IN Lately increasingly popular among amateur gardeners, summer residents and owners country houses with small land plots purchase lawn maintenance devices - so-called trimmers. Indeed, compared to large cart-type lawn mowers, trimmers are quite compact, lightweight and convenient for mowing grass in hard-to-reach areas.

Trimmers are divided into two types: electric and gasoline.

Electric trimmers can be powered by a power cord plugged into an outlet or by a battery. Gasoline trimmers can be powered by two-stroke or four-stroke internal combustion engines.

Each type of trimmer has its own typical faults, which we will try to consider in this article.

Typical faults of electric trimmers

Trimmer doesn't cut grass. Most often, the culprit of the problem is a failed cutting tool. If you use a trimmer with metal blades (cutters), most likely they are dull and need sharpening. If the grass is cut with a trimmer line, replace the worn line with a new one.
The device vibrates a lot during operation. Most likely, the coil socket is clogged with particles of mowed grass, or the coil itself has failed. In the first case, you should remove the coil and clear the blockage from the seat. In the second, replace the failed part with a serviceable one. If you do not have experience disassembling the trimmer, it is better to have professionals do it.
The electric motor of the trimmer does not start working. First of all, check the presence of voltage in the power supply network and the serviceability of the plug and cord. Special attention Pay attention to traces of melting, bending of the cable and damaged insulation. If they are working properly, the graphite brushes of the motor may be worn out. Defective elements should be repaired or replaced with new ones.
The blade knife has stopped rotating. If the electrical part is not at fault, then it would be better to contact a service center for help.

Typical malfunctions of gasoline trimmers

1. The trimmer motor does not start. The cause of the problem may be a malfunction in the trimmer's ignition system or the use of low-quality fuel (mixture).

Typical fuel problems:

Use of low-quality (counterfeit) gasoline contaminated with various impurities;
The presence of water in gasoline;
Excessive fuel level in the tank (cylinder);
Usage fuel mixture with incorrect proportions of gasoline and oil.

Typical problems in the ignition system:

Damaged or dirty spark plug;
Incorrectly set gap between spark plug electrodes. The easiest way is to replace the problematic spark plug with a new one or seek help from specialists.

2. When the engine is running, a characteristic knocking noise is heard. The knocking noise may be caused by a damaged cylinder, crankshaft or bearing. All damaged parts should be replaced with good ones. If the trimmer engine makes a metallic knock during operation, it is quite possible that you have chosen the wrong type of fuel mixture (gasoline with oil or gasoline with an additive). The mixture should be drained and replaced with the correct one. In addition, extraneous sounds can be produced by an overheated engine that has been running continuously for more than the specified period (usually the safe period is 15 minutes).

3.The trimmer ignition system is faulty. Such malfunctions are caused by water getting into the fuel mixture or problems with the spark plug.

4. The trimmer motor suddenly stalls. Typically, such reasons are caused by a lack of fuel mixture in the tank, a faulty spark plug, or damage to the high-voltage wire in the ignition system.

An unpleasant situation when mowing grass occurs at the most inopportune moment: you need to work quickly, but the electric mower is broken.

It is necessary to urgently repair the electric trimmer, the design of which at first glance is simple, but in fact there can be a lot of places of damage.

The article contains an overview typical breakdowns. Familiarity with it will help save time on troubleshooting and troubleshooting.

In simple words about the design and operating principles

The trimmer device can be divided into two parts:

Electrical diagram;
Kinematics system.

The electrics are based on supplying voltage from the outlet to a commutator motor, which rotates the rotor.

Depending on the purpose specific model this motor is located on top or bottom of the trimmer, equipped with various protections and governing bodies.

Powerful models are created for quickly mowing large areas, while medium and low-power models allow you to decoratively cultivate lawns, trim shrubs, and form flower beds.

The mechanical part is made of a collapsible body with a kinematic diagram that transfers the rotational energy of the engine rotor to the working body of the mowing head.

Mechanics and electrical are closely interconnected: a breakdown in any place leads to the trimmer being taken out of operation. Let us consider these situations in more detail to make repairs possible.

A quick way to check an electrical circuit

When put into operation commutator motor the current passes sequentially through all half-windings of the stator and rotor through the brush mechanism.

The paradox with electricity or what rushing leads to

The banal truth: voltage is supplied by turning on the switch from the contacts of the plug inserted into the socket.

However, my neighbor in the country managed to goof up on this issue and invited me to look at the brushes of the disassembled electric motor of the trimmer in order to explain why it does not work.

When I asked about the voltage in the outlet, he confidently stated that. I asked to see it, because I don’t trust words in such matters.

He took the indicator and showed that it was glowing from the socket contact. Then I asked to go to the extension plug and rearrange it, changing the sockets. His initial surprise quickly passed: during the second check, the indicator light did not light up.

There was a break in one extension cord, which prevented the supply of voltage to the working trimmer motor. There was no point in taking it apart and looking at the brushes.

Start any check of the functionality of the electrical circuit from the analysis of the health of power circuits. This reduces the time required to find and eliminate defects.

The most important element of an electric trimmer

The trouble for novice users is that they do not fully understand the role of temperature in the operation of a commutator motor, or indeed any electric motor.

Electric current flows well through cold or overheated winding wires and normally creates a magnetic field that rotates the rotor. And the insulation varnish, and other surrounding materials, melt and flow as the temperature rises.

The photo shows the trimmer cover body deformed from high heat and a failed motor.

Below is a photo of burnt insulation of the stator and rotor windings, which have sintered into a single lump.

It is not economically profitable to eliminate such breakdowns. Replacing a burnt-out engine in a repair shop is slightly less expensive than buying a new trimmer in a store.

Temperature compliance

During operation, it is necessary to monitor the heating of the housing.

This requirement is especially relevant for low-power models with a lower engine. They are intended for short-term work on mowing lawns with short grass: they have a simplified design and are not equipped with overheating protection.

Electric trimmers of the middle class and above are equipped with a protective thermal relay. When it reaches a critical temperature, its bimetallic contact breaks the flow chain electric current, and after cooling it restores.

On my trimmer it began to trigger falsely: I had to block the contacts. Described this case. There he also showed in detail with photographs the sequence of disassembling the engine. Get to know the technology.

With the thermal relay contacts bypassed, the trimmer worked until the end of the season. While mowing, I periodically checked the body temperature with my hand and took breaks. Over the winter I found a new thermostat and replaced the old one. After that I work with thermal protection.

How can an electric trimmer motor overheat?

From ancient times at the institute, I remember the phrase of the teacher of the department of strength strength and the theory of shell strength about the reliability of the design of any mechanism: all equipment is designed and created to work with optimal conditions with an acceptable safety factor.

It cannot be underestimated: there will be frequent breakdowns, and it is not economically profitable to overestimate: the cost increases sharply.

I made this introduction in order to emphasize that the operating conditions specified by the factory must be studied and strictly observed. Otherwise, breakdowns are inevitable: the electric trimmer will need to be repaired.

What do “newly-minted innovators” do to make their work easier:

install a thicker line in the mowing head;
remove the protective casing with the line cutting knife;
mounted on the head with an “eternal fishing line” made of chains, thick wire, soldered tape from plastic bottles;
fasten homemade knives from strips of steel.

A thick line does cut taller grass better, but it also puts more stress on the engine. Overheating does not occur immediately, but after a certain period of time.

The length of the rotating sections of fishing line affects not only the width of the swath, but also the operation of the engine. This is especially noticeable by hearing the rotor speed. The release of a longer line and the absence of a cutting knife on the protective cover are a prerequisite for overheating of the windings.

For the same reason, it is unacceptable to violate the design of the cutting elements of the mowing head.

If there is a need to modify some elements contrary to the requirements of the factory documentation, then carefully make a technical decision and calculate all possible consequences.

I did this when making it homemade extension cord for your electric trimmer,

Here is another example of a gross violation of the installation of the electrical cable input into the trimmer body: blocking the shock-absorbing protective sleeve instead of replacing the damaged one.

Such a rigid mount will not work for long: in tightened with clamps location, the power cord will be constantly subject to increased bending, which will lead to rapid damage or breakage of the metal core and disruption of its insulation layer.

What to check first in an electrical circuit

After opening the case, it is necessary to inspect all wires and parts, paying attention to contact connections and the integrity of the insulation.

The operation of the control buttons is checked not only by mechanical pressing, but also

It is necessary to clearly determine the moment of change in the resistance value when switching with a button and make sure that the springs of the return mechanism are working.

On the engine, the condition of the brush mechanism is inspected and its operation is checked. Pay attention to the cleanliness and condition of the surface of the collector plates.

It is important to carefully examine the condition of the commutator motor windings, evaluate the operation of the bearings by hand by rotating the rotor in the stator, and the absence of transverse play.

Do not apply mains voltage to electrical diagram with the case disassembled. The function test should only be carried out after the engine has been completely assembled.

How to look for mechanical faults

The transmission of rotation from the electric trimmer to the mowing head is carried out in the same way as in models with an internal combustion engine: a solid shaft operates inside the rectangular section of the bar, and a cable operates inside the curved section.

Their length, diameter and design are selected by the manufacturer for the specific dimensions of the composite rod.

Features of the connection point of the composite rod

It is made with an adapter with a screw clamp.

The large screw head is made for easy adjustment of the position of the mowing unit at the bottom of the bar. The rotation angle is selected individually.

It is convenient for me to set it so that the longitudinal axis protective casing and the axes of the electric motor were located in the same plane.

At this point, a malfunction may sometimes occur due to the transmission of torque from the direct shaft to the cable. It is manifested by the fact that Idling engine, the trimmer works normally, but even under a small load the mowing head stops rotating.

The method for eliminating it was well demonstrated by the owner of the video “Repairing an Electric Trimmer,” Roman Shapkov. I recommend watching it.

Method of fastening the mowing head and casing

On my trimmer, the bottom of the rod has an adapter secured with rivets, into which the fastening bolt of the protective casing is screwed.

The output shaft of the rotating cable has a hexagon at the end. A plastic mowing head is placed on it.

A return spring for automatic line release when mowing is inserted into it from the inside.

A spool is inserted onto it. It is screwed on top with a fixing nut.

The structure of the mowing head with fishing line is quite simple.

However, everything plastic parts do not have high strength and are subject to wear. Their work surfaces are erased. After three seasons of working on my trimmer, the output holes of the line from the mowing head have widened, and the thickness of the fixing nut has decreased.

Applying protective measures to wear is difficult, and the easiest way to repair these parts is to completely replace the head. It’s easy to buy: you just need to know the exact dimensions of the hexagon and evaluate new design according to performance characteristics.

Secrets of choosing fishing line

Among frequent malfunctions trimmer reel, there are cases when the line runs out or simply gets tangled due to improper winding on the spool. Eliminating them is not difficult.

But in practice, I encountered another defect in the fishing line, which was sold in the state retail chain from the Moscow company Patriot LLC. Its appearance is in original packaging.

As I understand it, it is specially hidden in a sealed bag: you cannot touch it when purchasing.

When I opened the packaging to install the fishing line into the spool, I immediately noticed its plasticity, not its elasticity. It bends easily and behaves like a soft wire: upon contact with grass, it immediately breaks. It is impossible to mow it: I managed to return it to the seller.

Since then, I only buy fishing line that I can crush in my hands and evaluate its performance properties.

I try to avoid varieties of regular round fishing line. I prefer a ribbed shape with edges: a star, trapezoid, square or triangle. They cut grass better.

How to eliminate increased vibration

The trimmer's reliably assembled mechanics are well balanced. She provides comfortable work. However, bearings can wear out over time and lose lubrication.

The assembled shaft, which transmits rotation from the engine to the spool, is capable of touching the inner walls of the rod, creating excessive friction with heating.

Such a defect can and must be eliminated. Repairman TV demonstrates this technology in his video “Vibration during operation of an electric mower.”

If you still have questions about how to repair an electric trimmer, then ask them in the comments. I will answer.

How repair electronic trimmer Specialists from the service center will be able to assess the breakdown and future repairs. Repair of electronic trimmers To maintain the lawn in

How to repair electric trimmer

Service center specialists will be able to assess the breakdown and future repairs.

Electric trimmer repair

To maintain the lawn in proper condition, it is convenient to use a trimmer. There are petrol trimmers (their engine runs on petrol) and electronic trimmers (powered by mains power). All types of trimmers have problems. You should not repair electronic trimmers without the help of others; you must contact a service center where you can repair trimmer.

It’s worth warning right away that repairing an electric trimmer, like other equipment, is not cheap, especially if you need to repair the trimmer motor or replace the coil. In some cases it is actually easier to buy new tool. This can be assessed by a competent specialist who knows how to repair trimmer.

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I'm sorting it out electrical mower and looking for a problem.

Repairing electric trimmers won't be a hassle if you know where to get your trimmer repaired. Neither online forums nor friends will solve the question of how to repair a trimmer; only professionals will help. If there are no spare parts for a specific model, they will be able to select similar ones.

Electrical problems

Equipment that operates from the network differs from similar devices that provide a built-in power drive in that it has more simple design. The main elements of the trimmer are the following components:

the mechanical part that transmits torque to the trimmer head;
electric motor;
power cable.

In this case, all problems that may arise with this equipment can be presented in the following groups.

Mechanical problems

Main function when using the device placed on the trimmer head, in which the cutting surface is made of fishing line. In most cases, the device fails due to problems with its supply.

If the failure of a gasoline trimmer is associated with problems in the mechanical part, then the repair technology will mostly repeat the work carried out on electric models.

Electrical damage

To repair electric trimmers, you need to prepare the appropriate tools:

indicator screwdriver;
multimeter;
blowtorch.

It is quite difficult to find out by visual inspection what caused the problem; in most cases, only the most obvious faults can be determined “by eye”.

Regardless of the nature of the malfunction, this in any case leads to the engine stopping.

If there are signs of damage power cable, then you will need to think about installing a new one.
If the problem is in the socket, then in this case you need to make sure with an indicator screwdriver that this is really the case. If your fears are confirmed, you should choose a different outlet to connect to.
Engine failure may be due to damage to the fork. In this case, it must be disassembled and replaced with a functional product.
Sometimes problems can be related to the control knob. First you need to make sure of this, for which use an indicator screwdriver: if one of the wires breaks, the contact will not close. In this case, the damaged wiring is replaced.
The motor stator winding can also cause the motor to fail. First, check with a multimeter. For this purpose the measuring the device must be switched to operating mode with minimal resistance, and then its probes are connected to graphite brushes. If there are no resistance readings, then based on this we can conclude that the winding has burned out. The repair will consist of installing a new engine. Usually, there are no problems finding the necessary spare parts for an electric trimmer.
Also, the engine may fail as a result of a break in one of the contact connections. If there are no signs of damage to the winding, it is necessary to check all connections using a multimeter. When a damaged contact is detected, you need to solder it yourself.

Equipment of this type is characterized by a more complex structure, since it provides not only a drive, but also a number of other elements: gas distribution system, fuel tank and control.

Considering mechanical damage, it should be noted that this includes filter clogging. The operating requirements stipulate that they must be changed during regular maintenance of the device.

Extremely It is undesirable to opt for models from little-known manufacturers, since the level of their implementation is often quite low. Considering that the components for petrol trimmers are not offered in every store, it may be difficult to obtain them.

Fuel supply and ignition system

In most cases, malfunctions arise precisely in this area, and each owner can fix such problems with his own hands.

Engine malfunctions

If the failure of the trimmer is associated with a non-working engine, then in this case it will not be so easy for the owner to understand what caused the problem and how it can be fixed. It’s good if the device is still under warranty, in which case you can take the trimmer to a repair shop, whose specialists will handle this task fairly quickly and efficiently. Among the causes of engine failure that are often identified and least associated with difficulties in eliminating the causes of engine failure is the destruction of the piston rings. You can verify this by removing the cylinder head and piston.

Conclusion

The owner of a gasoline or electric trimmer should always be prepared for the fact that at some point this equipment will require repairs. However, it is not always the right decision will contact the service center. Often the causes of the malfunction can be quite simple, which can be eliminated at home. The main thing is to know where to look for it.

However, it is best not to solve such problems, but to prevent their occurrence. For this Manufacturer's recommendations for use and care must be strictly followed. behind the trimmer. Then situations when you have to think about repairing a gasoline or electric trimmer will arise much less frequently. And this will help the owner save a lot of time, effort and money.