The specialists of the Neman company have perfectly mastered the technology of applying polymer powder coating to both ready doors, and for non-standard designs. For this you have everything you need - knowledge, experience, strength and desire. Polymer painting is a waste-free and clean technology that allows you to obtain high-quality decorative, protective and decorative coatings.
Note that the appearance is formed from polymer powders applied to the painted part of the product fabric. Next, the product is heated and held at a certain temperature for several minutes. The low polymerization temperature makes it possible to paint glass and metal using this technology. In the last decade this technology has gained great popularity and is gradually replacing traditional methods of applying paint and varnish coatings.
One of the finishing options offered by the Neman company is Moire. What is this coating? This is the finish front door, offering a special powder coating structure. So, upon completion of the work there will be a special pattern on the canvas. Speaking figuratively, moire can be compared to the effect that sandpaper gives. The main advantages of this type are: practicality, aesthetics and versatility. Typically, such products are used in cases where it is necessary to obtain the maximum practicality possible. It is also effectively used to hide defects in the outer part of a metal door.
What benefits does a consumer receive when choosing moire coloring?
- High resistance to aggressive environments (alkalies, acids, organic solvents);
- Resistance to mechanical stress;
- Increased adhesion. In this case, the adhesion of paint particles to the surface being treated is 500 kg/nm;
- High anti-corrosion resistance;
- Environmental friendliness. The paint does not contain organic solvents and other types of volatile substances.
The main point of the painting method is to spray on previously cleaned metal coating powder paint. You need to know that paint particles receive an electrostatic charge, which allows the particle to stick to a product that has the opposite charge. Particles that have not had time to settle are captured in the spray chamber and can be used again. After this, the product is placed in a polymerization chamber for subsequent baking of the paint at a temperature level ranging from 180 to 200 degrees Celsius. Thus, a reliable, high-quality and safe decorative and protective design for humans is created on the canvas. Metal doors with Moire painting can be used not only for installation in apartments, cottages, but also in industrial facilities.
Along with silk, velvet, satin and brocade, the hero of our today’s article rightfully takes its place among materials associated with luxury and wealth. Moire fabric is one of the most elegant fabrics; its exquisite shine and almost holographic patterns have served as inspiration for many artists and poets.
Photos close up:
Description and history
How can you describe moire? The main difference between moire is its special pattern, similar to wood layers or waves. The unusual nature of moire even gave rise to the term “moire effect.” And the name itself - “moiret” - translated from French means “creating waves”. And this definition fully gives an idea of the “moire effect”.
Initially, moire fabric was silk; this fabric began to be produced in France at the end of the 18th century. At that time, the material personified luxury and was available only to the richest people. Luxurious ladies' and men's toiletries and wedding dresses were made from moire fabric. And the moire ribbon, in itself, was considered a badge of honor that was worn on the chest.
To tell everything about moire, you would need a whole book - this material has such a rich history.
In the photo - moiré fabric:
So what is moiré material? This is a plain weave fabric, which is created from silk, cotton or synthetic threads. The thickness of the moire and its density can be different, but the canvas is always monochromatic.
How is a moire pattern created on fabric? The fabric undergoes a calendering procedure - treatment with highly heated cylinders, which compress the weft threads and move them to the side. This deformation creates the effect of light refraction, and the displacement creates exquisite patterns.
You can purchase material consisting of polyester at a price of 800 rubles. The cost of material made from natural fiber starts from 3,500 rubles. 
Compound
Previously, the material was made either entirely from silk, or from silk thread in the warp, and cotton thread in the weft.
With the development of the textile industry and the invention of synthetic fiber, polyester appeared in the composition of the material, as well as acetate and viscose - fibers based on wood cellulose. 
Kinds
Actually, there are only two types:
- Grimoire. Dense material with fine optical patterns and bright tints.
- Moiret antique. Thin material with voluminous large shimmers
Velvet moire
Perhaps we’ll add a few words about the velvet-moiré fabric. This is a material that is visually similar to the hero of our article, but has nothing in common with it in terms of production method. In the description of velvet-moire fabric you will find the same moire patterns, but they do not appear on the fabric using the calendering method.
So what is velvet moiré fabric? This is a fabric with thick pile, where the pattern is obtained by combining fibers of different colors and lengths.
Find out what helps him to be so beautiful in another article.
Properties
Positive characteristics:
- Exquisite and elegant appearance
- The material holds its shape perfectly
- Highly durable
- Draps well
Flaws:
- Difficulties in care
- If stored incorrectly, permanent creases form on the fabric, which are then very difficult to get rid of.
Application
Moiré fabric is a classic that will never go out of style. It is still widely used:
- Evening dresses and wedding dresses
- Concert costumes
- As a binding material for luxury gift folios
- Curtains, drapes
- Marks of Excellence
- Furniture upholstery (with the condition that the furniture will not be used every day)
Care
- If the material is made of natural silk, and therefore expensive, it is better to entrust the cleaning to professionals
- You can care for fabrics of a lower class at home - hand wash in water no more than 30 degrees, do not rub or twist too much
- iron with wrong side, waiting until the product is completely dry
- Store hung or carefully folded
- If creases have formed as a result of storage, the product must be held over steam in the right places, and then ironed from the inside out
When two systems of contrasting stripes are superimposed, a pattern appears formed by their thickening in places where the stripes of one system fall into the spaces between the stripes of the other system. The occurrence of such patterns is called moire effect.
The simplest moiré pattern occurs when two systems of equidistant parallel stripes (lines) intersect at a slight angle. A small change in the angle of rotation of one of the systems leads to significant changes in the distance between the elements of the moire pattern.
A moire pattern is also formed when two non-intersecting systems of equidistant parallel lines are superimposed, when the step size of one of the systems is slightly different from the other. Moreover, the smaller the difference in pitch, the greater the distance between the moire fringes. This makes it possible to obtain a colossal increase (millions of times) in the difference in the width of the spaces between the lines. In other words, the moire effect makes it possible to visually detect, without the use of optical systems, minute deviations in almost identical periodic structures. Currently, the moiré method is widely used to control the accuracy of dividing devices for the manufacture of diffraction gratings.
Moiré appears in an electron micrograph of two crystals superimposed so that their atomic lattices are almost identical. Any defect that disrupts the regularity of the crystal structure is clearly visible in the moiré pattern. The magnification is such that it allows one to see displacements of atoms, the magnitude of which is less than the diameter of the atom itself.
If two lattices of equidistant parallel straight lines, slightly different in step size, are moved one relative to the other in a direction perpendicular to the lines, then the stripes of the moiré pattern will move at a speed much greater than the relative speed of movement of the lattices themselves. In this case, the direction of their movement coincides with the direction of the relative displacement of the lattice with a smaller step. Thus, a small movement of one of the gratings results in a large movement of the moiré fringes, which is easy to detect and measure.
Application example:
A method for determining deformations from a pattern of moire fringes, characterized in that, in order to increase the accuracy of measuring deformations, the ratio of the speeds of mutual movement of the deformed and reference meshes and the speed of movement of the moire fringe is determined, and the magnitude of the deformations is judged by the value of this ratio.
The described manifestation of the moire effect has long been used in all measuring instruments with nondus, such as a micrometer or caliper.
The moiré effect can be used to visualize minute changes in the refractive index of transparent media by placing them between gratings. For example, you can visually study the dynamics of the dissolution of two substances.
The same principle allows for express analysis of the quality of optical parts. The lenses are placed between the gratings; the presence of a convex lens increases the elements of the moire pattern, while a concave lens decreases them. In this case, both lenses rotate the pattern in opposite directions at an angle proportional to the focal length. In places where the structure or shape of the lenses is inhomogeneous, the pattern lines are distorted.
Another example of optical control:
An interference method for measuring the wedge shape of optical transparent plates, which consists in focusing a beam of light from a laser using a lens into the plane of a hole in the screen, behind which a controlled plate is installed, differing in that, in order to increase the accuracy and productivity of measurements, from the controlled plate with its In a fixed position, a transparent copy of the interference rings is obtained, the plate is rotated in its plane by 180, the interference pattern is superimposed on the copy, and the wedge shape of the platinum is measured using the width of the moiré fringes formed from the overlap.
A variety of moiré patterns can be created by combining lattices formed by a wide variety of lines, such as concentric circles, spiraling wavy or radially radiating lines from a point, and even families of evenly spaced dots. In this way, it is possible to simulate many complex physical phenomena, such as the interaction of electrostatic fields, wave interference, and others. Some problems of architectural acoustics are solved using similar methods.
In Japan, it has been proposed to use the moire effect to compile topographic maps of objects. The object is photographed through a grid of thin threads, casting a clear shadow on it. The shadow is deformed in accordance with the relief of the object and when it interacts with the real lattice, a moiré pattern appears, superimposed on the image of the object. In the photograph, the distance between the moire lines corresponds to the depth of the relief. This method is very effective, for example, in studying the deformation of rapidly rotating parts, in analyzing the flow of a surface layer of liquid around bodies in medical anatomical studies.
The versatility of the moire method, the ease of converting various quantities with its help, close to IFR, high resolution - all this suggests that inventors will turn to the moire effect more than once in their practice.
Unlike conventional liquid paint coatings, powder paint allows you to create many different protective and decorative effects. Let's look at some of them.
Zinc powder primer.
If the product will be used in difficult conditions and aggressive environments, it is recommended to apply preliminary protective covering. Galvanizing with powder primer is an excellent way to protect the metal surface from external influences and prevent corrosion. Powdered zinc primer contains up to 80% zinc, which creates a protective oxide film. When applying such a coating, it is recommended to clean the surface by sandblasting. Any powder paint can be applied over the powder coating.
Glossy or matte powder coating.
Powder paint allows you to achieve different degrees of surface gloss. This effect is created due to the different content of transparent powder particles contained in the powder paint. According to this indicator, coatings are divided into several categories:
- Gloss - from 70 to 90% gloss
- Semi-gloss - from 40 to 70% gloss
- Semi-matte - from 25 to 40% gloss
- Matt - from 10 to 25% gloss
- Deep matte - up to 10% gloss
The choice of one or another degree of gloss is best done by holding samples of various coatings in your hands, since the degree of gloss may differ from one manufacturer to another.
Covering Shagreen.
This coating has excellent decorative properties. In addition, shagreen hides minor defects in the surface being painted. The shagreen coating has a texture reminiscent of the peel of an orange or lemon.
This effect is created due to special particles that swell during polymerization and form a special coating texture.
Examples of shagreen coating.
Antique finish.
In addition to excellent protective properties, powder coating can give the product a wonderful and unique look. One way is to apply a layer of paint that imitates antique copper, silver or bronze. Currently, many manufacturers of powder paints create real masterpieces that make it possible to give any metal the nobility and mystery of antiquity. This coating is often used to create decorative products. For greater stability, it is recommended to coat such coatings with a protective layer of transparent powder varnish.
Examples of Antique powder coatings
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| Bronze | Copper | Silver | Gold | Blue | Green |
Moire coating.
Moire coating is perhaps the most beautiful of powder coatings. In texture, moiré resembles sandpaper small fraction. The colors of the moire coating can be any.
The most preferred colors for this type of coating are black or white. Moiré coating is often used to create unique interior metal products. Like shagreen, moire coating can hide minor defects on the surface of a metal product.
The word "moire" or "moire" on French indicate an iridescent pattern reminiscent of frozen waves or tree rings. Silk plain fabric with a relief “moiré” surface, creating a magnificent play of light and shadow, began to be called exactly the same. Initially, moire fabric was made only from high-quality silk. Today it can be semi-silk and even completely artificial, but it continues to remain just as mysteriously beautiful.
A little history
There is no reliable information about who owns the honor of creating moire. What is known is that its history stretches back to the Middle Ages, and silk fabrics with an optical effect came to Europe from the East about four centuries ago. Judging by the descriptions, there were two types of oriental moire: from plain silk and from silk with additional silver or golden threads woven in, which increased the cost of the fabric several times. Traders called this wavy-shimmering textile “obyar”, from the Persian “ob” - water. Only very wealthy people could afford to sew such clothes. Today it can only be found in museum photographs.
The first European country to master the production of moire fabric was France. The French equivalent is neither in quality nor appearance was not inferior to the eastern original source, successfully competed with it, and already at the beginning of the 17th century conquered not only all of Europe, but also Russia, where at the beginning of the 19th century they began to weave their “Russian” moire. For many years, right up to the start of the First World War, this material was rightfully considered one of the most beautiful, and every society beauty had at least one moire dress in her wardrobe.
Victor Schramm (1865-1929) Before the ball. Production Features
The secret to obtaining a moire pattern was that plain weave silk is calendered: passed through heated steel engraving cylinders under high pressure(up to 35 tons). They flatten the weft threads, changing their structure and directing the fibers in a different direction. Thanks to this deformation, a wavy pattern that is iridescent and unique in its lines appears on the silk surface, reminiscent of waves or rings on an oblique cut of wood.
Calendering of silk fabric.
Threads for making moire fabrics are dyed in advance. Therefore, canvases of this type can be of different densities and thicknesses, but always have a single color.
Later, fabric with iridescence began to be made based not only on silk, but also on many other materials, such as satin, jacquard, velvet, organza, velor, polyester. They are woven from fibers of various origins: silk, semi-silk, cotton, viscose, acetate, and they have one thing in common - a moiré pattern on the surface.
There are two types of moire:
- Moiré antique. Features a voluminous pattern. Its surface shimmers in the light with a bright matte shine due to a special technology of weaving threads. Using this technique, you can achieve catchy stains and sharp transitions from light to dark tones.
- Gromoire. Dense silk fabric of high quality with chaotic, clearly distinguishable large iridescences, made directly by the calendering method.
The brighter and clearer the moire tint, the higher the value of the fabric.
Gromoire is 100% silk fabric of the highest quality. 
Moiré tablecloth fabric made of 100% polyester. 
Organza moire for curtains made of 100% polyester. 
Moire satin jacquard made of mixed fibers for sewing men's shirts. 
The moiré surface is unique game color and light, which depends on the angle at which you look at it. Of the numerous family of moire fabrics, velvet can be especially distinguished - modern variety this magnificent pile textile, a flexible material that flows beautifully in draperies. The play of color, light and shadow on the velvet surface looks very impressive. Velvet, like any other moire, can be either natural (cotton) or synthetic (polyester). Sometimes elastic threads are added to it. This fabric stretches well and is ideal for sewing evening dresses. 
Velvet moiré - natural or artificial material with fine pile and spectacular tints.
Application areas of moire
Despite the difference in density and fiber composition, moire fabrics have a number of common advantages, thanks to which they are always in demand both in tailoring and in interior design. Their main advantages include:
- exquisite appearance;
- excellent drapability;
- ability to keep fit;
- strength and wear resistance.
As mentioned above, iridescent fabric has such a good texture that it does not need to be patterned. It is produced plain-colored, using all the richness of colors and shades.
In the XVIII-XIX centuries. moire was incredibly popular. On the canvases of some painters who worked in those days, it could be seen everywhere. They depict ladies in moire dresses, relaxing in rooms with windows decorated with curtains that shimmer in the light, furnished with furniture with patterned upholstery and walls upholstered in reflective fabric.
Fragment of an ancient women's dress from a gromoire. Today, the area of application of moire is also very diverse. It is made from:
- home textiles(drapes, curtains, bedspreads and pillowcases, tablecloths);
- festive clothes (wedding and evening dresses and suits, women's blouses and men's shirts);
- outfits in pop art and retro style;
- all kinds of accessories (clutch bags, ribbons, ball shoes, ties);
- upholstery for elegant furniture not for everyday use.
Evening suit from Versace in semi-silk moire antique. 
Magnificent Wedding Dress made of silk and organza. From moiré textiles you can create clothes and decor of any cut, but color transitions look most advantageous when large enough smooth surface without structural seams.
It should be remembered that the moiré pattern deteriorates from constant friction, so such fabrics are not the most the best material sewing furniture covers and trousers.
Unknown artist. Portrait of Field Marshal Count A.V. Suvorov (1730 – 1800) Another use of moire fabric, or rather gromoire, which cannot be kept silent about, is award and order ribbons. Most states have orders of them. Each award has a ribbon a certain color or combinations of colored stripes.
How to care for moire fabrics
In order for moire products to maintain a presentable appearance for as long as possible, they need to be looked after carefully:
- It is better to dry clean expensive silk items;
- automatic washing is possible only in delicate mode, at a temperature of 30 degrees, without spinning;
- acetate and polyester curtains with a moire pattern are washed by hand, without rubbing or twisting;
- detergents for washing, you should take the softest ones, for example biogels;
- drying is recommended on a flat surface, unfolded, away from heating devices and bright sun;
- ironing temperature is selected in accordance with the composition of the material;
- iron moire products only from the wrong side;
- moire should not be wetted when ironing - drops of water leave noticeable stains on its surface;
- creases easily form on such things, so you need to straighten them out as carefully as possible before drying;
- the resulting creases can be carefully straightened over steam;
- Moire home textiles are stored neatly folded and items hung on hangers.
Subject to proper care Products made from elegant moire textiles will serve for a very long time without losing their appearance.
Moire fabric is a wonderful way to create a holiday. Its exquisite dynamic tints form a special visual image and fill the space with luxury and a sense of inner freedom, so it wouldn’t hurt to have at least one moire item in every home or wardrobe. The moment when it will come in handy will definitely come.
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