Waste is a cheap fuel that can be used to operate the furnace. Used motor, industrial and transmission oil is available in large quantities at motor transport enterprises and service stations. Instead of recycling, used oil can be reused, which will save a considerable amount of money. The heat transfer from waste oil is equivalent electric heater at 15 kW. Fuel consumption is 0.5-2 liters per hour. However, there are also some difficulties here. You will learn more about them, as well as how to make a furnace yourself during testing, from the article.
Pros and cons of using used oil
Recycling furnaces adopt the principle of direct heating of air, and as a result of this use of waste oil, garages, greenhouses, and workshops can be heated. It is best to use such stoves at car services, because there is no need to look for fuel. It is already at hand in large quantities.
Advantages
- There is no burning or soot when oil burns
- ease of operation
- fire safety (used oil itself does not burn, only its vapors burn)
Flaws Use of waste oil:
- used unrefined oil from technical services is not suitable for boilers because it contains many impurities, water, alcohols, etc.. The use of such unrefined oil will lead to clogging of the filter, injectors, and even may explode in the fuel heating unit. Therefore, used oil needs to be cleaned and filtered, which is impossible to do at home. Prepared, purified waste oil costs approximately 12 rubles per liter (diesel fuel costs from 28.4 rubles per liter).
- any car service center and state-owned motor transport enterprise are required to enter into contracts with companies involved in the disposal of used oil. That is, they pay money in order to get rid of it, then, accordingly, they will not just give out used oil left and right.
- used oil cannot be kept in the cold. It will freeze outside, so it is necessary to either store the oil in a heated room or bury the barrel to the freezing depth of the ground.
Types of furnaces in production
The most popular waste oil furnaces are pyrolysis furnaces and turbo burners. In pyrolysis furnaces, waste oil is heated when there is a lack of oxygen in the first chamber, where the oil decomposes. The decomposition products burn in the second chamber with a sufficient amount of oxygen, releasing a large number of heat. The pyrolysis temperature can be changed by reducing or increasing the air supply to the pyrolysis chamber. The main disadvantage of such a furnace is the need for regular cleaning of fractions accumulating in the chamber, as well as the impossibility of automatically maintaining a certain temperature.
Turbo burners operate on the principle of diesel engines. The oil is sprayed into the chamber and the oil vapor begins to burn. The disadvantage of this type of oven is its high sensitivity to the quality of the oil, as well as the need to heat it before use.
Based on the type of design, furnaces used for mining are divided into furnaces made from a gas cylinder, designs with pressurization, and models with drip feed fuel.
Furnace using a gas cylinder
Materials and tools for making a stove
The easiest way to make a furnace is from used gas, oxygen or carbon balloon. The cylinders have good thickness walls, thanks to which such a stove will last for many years. A heating unit from one cylinder can heat a room up to 90 m2. This design can also be converted to water heating. A stove from a cylinder will not require forced air supply, and the oil will flow by gravity. To prevent the cylinder from heating up to fire-hazardous temperatures, it is necessary to set the height of the unit contour in accordance with the height of the combustion source inside the device. To make a furnace from a used cylinder it is necessary purchase:
- chimney pipes an internal diameter of at least 10 cm, a wall thickness of no more than 2 mm and a length of at least 4 m;
- fuel tank with a volume of 8−15 liters;
- burner pipes;
- welding machine and electrodes;
- Bulgarian;
- file;
- steel corners;
- drill and set of drills;
- level and roulette.
Manufacturing technology
Take a used 50 liter seamless cylinder up to 1.5 cm thick. If the walls are thicker, the bottle will not be sufficiently heated from the inside, and the oil vapor will not evaporate. The boiling point of oil is approximately 300 0 C, so the chamber will be above 600 0 C. Then you need to get rid of the unpleasant odor of the odorant (gas for leak detection) in the gas cylinder. To do this, condensate is drained outside and washed several times with water. Then the balloon filled to the top with water, placed vertically in a special tray or buried to a stable position in the ground.
Bulgarian the top of the cylinder is cut off. After the first cut, water begins to flow into the pan or onto the ground. When the water has drained, you can continue cutting the top. Most of the bottom will serve as a chamber, and the cut top with a valve will become the oven lid.
We weld steel corners to the bottom of the cylinder using a welding machine. 20 cm “legs” for the stove. Then the balloon is placed on its “legs”. In the upper part of the sawn-off lower half of the cylinder, we retreat 10-15 cm from above and, using welding, cut a hole for the main exhaust pipe by pipe diameter.
As a hood you need to choose thin-walled chimney pipe with a diameter of at least 10 cm and a length of at least 4 m. We insert it into the hole made, hold it strictly vertically and weld it. You also need to make a small hole in the chimney pipe, covered with a plate. With its help you can regulate the air supply.
ATTENTION! The chimney must be straight and vertical. No tilts or angles! The length of the chimney pipe should not be less than 4 m.
We step back 10 cm from the welding site and use a welding machine to make a small hole with a diameter of 2-3 mm. After 5 mm up we make another hole. In the same way we make 10 similar holes, the last one should be at a height of 50 cm from the welding site.
In the same pipe, at a height of one meter from the floor, a hole is made for a new pipe with a diameter of 5-8 cm and a length of 2-4 m. The pipe is inserted parallel to the floor and is welded by welding.
A hole with a diameter of 5-8 cm is cut in the cut off upper part of the cylinder. Recycled oil will be poured into it.
ATTENTION! Under no circumstances should you pour unrefined oil into such a structure. It may contain water or alcohols, and if the temperature rises, an explosion and fire may occur. If all this happens in the garage, the consequences can be catastrophic!
In the upper removable part of the cylinder you can connect the “tray”, on which you can heat a mug of water or porridge. To do this, a square or rectangle is cut out of a steel sheet small size and welded to the lid. Or it can be installed on a pipe that is parallel to the floor.
Oven operation
Used oil is poured for 2/3 cylinder. Then you need to light a sheet of paper, place it on top of the oil and close the oven lid.
After a certain time, the temperature inside the oven will begin to rise, the oil will evaporate and spontaneous combustion of oil vapors.
ATTENTION! Do not add oil to a working oven. Also, gasoline and kerosene cannot be used as fuel.
After finishing work and cooling the oven, you need to empty it of its contents. Clean the upper removable part from accumulated soot by tapping the lid on the cylinder.
Materials and tools
Very popular among craftsmen among the people are designs of waste oil furnaces made made of steel sheets. This stove has compact dimensions (70/50/35 cm without chimney), weighs 27 kg, heating can be connected to it, it can be used in cold weather, and the upper part of the stove can be used for cooking. To make such a stove we will need:
- steel sheet 4 mm thick
- steel sheet 6 mm thick
- Bulgarian
- file
- welding machine and electrodes
- a pipe with an internal diameter of 10 cm, a length of at least 4 m and a wall thickness of 4-5 mm for the chimney
- steel corners 20 cm high 4 pieces as legs for the stove
- drawing
- level and tape measure
- hammer
- burner tubes made of steel, copper or painted sheet metal
Stages of manufacturing a furnace from steel sheets
First, let's print it out. drawing future furnace with details drawn on it.
Operation of the furnace during mining
If desired, you can give the stove an aesthetic appearance. For this we do special paint: pour half a liter into a liter jar liquid glass, 200 grams of aluminum powder and 20 grams of chalk. The jar is closed with a lid and shaken vigorously. With this mixture using a regular brush the stove is being painted. The resulting mixture can be used to paint three stoves, so the amount of ingredients can be halved.
To use the furnace during mining, you must comply with certain precautionary measures.
- don't put in a draft
- the stove cannot be placed near flammable objects
- there should be half a meter around the stove free space
- must not be allowed so that water gets into the oil, otherwise boiling oil will begin to splash out through the holes in the pipe
- attentively check the chimney for leaks
- use as fuel only technical oil
The oven heats up to operating condition in 5 minutes. To do this you need to fill 2/3 fuel tank and add a little gasoline and solvent (20-30 grams) on top. On a long wire you need to make a burning wick and through the hole for pouring oil set fire to gasoline. It will help the oil warm up to the required temperature so that the vapors begin to evaporate and ignite. After this, a stable column of flame feeds on oxygen is formed in the pipe with holes. The intensity of the flame can be adjusted using a blower hole into which oil is poured.
ATTENTION! Do not leave the oven running unattended!
Video review of a waste oil furnace
The principle of operation of the furnace is to heat air based on waste oil. In a similar way It is easy to heat various buildings, for example, greenhouses, workshops or garages. The most popular heating option is to install a stove in car repair shops, where there is a large amount of waste.
Advantages of using waste oil in a furnace:
- When burned out, no fumes or soot are released;
- The heating installation is easy to use;
- Safety of the material (recycled oil does not ignite, only its vapor burns).
DIY waste oil stove in the garage
Disadvantages of using this substance:
- Oil that is taken from technical services cannot be used in boilers, since it has various additives, for example, water, alcohol, and so on. The use of such a substance creates stagnation and blockages in the installation filters, and if the injectors are overvolted, it can even explode. Therefore, it is still recommended to filter used oil.
- It is not recommended to keep these substances at too low temperatures, as the liquid begins to freeze. To do this, choose a heated place or dig a barrel into the ground to a depth where the ground does not freeze.
Types and characteristics of furnaces
The most popular installations are waste oil stoves: pyrolysis and tube-shaped burners. In the first option, the waste heats up due to a small amount of oxygen in one of the main chambers, where oil decomposition occurs. The decomposed products burn in another chamber with the required amount of oxygen, which allows heat to be generated in the room. Temperature is regulated by air flows that enter the pyrolysis chamber. The main disadvantage of using this oven is the need for regular cleaning of the oil chambers. Another minus heating stove— lack of automatic temperature support.
Scheme of operation of a pyrolysis stove using waste oil
Another type of turbo burner stove uses recycled oil, the functioning of which corresponds to the principles of diesel engines. The liquid used must be sprayed into the chamber, and oil vapors can be allowed to burn. Significant flaw similar device is high level sensitivity to oil, this determines the heating of the substance before pouring. Exist different variants furnaces, some of which are constructed from cylinders, while others have an installation with blowing or drip fuel supply.
Assembling a stove structure from a gas cylinder
You can make a stove for working with your own hands from different containers, for example, for gas, oxygen or carbon. This material has an applicable width of the side walls, which is why this design can last for several years. For example, one stove from a cylinder can heat an area of up to 90 square meters, which is very profitable.
Drawings of a waste oil stove
A stove made from a gas cylinder can operate on either a recycled liquid or a water system. In such a device, you will not need to monitor the air adjustment, because the liquid will gradually enter the cylinder. The main thing is to take into account the approximate heating temperature during assembly so that the shell does not overheat. In order to build a stove with your own hands, you need to purchase the following devices:
- a chimney pipe, the thickness of which should be no more than 0.2 cm and a diameter of 10 cm or more; total length - 4 meters;
- waste oil container from 8 to 16 liters;
- burner pipes;
- cooking and the necessary equipment for it;
- steel corners;
- Bulgarian;
- electric drill and drill set;
- building level and tape measure.
To assemble the stove, we select any cylinder, which should be without welding seams. The approximate capacity of the vessel should be about 50 liters. It is recommended to choose an object whose wall thickness is 1.5 cm. It is not recommended to choose a more compact structure, otherwise the oven will stop transmitting heat.
The boiling point of oil can be about 300 degrees, and in the fuel chamber this figure increases to 600. Before you begin assembling the structure, it is recommended to remove excess odor from the cylinder. Thus, you should drain the condensate or fill the cylinder and thoroughly rinse it with water several times. After this, the cylinder is installed vertically in a certain tray and filled completely with water. Further, all work has the following sequence:
Operating rules
After constructing the stove, it is recommended to pour recycled oil into 2/3 of the stove. After this, light a small sheet of paper and carefully place it on the surface of the oil. Next, the structure is closed with a lid. After some time, the temperature in the installation will become higher and will gradually increase. Recycling will not burn, but only evaporate. In fact, only vapor will burn in the installation, which will provide heating to the room.
Scheme of operation of a waste oil stove
Important! It is not recommended to pour oil into the oven while it is running. It is prohibited to use kerosene and gasoline as auxiliary substances. When all the oil in the installation has burned out, it is necessary to clean the cylinder for further operation.
It is not difficult to make a furnace that will operate on waste oil; it is only important to choose the right one necessary materials. To better understand the structure’s assembly system, we recommend watching a video of the furnace in operation at the link:
A waste oil stove is cheap, so anyone can afford it. Among the huge number of self-made heaters and stoves, we will mention a rather interesting heater design, such as a stove running on waste oil. Almost all car owners have some amount of used oil in their garage. This oil is no longer suitable for further filling into the engine, but it is ideal as fuel for the furnace.
- Homemade waste oil stoves: main types
- Furnace in production drip type with your own hands
- How to make a working stove with inflatable pressure
- Mini-furnace using a gas cylinder
- What features does the dripper stove have?
- How a waste oil furnace works (video)
Homemade waste oil stoves: main types
If you look at the appearance of a stove that runs on some kind of waste, then such a stove does not arouse enthusiasm, but this is only because appearance. Almost all stoves in development, which were made independently, have been improved and redesigned more than once for more stable operation and better heat transfer. In order to evaluate and understand the reliability of such a stove, you need to try to make it at least once. on our own or try a ready-made stove in severe frost.
If you know how to use a welding machine, then after studying the theory you can make a furnace using waste oil
Often, they make the simplest and lightest stove for themselves during testing, but if there is a desire, you can make a more complex one.
There are 4 types of complex furnace designs for mining:
- Waste oil stoves with air blown into the combustion chamber;
- Sauna stove in operation with regulated heating power;
- A waste oil stove with a water circuit or forced-type blowing of a heated surface;
- The drip furnace is being worked out.
Poor volatility and high viscosity of used oil significantly increases fire safety stoves, but still easy to maintain and refill the container, as well as control the process of combustion and evaporation of those gases that are exhaust.
To manufacture most versions of furnaces for testing, you will need: a sheet of metal, the thickness of which should be 3 or 4 millimeters, an angle grinder with spare disks for working with metal, a welding machine, and 4 electrodes.
Do-it-yourself drip furnace
There is another no less interesting design of the stove being tested. A design of this type is called a stove with a fire cup. At the bottom of the cylinder there is a small open container with filler. The pipe, which is located in a vertical position, carries waste from top to bottom. The waste that enters the hot metal evaporates and decomposes the heavy oil product into a lighter one. It burns well and leaves almost no soot residue. The heat from the burning waste oil is transferred through the stove body, into a water tank or heat exchanger.
A drip-type furnace is well suited for heating a garage
This type of furnace design for mining is complex and difficult to make with your own hands. But with such a complex and heavy design, it provides ease of control, burnout quality and is not sensitive to oil quality.
If the dimensions of the exhaust furnace are not important, then it would be better to choose a furnace with a drip supply for exhaust.
How to make a working stove with inflatable pressure
It is quite easy to make a design such as a blow-up furnace yourself with your own hands. During the first production, it is necessary to cut blanks from a sheet of metal.
The second stage consists of high-quality electric welding of the material into a finished structure.
To start making the furnace, we unfold it on sheet metal and cut out 4 bottoms with a grinder, for the lower and upper chambers of the stove. To process the cut material, it is necessary to leave a spare 1 mm in diameter for each cut element. We sharpen the cut out elements on a sharpener until they reach the same size as in the diagram you have chosen. The same requirements apply to the side walls of the combustion chamber. For the fire chamber the following can be used: thick-walled pipes or old gas cylinder thickness of at least 4 millimeters. Using a core, we mark the location of the holes and drill them with a drill or, if you have one, on a drilling machine.
Working with a welding machine will not present any difficulty when making the right choice electric welding mode.
Before you start welding the prepared elements, you should practice on scraps of metal.
To make a stove for mining, thick metal should be used
Such training will make it possible to adjust the normal current and burning rate of the electrodes.
Further actions will be as follows:
- We grab the bottom and walls, which are located on the sides, with dots; the seam must be welded twice, only in this case will we obtain strength and tightness during welding;
- We install the fire chamber and fix it by welding, then using a blowtorch we heat the place where the weld is laid and also weld it with a double seam;
- We put the lower part of the bottom of the upper chamber on the pipe and perform welding in the same way as in the previous paragraph;
- We weld side walls and the cover of the upper chamber, supports, adapter for the chimney pipe.
For the tank where the waste is poured, it is necessary to select a lid that can be easily removed, and the lid must also fit tightly to the tank; this choice is necessary to regulate the intake air into the furnace.
In order to check the reliability of the weld, it is necessary to conduct a thermal test of the stove. Thermal tests are carried out to check the reliability of welds under the influence of deformation in a heated state. For such a check it is necessary to install a couple of working blowtorches in the direction of the fire chamber and heat the chamber for 30 minutes. If the product does not pull the weld when heated and deformed, then the oven is ready for use.
Mini-furnace using a gas cylinder
In order to independently manufacture a furnace with exhaust, the best option We will take a gas cylinder as the main material. Gas cylinders have suitable wall thickness, which means long term operation of the product.
A stove made from a gas cylinder is capable of heating a room of up to 100 m2. Also, such a stove can be easily converted to water heating. This oven requires forced air. You need to choose a drawing that will allow you to create a structure whose heating will not lead to a fire-hazardous temperature.
In order to make a furnace for mining on your own from a gas cylinder, you need the following tools and materials:
- Roulette and level;
- File;
- Bulgarian;
- Drill;
- Welding machine;
- Gas cylinder;
- Iron corners;
- Pipes for chimney and burner;
- Fuel capacity, but not less than 10 liters.
Before you start making a mini-furnace using a gas cylinder, you should familiarize yourself with the recommendations of specialists
Now you need to consider the diagrams or drawings for making the stove yourself.
The gas cylinder has a wall thickness of 15 millimeters. If the thickness of the walls of the gas cylinder is greater, this will not provide the necessary heating of the oil for evaporation. The temperature in the chamber will be approximately 600 degrees, and 300 is needed to warm up the fuel.
To produce a high-quality design, care must be taken to eliminate gas residues. To do this, a fragrance is specially added to it to detect leaks. The remaining condensate in the gas cylinder must be drained. In some cases, in order to drain the condensate, it is necessary to fill the cylinder running water and then drain it. After draining the condensate, the gas cylinder must be buried in the ground and then the top must be cut off.
We do not cut off the lower part, as it will serve as a chamber, and the cut top will be used as a lid. Next we weld the iron corners to the bottom of the cylinder, they will become the legs of the stove.
After marking 10 cm from the bottom, we cut a hole that will be necessary for the exhaust pipe. And since the hole that is cut is intended for exhaust, it is necessary to take into account the diameter of the pipe.
We insert the pipe into the hole made in a vertical position and weld it. In order for the pipe to stand vertically, it is necessary to check and adjust the pipe level.
From the place where the pipe is installed in the cylinder, it is necessary to retreat 10 cm up the pipe to make a hole. In order to make a hole, you can use a welding machine; there should be approximately 10 such holes with a distance of 5 mm between them.
We also make a hole with a diameter of 80 mm in the same pipe. This diameter is necessary for welding a pipe up to 4 meters long; it is installed in a horizontal position. A hole is made on top of the cylinder for pouring the waste; the hole for filling should be 8 cm in diameter.
Let us note that even in a home-made furnace operating during mining, in no case should oil be poured that has not been purified. Otherwise, pouring unrefined oil may result in fire and explosion.
To ensure heating of water and food, it is necessary to make a tray. To make a tray, you can use a channel, which must be welded to the lid.
What features does the dripper stove have?
The dripper stove is ideal for small spaces. And building such a unit with your own hands is very affordable, and most importantly, budget-friendly. A homemade supercharged drip-type mini-stove is an excellent heater not only for the garage, but also for the house. It is not only safe, but also easy to construct if you have a ready-made circuit. And to get fire, you can use machine oil. You can use any processed oil consistency.
When installing a dripper stove, you need to make sure that there are no materials nearby that burn easily
The assembled drip stove has a number of advantages:
- Fuel saving;
- Such a stove can be made of any size that will suit your room;
- Can be easily moved;
- Easy to use;
- Can be used for cooking, but to do this, when making a stove, the pipe must be placed on the side.
During combustion, it is possible that bad smell and therefore necessary good ventilation premises.
When performing work on the manufacture of a dripper furnace with your own hands, you must follow fire safety precautions:
- The stove should be installed in a room where there is no draft;
- Items that easily catch fire should be absent, since such a stove needs space;
- It is prohibited to use water to extinguish or cool the stove.
Necessary materials for making a furnace: sheet of metal; copper pipe; pipe branch; rubber hose; gas cylinder; taps; medical burner. Tools needed for manufacturing: drill, welding machine, clamp.
You can heat all kinds of technical premises, private garages, and small auto repair shops using various units. If desired, you can actually make the simplest design for heating non-residential objects yourself using old cylinder from under the gas.
Gas cylinder stove - simple and effective
Nowadays, non-standard heating devices made by hand are used by many home craftsmen. One of the most interesting, easy to manufacture, reliable and cheap to operate is a homemade unit that uses waste oil as fuel. It can be built literally in a couple of hours from a gas cylinder. This boiler has a simple design and operating principle.
The exhaust stove, constructed from a gas cylinder, has two compartments. They burn fuel. Moreover, this process is performed twice. First, direct combustion of waste oil is observed (in the first compartment). This leads to the appearance of vapors combustible mixture. They go to the second compartment of the homemade boiler. There they combine with air, resulting in a highly concentrated flammable composition. When it is burned, a huge amount of heat is generated, which can heat a fairly large area of the room.
Gas cylinder units have many advantages. The cost of their assembly and operation is minimal. You can use any old gas cylinder that has been lying around somewhere in the garage for decades. And it’s easy to purchase the work at the nearest car service center. It costs a penny. The main thing here is not to use overly contaminated oil, since in this case the indicator useful action the stove will decrease, and the complexity of its maintenance (cleaning) will increase.
Other advantages of waste boilers:
- Trouble-free design. In the finished unit, in fact, there is nothing to break.
- Full autonomy. No need to connect the oven to electrical network or other energy sources.
- Low fuel consumption. A unit made from a 50-liter cylinder consumes no more than 2 liters of waste oil per hour.
- No soot, no burning, no unpleasant odor during operation of the device.
- Versatility. The stoves we are interested in are suitable for any non-residential premises, be it a car garage, a utility or industrial premises, a private greenhouse or a greenhouse.
It is also important that the stove from the cylinder stops working immediately after the fuel is burned (the supply to the combustion compartment is stopped).
Disadvantages of units during development - important to know!
We talked in detail about the advantages of using homemade boilers that operate on waste oil. Let’s not forget to talk about the disadvantages of such structures. First of all, they are considered a fire hazard. Cylinder stoves have open holes through which fire can spread throughout the heated object in a matter of seconds. This fact necessitates constant monitoring of the unit’s operation. Throwing it unattended when the waste is fed into the furnace is strictly prohibited.
The next disadvantage of the design is objectively strong noise. The unit is really loud. Not every person is ready to endure such inconveniences. Also, after each use of the stove, its combustion chambers must be cleaned. A similar procedure must be performed with the chimney. It is an essential part of a homemade waste oil boiler. The chimney, by the way, has to be made quite high (at least 4 m). If you build a smaller smoke duct, there is a risk of poisoning carbon monoxide increases several times.
Oil intended for combustion in a furnace must be stored under special conditions. It must not be left under sun rays. It is also prohibited to store it in negative temperatures. The mining freezes even with minor minuses and becomes absolutely useless. Once defrosted, it cannot be used as fuel.
Another serious drawback of the described stoves is associated with oil. The waste must be cleaned. If you use unrefined oil, the unit's nozzles will quickly become clogged. This may well cause the cylinder to explode. Some home craftsmen say that their homemade heating boilers work on untreated waste. Perhaps the unit will be able to heat the room using such oil. But the effectiveness of its work, believe me, will be minimal.
Elements of a simple homemade stove - what will we make it from?
All the drawings that can be used for testing are approximately the same. Below we show a diagram of a simple heating unit. It is on this basis that we will make a homemade device.
The drawing shows all the elements of our boiler. The basis of the design is a gas cylinder (position 1). The oven is also supplied with:
- Perforated pipe (2). It functions as a device for removing combustion gases. The thickness of the pipe walls should be 4–5 mm, the cross-section should be 10 cm.
- Another steel pipe (3) with the parameters indicated above. It plays the role of a heat exchanger.
- A steel sheet (4), which serves as a partition between two compartments of the structure (in one the oil burns, in the second it evaporates).
- Metal visor (5). It is best to make it from 4 mm thick steel. The visor provides maximum efficiency pipe heating.
- Evaporator bowl (6). This element is easiest to make from a brake disc from any passenger car.
- Half-inch water pipe(8). It supplies used oil to the combustion chamber. This process is controlled by a plumbing ball valve (9), used as a valve.
- Oil tank (11). It is a special container for storing fuel. It is advisable to fit any unnecessary cylinder that is equipped with a built-in needle valve under the tank.
The furnace design also includes duct fan (13), connecting element– coupling (7), air swirler (12), welded from equal-angle angles (shelf width - 5 cm) and a device for supplying fuel (10). As the latter, it is allowed to use a suitable (flexible) pipe made of fire-resistant material or a durable hose.
We build a boiler from a 50 liter cylinder - any craftsman can do it!
We prepare everything necessary details and we begin assembling the stove for testing. Before starting the main work, you should completely empty the cylinder of condensate and gas residues in it. Advice. It is easy to check the quality of the work performed. Coat the valve outlet (the hole at the end) with concentrated dishwashing liquid or regular soap. Open the faucet. If there is no condensate or gas left in the cylinder, foam bubbles will not appear at the outlet. This means you did everything right.
We remove the valve from the cylinder. If you have a gas container with a non-removable tap, you will have to tinker. Use an electric drill to drill a hole in the bottom. And then unscrew the valve. Note! Experts advise performing this operation very carefully. Even if you are sure that all the flammable composition has left the cylinder, there is still some possibility of the container exploding. Do not press down on the power tool with excessive force. Even better, water the drill with ordinary water while making a hole in the bottom. Then the risk of explosion will be zero. After dismantling the valve, fill the cylinder with water to the top and wait a couple of minutes until it all comes out.
Now we cut out two windows on the gas cylinder. The height of the first (lower) is 20 cm, the second (upper) is 40. The width of the openings is a third of the cross-section of the cylinder used. There should be a jumper between the cut windows. Its height is 5–7 cm. We have a full-fledged compartment for burning fuel. By the way, you can even put coal and firewood in it if you wish.
The next step is to make a device that will separate the heat exchanger from the oil combustion chamber. We will make the separator from a steel sheet 4 mm thick. We cut out a circle from it with a diameter corresponding to the cross-section of a 50-liter gas container. That's not all. In the central part of the completed workpiece, we again cut out a circle (necessary for installing the burner). Its diameter is 10 cm.
The burner itself is made from a pipe with a height of 20 and a cross-section of 10 mm. IN finished product it will be necessary to make perforation - drill several 1.5–2 cm holes. All burrs must be removed from the latter. If cleaning is not done, soot will constantly settle on the holes during operation of the stove. This will cause a narrowing of their cross-section, which over time will lead to a significant decrease in the efficiency of the home-made heating unit.
We put a membrane on the burner made according to all the rules. Weld the last one strictly in the center. Then install the entire workpiece into the cylinder and securely connect it by welding around the perimeter. Advice. The pipe can be welded to the bottom of the chamber divider. Then it will be possible to load special pellets and briquettes, as well as sawdust and other solid fuels into the stove.
The second part of the work - we bring the heating device to mind
We make the evaporator bowl from a brake disc or from any metal product with high heat resistance. Choose a material that is not afraid of elevated temperatures and sudden changes. After this, weld the lid and bottom. Do not forget to leave an opening into which the mining will be poured. It is advisable to improve this part of the oven a little. Simplifying the fuel filling process is easy. It is enough to weld a low tube to the lid at a 40-degree angle, and then cut off the end of the tubular product to get a kind of spout. It will be much easier to fill through it.
If you install a ball valve on the pipe, the unit will become much safer to operate. If any problems arise with the tank, you can quickly shut off the supply of used oil.
We construct the heat exchanger from a 10-centimeter pipe. Into the body heating device place it clearly horizontally. It is recommended to additionally mount a metal screen at the end of the heat exchanger (we weld a sheet of steel to the pipe). Due to this device, the heating rate of the system and its beneficial effect will significantly increase.
The oven is ready. You just need to connect the chimney to it. We take a pipe 4–6 m long. In its lower part we cut a hole with a cross-section of about 6 cm. We weld a piece (2–2.5 m) of another pipe to it. It is parallel to the floor surface. All that remains is to weld the vertical part of the chimney, mounted outside the room, to a short pipe.
Advice. Make another 6–7 cm hole on the short chimney pipe and cover it with a metal plate. This simple device will allow you to adjust the intensity with which air will enter the oven. And this, in turn, will make it possible to regulate the combustion rate of the waste. We also need to weld the iron legs to the bottom of the stove we made. They are easy to make from metal corners.
Features of operating cylinder furnaces during mining – safety first!
We have already noted that the structure we are interested in, used for heating non-residential objects, belongs to the group of fire hazardous equipment. If you do not want to encounter serious problems when using a homemade boiler during mining, adhere to the following rules:
- There should be no drafts in the room where the unit is located. Wind freely moving around the object can cause fire to escape from the stove through the existing openings.
- A stationary gas cylinder boiler must be installed exclusively on metal plates, concrete or cement base.
- After use, the oven must be cleaned. The cylinder itself should be cleaned after each heating session. Remove soot and soot from the chimney at least once every 5–7 days. If the stove is actively used every day, the smoke exhaust duct also needs to be cleaned daily.
- All structures, products, materials, objects that are prone to rapid ignition must be located at a distance of at least 4–5 m from the stove.
Last recommendation. Do not fill the combustion compartment full of used oil. The maximum permissible filling of this chamber is 2/3 of its volume. At correct operation The exhaust unit, made from a gas cylinder, will serve you for a long time and efficiently.
Furnace being worked off - non-standard, but very effective solution for heating technical premises, auto repair shops and garages. This design is designed for quick and economical heating at minimum costs and high efficiency. Considering that production premises are rarely insulated, the furnace power should be higher than the standard, which is calculated using the formula 5 kV/50 m 2. In our article you will learn how to make a furnace for mining with your own hands: drawings from a gas cylinder, a startup video, the pros and cons of this design.
If we take into account the complexity of manufacturing and the cost of fuel, a furnace using a gas cylinder is the most budget-friendly and most effective option. The shape itself helps a lot - a spherical, essentially ideal firebox. For any furnace, it is fundamental to have two openings - an inlet where fuel is loaded, and an outlet - from where the processed gases come out, and this is easy to do from a ready-made cylinder. Its shape is also suitable in that the cylinder maintains the required pressure, while metal consumption is minimal.
- Gas cylinder 50 liters
- Steel pipe for the removal of burning gases, with perforation, diameter 100 mm and wall thickness 3-5 mm.
- Steel pipe of the heat exchanger, diameter 100 mm with a wall thickness of up to 3-5 mm.
- Partition between the evaporation chamber and the combustion chamber, steel sheet 4 mm thick.
- A canopy over the heat exchanger, increases the heating efficiency of the pipe, steel sheet 4 mm thick.
- Vaporizer bowl, can use car brake disc.
- Coupling.
- Half-inch water pipe for feeding waste into the combustion chamber.
- The fuel control valve is a regular plumbing ball valve.
- Fuel supply hose, flexible, fire-resistant pipe may be used.
- A container for storing waste, any cylinder with an integrated needle valve will do.
- Air flow swirler. Two welded angles with a flange width of 50 mm are used.
- Duct fan.
Step-by-step manufacturing guide
- Before proceeding with the actual creation of the heating device, it is necessary to release all gas and condensate. In order to check how free the cylinder is, smear the outlet hole on the valve with soap or concentrated detergent- as soon as it stops bubbling, you can start.
- If the valve is removable, carefully remove it. If not, make a hole in the bottom with a drill and twist the valve. However, please note that even if all the gas escapes, there is still a risk of explosion. To protect yourself, try not to press the drill too hard while drilling and constantly pour water on the drill.
- After the valve is removed, fill the cylinder with water and leave it for a few minutes to completely remove all gas elements.
- Cut two holes on the cylinder, as shown in the photo. Width - within a third of the diameter of the cylinder. Make the first opening 20 cm high, the second 40 cm, the jumper between them is at least 5 cm. So you have an improvised combustion chamber where you can even use solid fuel.
- Now you need to separate the combustion chamber and the heat exchanger. To do this, cut a circle from a 4 mm sheet of metal according to the diameter of the cylinder (standard - 2.95 cm). Next, in the center of this circle, cut out another one with a diameter of 10 cm, which is needed for the burner.
- Making a burner. Take a pipe with a diameter of 10 cm with a wall thickness of 4 mm and a height of 20 cm and drill several holes around the perimeter. The diameter is arbitrary - 1.5-2 cm.
Be sure to clean all holes of burrs. If this is not done, over time the settling soot will lead to their narrowing and deterioration of the characteristics of the furnace when working from a propane cylinder.
Place a membrane on the burner and hot weld it exactly in the center.
Insert the workpiece into the cylinder and weld it around the entire perimeter. If you weld a pipe along the lower border of the partition, it will be possible to fill the furnace during exhaust not only with waste oil, but also solid fuel- wood chips, briquettes, granules, etc.
- Prepare the evaporator bowl. Since we are talking about a car repair shop, a brake disc is ideal for this purpose.
If you don’t have one at hand, make the thicket from any heat-resistant metal that will not deform due to temperature changes.
- Weld the bottom and lid, leaving a wide hole where the used oil will flow. This is a rough version of the stove, which, however, is the most popular (watch the video).
Video 1 Starting a waste oil furnace
You can improve the design by welding a pipe onto the lid at an angle of up to 40 degrees and cutting it to form a “spout.” This is done to make it convenient to pour oil.
And if you screw a regular ball valve onto the pipe (see photo), the design will also be safe. Because it will allow you to shut off the fuel supply in case of problems in the tank.
- Heat exchanger manufacturing
A pipe with a diameter of 10 cm, which enters the housing strictly horizontally, also acts as a heat exchanger.
To concentrate hot air, a heat-reflecting screen made of 4 mm metal sheet can be welded to the end of the pipe.
Furnace design with water circuit
This option is an improved model homemade stove on probation from oxygen cylinder, which, if necessary, can even heat a living space. To do this you will need to embed it into common system heating the house.
There are 2 main methods of organizing a furnace for mining with a water circuit:
- tying the body with a coil;
- making a “shirt” on a burner.
The first method is very simple and economical. But quite effective. You can use a regular coil as a coil. copper pipe, which cuts into the heating system of the house in order to ensure the circulation of the coolant.
The second method is more complex, which involves making a separate water jacket, which is subsequently put on the burner itself.
Advantages and disadvantages
Like any heating device, a stove using a 5 liter gas cylinder has its pros and cons.
- the simplest scheme that allows you to build a stove in just a few hours;
- trouble-free simple design, in which there is simply nothing to break or fail;
- stops immediately as soon as the fuel supply stops, cools down relatively quickly;
- independence from energy sources, since the main fuel of the furnace during processing is waste oil;
- versatility - such stoves can be used not only in garages and auto repair shops, but also in greenhouses, production premises etc.;
- minimum consumption fuel - up to 2 liters of waste oil per hour.
- open holes increase the risk of fire several times;
- It is strictly forbidden to leave the oven uncontrolled;
- It is not recommended to use highly contaminated recycling. It is advisable to pass it through a filter or install a separate filter on the inlet;
- the minimum chimney height is 400 cm to eliminate the risk of poisoning from processed gases;
- Every time after using the stove, it and the chimney must be cleaned;
- noisy operation of the stove.
Safety precautions
Considering that the exhaust (oil exhaust) furnace is extremely fire hazardous, a number of precautions must be observed during operation, namely:
- the stove is installed only on a stationary non-combustible base - a concrete or cement platform, tiles, metal sheets;
- when the device is operating, there should be no drafts in the room so that fire does not escape from the open hole;
- flammable objects should be located at a distance of at least 3-5 meters from the stove.
Operating conditions of the furnace during mining
To start the stove, you need to pour waste oil into the bottom and pour kerosene or diesel fuel on top. Next, light a string of paper or fabric and push it into the hole.
It is advisable to clean the oven every time after using the oven. Soot and soot accumulating on metal surfaces, isolate the reflective properties of the metal and significantly reduce the efficiency of the stove.
Making an exhaust furnace from a gas cylinder with your own hands is advisable only if you have such fuel. It is not difficult to find, since car repair shops must recycle used oil. But some “businessmen” even manage to sell such oil. Judging by prices online, the regional average price per liter of used oil ranges from 5 to 15 rubles.
