diameter impellers, the thicker the sheet should be taken.
First, unfold the impeller. The dimensions of this scan are shown in Figure 3. Here, the numbers indicate not millimeters, but fractions of the radius of the impeller blade. To obtain dimensions in millimeters, multiply the indicated figures by the selected radius of the fan impeller. Then give the blades of the impeller the desired profile - knock them out on a blank. Make a blank out of hard rock wood according to the dimensions shown in Figure 4. Here, the dimensions are also given in fractions of the radius of the impeller.
How to get such a blank? It is processed in three curved patterns. These templates are made from flat templates (Figure 5). You will find the bending radii of bent templates and the dimensions of flat templates in the table. Bent templates check the correctness of the manufacture of the blank in three sections I-I, II-II, III-III. Align the ends of the template arc with the corresponding vertical marks on the sides of the blank. Make sure that the axial risks on the templates and the blank are located in the same plane. Templates are easiest to make from tin. But any metal or plastic sheet will do, only the working edge of the templates must be made no thicker than 0.5 mm.
The working surface of the blank should be smooth and smooth. To do this, it must be thoroughly cycled and cleaned with sandpaper. Only after that it is possible to knock out the blades of the fan impeller on it. To prevent the impeller blank from moving during the drift, nail it in the center to the blank. And to increase the rigidity of the blades, after knocking them out at the root of the blade along the axis, make small indentations - ridges.
The sleeve for landing the impeller on the axis of the electric motor is machined on lathe, or made manually such as shown in Figure 6. The impeller with the sleeve are connected with rivets or screws.
When the fan impeller is assembled, be sure to balance it statically.
We have already said above that the fan can be made with or without a case. Figure 1 shows one of options hull structures. Other designs are also possible.
You are sitting at the computer, summer is outside, there is no air conditioning. The hand is already tired of endlessly fanning itself with a newspaper, and sweat drips from the forehead onto the keyboard. Common situation? If there is no extra money, help homemade fan. To make it, you do not need to run to the store for details. Everything you need for a blower is in the house. Don't know how to make a free fan at home? Follow the text!
What is an air cooler made of?
- engine
- fan blades
- stand
- power supply
The last item can be omitted if you make a USB fan with your own hands. The computer has a voltage of 5 volts. You will need a printer cable, an old "mouse", or any unnecessary device with a USB cable.
If you are a fan of homemade products, there are probably some in the house useful trash. Otherwise, you do not need to know how to make a fan with your own hands.
Did you find an electric motor in the box with unnecessary parts? You can make a fan out of a motor from an old drive or a broken toy. Consider a few examples of how to make a mini fan from improvised materials.
Glue, cardboard, toy motor
To make a small propeller, you will need a piece of corrugated cardboard 30 × 30 cm.
We glue the support in 2-3 layers, the area is not less than two palms. We make a rack for the engine in the form of a prism 10–15 cm high. For cutting, we will use a clerical knife. We bend the design along the line.
How to make a mini fan durable and stable? Let's use glue gun. No other adhesive will make the connection as secure.
We connect with hot glue, and as thick as possible: the design should turn out to be monolithic. The blades can be made from thinner cardboard. Suitable packaging from an accessory for a mobile phone.
This is the most critical element: the blades must be exactly the same in shape and weight. Otherwise, your propeller will vibrate during operation, and quickly fall apart.
We glue the blades (carefully) on a cardboard sleeve, observing aerodynamics. The planes should be turned 30–45 degrees in opposite directions. For simplicity of design, we assemble a USB fan with two blades. They are easier to balance, and such a propeller will cope with cooling no worse than a three-blade one.
Trial run and balancing
We make a hole in the very center of the bushing (using an awl), put it on the motor axis, and carry out a test run. Of course, before assembly, it is necessary to coordinate the angle of attack of the blades with the direction of rotation of the motor. Otherwise, the fan will blow reverse side. If vibration is present, the propeller can be easily balanced by simply crawling the blades. After making sure that the propeller spins smoothly and blows where it is required, we glue the motor onto the stand. Clay do not feel sorry!
We connect the USB cable to the power wires of the engine. Of course, it is better to do this with a soldering iron, but given the meager power, you can get by with a simple twist. The main thing is not to forget to insulate the connection with electrical tape or tape.
How to determine the power contacts of a USB wire
Any USB connector consists of 4 pins. We are not interested in the middle ones, these are information wires. The 5 volt supply is at the extreme contacts. Desoldering in the illustration:
If you reverse the polarity, nothing bad will happen. The motor will just spin in the wrong direction. How to determine the motor supply voltage? There is no need to look for markings. If the toy (where it was installed) is powered by three batteries (1.5 volts each), then the motor is 5 volts. If from two batteries - for USB power supply he won't fit.
CD
You don't know how to make an efficient CD fan? It's easier than it looks. We mark the disk into 8 sectors. An even number of blades is easier to balance if axial runout occurs.
Cut out the blades with regular scissors. You can do this work with a construction knife, or melt the sectors with a soldering iron - big difference No. If you inadvertently break a CD, get a new one.
The extra segments are broken out, the rest are given the aerodynamic shape of the propeller. To do this, it is enough to heat the workpiece over a candle or with a building hair dryer. If you make a mistake with the geometry, you can always correct the situation by reheating. This is the advantage of crafts made from a CD.
Glue a thickening in the center of the structure: any piece of plastic 5-10 mm. We drill a hole in it for landing on the motor shaft.
Where to get an electric motor
In this design, a drive from a disk drive is used. Power supply 5 volts, moderate speed. Most likely, you don't have a disk drive gathering dust on the shelf, it can be found in the system unit. No one uses floppy disks anyway, you can safely disassemble it for spare parts.
Convenient flat motor housing allows you to assemble the fan on a flexible leg. To do this, we twist a piece of single-core copper wire into a pigtail, and wind it to the power cable with electrical tape.
A motor with a propeller is glued to a flexible stand either with hot glue or wrapped with the same electrical tape. Unless you're going to enter a fan design contest, you don't have to worry about aesthetics.
After spending 2-3 hours, you get a convenient portable "device" that can be installed anywhere without leaving your computer.
Aesthetics from a plastic bottle
If you want not only fresh air, but also to make the product pleasing to the eye, we use other materials. The basic components remain the same: a motor from a child's toy and an old USB cable. By the way, you can connect such a fan to a 220 volt outlet using a smartphone charger (with that de USB port).
The highlight of the design is the body. The propeller is made from plastic bottle. The twisted plug will serve as an axial sleeve. The rack can be made from a bunch of straws for a cocktail.
We assemble an elegant base from the second PET bottle and a CD glued from below. With free accessories, you can install a connector and a switch.
Despite the “lightness” of the design, the fan turned out to be quite stable. If necessary, you can put some weight in the case.
Using Factory Parts
We return to the presence in the home workshop of conditionally unnecessary components for the computer. For example, a cooler from a power supply or a system unit.
The electrical part of the work is reduced to a minimum. If the power supply is 5 volts, we work according to the scheme: USB cable. To supply 12 volts, you will have to look for a power supply, or a phone charger. In addition, there are "turbines" that are connected to a 220 volt network.
Actually, to make a fan out of a cooler from a computer, it is enough to fix it on some kind of stand. And if you use batteries instead of a USB cable, you can organize a flow of fresh air anywhere.
Related videos
Nowadays it is impossible to imagine a hot season without a fan. At this time, both large models and small ones are important. But, unfortunately, the latter are many times more expensive, and not every store will find a suitable model. Do not rush to fork out - there is a way out!
In this article, we will give you some ideas on how to make a DIY fan at home. This process is quite exciting, so it will be possible to involve teenage children in it.
Cooler fan
This is the easiest way to make a home fan. For manufacturing, we need a cooler from an old computer. This part itself is already operational, we just have to correctly connect it to the wire.
If the future fan will be in close proximity to the computer, then a standard USB cable will do as a wire. We cut off the unnecessary edge of the cord with a small connector and strip the wires. Similarly, we clean the wires at the cooler.
Sometimes there are more than two wires in the cooler and USB cable, remember, we need black and red color of two wires in one and in the other element. We don't need the rest.
After stripping, we connect the red wire to red, black to black, the connections must be properly insulated. After isolation, the fan is already quite working, it remains to come up with it original stand to your taste and glue it to the cooler. All! The device is ready!
The speed of the cooler device is quite high, so you can safely use it as a fan for drying hands.
Disc construction
This device is more complex than the one made from a cooler. For manufacturing, we need a motor with a protruding iron rod. These motors can be taken from an old toy, VCR or player (the latter option is the most suitable, because it is the player that has a standard disc attachment). We connect the motor with the wires in the above way.
We cut the disk into eight future blades, when cutting we do not reach the end inner edge. Slightly heat the disc to soften and bend the blades, like a conventional fan. Instead of a disc, you can use a plastic bottle.
We insert a cork from a bottle into the center of the blades, it is the cork that will be the connector of the motor and the blades. If the insert is too big, then carefully cut it with a knife.
Having connected all the details, we supplement the finished structure with a stable stand. To do this, you can use a sleeve from a roll toilet paper and a second whole disk, which will serve as a common support.
To fasten the parts to each other will be better use high-quality glue, so that in the future the structure will last a long time and not crumble.
Fan made of two plastic bottles
This design is more complex, requires a more serious approach in manufacturing. The result is a great way to make some sort of DIY table or floor fan.
For the manufacture we need:
- two bottles of different sizes - 0.5 and 1.5 liters;
- small motor type 12 V DC;
- 7 thick tubes for drinks;
- power supply and connector to it;
- CD disk;
- hot glue and superglue;
- switch;
- plastic ties.
Accessories:
- marker;
- scissors or knife;
- insulating tape;
- soldering iron;
- wire cutters.
From a bottle with a smaller volume, we cut the blades, as indicated above. We make a hole in the center of the cork with a hot awl or nail. We put the cover on the engine and fix everything with hot glue.
We build a stand. We firmly glue the drinking tubes together with superglue - this is our future rack. We cut out the upper part from the second bottle and insert the glued tubes up to the middle of its length, not forgetting to fix the connection with superglue.
We install the engine with blades on a rack of tubes, additionally smearing everything with hot glue again. We hide the wires in tubes, so they are inside the rack. We fasten the design of the engine and the rack with plastic ties, gluing them along the tubes with hot glue and cutting off the remaining excess edges.
We cut holes in the bottom of the rack for the power supply connector and switch. We connect them, not forgetting about good insulation. We fix everything to the plastic with hot glue.
For weighting and stability of the base, we construct a bottom from a disk. To do this, simply glue the disc with the edges of the plastic bottle with hot glue.
We connect the power supply to the connector, and now - the fan is ready to work!
What to do if the household fan does not work?
So, we already know how to make a fan on our own. But in your household there is probably a faulty factory-made fan. Design similar products simple (you can use the instructions), so for those who are especially curious, the final topic of the article will be - repair floor fan at home.
Causes of the malfunction
We list the main problems in which the device does not work and possible ways their elimination.
The unit does not turn on. If the light is on, but the device does not turn on, then the cause is probably a broken button. If the light does not light up, then the reason is most likely in the cord or plug.
Weak rotation of the blades - a signal of insufficient lubrication of the bearing inside the engine.
The fan stopped rotating left and right. It's all about the crank, its mounting screws can loosen or unscrew.
Buzzing and no rotation. There are three possible causes of failure - lack of lubrication on the bearings, a broken capacitor or an electric motor.
DIY fan photo
Creating a high density airflow is possible in several ways. One of the effective ones is a radial fan or "snail". It differs from others not only in form, but also in the principle of operation.
The device and design of the fan
For the movement of air, sometimes the impeller and the power unit are not enough. In conditions of limited space, a special type of design of exhaust equipment should be used. It attaches a spiral body that performs the function of an air channel. You can make it yourself or purchase a ready-made model.
For flow formation, a radial impeller is provided in the design. It is connected to the power unit. The blades of the wheel have a curved shape and create a discharged area when moving. It receives air (or gas) from the inlet pipe. When advancing along the spiral body, the speed at the outlet increases.
Depending on the application centrifugal fan snail can be general purpose, heat resistant or corrosion protected. It is also necessary to take into account the magnitude of the generated air flow:
- low pressure. Application area - production shops, Appliances. The air temperature should not exceed +80°С. Mandatory absence of aggressive environments;
- average pressure value. It is part of the extraction equipment for removing or transporting small fraction materials, grain sawdust;
- high pressure. Forms an air flow into the fuel combustion zone. It is installed in boilers of many types.
The direction of movement of the blades is determined by the design, and, in particular, the location of the outlet pipe. If it is located on the left side, the rotor should spin clockwise. The number of blades and their curvature are also taken into account.
For powerful models, you need to make a reliable base with fixing the case with your own hands. industrial plant will vibrate strongly, which can lead to its gradual destruction.
Self-manufacturing
First of all, you should decide on the functional purpose of the centrifugal fan. If it is necessary to ventilate a certain part of the room or equipment, the case can be made from improvised materials. To complete the boiler, you will need to use heat-resistant steel or make it from stainless steel sheets with your own hands.
First, the power is calculated and a set of components is determined. The best option there will be a dismantling of the snail from the old equipment - a hood or a vacuum cleaner. The advantage of this manufacturing method is the exact match between the power of the power unit and the parameters of the hull. A snail fan is easily made by hand only for some applied purposes in a small home workshop. In other cases, it is recommended to purchase a ready-made industrial-type model or take an old one from a car.
The procedure for making a centrifugal fan with your own hands.
- Calculation overall dimensions. If the device will be mounted in a limited space, special damper pads to compensate for vibration.
- Case manufacturing. In the absence of a ready-made structure, you can use sheets of plastic, steel or plywood. In the latter case Special attention is given to sealing joints.
- Scheme of installation of the power unit. It rotates the blades, so you should choose the type of drive. For small structures, a shaft is used that connects the motor gearbox to the rotor. In powerful installations, a belt-type drive is used.
- Fasteners. If the fan is installed on an external case, for example, a boiler, mounting U-shaped plates are made. With significant capacities, it will be necessary to make a reliable and massive base.
This is a general scheme by which you can make an exhaust functional centrifugal unit with your own hands. It may change depending on the availability of accessories. It is important to comply with the requirements for sealing the housing, as well as to ensure reliable protection power unit from possible clogging with dust and debris.
The fan will make a lot of noise during operation. It will be problematic to reduce this, since it is almost impossible to compensate for the vibration of the case during the movement of air flows with your own hands. This is especially true for models made of metal and plastic. The tree can partially reduce the sound background, but at the same time it has a short service life.
In the video you can see the process of manufacturing a case from PVC sheets:
Overview and comparison of production ready models
When considering a snail radial fan, it is necessary to take into account the material of manufacture: cast aluminum housing, sheet or stainless steel. A model is selected based on specific needs, let's consider an example of serial models in a molded case.
