They are laid with 15 mm seams, that is, almost end-to-end. Regulatory literature prescribes the construction of monolithic sections with reinforcement with a distance between slabs of 300 mm.
To seal the seams between floor slabs, you must use concrete with quick-hardening Portland cement or Portland cement grade M400 or higher with fine aggregate. The grain size of the aggregate should not be more than a third of the gap between the slabs and three-quarters of the clear size between the reinforcing bars. IN concrete mixture it is necessary to introduce plasticizers and setting accelerators.
If you get a standard seam between slabs with a width of 10-15 mm, then usually a reinforcement bar is laid at the bottom of the seam, which is arranged in the form of a “cone”, and filled with mortar.
We seal non-design joints up to 300 mm
If The width of the seams between adjacent slabs does not exceed 300 mm; sealing such a seam is relatively simple, there are several ways to fill the seams to choose from.
Method 1
- At the bottom of the adjacent slabs, using spacers, we install a board or sheet of plywood that bridges the gap - this is formwork;
- You can lay a piece of roofing material or film on top of the formwork, then there will be no traces of concrete left on the formwork, and it can continue to be used;
- Fill the gap between the plates with mortar;
- We wait for the concrete to gain strength within 3-4 weeks and remove the formwork.
Method 2
If it is not possible to place the formwork from below, you can do permanent formwork made of galvanized roofing steel 0.8-1 mm thick according to the size of the gap between the plates, resting on the upper edge of the slab (trough). The profile of the side surface of the slabs will provide additional expansion and rigidity to the monolithic section.
Method 3
Another way to seal seams permanent formwork – from strips of steel with a thickness of 4 mm and a width of 5 cm, make mounting parts according to the gap profile, as in the previous case, resting on the front surface of the slabs, lay these mounting parts every 0.5 m along the length of the slab. On the bottom (in the plane of the lower edge of the slabs) we place a strip of galvanized roofing steel, plywood or plastic, and concrete it. This method ensures reliable adhesion of the monolithic section to the slabs.
Method 4
If you come across a pair of defective slabs with incorrectly positioned side locks, when the recess is at the bottom, they can be installed next to a gap of 2-3 cm. Place the formwork from below using method 1 and pour concrete through the provided gap.
Monolithic sections with a width of more than 300 mm
If the gap between the slabs is from 100 to 300 mm, we construct a monolith with reinforcement. Options are also possible here.
Option 1
Used when formwork from below is not possible.
- We install load-bearing beams with a cross-section of 40x100 mm on the edge, in increments of 1 m, resting on adjacent slabs;
- We attach the formwork panels to the load-bearing beams with wire twists;
- Closing the formwork roofing material or film;
- We install the reinforcement cage on the glasses so that the reinforcement is 30...50 mm above the formwork;
- We are concreting.
Option 2
If it is possible to secure the formwork from below, you can use reinforcement to construct the supporting structure.
- We construct the formwork;
- We make mounting parts from A1Ø8…12 reinforcement (depending on the width of the gap to be bridged), taking into account that there must be a distance of at least 30 mm between the bottom of the formwork and the reinforcement;
- We lay protective material on the bottom of the formwork;
- We install mounting parts;
- We lay reinforcement or reinforcement cage;
- We are concreting.
Do not settle for filling the gap between the wall and the slab with lightweight concrete cellular blocks (foam concrete, expanded clay concrete, etc.) - they do not have the required load-bearing capacity. Taking into account the arrangement of furniture along the walls, this section of the floor is subject to a large load, this will lead to the destruction of the blocks and the need for costly repairs of the floor.
The areas between the wall and the slab are sealed in the same way.
This story tells not only about sealing seams, but also about anchoring the slabs to each other:
Sealing the ceiling seam from the bottom side
Inter-tile seams - rustications are filled with concrete during installation, then the ceiling is primed, puttyed and painted, unless other finishing is provided.
Sequence of sealing rusts
Before concreting the seams are thoroughly cleaned of dust and mortar residues wire brush , for better adhesion of the solution to the slab, you can prime the side surfaces.
- The prepared fresh concrete solution is unloaded into a container and delivered to the work site;
- If the width of the rustication is small, the filling is carried out at one time, if the width of the area is large - in several layers, but no more than after 2...3 hours;
- A concreting area of small width is bayoneted; if it is large, it is compacted with a vibrator;
- For the first week, the surface of the monolith is moistened with water daily;
- After 28 days, the formwork is removed.
Uneven shrinkage of the house
It's unpleasant when cracks appear on the ceiling. This often happens due to::
- Uneven settlement of the building;
- Incorrectly selected brand of concrete;
- Poor quality concrete.
Let us dwell on the causes of uneven precipitation. It may occur in the following cases:
- Structural defects - incorrectly designed foundation;
- Foundation construction without taking into account geology, soil freezing depth and groundwater depth;
- Poorly performed work on the construction of the foundation and masonry of walls;
- Poor quality building materials.
To understand the reason for the appearance of cracks, it is sometimes necessary to order a construction examination.
Decorative ceilings
A protective layer of concrete 30-50 mm thick should ensure that there are no rust stains on the ceiling from the reinforcement, but sometimes this layer is ineffective. From seeing stains on the ceiling, traces of leaks and rust cracks the best remedy– installation of a suspended, false or suspended ceiling.
Decorative ceiling – The best decision if necessary, level the ceiling surface. It will cover all construction flaws and give completeness to the interior. If you want to reduce the height of the room, arrange multi-level or dropped ceilings from plasterboard, acoustic boards or combinations of various materials.
In rooms of low height, false or suspended ceilings are used. Here is the champion - suspended ceiling, which “eats” only 3-5 cm of the room’s height.
Every problem finds its solution. Sealing the seams between, even with large widths, does not pose a major structural or technical problem. From the proposed options it is easy to choose the one that suits your specific case.
Even in professional schemes When laying out floors, a monolithic section between slabs is often found in buildings with complex configurations. Concreting this piece is much easier than casting a solid slab, since the lower and upper levels are set by default, there is no side formwork, the lower panel is sufficient. One option is to use a prefabricated monolithic SMP floor.
Monolithic floor section technology
IN individual construction slabs are more often used standard height 220 mm. This must be taken into account when reinforcing a homemade area, ensuring the minimum possible protective layer of 15 - 30 mm. If the monolithic section between the floors protrudes above the adjacent ones, an increase in the thickness of the screed will be required when finishing the floors.
Factory floors have voids in which it is convenient to stretch electrical cables. IN homemade stove communications must be walled up before pouring, so as not to chisel the concrete later. This technique is often used to make hatches. If openings for stairs are cut out in industrially manufactured slabs, the reinforcement pattern is disrupted, the structure loses its load-bearing capacity and becomes dangerous for use.
Formwork
The monolithic section between the slabs is poured onto a shield, which must be supported from below with racks. The simplest calculations of lumber sections are the most a budget option for an individual developer, show that boards and timber with minimal dimensions can be used for formwork:
In this case, the structure will support the weight concrete floor without sagging or geometry changes.
By default, the monolithic section between the floors has side formwork, which is the ends of the reinforced concrete products laid in place. All that remains is to place the boards under the bottom surface, placing their edges under the existing PC boards, to check the flatness and absence of deflection in any direction. To do this you need to follow these steps:
After that, the remaining pillars are mounted between the outer posts, ensuring the horizontality of the beams, purlins, and deck boards. When choosing grade 2 wood, the bending strength of the lumber is insufficient. Except bottom trim pillars with 25 mm boards, necessary to prevent shifting when pouring, additionally similar strapping is used at a level of 1.3 - 1.5 m. All pillars are stitched crosswise and lengthwise with an inch, forming a rigid spatial structure.
To facilitate stripping, extendable racks are used:
- they are manufactured smaller than the design height
- are built up in pieces in the upper part, which just needs to be unscrewed when dismantling
When stripping, first the lower bars of the racks are dismantled, then the beams with the upper pieces of the racks are removed. After which, the deck with the purlins screwed to it is dismantled. In the future, all lumber is suitable for construction rafter system. If you choose grade I wood, you can reduce the cost of inch boards for tying the posts in the middle part.
If it is necessary to fix the formwork elements to existing walls It is better to use anchors with metal sleeves. They are easily removed from the masonry after stripping, unlike dowel-nails, the plastic elements of which are almost impossible to remove from the wall.
Deck
At this stage, the monolithic section between the slabs is equipped with a deck on top of the purlins. The edges of the boards are placed under the existing floor slabs, the middle lies on the beams, which ensures the rigidity of the structure.
The gaps between the boards are foamed from the inside of the formwork (from above), the boards are covered plastic film. This will retain water in the concrete, facilitate stripping, and prevent cracking of the floor slab. The plank design is convenient for wiring engineering systems– holes of any diameter can be drilled with crowns and drills without problems in any area.
When the width of the void section is less than 1 m, technology without racks and beams is often used:
The deck is attracted by wire twists through the timber to the lower planes of the laid slabs, reinforced, and poured using standard technology. It is not recommended to punch holes for reinforcement at the ends of the slabs, as they weaken the structure of hollow PC products. Wire clamps are cut flush with an angle grinder when stripping the formwork, part remains inside the monolithic piece.
To increase the service life of the floor, reinforcement of at least A-III periodic section (hot rolled) with a diameter of 10 - 16 mm is used. The main nuances of reinforcement are:
To knit the joints of the cells, 1 - 2 mm wire is used, the knots are created with manual, mechanical hooks, homemade equipment installed in a screwdriver or a special knitting gun.
The area between the slabs can be reinforced with a ready-made mesh or knitted on site. In the first case, the dimensions of the longitudinal and transverse rods are taken, taking into account a 4 cm protective layer on each side. The nets are knitted on flat areas and laid on the deck on top of the film on spacers of 15 - 30 mm. More often used concrete blocks 10 x 10 cm or plastic coasters with cross-shaped slots for reinforcement.
These devices are not suitable for the top layer due to small sizes. Clamps, brackets, tables of various shapes and designs are used here. The main task of these elements is to support the upper mesh in the design position (15 - 30 mm below the plane of the slab).
Used for bending reinforcement homemade devices. For example, a piece of 50 - 70 cm pipe with a 10 - 15 cm mandrel welded to one edge will provide the required radius (5 rod diameters) and will reduce the force.
The area between the slabs may contain input nodes for engineering systems. Embeds and void formers are installed after or before reinforcement, depending on location, configuration, and size. For example, it is better to install an 11 cm sewer cross before laying the grids; sleeves for water pipe risers can be installed at any stage. 
Void formers of complex shape are necessary for specific communications. Therefore, they are usually made from polystyrene foam, expanded polystyrene, cutting pieces of the same format to achieve required length from a 5 cm sheet.
For rigid fixation and absence of movement of light polymer fittings and polystyrene foam void formers when pouring the floor, the following technology is used:
- plugs are put on the fitting
- fixed with self-tapping screws from below through the deck
- or the plug is screwed on top
- then a fitting is put on it
Internal flights of stairs can rest on these areas, which are poured independently. For them you need:
- release the reinforcement of the lower mesh
- make a step for supporting a reinforced concrete flight structure with a counter seat
- install formwork for the staircase/hatch
To release the reinforcement, you will need to make cuts in wooden shield jumpers chain saw. Place the board on the reinforcement, inserting it into the cuts, and foam the remaining cracks. Steps and recesses are created by screwing narrow strips to the formwork from the inside.
Fill
Before laying concrete between floor slabs, it is recommended to prime the ends of existing slabs to improve adhesion. The main recommendations for concrete work are:
Concrete is contraindicated in solar ultraviolet radiation, hot dry weather, and frost. Covering with burlap, sawdust, and sand allows you to wet the surface without destruction. The film protects against sun rays, in winter it provides the principle of a thermos, preserving the heat generated by the hydration of cement with water.
The grade of concrete is selected in accordance with the standards SP 63.13330 for reinforced concrete structures:
- density – 1,800 – 2,500 kg/m3
- compressive strength – from B7.5
Water resistance and frost resistance are not particularly important for structures used indoors. At self-production concrete, it is necessary to take into account that the likelihood of cracking is sharply reduced if filler of different fractions with a continuous series of grains is used. Sand should not exceed 1/3 of the total volume of filler.
After pouring between the floor slabs, sagging may remain in the newly made area. They are polished with diamond equipment for an angle grinder (“grinder”) of a disc type. If the project includes a self-leveling, heated floor, or screed, alignment of the joints is not necessary. For better adhesion of two adjacent reinforced concrete structures, grooves can be made in the side faces of factory slabs if the appropriate tool is available.
When laying concrete, these recesses are filled with the mixture, the two slabs are almost monolithic. The quality of the bottom edge of the slab is usually inferior to factory analogues, so finishing with suspended, level ceilings is more often used. 
This technology is very convenient in the manufacture of hatches or staircases. These technological holes can be reinforced with diagonally placed rods near them, dramatically increasing the strength of reinforced concrete. If you cut out a hatch in a factory slab, the integrity of the reinforcing mesh is compromised, which weakens the default structure. This is especially true when the opening is shifted to the middle of the slab.
The technology of a monolithic section of a home-made floor allows you to fill voids when laying out slabs without reducing structural strength. Even without pre-tensioning the reinforcement, the slabs have a high service life if the specified requirements are met.
Comments:
Building a house is a very labor-intensive task that involves quite a lot of work. For example, pouring a monolithic section between floor slabs is also included in their number, since construction with slabs alone is not possible. This problem, as a rule, occurs in cases where it is necessary to lay communication elements or form a flight of stairs. It is worth noting that, by adhering to certain construction rules, you can carry out this process yourself.
When creating monolithic sections of the floor, it is necessary to correctly install the support, form the formwork, reinforcing mesh, make a concrete mixture and pour it.
If all of the above work is performed correctly, the section of the monolith between the floor slabs will be as strong and reliable as possible.
Materials and tools needed for work
For each stage of work, you need to prepare your own set of materials and tools. Their list may differ only due to some factors, for example, the distance between the slabs that needs to be poured. However, there is still a standard list that includes the following materials:
The area between the floor slabs is filled with concrete and pre-reinforced.
- boards that will be used to create side formwork and surface;
- wooden beams or metal channels that will serve as support for plywood or a plank pallet;
- timber for creating load-bearing supports for the formwork platform;
- reinforcement rods, wire with which the bundle will be made, metal chairs;
- concrete solution, which is made from sand, M400 cement, crushed stone and water;
- concrete mixer;
- a circular saw, shovel, trowel, bayonet tool and protective film.
As for the amount of material, it depends on the area of overlap that needs to be made, as well as on the area of overlap itself. If we talk about a private house, then in such buildings it is, as a rule, not very large, so it will not be difficult to cope with the work yourself.
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Stages of formation of a monolithic floor section
The formation of the area between the plates is no different from the creation of any other. Despite the fact that the work area is relatively small, adhere to building regulations still worth it, so all stages of the work must be completed carefully. This is what determines how reliable the monolithic structure will be.
The first thing that needs to be done is to form the formwork for the monolithic section. In this case, it is necessary to take into account that the concrete solution weighs quite a lot, moreover, it takes a long time to dry, so the strength and mechanical characteristics of the formwork must be such as to hold it for a fairly long period of time.
How to install formwork:
Installation of formwork for a monolithic section between slabs
- The bottom is made, for which a sheet of plywood is taken, and beams are placed on it, which will play the role of load-bearing elements. Since the distance between the slabs in a private house is not so large, it is not difficult to make the bottom of the formwork. Before forming the reinforcement grid, we cover the bottom with roofing felt or construction film.
- The borders of the monolithic section on the sides will be the floor slabs. As a rule, there is a wall on the third side.
- Vertical supports are placed under the bottom holding elements, which are beams. They must be secured so that the bottom of the formwork does not slip off the vertical supports, which are load-bearing. A unifork is used for this, although not always. As a rule, when building a private house, there is no special supporting equipment, so parts of the formwork can be fixed using nails or staples.
- An important point in this process is the support of the formwork in the floor plane, which should be as strong as possible. This can be achieved by compacting the soil and lining it with some kind of board or tile material.
After the formwork is ready, and there is no doubt about its strength, we move on to the next stage.
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Making a reinforcement grid
Regardless of the size of the area, it must be reinforced between the floor slabs.
When the distance between the slabs is from 1.5 m, in addition to reinforcing bars, it is best to use reinforced mesh. If the distance is small, you can limit yourself to two layers of lattice made of rods.
The process of forming a reinforcement grid:
The reinforcement grid is laid 5 cm above the bottom of the formwork, the reinforcement is tied together with wire.
- The rods must be sawed off to a certain length, taking into account the pitch, which should be about 15-20 cm. Next, the prepared rods are tied together with wire. The result should be two layers of lattice.
- When installing the first layer, the reinforcing lattice must be laid 5 cm above the bottom of the formwork, for which the “glasses” are intended. After this, laying a mesh on top, lay the second layer of lattice.
- If the area between the floor slabs is not so large, reinforcement can be done with rods without mesh. The frame in this case is formed in two layers, and each of them should be 5 cm away from the edge of the slab. It is worth noting that you should use welding machine This process is not necessary since all connections can be made using metal wire.
Some people advise inserting reinforcing bars into pre-drilled holes in the slabs, but this should not be done. The monolith section will rest on the notches that are present on any floor slab model. They can be either longitudinal or round, resembling a glass.
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Making and pouring concrete
Table of proportions of components for the manufacture of concrete.
Before you start kneading concrete mortar, you need to prepare all the necessary components. Since the monolithic section looks like a rectangular parallelepiped, then calculate required amount solution in cubic meters it won't be that difficult.
After all the components are prepared, you can proceed to making the solution in a concrete mixer, following certain rules:
- adhere to loading standards;
- the concrete mixer must be installed on a perfectly horizontal surface;
- the solution must be unloaded into a special container, and after that - to the required place.
As for the last rule, it can only be broken if the concrete mixer is installed next to the formwork and the prepared solution is unloaded directly into it. Re-filling should be carried out no later than after 2-3 hours. You can make one fill, this is important if the area is not wide. After this, the surface needs to be leveled, for which a trowel or rule is used.
Monolithic sections between floor slabs
Before you decide to make monolithic sections between the floor slabs yourself, soberly assess your capabilities, because this is serious painstaking work. But if you still decide to make a monolith between the slabs yourself, then you will have to go through the following installation stages.
Diagram of a monolithic section.
Surface preparation
On at this stage you have to make sure that you have at hand at the right time necessary materials and tools. Therefore, you need to take care of availability in advance.
So, to make a monolithic section of the floor, you will need the following tools: a hammer drill, 90 mm long wood screws, standard 2 m threaded rods, nuts, washers, open-end and socket wrenches, pobedit drills for concrete, wood drills 90 cm long, screwdriver. Phillips bits for a screwdriver are of very good quality ( good quality required because the edges of low-quality cue balls wear off very quickly), a hook, a grinder with metal discs, a diamond-coated circular saw (for cutting boards along and across the grain), an 800-gram hammer, a sledgehammer up to 3 kg, nails steel size 120 mm, tape measure #8211 2-3 pieces (tape tapes are necessary for accurate measurements, there must be a sufficient number of them, as they often break and get lost), carpenter's pencil, carpenter's angle 50 cm long, carpenter's stapler with staples, level.
You will also need building materials: knitting wire with a diameter of 0.3 mm for binding frames, reinforcement with a diameter of 12 mm, wire with a diameter of at least 6 mm, cement, gravel, sand, film 100-120 microns thick, boards 50x150 mm, boards 5x50 mm.
It is also necessary to take care of protective equipment in advance, because you and your assistants will have to work dangerously at height among nails, fittings and boards sticking out in all directions. For protection you will need: gloves, closed shoes (construction boots or shoes made of thick fabric such as old-style army combat boots), goggles, cap or helmet.
Design calculations
Calculation of a prefabricated floor slab.
At this stage, you will need to make accurate measurements and calculations so that you know what and how much you will need. First of all, we find out what the floor slabs will be like. To do this, we find out the width of the building and divide it in half, into two equal parts. We immediately determine where the stairs to the second floor will be, which side the rise will be on flight of stairs, and only after that we calculate the dimensions and number of floor slabs.
The length of floor slab #8211 is the width of the house divided by 2.
The width of the floor slab comes in three standard sizes: 80 cm, 1 m 20 cm, 1 m 50 cm.
Don't forget to take into account the 7 cm gap between the floor slabs! The absence of a gap between the plates will complicate their installation and may subsequently cause deformation.
Monolithic section between two slabs 980 mm wide (download drawing in dwg format)
Sometimes you have to make wide monolithic sections between the floor slabs. They must be calculated according to current loads. The drawing shows a monolithic section with a width of 980 mm, supported by two hollow core slabs. The conditions for such a monolithic section (loads, principles of reinforcement, etc.) are described in detail in the article Monolithic section between two prefabricated slabs.
Monolithic section between two precast slabs
Such a monolithic section acts as a slab supported by adjacent precast slabs. To do this, it is provided with working reinforcement curved by a trough, the diameter of which depends on the width of the section (the estimated length of the slab of this section) and the load on the floor. Longitudinal reinforcement is structural; it creates a reinforcing mesh, but does not carry loads. An anti-shrink mesh made of smooth small-diameter reinforcement is also laid along the top of the wide monolithic section.
The figure shows examples of reinforcement of two monolithic sections in housing (without any additional loads in the form of heated floors and brick partitions).
As you can see, sections come in different widths, but when setting the goal of creating a wide monolithic section resting on slabs, you should always check whether the floor slabs will support it. This is the most important point in the design of monolithic sections. The load-bearing capacity of floor slabs varies (from 400 to 800 kg/m2 - excluding the weight of the slab).
Let's say we have two prefabricated slabs 1.2 m wide, between which there is a monolithic section 0.98 m wide. The load-bearing capacity of the slabs is 400 kg/m2. i.e. one linear meter such a slab can withstand 1.2*400 = 480 kg/m.
Let's calculate the load per 1 linear meter of the slab from a monolithic section with a thickness of 220 + 30 = 250 mm = 0.25 m. The weight of reinforced concrete is 2500 kg/m 3. The safety factor for the load is 1.1.
0.25*1.1*2500*0.98/2 = 337 kg/m.
We divided by two, because the monolithic section rests on two slabs, and each of them bears half the load.
In addition to the weight of the monolithic section, we have the load on the slabs from the floor structure (140 kg/m2), from the partitions (50 kg/m2) and the temporary load from the weight of people, furniture, etc. (150 kg/m2). Multiplying all this by the coefficients and the width of the precast slab, and adding the load from the monolithic section, we get the final load on each precast slab:
1.3*140*1.2/2 + 1.1*50*1.2/2 + 1.3*150*1.2/2 + 337 = 596 kg/m 480 kg/m.
We see that the load is greater than the slab can withstand. But if you take a slab with a load-bearing capacity of 600 kg/m2, then one linear meter of such a slab can withstand 1.2 * 600 = 720 kg/m - the reliability of the structure will be ensured.
Thus, you should always check the load-bearing capacity of the slabs depending on the dimensions of the monolithic section, the width of the slab and the loads acting on it.
Monolithic floor section with an oblique angle. Reinforcement frame for a slab with a bevel. Concrete work for a monolithic slab with a bevel. Curing and maintaining concrete.
Reinforcement works SNiP 3.03.01-87 Load-bearing and enclosing structures, GOST 19292-73. Instructions for welding reinforcement joints and embedded parts reinforced concrete structures CH 393-78. Guidelines for the production of reinforcement works. And other current regulatory documents.
Concrete works should be carried out in accordance with the requirements and recommendations SNiP 3.03.01-87 Load-bearing and enclosing structures.
Concrete mix composition. preparation, acceptance rules, control methods and transportation must comply GOST 7473-85 .
During construction work reinforced concrete monolithic structures should be guided by the requirements SNiP 3.03.01-87 Load-bearing and enclosing structures and the relevant sections of the safety regulations given in SNiP III-4-80. working drawings and instructions for the work execution plan.
1. Monolithic floor section with an oblique angle (UM-1).
In houses. where construction is planned with corner wall transition at an angle not 90°, as usual, but, for example, 45° - floors are being carried out in monolithic version .
You can, of course, take an ordinary reinforced concrete slab and use a jackhammer to knock out the desired bevel of the slab, and cut off the reinforcement.
But this is fraught with the fact that if the reinforced concrete slab is made with a stressed reinforcement frame (and this is most often done in reinforced concrete factories - such a frame requires less reinforcement consumption), then in such a stripped-down form the slab will lose its load-bearing capacity. Or maybe right away burst during such a circumcision.
NOTE: Prestressed reinforcement frame- this is a frame whose rods clamped in a special form. and then, heating, pulling before the right size.
Further it welded with transverse frames. poured concrete and dried in a steam chamber. Trimming rods from the fixed form was performed already when the slab was V finished form . Those. reinforcing bars in concrete taut like guitar strings. Well, if the string breaks, you know what happens.
Therefore, everything what doesn't fit into standard sizes industrial reinforced concrete products and structures, performed in monolithic version at the construction site of the house. In our version monolithic slab is continuation of national teams reinforced concrete slabs .
2. Reinforcement frame for a slab with a bevel (UM-1).
Manufacturing reinforcement frame and mesh must be carried out according to the drawings and have an exact location elements to be welded. Replacement provided for by the project reinforcing steel by class, brand and assortment is agreed upon with the design organization.
Technological manufacturing process reinforcement cage provides:
- straightening and cutting steel fittings, wires. supplied in coils with diameter 3…14 mm And in rods diameter 12…40 mm on rods of measured length
- editing(bending) and butt welding rods to the required size
- welding meshes and frames
- consolidation assembly(welding and wire knitting) volumetric reinforcement blocks
- transportation and installation frames at a construction site.
Reinforcement frame of a monolithic section UM-1 performed according to the dimensions indicated in the diagram (see figure). And it consists of mesh S-2 And two reinforcement cages K-1. interconnected reinforcing rods from the same steel A-III .
Reinforcing mesh necessary cook spot welding . For frame and mesh used fittings according to the indicated table 1.
Table 1: Specification of reinforcement for the frame of a monolithic floor slab.
Creating a monolithic section between the slabs with your own hands
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- Installation of supports and formwork
- Formation of reinforcement grid
- Concrete mixture and its pouring
- Final Recommendations
Construction of a private house #8211 is a complex and labor-intensive task, within which it is necessary to perform various types of work. For example, it may be necessary to fill a monolithic section between floors due to the fact that it is not possible according to the design to form a ceiling entirely from slabs. This happens very often in cases of forming flights of stairs or when it is necessary to lay various communication elements between the slabs. It is quite possible to form a monolithic section between the slabs with your own hands. Although this work is labor-intensive, it is quite doable if you adhere to all building codes and regulations.
If you need to lay various communication elements between the slabs, you can form a monolithic section between the slabs with your own hands.
In the process of forming a monolith section between the floor slabs, it is important to correctly perform following works:
- install supports and form the formwork
- form reinforcing mesh
- prepare concrete mixture
- pour concrete correctly.
Correct execution of these types of work will allow you to create a strong and reliable section of the monolith between the floor slabs in the required location.
Required materials and tools
Considering that the work on constructing the concrete section of the floor consists of different stages, for each of them it is necessary to prepare a number of materials. The list of such materials may vary due to various factors, including the distance between the slabs that needs to be poured. The standard list looks like this:
On wooden beams a horizontal support for the formwork is laid.
- plywood or boards to create a direct surface for pouring mortar and side formwork, construction film
- wooden beams or metal channels to create a horizontal support on which plywood or a plank pallet will be laid
- timber (120-150 mm), wooden beams or channels to create load-bearing supports under the formwork platform
- reinforcing bars (15-25 mm), wire for tying, metal chairs for installing reinforcing bars at the required height (reinforced mesh can also be used)
- cement M400, sand, crushed stone, water for mixing concrete mortar
- concrete mixer
- circular saw for cutting beams, boards, plywood, as well as metal reinforcing rods
- a shovel, a bayonet tool, a trowel or a rule for leveling the surface of the floor area between the slabs, a protective film for covering this area.
The amount of all materials depends directly on the distance between concrete slabs needs to be covered and how much area the monolithic section of the floor occupies as a whole. Typically, in private houses such a section of flooring is not very large, so its formation is not too difficult a task. However, at the same time, you should still adhere to clear phasing and rules for working with building materials and designs.
Stages of work on forming a monolithic section between floor slabs
The monolithic section of the floor between the slabs is formed in approximately the same way as any monolithic ceiling. Considering small area such a site, the work, of course, is simplified, but it is necessary to adhere to all building codes and regulations. Therefore, no matter what distance between concrete slabs is poured, all stages of work must be carried out carefully, on which the reliability of the monolithic structure created independently will depend.
