How to relieve swelling and itching in a child after an insect bite? Recognition and treatment of bites of various insects

Being the most diverse class of animals, insects are widely represented in nature. Accordingly, the nature of their life activity and behavior varies.

In relation to a person, it can be:

Defensive (manifested by wasps, bees, ants and other hymenoptera);
Aggressive (which is typical, unfortunately, for most insects).

The consequences of hymenoptera bites are much more serious than in most other cases, since, in defense, they secrete a strong protein poison, which is also a powerful allergen.

The reaction to bites and stings should be considered the action of these substances in our body. Insects have a different structure of the stinging / biting apparatus and lead a very different lifestyle, so the description of reactions to their bites varies quite a lot.

Biting Symptoms

The most common symptoms of any insect bite are:

Redness of the skin around the affected area;
A tumor that occurs at the site of the bite;
Annoying itching that accompanies other symptoms until they almost disappear;
When stinged by bees and other hymenoptera, edema develops.

duration, external signs And pain associated with a bite are the individual characteristics of the body's reaction to foreign substances. This is called a local reaction.

Another thing is multiple bites that cause a toxic reaction. It is characterized by an increase in symptoms, often leading to a marked deterioration general condition organism.

A life-threatening condition, or even death, is the consequence of either severe poisoning or an allergic reaction to substances injected into the blood by insects.

Manifestation of an allergic reaction

Most often, such a reaction to a bite manifests itself with the same symptoms as with a local reaction, but more pronounced. These effects take longer than usual, but do not pose a particular threat to health.

Worst of all, if a person's intolerance to bites is extremely high. In such cases, delay is indeed like death. Within half an hour, the negative consequences of the bite develop rapidly, and anaphylactic shock occurs. The following symptoms are typical for an acute allergic reaction:

There are problems with breathing;
Redness turns into a bright rash;
Edema is excessively expressed;
The blood pressure goes down;
The victim falls into an uncontrollable state of constant anxiety;
Dizziness and fainting are possible.

In such situations, immediate medical intervention is required.

Although often people who are aware of their problem cope even with relatively severe cases on their own, using the recommendations of doctors and their own experience.

Why are insect bites dangerous?

The above ailments, which are the body's reaction to a bite, arise as a result of the struggle of the human immune system with anticoagulants and protein poisons that have entered the bloodstream. Single bites and stings are rarely capable of incapacitating a person.

Consider the category of people most susceptible to exacerbation of symptoms:

Allergy. In some cases, a few minutes from the moment of the bite is enough for anaphylactic shock to occur. If a person is aware of their predisposition to acute reactions to insect stings, they should always carry a drug prescribed by a doctor (most often epinephrine hydrochloride for subcutaneous injections and antihistamines) with them at all times.
Children. Due to the fact that the developing organism is not strong enough for a full-fledged self fight with the consequences of insect bites, the child's reaction to them is more pronounced. In general, it has the same character as in adults. Of course, the use of drugs without necessity is not justified.
Pregnant. Carrying a child implies constant protection of the expectant mother from stress. This means limiting the use of the vast majority medical preparations. This is the complication of situations with pregnant women affected by insect bites.

General recommendations come to the rescue in cases of bites of children and pregnant women:

It is necessary to wash the damaged area with soap and water to avoid infection;
Ice applied to the bite site will help relieve swelling and relieve itching;
If necessary, you should take an antihistamine, if the situation does not improve, consult a doctor.

Multiple bites, especially poisonous insects, can cause a life-threatening condition and even lead to death.

Therefore, in such cases, you should immediately seek medical help. Medical procedures should be agreed with the doctor, it is recommended to apply only preventive measures on your own and follow the precautionary rules (more on them below).

indirect danger

In addition to direct harm, insect bites and stings are fraught with infection of the victim with pathogens.

An itchy blister at the site of a bite should never be scratched, because scratching increases the chance of infection in the wound.

Irritation will help relieve:

Antipruritics (for example, Fenistil or Mosquitol-gel).
50% ammonia solution.
Calendula or mint tincture
Weak soda solution.

Elementary help in the conditions of unavailability of other means is one's own saliva.

It has antiseptic properties, so you should not disdain it in the absence of other options.

Classification of insects according to the type of damage caused

The bites and stings of various insects are individual in nature due to the peculiarities of their structure. It makes sense to consider separately each group that causes harm characteristic only to it.

Hymenoptera (wasps, bees, bumblebees, hornets, ants)

The insects presented in this section represent perhaps the greatest danger (in terms of consequences from bites) for our latitudes.

Many hymenoptera do not bite their prey, but sting. And in different ways:

Bee stings are characterized by tearing off the sting along with the poisonous gland and leaving them at the site of the bite. Thus, the poison is injected into the blood for at least a couple more minutes, so you should carefully pull out the sting immediately after the bite.
Wasps, bumblebees and hornets do not have such sophisticated mechanisms and are able to sting several times. Therefore, the best escape from their bites is flight. Remember: the poison secreted by the wasp signals danger to its relatives, so it would be wiser to move away from the conflict zone.
Ants have jaws and, accordingly, bite. However, the strength of the ant venom, combined with the likely multiplicity of stings, makes these hard workers not much safer.

Defensive insects cause a lot of trouble for the object of their painful bites. As a countermeasure to the negative consequences, the following treatment is recommended:

Immediately get rid of the bee sting, trying not to press on the container with the poison with your fingers, trying to pick it up;
Get rid of rings and bracelets if the bite site is limbs to prevent complications associated with swelling;
Rinse the wound running water with soap or treat with a disinfectant;
Use cooling and soothing lotions;
If necessary, take an antiallergic agent;
Seek medical attention for multiple bites.

You should also visit a doctor if the affected areas are the eye area, oral cavity and larynx, if there is a suspicion of an aggravated allergic reaction.

Mosquito bites in our nature cause significant harm only to allergy sufferers and young children. Mostly backfire from them is an annoying itch in the affected area, which is quite easily eliminated by the methods described above.

Even multiple bites of this midge do not pose a serious danger to humans. However, do not forget about the diseases that their relatives from hot countries carry in themselves. There, a mosquito bite can be fatal. Keep this in mind when traveling in those directions.

Their task is to gnaw off a miniature piece of skin, then to lay eggs in the wound.

Such care for offspring is the cause of painful bites and possible infection with a variety of ailments.

Symptoms of bed bug bites:

Rows of bites, found only in the morning (nocturnal bugs have the ability to pierce the skin almost imperceptibly);
Quite severe swelling of the skin near the affected areas;
Persistent redness;
Strong itching.

Bed bugs attack open areas body. Diseases carried bed bugs, has not been identified by science. Thus, the harm caused by these lies in skin irritation and stress caused by numerous bites of voracious insects.

Fleas are seasonal insects, from the appearance of which no one is insured in the apartment, especially if there is a pet in the dwelling that requires walking. It is with pets that fleas most often enter the apartment.

Usually all adults in the population attack at once. Bites are characterized as follows:

Zigzag wounds;
Abundant bites are accompanied by the appearance of a rash and swelling;
Very intense itching;
Sometimes seals are dark red in places of bites.

The main danger posed by fleas is the threat of infection. Therefore, the bite sites are thoroughly washed, and baths with a small amount of starch dissolved in them are used to prevent itching.

Infection with lice, or pediculosis, also has many unpleasant consequences. There are three types of pediculosis:

Head.
Clothes.
Pubic.

Gray spots at the site of bites;
Severe itching, which is the source of constant scratching of the affected areas;
The presence of nits in the affected area.

Thus, if any of these insects is found at home, pest control measures should be started. Wounds from their bites are disinfected and protected from scratching.

Ticks

Insects that the announcements of local health authorities "scare" every year. And, I must say, not in vain. These are carriers of many diseases, among which encephalitis and Lyme disease are especially dangerous.

Having waited for a good moment, the tick overtakes the victim with a jump and begins to search appropriate place for suction. Especially often people find stuck ticks in the inguinal and axillary areas, on the head among the hairline.

Their bites correspond to the following symptoms:

The moment of the bite itself, imperceptible due to painlessness;
Dark seal;
short swelling;

The main danger to humans is the possible infection. When bitten, the tick first secretes rapidly hardening saliva, tightly fixing its proboscis in the puncture. In the future, he secretes a liquid containing anticoagulants and tissue-dissolving substances of the victim.

The virus, if it is present in the body of the tick, instantly enters the bloodstream with the first saliva, so infection occurs instantly.

Until now, there is no cure for tick-borne encephalitis, so vaccination is the best measure to prevent the disease.

Having found a tick on yourself, it is advisable, without removing it, to go to a medical facility, where a specialist will pull it out. At the same time, insect diagnostics will immediately provide data on the presence of viruses. If this is not possible, you can pull the tick out with tweezers or a loop of thread, picking it up at the surface of the skin and swinging it from side to side. Then go with the insect for diagnosis.

You can not smear the tick with anything! Such attempts cause the insect to vomit, which is fraught with additional bite problems.

Spiders and other arthropods

The bites of representatives of this group are defensive in nature.

On the territory of Russia, the following spiders cause danger to humans:

Karakurt, whose bite can be deadly even for a healthy adult.
A brown hermit spider, at the site of the bite of which a liquid blister appears, leaving behind a long-term non-healing ulcer. In rare cases, a meeting with him leads to death.
Tarantula. A weakly poisonous spider, the malaise from the bite of which, however, can last a week.

Poisonous spiders, salpugs, scorpions and centipedes are common only in the southern regions of the country. Symptoms of poisoning by their poison are very similar. This is redness, swelling of varying severity and aching pain at the site of the bite, in severe cases - nausea, pain in the head and abdomen, convulsions. Children are of particular danger.

The exception is karakurt. Its imperceptible injection, expressed by slight swelling and slight redness, leads to persistent and very painful muscle cramps. Symptoms can develop from a few minutes to 6 hours. Sweating and puffiness, pallor and clouding of consciousness, turning into delirium, are characteristic.

If you are bitten by these creatures, you must urgently take an antidote serum (when you are in potentially dangerous places, it is advisable to always have it at hand) and immediately seek help, because a possible allergic reaction to their poisons is sometimes protracted and very difficult.

Preventive measures

It is much easier to prevent a bite than to deal with its consequences.

Knowledge preventive measures and the necessary actions in case of bites will make life much safer and calmer.
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After an insect bite, swelling appears, which can cause quite a lot of trouble. A person is especially difficult to tolerate contact with midges. These are small but dangerous pests. Their bite is very painful and is always accompanied by severe swelling. Therefore, after its detection, it is necessary to take all measures to eliminate the disturbing symptoms.

What is the danger of a midge bite

Swelling from an insect bite is not the worst thing that can appear after contact with it. In some cases, a person develops a severe allergic reaction, which is associated with the penetration of foreign substances into the bloodstream. Many insects are carriers dangerous viruses and infections. They can enter the human body and lead to the development of serious diseases.

We should not forget that midge bites are completely painless. A person may not notice it until swelling appears. This is due to the fact that the insect injects a special anesthetic under the skin that relieves pain. After that, it bites through the epidermis, leaving a deep wound.

Injured skin not only causes a lot of pain, but is also a place through which an infection can penetrate. That is why after an insect bite it is very important to properly approach the treatment of the problem area. This should be done especially carefully if a child is injured.

Children tolerate insect bites more severely than adults.

Symptoms

After an insect bite, the following symptoms may appear:

the skin changes its color and becomes red;
there is a pronounced swelling;
the place of edema is very itchy, it can burn;
body temperature rises;
the size of the lymph nodes increases;
tachycardia develops;
blood pressure readings go down.

The list of developing symptoms after an insect bite depends on individual characteristics the human body and the number of bites. In some cases, only local reactions on the skin are observed, while in others, signs of intoxication appear.

First aid

Edema from a mosquito or midge bite is eliminated immediately after contact with an insect is detected. The sooner certain measures are taken, the less likely it is to develop all the unpleasant symptoms. In particular, swelling from a midge bite will appear to a lesser extent if you do the following:

What is strictly forbidden to do

How can swelling from a midge bite be removed immediately after it is detected? There are many recommendations for this. To prevent the development of an allergic reaction, following simple rules will help:

It is strictly forbidden to rub the bite sites. This will lead to the spread of substances that have entered the skin from the insect over a large area.
Redness caused by midges cannot be treated by any means that are related to household chemicals. This can lead to the development of an even greater allergic reaction.
It is forbidden to comb problem areas of the skin, because this can cause infection of the wound, which eventually begins to fester and heals difficult.
If the doctor has prescribed hormonal ointments, they should be applied to the skin around the wound. If the bite site itself is treated with these means, a burning sensation appears and the healing process slows down significantly.
In the event of the development of any complications, do not neglect the use of antibiotics, antihistamines or any other drugs. In this case, you can not self-medicate, as this can lead to worse consequences. Only a doctor should prescribe drugs.

Folk remedies to relieve swelling

How to remove swelling from an insect bite, especially if a lot of time has passed after contact with it? Redness, swelling, itching and other unpleasant symptoms will completely disappear if you use one of the following remedies:

What to do with bites in the eye

How to relieve swelling with midge bites in the area around the eye? In this case, not only redness and swelling appear on the skin, but intense lacrimation develops. The following recommendations will help eliminate all unpleasant symptoms:

Bite Prevention

To prevent insect bites, you must follow these simple rules:

For those who live in a private house, it is advisable to get rid of excess vegetation on the site.
It is necessary to put anti- Mosquito nets.
If you plan to go to the forest or any open area, you should use special sprays and creams to protect against insects.
If you intend to walk through the area with intensive vegetation, it is advisable to wear long-sleeved clothing. Legs should also be as closed as possible.
You should avoid walking late in the evening when insect activity is highest.

Insect bites are a common phenomenon that everyone has encountered at least once in their life. Often after the incident, pronounced toxic, allergic, pain reactions appear.

How many people know how to properly provide first aid for insect bites? What are the consequences of delayed treatment? Fill the gap in knowledge, learn new useful information.

First signs

Each person is an individual, no one will argue with this statement. The same situation with the bites of poisonous and non-poisonous insects:

in some people, a violent reaction of the body causes an ambulance to be called;
in others, the bite of a mosquito or a bee does not cause serious consequences, does not cause noticeable concern.

Knowing the reactions of the body will help to act correctly.

It is noted that:

some symptoms develop some time after an insect attack. Not all people associate them with this event;
knowing the signs will help identify the "aggressor" if the skin lesion was not immediately identified. Most insects cause certain types of reactions;
misbehavior leads to additional infection. Opened blisters, treatment of the affected area with inappropriate compounds, and other errors worsen the prognosis, especially with bites of poisonous insects.

Types of preferential reactions:

allergic (from mild to deadly) reactions to bites. Among them: redness, swelling of the affected area, a rash of a different nature, fever, asthma attacks, blisters, itching. Who calls - bees, wasps, hornets, bumblebees; (Read details about in children and adults);
local lesions of the skin, soft tissues at different depths. Characteristic - swelling, blisters, necrosis of the skin, redness, the presence of a wound. Often there is a black scab, suppuration of the wound, bloody spots. Who causes - mosquitoes, midges, ticks, bedbugs, gadflies, flies, beetles;
intoxication, improper response of the body to an irritant. Main signs: sharp pains, punctate wound, whitish swelling from a bite, purple spots, headache. The state of health quickly worsens, the local temperature rises, the arterial pressure sharply decreases. Anaphylactic shock may occur. Who calls: scorpions, poisonous spiders (karakurt, tarantula), certain types of ants.

What to do if there is swelling and swelling after a bite? Each person should know the main symptoms and signs. Remember what happens after the bite of various "aggressors".

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About hot and cold methods of anti-cellulite wrapping at home, read the page.

blood-sucking insects

Many representatives of this group are plain in appearance, small in size, but seriously annoy people. Allergic reactions are rarely caused by flea, tick, and mosquito bites.

The danger is the transmission of various infections. Among them:

malaria;
encephalitis;
viral fevers and other diseases.

Symptoms:

redness occurs at the site of the bite;
there is swelling, slight swelling;
itching develops, sometimes unbearable;
scratching can cause petechial hemorrhages.

stinging insects

Bees bite once, the sting remains in the body. Bumblebees, hornets, red ants, wasps sting repeatedly. Severe allergic reactions develop. Sometimes swelling of the tongue, larynx can be fatal.

Signs:

protein poison when it enters the tissue causes severe pain;
the affected area is very itchy, swollen;
redness appears, tissues swell;
sometimes anaphylactic reactions develop - a decrease in pressure, asthma attacks, general urticaria, anaphylactic shock. (It is written about urticaria in children; read the article about urticaria in adults).

poisonous insects

At the moment of a bite, a tarantula, karakurt, scorpion injects into soft tissues dose of toxins. Other species do not emit poison.

Toxic substances released after decay lead to damage to nerve tissues, the formation of red blood cells is disrupted. In composition, the nature of the reactions, toxins resemble snake venom.

Characteristic signs:

burning, sharp pain after a bite;
point wound on the body;
a light-colored edema appears around the bitten area of \u200b\u200bthe place;
swelling extends to neighboring areas;
headache, dizziness;
the bitten place becomes hot;
numb limbs in the affected area;
pressure drops sharply.

Important! Get the victim to the hospital as soon as possible. Without timely administration of serum, serious consequences occur.

Emergency First Aid

Remember important rules. They can save your life and others.

Procedure:

do not panic! Fuss, wrong actions complicate the situation;
the best position for the victim is lying or half-sitting;
remove the sting (when attacking a bee);
apply a pressure bandage above the affected area;
apply ice, a bottle of cold water, any cold objects;
treat the desired area with antiseptics - hydrogen peroxide, chlorhexidine, alcohol, furacilin;
take any antihistamine drug - Diazolin, Suprastin, Erius, Claritin.

Important! Your task is to block the spread of toxins to other areas. Spend at least an hour in total. Only after this period has elapsed, it is possible to treat the primary focus with gels, ointments, and make lotions.
All efforts fail? Is the victim's condition getting worse?

the first option - a person was bitten by a poisonous spider, a scorpion;
the second option is a pronounced allergic reaction.

Take the patient to a medical facility. You will need specialized help. Do not leave the victim at home in this condition.

What Not to Do
Forbidden:

move actively;
often change the position of the body;
smoke;
take alcohol;
warm the bitten place.

These actions will accelerate the spread of toxins to other areas. The negative effect on the body will increase many times over.

How to treat insect bites

The most effective are modern ointments, gels that penetrate directly into the affected tissue. In addition to local remedies, tablet preparations, traditional medicine recipes are recommended.

Range of local resources:

antihistamines that reduce swelling and itching. Pay attention to Fenistil-gel from bites, Rescuer balm, Lokoid lotion;
glucocorticosteroids reduce swelling, relieve inflammation. Effective - Flucinar, Prednisolone, Hydrocortisone ointment, Sinaflan;
antibiotics + glucocorticosteroids. Buy Kremgen, Gyoksizon, Triderm, Trimistin;
antibiotic ointments for bites water based kill pathogenic microflora. Means are needed for suppuration of foci. Oflokain, Levomekol, Synthomycin Liniment are indispensable.

Important! Hormonal ointments are prescribed only by a doctor. Do not self-medicate on the advice of friends, relatives. Uncontrolled treatment of the skin with hormonal drugs causes severe side effects.

How to relieve symptoms of allergies

How to smear insect bites? A set of measures will help get rid of the rash, puffiness.

antihistamines in tablets - Tavegil, Suprastin, Loratidin, Diazolin;
soda, vinegar lotions;
gruel from plantain leaves, parsley, mint;
applying cold to the lesion;
swelling treatment with tea tree oil;
hormonal ointments - Flucinar, Triderm, Kremgen.

With swelling, anaphylactic shock, urgent medical attention is required. Need:

diuretics - Furosemide, Manit;
Hydrocortisone ointment;
Adrenaline intravenously;
resuscitation;
intravenously colloidal, saline solutions;
tracheal intubation.

How to reduce itching

Regardless of the cause of the itching, you want to get rid of it as soon as possible. Help medications, natural remedies.

Effective:

boric alcohol;
soda solution. It will take 1 tsp. soda, a glass of water;
Menovazin;
gels, ointments, creams from bites with menthol;
grated potatoes. You can apply thin slices;
Fenistil-gel;
mint toothpaste. The remedy is prohibited for wounds, suppuration;
lotions with tea leaves, oak bark, decoctions of chamomile, calendula, sage;
onion petals. Apply plates to itchy areas, wipe the skin with a cut onion;
treatment of the affected area with apple cider vinegar (1 part) dissolved in water (10 parts).

Insect bites in children

Danger of meeting with insects:

the smaller the child, the stronger the manifestations of allergic and toxic reactions;
a weak immune system can not cope with the load;
hypersensitivity to allergens can cause serious complications;
itching is more difficult for children to adjust to. The places of scratching become inflamed, the blisters open, suppuration develops.

What to do:

give the child first aid. Activities are the same as for insect bites in adults;
be sure to give more drink;
give antihistamines immediately;
a mosquito bite is often not a cause for concern, but an attack by a whole flock can cause complications;
when a bee stings, carefully remove the sting;
see if the face and tongue swell, if the child breathes normally;
apply balm Rescuer, Fenistil-gel on the lesion;
Get the kids to the hospital as soon as possible.

Important! Consult a dermatologist, allergist or therapist. If necessary, take the child directly to the emergency room of the medical center or call an ambulance. Procrastination in case of severe poisoning with toxins or a pronounced allergy can be costly.

Prevention measures

You can't hide from insects. You can protect yourself from their attacks.

refrain from walking in the evening in places where mosquitoes accumulate;
handle skin drugs that repel winged "aggressors". Effective - Taiga Carnation, Off, Autan, Gardeks;
fence flower beds, stay away from flower beds, do not lean close to flowering plants during the period of mass appearance of bees, bumblebees, wasps;
it is important for residents of the private sector to collect fallen fruits in time, attracting hordes of wasps;
wear light, light clothing;
install mosquito nets on the windows, fasten them over the baby stroller;
when walking in the forest, wear tight clothing that blocks access to the body. It is difficult for ticks to get under the suit, cling to and bite through dense fabric;
repellents will help to scare away blood-sucking insects in the room. Insert a bottle of liquid or plates into the fumigator, turn on the device an hour before bedtime. good night no mosquitoes, midges provided;
while walking in steppe zone do not tear small holes in the ground with sticks - tarantulas can hide there;
do not walk barefoot on dry ground.

Remember! Properly provided first aid for insect bites, competent treatment will prevent serious consequences.

A lot of insects have long woken up from hibernation, the bites of which give a person a lot of trouble. Mosquitoes, wasps, bees, ants, spiders, bedbugs ... - these are far from all insects that are ready to bite or sting on occasion. Their bites cause pain, discomfort, irritation, redness of the skin and other unpleasant consequences. Treatment of bites should be carried out based on the type of insect and the severity of the harm caused to them. Relieve symptoms and provide first aid with simple home remedies.

Depending on the type of insect and the individual characteristics of the human body, a bite can have different consequences: from slight redness on the skin to death. If, after a bite, dizziness, nausea, fever, shortness of breath, heart palpitations and other serious symptoms begin, then you should urgently seek medical help. It is also worth doing if the treatment of bites does not bring results within 1-2 days.

People prone to allergies should be especially careful and careful. For example, even one bee sting can cause a severe allergic reaction. If timely assistance is not provided, a person may die.

Walking in nature, especially during the spring activity of insects, we must not forget about precautions and protection. You need to wear closed clothes and shoes, use repellents and try to avoid potential habitats of dangerous insects. It is advisable not to comb the bite area so as not to spread a possible infection to other parts of the body. Also, do not touch the swelling and squeeze out the blisters.

Cleaning the wound with soapy water

Like any wound, it is advisable to wash the bite with soapy water to prevent the spread of harmful bacteria. This is especially true when a person is bitten by insects such as wasps, bees, hornets, red forest ants, and spiders. The alkali in the soap will help wash away the poison and clear the skin of dirt and debris that can cause an infection.

It is advisable to use a mild antiseptic soap and clean the area gently, without applying too much pressure or rubbing. Then the wound is thoroughly dried with a soft towel and applied a little olive oil to keep skin hydrated.

This is one of the best means to stop itching and relieve pain. Applying cold to the bite causes a slight numbness of the skin, which helps relieve swelling and pain. You can take ice from the refrigerator, put it in a plastic bag and wrap it in a thin towel. Such a compress is applied to the affected area for five minutes. Then it is recommended to take a two-minute break and repeat the procedure. This method is effective during the first days after the bite. If ice is not at hand, then the affected area of \u200b\u200bthe body can be held in cool (not icy) water. Do not allow the skin to come into direct contact with ice - this can cause frostbite.

Apple cider vinegar for inflammation and swelling

Sting can be treated with apple cider vinegar. The venom of many insects contains alkaloids and allergenic proteins that slightly acidic vinegar will help neutralize. Plus, this remedy has an antiseptic effect, relieves itching, preventing inflammation and swelling. For medical procedures, unfiltered apple-based vinegar is suitable.

It must be applied to the bite site using a cotton swab. After half an hour, the remnants of the product are washed off with cool water. The skin is wiped dry. If the bite is minor, it is advisable to lubricate the places treated with vinegar with a light moisturizer to prevent dry skin. You can repeat the procedure after a few hours. For those with sensitive skin, vinegar must be diluted with water (1:1) before use.

Baking soda for redness

To reduce itching and redness on the skin around the bite, the usual baking soda. It acts as a neutralizer of acids contained in insect venom. This reduces the risk of infection and the pain gradually subsides. Treatment is carried out with soda paste, mixing a teaspoon of soda with a small amount of water. The agent is generously applied to the affected area and removed warm water after 10 minutes of waiting. If necessary, repeat the procedure after a few hours.

witch hazel to relieve irritation

It is a well-known ingredient in cosmetics. But it is also useful medicinal purposes. The astringent properties of witch hazel can have a beneficial effect on relieving swelling and irritation that accompanies an insect bite. This remedy relieves itching well. You need to apply a small amount of witch hazel to a cotton swab and rub it over the affected area of \u200b\u200bthe skin. Wait until the liquid has completely evaporated. You can repeat several times a day.

Calming properties of oatmeal

To relieve any kind of itching and inflammation, oatmeal is very effective and very affordable. home remedy. It is known for its anti-inflammatory and soothing effects, which can quickly relieve itching and reduce inflammation. For this two glasses oatmeal, and best of all, the flour from them is added to the bath, where you can lower the bitten legs or arms for half an hour. Repeat these soaks two to three times a day, depending on the severity of the symptoms.

To quickly relieve pain from a bite, you can try a simple home method - toothpaste with menthol. The cooling effect of menthol will help to leave itching and reduce pain. It is undesirable to use gel toothpaste for these purposes. A small amount of paste is applied to the affected areas of the skin for ten minutes, and then washed off with cool water. If necessary, you can repeat.

Treatment of a bite with honey

Ordinary honey - indispensable assistant in the home medicine cabinet. If there is no allergy to it, then they can lubricate the skin affected by an insect bite. The moisturizing property of honey will have a soothing effect, reduce itching and swelling. For the best effect, before washing off the honey from the bite, you need to wait about half an hour.

Neutralization of poison with aspirin

Aspirin is able to neutralize the poison from insect bites to promote rapid skin recovery. The anti-inflammatory properties of this medicine can reduce swelling and itching. To do this, crush one tablet of aspirin, add 1-2 drops of water to it to get a medicinal paste. She treats the affected area of the skin and after a few hours wash it off with warm water. Repeat this 1-2 times a day.

Onion antiseptic

Onions, as you know, from a hundred ailments. Treating insect bites with it is also very effective. Thanks to its antiseptic properties, the body can more easily cope with pain, inflammation and swelling that develop after a bite. A bandage is formed from a small amount of chopped onion and attached with adhesive tape or a bandage to the bite site. After 20 minutes, you can remove it and rinse the skin with water.

Often we simply do not notice the bite of some insect, sometimes we scream painfully.

But there may be more sad consequences from meeting some of them, in the form of serious complications or even death. Therefore, we must always be prepared for unforeseen situations and take appropriate measures if necessary.

Introduction

With the first warming, the life of various insects begins to become more active. And there are a lot of them, about five million species. The most common in our country are Lepidoptera, Coleoptera in the form of beetles, butterflies. There are also many Hymenoptera: ants, mosquitoes, wasps, bees.

The most dangerous Hymenoptera, they bring a lot of inconvenience, suffering, illness to a person. The mortality from their bites is more than 3 times higher than the mortality from the bites of reptiles.

Because 30% of the world's population is allergic to proteins of various origins, including those contained in insect venom. When bitten, it easily enters the human body along with poison and saliva.

Insects are carriers of various microorganisms that cause many dangerous diseases in a bitten person. They are transmitted most of all by blood-sucking insects: fleas, mosquitoes, lice, mosquitoes. You need to learn to distinguish insects from completely harmless, medium danger and high danger.

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Why do insects bite?

Each person experiences insect bites to varying degrees. The reaction will always be different, it depends on the individual characteristics of the person and on the type of insect.

If someone without harm to health can be subjected to numerous bites, for another weakened person, even a single bite can cost their lives.

Especially for children after insect bites, you need to be extremely careful. It is not swelling and pain that is dangerous, but the substance that the insect injects. The most serious consequences for a person are a possible allergy, the threat of infection, the transmission of serious diseases.

Almost all insects are insatiable, aggressive, but attack only in 2 cases:

for their own saturation;
defensive purposes.

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Insect bite symptoms

All bites have consequences, but they are different. The symptoms vary little, but the severity of the differences can be significant.

Unpleasant manifestations of bites:

severe itching;
irritation;
redness;
Seal;
soreness;
increase in body temperature;
puffiness;
swelling.

You can not comb the bite site, so as not to inadvertently infect the infection. An especially unpredictable and very dangerous reaction is an allergy. Death can occur within 15–30 minutes. from anaphylactic shock, unless an emergency medical care to the victim.

In addition to local manifestations, a general reaction is also added in the form of:

loss of consciousness;
respiratory failure or cessation;
strong heartbeat;
falling blood pressure;
dizziness.

With a moderate form of allergy in the form of swelling, itching, rash special measures You do not need to take it, but upon arrival home, immediately treat the wound.

What insect bites are dangerous?

Often we underestimate the dangers of a bite, and then pay for our carelessness for years. Hymenoptera are especially dangerous in the middle latitudes: fire and nomadic ants, bumblebees, horseflies, wasps, gadflies, hornets, and bees. They attack not for survival, but for self-defense.

Especially dangerous:

- are carriers of malaria;
mosquitoes- carry leishmaniasis;
mosquitoes- transmit yellow fever and dengue disease;
lice- danger in the form of rickettsiosis, typhoid;
rat fleas- plague wand;
fleas- bubonic plague;
bed bugs- tularemia, viral hepatitis B, plague pathogens, Q-fever;
cockroaches- worms, dysentery, tuberculosis;
tsetse fly- infect with sleeping sickness;
flies- lead to dysentery, typhoid, etc.;
ticks- to incurable Lyme disease;
black widow spider It can even cause death. Here you can read what else live in Russia;
brown recluse spider- completely destroys tissues, it takes months to heal, and young children and the elderly can even die.

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Tumor, as a natural reaction of the body to a bite

After a bite, a tumor appears immediately or after a short period of time, but this is a completely understandable reaction of the body to an irritant. This is how the immune system reacts to dangerous toxins and enzymes injected under the skin by insects. Often this starts an inflammatory process.

Then the puffiness will be insignificant, and the affected areas will resemble only small swellings. But when a man stings more dangerous insect: hornet, wasp, bumblebee, bee, bug then the appearance of a tumor will be inevitable, often very impressive.

The specifics of inflammation after an insect bite

If, after an insect bite, some part of the body is slightly swollen, you should not panic prematurely. This is a normal reaction of the body to the penetration of foreign biologically active substances. But if a significant part swells, or the edema has already spread throughout the body, then an undesirable allergic reaction can be allowed, which must be eliminated immediately.

If there is only a slight discomfort in the form of burning, redness, this is normal. But when the body temperature rises significantly, it means that the process has become generalized, and the patient must be immediately hospitalized.

The specifics of inflammation after a bite in children

If the child's bite is only slightly reddened and itchy, and there are no other dangerous symptoms, while the baby is cheerful and cheerful, and you know that the reason for everything is just a mosquito or a fly, you can safely use any improvised means after bites.

But when the sore spot is very reddened, swollen, there is a temperature, vomiting, and the child is lethargic and whiny, urgently call ambulance.

When should a tumor be treated?

These situations often include:

edema, tumors of an allergic nature;
with a secondary infection (when an infection was introduced into the wound);
tumors affecting the respiratory system.

Now let's take a closer look at when medical assistance may be needed:

The larynx, tongue, or eye swelled from the bite. In the first two cases, suffocation may occur, in the latter, serious damage to the eye is possible.
If more than 3 days have passed after the bite, and the wound has become inflamed, then a secondary infection has occurred.
When intoxication occurs: vomiting, dizziness, elevated body temperature, etc.
An extensive abscess appeared on the affected area - this may be due to tissue damage.
There was a rash, blisters, and the edema quickly spreads further.

It is always better to fight a tumor, especially when bitten by hornets, scorpions, spiders. Some insects do not die immediately after a bite, but can harm a person for a long time. But there are also those who die immediately.

We all know which insect dies after being bitten, of course, it is a bee. This is the most valuable insect for humanity, and attacks only in exceptional defensive cases.

Systemic therapy

In severe cases, systemic therapy is used:

Tablets and injections of potent drugs: hormones, anti-inflammatory and antihistamines, as well as calcium preparations and painkillers.
Analgesics- used for severe pain and allergic reactions. It can be taken in tablet form, but intramuscular administration will work faster: Baralgin, Analgin, etc. To enhance and speed up the effect, they are administered intramuscularly.
Hormonal preparations are also used: Prednisolone in the form of tablets and injections, drops.
Medications with a calcium base needed to reduce the sensitivity of the immune system to slow down the production of histamine. Usually these drugs are used together with antihistamines to enhance the effect.
To eliminate itching, redness, allergic edema, you will need the following drugs: Calcium chloride, Calcium thiosulfate.

Anti-inflammatory drugs

You can remove inflammation with non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, these include ointments, creams, gels. Some of them include glucocorticosteroids, but they are not readily available, they are available only by prescription.

Antihistamines

They are used for allergies and to relieve itching and swelling, they must be taken as soon as possible. Especially with a predisposition to allergies (you should always carry it with you).

All antihistamines are divided into:

local- these are ointments, gels that are applied to the affected area;
systemic- tablets, it is advisable to choose drugs of the 2nd generation, they do not have a sedative effect: Loratadine, Cetirizine, etc.

Local treatment

Topical treatment is directed directly to the skin and mucous membranes that have suffered from an insect bite. Antihistamines - prevent further dissemination edema, quickly remove itching and red spots after a bite, block the production of a protein - histamine.

The most effective antihistamines:

Fenistil;
Tavegil;
Suprastin;
Claritin.

Ointments

Any, even the most effective, ointment can only slightly alleviate the condition of the bitten. But this is not a 100% guarantee of getting rid of the symptoms that disturb you, you should not count on it.

Because they all ointments have a different inherent property only to them: anti-inflammatory, disinfecting, soothing. They can even prevent an allergic reaction.

You need to be able to choose the right tool:

You can pick up an ointment against various fleas, bedbugs, horseflies, mosquitoes and remove discomfort.
But with poisonous stings: leeches, bees, hornets, centipedes, etc., even a good ointment will not bring relief, but only relieve the pain a little. In this case, the ointment is used together with other medicines in order to quickly remove intoxication.
When a tick bites, an ointment with only an antiseptic effect is needed, but, alas, it is not able to protect against infection with encephalitis or berylliosis.

Especially effective ointments:

Hydrocortisone;
Streptoderm;
Akriderm;
Levomekol;
Advantan;
Menovazin;
Fenistil.

Balms

Balms are good to use in first aid, it will soothe and cool the skin:

for adults - Gardex Family, Floresan cream-balm, Mosquitall, OFF, Mommy Care, Doctor Theiss Arnica, etc.;
for children - "My sun", Gardex Baby, Acomarin cream.

Folk remedies

Traditional medicine will help relieve swelling after a bite:

cold compress or ice;
crush a little and attach plantain, mint, parsley, dandelion leaves and fix;
prepare a decoction of Veronica officinalis and make lotions: 1 tbsp. l. herbs for 1 tbsp. boiling water, insist until cool;
make a decoction of parsley roots: chop 0.5 tbsp. l. roots per 0.5 l. boiling water, boil for 2-3 minutes, cool and take 2 tbsp. l. 3 times a day;
soda solution: dissolve 1 tsp of soda in 5 tbsp. l. boiled water and treat the affected area;
treat with medical alcohol or vodka in half with water, boric alcohol, calendula;
balm "Asterisk" helps well.

Conclusion

Self-treatment can be carried out only in the absence of allergies and with a mild standard form of the body's reaction to an insect bite.

With an increase in temperature, the appearance of severe edema, suffocation, unbearable itching, jumps in blood pressure, blisters that begin to merge before our eyes, forming large areas, immediately consult a doctor or call an ambulance. home treatment unacceptable, it can lead to serious complications and even death.

In order not to deal with the consequences of bites, it is better to warn them right away. There is a huge selection of products for protection and repelling insects. And the right remedy will help maintain health!