Options for greenhouses from scrap materials - we do it ourselves. Greenhouse: how to build, diagrams, types and designs - simple and more serious

A greenhouse for summer residents is the simplest and most unpretentious design for growing seedlings, as well as early vegetables and herbs. Currently, garden stores sell inexpensive snowdrop greenhouses that are easily and quickly installed on personal plot. Making such a greenhouse with your own hands is not at all difficult. There are the simplest designs that do not require large financial investments and labor costs.

Description of the snowdrop greenhouse design: design, advantages and disadvantages

The snowdrop greenhouse is the simplest design, which consists of a certain number of plastic (or metal) arcs and covering material ( polyethylene film or agrofibre). Since greenhouses are much smaller in size than greenhouses, the requirements for them are not so stringent.

The small snowdrop greenhouse is easy to assemble and also easy to dismantle. It will only take a few hours to install it. It does not take up much space on the site and therefore can be placed anywhere in the garden. For such a greenhouse you can do wooden base, but you can do without it. In this case, plastic or metal arcs are simply buried in the ground. The spunbond is attached to the arches with special latches, clips or other convenient methods.

Basically, the snowdrop greenhouse is made of spunbond (agrofibre), since it has a large number of advantages compared to polyethylene. Arcs from plastic pipes much lighter than metal ones, bend easily and do not rust.

Advantages and disadvantages of a snowdrop greenhouse made of plastic pipes and agrofibre

Examples of designs in the photo

Small greenhouse “snowdrop” made of agrofibre
Greenhouse made of plastic pipes
Greenhouse on a wooden base made of spunbond
Small polycarbonate greenhouse
Small square greenhouse made of polycarbonate
Triangular wooden greenhouse
Greenhouse "snowdrop" made of plastic pipes under plastic film
Polycarbonate greenhouse

Preparation for construction: drawings and design diagrams

To build a snowdrop greenhouse, you do not need special complex drawings or diagrams. It will be enough to draw by hand simple diagram greenhouse indicating the number of arcs and the size of agrofibre.

The greenhouse is 4 meters long, 1 or 1.2 meters wide.

Construction of a snowdrop greenhouse will not cause much difficulty, since you will need to buy required amount plastic pipes and a roll of spunbond.

When purchasing covering material, it is necessary to accurately calculate the width of the material, since agrofibre can be made in widths from 1.6 to 3.5 meters. A narrow canvas can be used in a ground-based greenhouse as mulch.

To build a small greenhouse with a length of 4 to 6 meters, you can simply sew on sewing machine two strips of spunbond.

If you plan to plant seedlings early in the ground, then it is best to use dense spunbond with a density of 60 units. Standard snowdrop greenhouses are covered with agrofibre with a density of 42 units.

Calculation of the required amount of material and tools for building a greenhouse

We will build a small greenhouse 4 meters long. To create it we will need:

• Plastic PVC pipes- 5 pieces (diameter 20 mm). Pipes are sold in lengths of 3 meters. HDPE pipes can be used.
• Agricultural material - a piece 6–7 meters long (if the width is 1.6, then the footage is multiplied by 2).
• If we make a greenhouse with a base, then we will need wooden boards - 2 pieces 4 meters long and 2 pieces 1 or 1.2 meters long. The width of the greenhouse will depend on its height; the higher the structure, the smaller its width will be. If there are strong winds in the region, then it is best not to build a high greenhouse.
• If we put arcs on the reinforcement, we will need 10 rods about 40–50 cm long.

Tools:

• Hammer, nails;
• Screwdriver, self-tapping screws;
• Construction level, corner;
• Bayonet shovel.

Step-by-step instructions with photos for building and installing an arched greenhouse “snowdrop”

1. First we need to knock down the base for the greenhouse. To do this, we take wooden boards and knock them into a rectangle. We check the evenness of the structure with a corner or building level.
2. We install the base on the ground in the place where the greenhouse will be built. On the sides with the outer or inside at a distance of 1 meter from each other, we drive the reinforcement to a depth of approximately 20–30 cm. The rods should be located opposite each other.
3. We bend plastic pipes and insert them into metal rods. For greater strength, plastic pipes can be secured to the base with self-tapping screws and metal plates.
4. You can also nail it for greater strength. wooden blocks at the corners of the base and in the places where the arches are attached.
5. If we need to make the greenhouse more stable and reliable, then we simply nail vertical wooden boards to the board base (at the short ends). We attach a vertical board to them on the edge, in which we pre-drill holes with a diameter slightly larger than the plastic pipe.
6. During the assembly of the greenhouses, we thread each pipe into these holes. The greenhouse structure will be more durable.
7. If you make special folds in the agricultural material every meter and stitch them, then the arcs can be simply inserted into them and then there will be no need to secure them to the structure with special latches or clips.
8. For further use greenhouse, you may need ordinary clips for plastic pipes, which will secure the agricultural material raised to the required height.

How to make a snowdrop greenhouse for cucumbers, peppers and eggplants

A triangular-shaped greenhouse is perfect for growing cucumbers.

1. First, we make a wooden base the same as for an arched greenhouse. In the middle we nail the posts every meter.
2. Then we nail two inclined boards to them on each side of the base. We get a triangular-shaped structure.
3. We nail a long beam or attach a pipe to the top of the greenhouse.
4. We attach agrofibre to the sides of the greenhouse. We also attach spunbond to the sides, but only in a different way. We cut off the required number of strips, measuring the length by the width of the material with a margin. We nail small wooden slats to the agrofibre on both sides, which will serve as a certain “anchor” for the material. We cover the greenhouse with it and nail it on top so that it sticks better to the structure.
5. Thanks to wooden slats agrofibre will not rise in strong winds, it will not need to be fixed at the base, and it will also be convenient to use the greenhouse on both sides.
6. If desired, agrofibre can be replaced with cheaper polyethylene film.
7. After the cucumbers begin to curl, the agrofibre can be removed and high posts can be nailed to the side parts. Between them we will just need to pull a rope along which the cucumbers will curl upward.

How to use a greenhouse

• The snowdrop greenhouse made of plastic pipes is easy to assemble, so at the end of the season you can simply assemble it like an accordion and put it in the pantry.
• If the greenhouse has a wooden base, it will need to be regularly treated with antiseptic agents to prevent the appearance of fungus and mold.
• Agrofibre is a lightweight but durable material that can be easily washed in an automatic machine.
• If you want to use biological fuel as additional heating for a greenhouse, its base will have to be buried about 15–20 centimeters into the ground. Side walls we insulate with polystyrene foam and fill the inside of the greenhouse organic fertilizer: manure, as well as dry leaves, hay or straw.
• Place the prepared soil mixture on top of the layers.

Biofuel types:

• Horse manure is considered the best organic fuel, since within 7 days after installing a greenhouse, the temperature inside it will rise to +25–30°C and will remain for about two and a half months. Thanks to this, seedlings for early vegetables can be grown in such a greenhouse.
• Cow and pig manure are slightly worse than horse manure, as they produce less heat. The temperature in the greenhouse does not rise above +20°C and lasts only 1 month.
• Goat, sheep and rabbit manure have similar characteristics to horse manure and produce the same amount of heat.

Since biofuel settles over time, when laying it it is necessary to make a sufficiently high layer.

Video: how to make a snowdrop greenhouse with your own hands

Light and simple design The snowdrop greenhouse is perfect for growing seedlings, early vegetables and herbs. It does not take up much space and can be built in just a few hours if you have all the materials and tools. After the season ends, such a greenhouse can be removed to make room for growing other late crops. Thus, with a minimum of effort and a little imagination, you can build an excellent collapsible greenhouse on your site.

Every owner summer cottage sooner or later he wonders how to increase the productivity of the garden and optimize financial and physical costs. As a rule, it is after this that they begin to consider the available greenhouses with their own hands: the most best projects and features of their implementation. This article will discuss successful greenhouse designs, materials for construction and coating, as well as detailed description the process of constructing a building.

Before you begin building a greenhouse, you need to decide on several fundamental aspects that will determine the size, type and location of the structure. First of all, you should think about what you plan to grow in it. For example, a greenhouse for tomatoes should correspond in height to the growth of adult plants, while growing exclusively seedlings does not require a large structure.

Another important point– the material from which the construction will be carried out. The most popular option, which is used in most cases, is wood. But today wood has given way to lighter and more affordable modern materials, for example, plastic pipes and covering material. But this does not mean that wooden frames were abandoned altogether. Wooden and metal greenhouses can still be found quite often.

In addition, give the area a neat appearance The symmetrical arrangement of all buildings, fences and paths will help. But the most important thing is that the greenhouse is positioned correctly and does not cover the windows of the house, does not block the passage, etc.

Do-it-yourself wooden greenhouses and greenhouses: photos, instructions and material features

Wood is one of the most affordable and popular materials, which is used for various constructions. Of course, it cannot be denied that wood, more than any other material, is susceptible to the influence of external factors, however, this does not stop many owners of summer cottages who want to build a greenhouse with their own hands.

Soft wood species are acceptable for the construction of temporary structures. In this case, pine, alder, spruce, aspen or linden are suitable. For more reliable and permanent structures, it is better to use other deciduous trees or swamp cypress, larch.

In the process of constructing a greenhouse, the frame of which is made of wood, it is very important to prepare a reliable foundation that will become solid foundation structures.

Foundation options for a greenhouse and a greenhouse for a do-it-yourself cottage

Depending on the design features, you can make one or another version of the foundation that will be suitable for this type of structure:

• foundation made of railway sleepers or timber. To do this, you need to prepare a trench into which sleepers or timber are laid. All these elements are connected using metal brackets. Then, the finished greenhouse frame is installed on top;

• For places where windy weather often occurs, it is preferable to install a columnar foundation. Thanks to the availability concrete base, such a design can withstand severe wind loads, and even hurricanes. For this purpose, pipes with a diameter of more than 20 cm will be required. They are dug in to a depth of 90 to 120 cm so that they do not freeze during the cold season;
• a block foundation is another solution to the issue of installing a foundation for a greenhouse or greenhouse. In this case, sand and gravel are first poured into a pre-prepared trench, and then concrete blocks. It's all poured in cement mortar and then a frame of beams is attached on top;
• strip foundations are practically not used for greenhouses, since they are designed for more severe loads. In a not too deep trench there is a concrete pad 30-50 cm thick. The main advantage of this option is that it is extremely long term services, which allows you to change designs by installing them on the same base.

Assembling a greenhouse frame with your own hands

Having figured out the difference between a greenhouse and a greenhouse, and having installed the type of foundation that is suitable for you, you can proceed directly to the construction of the frame itself. As mentioned earlier, there are several options that you can implement yourself, for example, an arched or gable design. It all depends on your preferences, as well as the characteristics of the area where the installation will be carried out.

Most often at dachas you can find rectangular greenhouses or greenhouses with gable roof. Making wooden greenhouses with your own hands is quite simple, and their use will be quite comfortable if you think through all the nuances.

Features of each stage of construction. How to choose and secure covering material. Advantages of PVC pipe structures.

Installation always begins with the installation of a support beam, which is attached to the foundation, and usually has a thickness somewhat greater than the rest wooden elements, which are used for the frame itself. In this case, all elements are necessarily treated with a protective antiseptic.

All fastenings must be reliable, so you can use reinforcement, anchor or metal bolts for this purpose. Another important aspect– the integrity of the timber, which is used as a base. It must be solid, without cracks or signs of rotting, since the stability of the structure depends on this.

The construction of a wooden greenhouse with your own hands is carried out according to the drawing you choose. But, in general, the scheme of work looks like this: it is necessary to assemble two side and two end walls, which are then fastened together with screws, corners, metal profiles or clamps.

When the “box” is ready, you can proceed to installing the rafters. Their number depends on your preferences, however, it is worth understanding that the more there are, the easier it will be to attach the covering material and the stronger the structure in general will be.

When all the rafters are secured, you can proceed to the installation of the roof ridge, which is attached to the upper groove of the rafters. At the same stage, it is worth securing the wind boards, for which the side grooves of the rafters are provided. You can see more details on how exactly to do this in the drawing or diagram. All these elements must be made of solid material.

The final stage of construction can be called the installation of a doorway, as well as a window, which is provided for ventilation. After this, all that remains is to cover the frame with covering material, and you can begin operation.

Helpful advice! One of the most effective ways protection against rodents - lay a chain-link mesh with small cells under the greenhouse. This must be done before installing the frame.

The most convenient DIY greenhouses. Photos of models made of polycarbonate and plastic pipes

One of the modern and inexpensive options for building a greenhouse is the use of plastic pipes. Depending on the manufacturing technology, they are divided into polypropylene, metal-plastic and PVC.

The last option is slightly cheaper than all the others. But metal-plastic ones, although the most expensive, can provide a much higher level of strength. Therefore, in this case, you should be guided by your preferences and financial capabilities. As an example, you can look at photos of greenhouses in the country with your own hands.

The main advantages of a plastic greenhouse frame over a wooden one are ease of installation and the ability to give the structure any shape. As in the case of a wooden one, construction must begin with choosing a location and preparing the site. Having decided on the purpose and size of the greenhouse, you can proceed to drawing the diagram and purchasing the appropriate quantity necessary materials.

Often structures made from plastic pipes are made temporary, since they can be easily dismantled and reassembled several times. The type of foundation that needs to be laid depends on whether the greenhouse is stationary or collapsible. In the first case, it is better to use tape or columnar. For a temporary structure, you can not make a foundation at all, but simply dig in metal pins and reinforce the site with boards.

Using pins, the base is made as follows:

1. Strong metal pins are dug into the ground. They should protrude approximately 30 cm above the ground surface.
2. One edge of the pipe is placed on the pin.
3. The pipe is bent in such a way that the second edge can also be put on the pin, which is dug parallel to the first.

How to economically build a greenhouse with your own hands from plastic pipes

Anyone can make a simple greenhouse with their own hands without any special financial investment or effort. To do this, you just need to purchase all the necessary materials, according to the selected drawing and follow a fairly simple algorithm:

1. After the base arcs are installed, it is necessary to fasten them together. To do this, you need to use a pipe, the length of which will correspond to the length of the entire greenhouse.
2. A long pipe (or two short ones, fastened together) is located in the center of the arches standing on the base, and is fixed as tightly as possible with clamps or ropes. At this point, the frame assembly can be considered certified.
3. It is best to use polycarbonate or polyethylene film as a coating. In the first case, the thickness of the polycarbonate must be at least 4 mm, and the sheet size can be any, since this material can be easily cut and adjusted to the size of the greenhouse. In the second case, the film is cut into strips and attached to the arches using double-sided tape, stationery binders or special fastenings for pipes
4. Fastening polycarbonate or film must be overlapped. To connect sheets, you can use self-tapping screws with wide heads or thermal washers. The main thing is to pay due attention to sealing the joints. You can use a special tape for this.

You can build small ones for greenery with your own hands from scrap materials

Greenhouse made of covering material: which is better, polycarbonate or film

The technical and operational characteristics of polycarbonate have allowed it to take a leading position among the materials used to create greenhouses and greenhouses. It is quite simple to cut and attach, and at the same time it is resistant to external factors. In addition, it has excellent light transmission, providing plants with the necessary amount of sunlight.

It is worth considering that this is durable and reliable material costs significantly more than the usual and affordable polyethylene film, which is still widely used to cover greenhouses.

Anyone can figure out how to cover a greenhouse with film. The main thing is to fasten it to the frame as securely as possible and fix it at the bottom by sprinkling the edges with earth and laying heavy boards or bricks. When deciding which film to choose for a greenhouse, you should first of all be guided by its strength. But in any case, most likely, it will not last more than one season. The price of greenhouse film is affordable, so you can replace it without much difficulty or investment.

As for the features of fastening polycarbonate, it is worth noting the presence of several in various ways. So, in addition to ordinary self-tapping screws, you can use aluminum staples or special plastic earrings.

Another option is to use profiles for this purpose. In this case, you need to drill holes in advance that will allow you to attach the coating to the metal frame.

Helpful advice! The use of thermal washers in the process of attaching polycarbonate is a mandatory measure, since this is what allows the material to maintain its integrity and prevents condensation.

Do-it-yourself greenhouse from window frames: how to arrange a place for growing seedlings

On garden plots You can often find small greenhouses made from old window frames. Of course, such a design is unlikely to be suitable for growing tall and large crops, but it will be more than useful as a do-it-yourself greenhouse for seedlings.

The main advantage of this option is financial savings. All you need are old window frames. If they have glass, you can leave them and use them instead of the standard coating. If the frames are empty, then after installation they can be covered with plastic film or inserted into cut polycarbonate sheets.

Even for such a small and light greenhouse, it is necessary to prepare the foundation in advance. For this purpose, it is installed wooden frame from boards or timber. A 50x50 mm beam or a board 40 mm thick is best suited for this purpose.

The frame will consist of racks, as well as an upper and lower harness, which are made from identical boards. The racks must be installed at such a distance from each other that window frame could come between them.

Timber is best suited for the roof, as it is more durable and minimizes the risk of greenhouse destruction under the weight of snow in winter time. Also, they are more durable gable structures, which is also worth considering.

As for attaching the frames themselves to the supports, this can be done using nails and screws. It must be fixed on all four sides, both from the outside and from the inside. All remaining cracks must be sealed using polyurethane foam.

Like the walls of the greenhouse, it is best to cover the roof with polycarbonate or cover it with film. This will provide the plants with the maximum amount of light.

Helpful advice! It is best to start installing the coating from the roof, gradually moving down. Otherwise, you risk damaging already coated areas by touching them during the work process.

Do-it-yourself greenhouse under a film made of galvanized steel profile

Profile is another material that has recently become actively used for the construction of greenhouses and greenhouses. The main advantage of this method is the ability to give the structure any shape and size, without being limited to any standard sizes.

Helpful advice! In order to build a beautiful and reliable greenhouse with your own hands from a profile, videos, calculations and step-by-step photo instructions, offered on the Internet can serve you well. Do not neglect the advice of specialists, as well as the recommendations of users who have already had to work with such buildings before.

To work you will need the following tools: measuring tape, building level and a plumb line, scissors designed for working with metal and a screwdriver.

Installation of the frame begins with fixing the guide profile, which is attached to the foundation using self-tapping screws. One upper beam must connect all sections, which must be at such a distance that the structure is sufficiently rigid. As a rule, the pitch is a third and a fourth of the length of the polycarbonate sheet.

Using the same principle, you can make a galvanized greenhouse under the film. You just need to think in advance about how to attach the film to the greenhouse. Otherwise, the technology is no different from that used for wooden structures and greenhouses made of plastic pipes.

Very often, galvanized profiles are used for greenhouses for tomatoes. It is quite simple to build it with your own hands, and at the same time the structure has the proper strength. Moreover, every summer resident, interested in the question of how to grow tomatoes in a greenhouse, will definitely be faced with the fact that the temperature in a greenhouse for tomatoes should not drop too low. Therefore, it may be worth thinking about a heating system at the design and construction stage.

How to care for the structure and how to prepare the greenhouse for planting

Regardless of whether you chose a greenhouse under film or a more fundamental design using polycarbonate, before you start planting, you need to carry out a number of procedures. First of all, this concerns the preparation of soil and beds in a greenhouse with your own hands. Photos and diagrams of how to correctly arrange everything inside clearly demonstrate that by calculating everything in advance, you can ensure convenience and ease of working with plants.

When wondering how to treat a greenhouse in the spring before planting, you should study everything in detail possible methods, in order to protect plants and buildings. First of all, it must be a high-quality antiseptic that will destroy all dangerous microorganisms living in the soil.

When considering the question of which is better, a greenhouse or a greenhouse, it is also worth considering that the first option is often installed on open ground, and the structure can be moved to a new location from year to year. But the greenhouse is a stationary structure, and it will not be possible to move it without effort.

Another important point is how to make beds in a greenhouse. Here you need to start from what kind of crop you plan to grow. For example, if you start building a greenhouse for peppers with your own hands, then the width of the bed should be at least 80 cm. At the same time, the paths should be thought out in such a way as to provide free access to each plant.

The most convenient DIY greenhouse: video instructions for making

After watching the video, a DIY greenhouse will no longer seem like an impossible task. Following simple recommendations, you can easily make a greenhouse with your own hands from covering material, which will meet all your needs and is perfect for effective cultivation vegetable crops.

Ecology of consumption. Estate: With the onset of spring, every summer resident is faced with the task of planting seedlings and their further planting in open ground. The simple and cheap design of a greenhouse made of plastic pipes is suitable for all summer residents and owners of country houses without exception.

Many summer residents strive to provide themselves with self-grown vegetables for the whole year. But due to climatic conditions, it is not always possible to achieve this goal in those areas that are located in the northern regions of our country. An excellent solution to this problem is to build a greenhouse on a garden plot.

True, not all gardeners have the financial ability to purchase a ready-made factory greenhouse. For such people, a way out of the situation may be to build greenhouses from plastic pipes with their own hands.

You can design and build a greenhouse from plastic pipes yourself, without resorting to outside help. And such a greenhouse made of plastic pipes will serve throughout the year, for several seasons in a row. An obvious advantage when building greenhouses from plastic pipes is the prevalence, long term service and low cost of polypropylene products.

CHOOSE A LOCATION FOR CONSTRUCTION

When choosing a future location for building a greenhouse made of plastic pipes, you should take into account a number of factors that affect the quality and quantity of the future harvest.

There are the following options for placing a future greenhouse made of plastic pipes on a garden plot:

1. You need to place a greenhouse made of plastic pipes, created by yourself, in an open space, away from other buildings on the site and large garden trees. This placement option can be combined with a location around the greenhouse small shrubs and plants. This will add aesthetic appeal to the building.
2. If in force small area plot there is no opportunity to use an open space of sufficient area, it is possible to provide for the location of a greenhouse with one side adjoining the wall of an already erected building, house or barn. With this option an important condition the other sides of the greenhouse will be located on the south side in order to obtain maximum quantity sun rays.

SELECTION OF FORMS

The most common form when constructing a greenhouse from plastic pipes is an arched structure. This is primarily due to ease of construction and relative cheapness.

When choosing a form for the construction of a future greenhouse from plastic pipes, it is necessary to take into account the characteristics of the garden plot and the location chosen for the installation of the structure.

If the greenhouse made of plastic pipes will be located on open place, then it’s better to choose a gable model. In the case where the greenhouse will adjoin one side to the wall of an existing building, it is more advisable to choose a lean-to model.

The base of the greenhouse can be made in different geometric shapes, be it square, rectangle, circle, oval or trapezoid. IN Lately Tent-shaped greenhouses are gaining popularity.

Attention! Greenhouses of this design have greater light transmission than classic versions.

PROS AND DISADVANTAGES OF BUILDINGS FROM PLASTIC PIPES

Construction of a greenhouse from plastic pipes has a number of advantages over structures made from other materials:

The main and, apparently, only drawback when building a greenhouse from plastic pipes is its lightness. This can cause the entire structure to sway in strong winds. In the same time this problem it can be solved if we use additional metal rods driven into the ground to strengthen the structure.

MATERIALS AND TOOLS REQUIRED FOR CONSTRUCTION

Before you make a greenhouse from plastic pipes, you should calculate the necessary materials and tools. It is recommended to do this immediately after determining the location on the site for the future structure. Such measures will help to avoid additional costs already at the construction stage of the structure.

So, for work you will need:

1. Timber or boards to form the base of the greenhouse. Before starting construction, it is recommended to treat wooden elements with special protective substances that will protect the wood from rotting.

   Advice! To save money Money It is recommended to use improvised products rather than branded professional ones for wood processing. For example, soak wooden beams resin, coat with drying oil several times, and treat with a blowtorch.

2. Polypropylene pipes. It is necessary to calculate how many linear meters will be needed for the construction of a greenhouse. For a more accurate calculation when building a greenhouse from plastic pipes with your own hands, it is recommended to make a drawing of the future structure. After obtaining a certain footage of plastic, you can add 10% of the total length for reserve.
3. Polyethylene film is used to cover the polypropylene structure. It should be strong enough. High strength will protect it from tearing and allow it to be used for several seasons.
4. Several metal rods. The reinforcement must be at least 1 m long.
5. Nails and screws.
6. Handles with locks and hinges for installing doors and windows in the greenhouse.
7. Additional metal hinges for fastening individual plastic elements designs.

CONSTRUCTION OF A GREENHOUSE

If, at the stage of calculating the materials used, a detailed drawing future structure, then you can immediately proceed directly to the construction of the greenhouse. Otherwise, it is recommended to make detailed diagram structures - this will significantly simplify and speed up construction work.

INSTALLATION OF FOUNDATION

Before you make a greenhouse yourself from plastic pipes, you need to create a foundation. For the future foundation of the greenhouse, you need a flat, flat area with a small depression. Therefore, before starting work, you must level the ground and make a small depression of a few centimeters. As a material for the foundation, you can use either boards or wooden beams.

Attention! Before proceeding with the installation of the foundation, the wooden boards must be cleaned with a planer or sandpaper, and also treat with protective substances.

To strengthen the foundation of the future structure, it is recommended to use additional metal brackets or corners. A metal corner is attached to each internal joint wooden planks. If timber is used as the material for the base of the greenhouse, it is more advisable to use staples that are driven in at each external joint of the structural elements.

The finished foundation should lie tightly on the soil prepared for it. If there are gaps between the foundation and the ground, they must be covered with earth.

FRAME INSTALLATION

After building the foundation, along its outer perimeter should be driven into the ground metal fittings in increments of no more than 100 cm. Pre-prepared and cut pieces of plastic pipe of the required length are placed on these metal rods.

To secure plastic pipes, self-tapping screws are used, with the help of which the base of the pipe must be pulled to wooden foundation. As connecting elements In the horizontal plane of the structure, plastic couplings, corners and crosses are used, which must first be drilled inside. This will allow the pipes to pass through the connectors.

WE CREATE A ROOF

When choosing a material for building a greenhouse roof, you should take into account the features of some of the most common options:

1. The optimal and common material for covering a greenhouse is polyethylene film. If financial capabilities allow, you can use a special reinforced polyvinyl chloride film as a covering. This material has good thermal insulation, which will allow you to maintain the desired temperature in the greenhouse even at night. At the same time, this material is highly transparent and transmits up to 95% of sunlight during the daytime.
2. A polycarbonate roof has the longest service life, but is more expensive and can present additional difficulties during construction. In addition, such a roof cannot be quickly dismantled, unlike a polyethylene one.
3. Textile material for covering such as “agrotex” has low thermal insulation. True, the lightness and simplicity of this material allow installation and dismantling work to be carried out in the shortest possible time.

CONCLUSION

To summarize, we can say that the option self-construction in a garden plot, greenhouses made of plastic pipes seem to be the most acceptable option. Such designs have a number of undeniable advantages. These include the lightness and strength of the structure, its durability, ease of installation and dismantling. In addition, such greenhouses are ultimately the cheapest option, and from an aesthetic point of view they are in no way inferior to expensive factory-made counterparts.

We will learn how to build a greenhouse from plastic pipes with our own hands from the video

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From this article you will learn how to make a greenhouse with your own hands, but don’t be alarmed - it’s not at all difficult at home and you can choose the best one available a budget option. This is a fairly simple structure and any normal person, and not necessarily an adult, can build it - even a high school student can cope with such a task. You just need to decide on the installation location, materials for construction and the method of heating the future structure (you can watch the video below).

Video: greenhouse “for the lazy”

Greenhouse and greenhouse - what's the difference?

In the greenhouse

Greenhouses can be stationary (the frame is fixed in the ground) or portable - they can be lifted and moved to another place. As a rule, such structures do not have large sizes and they usually don’t grow adult plants there, but use them for seedlings, which are then planted in the garden. The height of such gardening devices is no more than 1.5 m, and these parameters are for a hospital and if it is possible to easily remove them, then from 0.5 m or a little more. The greenhouse can be with forced heating or without it.

The structure, called, according to the standard, has at least 2.5 m in height; in any case, a person can move there at full height. On large farms, such buildings are made so large that agricultural machinery can enter there to cultivate soil and plants, as well as collect and remove crops. Forced heating in greenhouses is installed very rarely - the heat source is mainly sunlight plus the lack of wind.

Note. It is possible to build a greenhouse on your own plot, but this is a rather labor-intensive process, which also requires serious investment. It is much easier, cheaper and faster to build a greenhouse.

What materials can you use to build a greenhouse?

Reinforced polyethylene film

Used to cover the greenhouse different materials, where the main requirements are lightness, transparency and moisture resistance. For these purposes the following are usually used:

• polyethylene - regular or reinforced film;
• lutrasil – non-woven covering material;
• spunbond - non-woven covering material;
• cast polycarbonate;
• cellular polycarbonate;
• ordinary glass.

Frame made of metal pipes for mobile greenhouse

For the frame, it is also possible to use different materials or even what can be found at home on the farm. It can be:

• metal pipes;
• polypropylene pipes;
• metal fittings;
• fiberglass reinforcement;
• wooden bars;
• window frames.

Different types of greenhouses

Such structures can take a wide variety of shapes. The frame can be made:

• arched;
• trapezoidal;
• square;
• rectangular;
• triangular.

Simple greenhouse with arched frame

Mobile greenhouse with an arched frame

It is very convenient to make such a structure from polypropylene half-inch pipes - plumbers call them twenties, since the outer diameter is 20 mm. The frame is simply welded, like a water pipe, and at the same time it can be given any size. It is quite natural that the arc will unbend, but this is not a problem - you can put ties along the edges and in several places in the middle. This is done very simply: on the lower longitudinal pipes they cut in tees and use them to make ties.

They do the same principle metal carcass: if this steel pipes, then they are bent using a pipe bender, and if the fittings are, then they can be bent around some template. The lower horizontal jumpers in such cases are welded by electric or gas welding.

If fiberglass rods are used as arcs, then there is no way to do without lumber. That is, here you will have to make a base on which the arcs will be attached and it is most convenient to build it from the lumber you have on hand. It can be anything: slats, bars, boards, chipboard, OSB, or plywood.

Another option for such a structure is when arcs (arches) are driven into the ground, but this already turns out to be a stationary model - such a greenhouse cannot be moved from place to place. Everything here is very simple: semi-ovals are bent from rods of any material and stuck into the ground. After this, the frame is covered with film, and to care for the plants, this film is simply thrown aside.

Video: Fedorov’s greenhouse - a movable arched structure

Simple block construction

Triangular structure made of bars

This is a very simple design that can be assembled by any summer resident who has ever held a hammer or screwdriver in his hands. This assembly is done according to the gable principle rafter system: a quadrangle is assembled around the perimeter (like a Mauerlat) and rafter legs are fixed to it, converging at the highest point (ridge). To give the structure rigidity, you should screw (nail) a ridge beam - this is the same block that is fixed at the convergence point. In this case, the optimal cross-section of the wooden profile is 50×50 mm.

It should be noted here that stationary structure This type of work should not be done - the wood in the ground will simply rot. If the bars are dry, the frame will be light. But if the assembly is done with self-tapping screws, then it can easily be disassembled and stored in any utility room. 5-10 pairs rafter legs They won’t take up much space, but at any time you can lay them out, secure them at the top and bottom with longitudinal and transverse bars, and then cover them with film.

Stationary greenhouse made of lumber

Stationary mini greenhouse

Now let's see how to make a stationary greenhouse with your own hands at home. You will find a video clip on a stationary greenhouse below. In fact, any owner can do this. country house or a summer resident who knows what a hammer, a hacksaw and a screwdriver are. It should be said right away that the station in this case does not imply burying lumber in the ground - the structure simply cannot be removed during operation.

Base installation

To install such a structure, you first need to assemble the frame, as shown in the photo above. Such an assembly will serve as a box for the soil and it is possible to attach a wooden frame to it, which can be made either quadrangular or triangular. The downside here is that the soil will be in a wooden box and the boards will rot over time due to moisture.

Video: stationary mini greenhouse

Metal frame for greenhouse

Today, almost all rigid transparent coatings are made from cast or. This is very convenient, since the sheets are easily bent and fixed to the frame with self-tapping screws. But to build such a structure, a number of circumstances must be taken into account, such as:

• sheets come in two sizes: 2×6 m and 2×12 m and it is better not to cut it, especially if it is a cellular PC;
• If polycarbonate has a 2R structure and a thickness of 4 mm, then it is cheaper than glass of the same thickness. Its cost can only be compared with agricultural film;
• the equipment (standard fasteners, compensators, edging profile, filters and aluminum tape) are quite expensive. But if you do not use it and simply fix it with self-tapping screws, then in the open air the polycarbonate will become unusable in 3-4 years;
• installation of the material is carried out by bending, if the structure is not made in the form of a square or quadrangle. But bending gives the building additional strength, and the frame must be reinforced and, accordingly, it will be more expensive. This method must be used for greenhouses
• all this is done from scraps that may remain from some project, for example, assembling a gazebo, but if the sheets are solid, then the frame must be strengthened. If you have never made a greenhouse with your own hands, then it is better to start with plastic film - it is not only convenient, but also cheap and practical.

Processes occurring in a greenhouse

Processes occurring day and night

The layer of soil in which plants are planted in a greenhouse at the dacha or on suburban area, very thin, so this biological system quite fragile. What is very important here is the fact that the biorhythms in it are forced, although they are closer to natural, but at the same time intensified. This section focuses specifically on greenhouses, not greenhouses - all the necessary information is here.

What's happening in the world

Life cycles of a plant day and night

The biorhythm in a greenhouse for plants largely corresponds to natural cycle, as shown in the picture on the right, although there are slight differences that speed up their development:

• leaves and green stems consume water with carbon dioxide from the soil, as well as minerals that are dissolved there;
• metabolic oxygen can be released here - much more of it is released than usual;
• Thanks to photosynthesis, dissolved plastic and organic substances are formed - they are absolutely necessary for the development and growth of plants; Some of the plastic substances enter the rhizomes, tubers and bulbs. It can also be stems without chlorophyll, flowers or ripening fruits.

What happens in the dark

Night processes:

• vegetative green parts, together with the roots, absorb oxygen and at the same time release carbon dioxide;
• green foliage also produces excess water - this is usually water vapor, although sometimes it can be water droplets that are released through hydathodes (water stomata);
• plastic substances are produced, that is, the daily supply is completely consumed;
• roots grow mainly at night due to the influx of plastic substances into them.

Recommendation. If it is warm outside (at least 10-15⁰C), the greenhouse needs to be ventilated. Ventilation provides the home with an influx of oxygen and, although plants consume very little of it, plants must be provided with this gas at night to prevent rot and various diseases. Ventilation is best done in the morning to remove CO2 and H2O that have accumulated overnight.

Greenhouse effect

Greenhouse effect process in a greenhouse

What happens during the day:

• Some of the daylight is needed for plant photosynthesis;
• carbon dioxide and water vapor are absorbed by greenhouse gas molecules, converting them to highest level energy;
• a small part of daylight is taken by the soil, converting it into infrared radiation, which warms the air;
• Some of the infrared radiation is transformed by the coating (image on the left). In addition, it warms the air and the building itself;
• heating the soil is quite enough to activate the roots, but outside it may be low.

Note. CO2 is heavier than air, and it collects at the bottom of the greenhouse, but H2O in the form of condensate droplets collects at the top.

• the air temperature inside the greenhouse at night is higher than outside and higher than the temperature of sap flow;
• through convection, the soil releases its heat to the air;
• greenhouse gas molecules are illuminated in infrared gases, warming the air and promoting sap flow in the trunk and foliage of plants;
• heat is dissipated through the coating.

Note. It turns out that for any vegetation in the greenhouse, conditions are created for “three-shift work.”

Fertile soil

Fertile soil

To make a greenhouse yourself at your dacha or suburban area, you need to assemble it from profile pipe and polycarbonate. This will be a very complex biocenosis, home to countless very small living organisms that cannot be found in another habitat. Some biologists classify such soil as microorganisms along with termite mounds, anthills and coral reefs. Such a cover can be called the largest living formation on the planet.

In greenhouses, the soil “works” around the clock, that is, in three shifts, and in spring and autumn, contrary to the natural regime of heating and cooling, so it is depleted very quickly. A greenhouse, unlike a greenhouse, cannot work on the same soil for more than a season. Greenhouses are divided into three types according to the nature of soil use:

1. Mobile - as the soil depletes, the greenhouse is moved to another place.
2. Ground - suitable for warm edges and made only of frame and film. The soil there is stationary and they are used for seedlings.<
3. Bulk - can remain in one place for a long time, but natural soils are not used.

Note. For a ground or mobile greenhouse, the soil will remain suitable for a long time if it is heated with available materials.

Legumes in a greenhouse

Mobile and ground greenhouses need to restore fertility. One of the existing methods is sowing legumes, for example, peas or beans, but restoration in this case will not be complete, but only partial. If you are looking for how to make a greenhouse for cucumbers, then this option will not work - on such soil it is better to do it yourself or make berry bushes.

To completely restore soil fertility, it should be left fallow for a year so that it can take a break from stress, and then legumes should be planted. After complete restoration, the soil can be planted under a wide variety of root crops and/or. To effectively use the soil, you will need four identical plots:

1. Where the greenhouse is located.
2. Fallow;
3. Planted with nitrogen fixers.
4. Under other crops.

Warming up the earth in a greenhouse

Video: heating the soil in a greenhouse in different ways

A very good method of heating the soil is to insulate it with horse manure, but here a problem arises: there are practically no horses now and manure can only be found at a stud farm. Other materials do not have this effect and oversaturate the soil with nitrates, which is extremely undesirable for the crop, as they are harmful to human health. Now scientific agrochemistry is being used in full swing, but horse manure is still better. The video above talks about some methods of heating the soil.

Using biofuels to heat soil

There must be no person who would not want to save money on achieving results. That is why lovers of gardening and gardening skillfully invest their resources in equipment, whether they make it themselves or buy it in a specialized store. Such equipment is often a greenhouse or greenhouse. How to build structures that will help out in unfavorable climates?

Do-it-yourself greenhouse and greenhouse, photo

The topic of this article is DIY greenhouse and hotbed. Photos and expert advice will help you build a structure for growing vegetables, herbs and berries at your summer cottage.

How to make a greenhouse with your own hands?

Unlike greenhouses, the main structure of a greenhouse is the arcs. It is because of them that the frame can have different shapes: arched, triangular and house-shaped. The material for pipes of future arcs is different types of fittings - metal and fiberglass. Polypropylene pipes are also used. If they are made from window frames, then glass is usually used as a covering.

Most likely, every summer resident will choose an arched greenhouse; it is best used. The simplest greenhouse can be imagined as bent polypropylene pipes stretched with a simple polyethylene film. You can secure the film with ordinary bricks. The optimal distance between the arcs will be half a meter. The base may be made of wood or may be absent altogether. For greater rigidity, it is necessary to fasten all the arcs with a horizontal beam.

If you need a greenhouse for growing seedlings or herbs, then you should pay attention to a wooden structure. The greenhouse itself is not tall and triangular in shape. Its advantage is excellent strength and stability.

Greenhouse - where to start?

If your greenhouse no longer has enough space to grow plants, then you should think about building a greenhouse. If the construction of a “greenhouse” structure did not pose any special problems, then to create a “greenhouse” one will need to make an effort to obtain a durable, sustainable result. What is the algorithm of actions for building a greenhouse with your own hands?

The easiest greenhouse to make is an arched one. Among its advantages:

• Penetration of sunlight, which means good plant growth and a bountiful harvest.
• Minimum manufacturing materials. The main raw materials for the construction of a greenhouse are PVC pipes, timber for the base and for the door frame, brackets for fastening, and dense polyethylene film.
• Small size. The construction of the structure does not require a large area.

Where does the construction of a greenhouse or greenhouse begin?

Stage 1. First you need to select and prepare the area where the greenhouse will stand. It is advisable to compact it.

Stage 2. Next comes the base, consisting of boards knocked down around the perimeter and disinfected with an antiseptic. In each of the corners of the knocked down structure, reinforcement must be inserted (into the ground). The same reinforcement must now be placed around the perimeter of the base at a distance of no more than 50 cm. The reinforcement must be dug into the ground by half or less. The length of the reinforcement is at least a meter.

Stage 3. Cut PVC pipes must be inserted onto the fittings at identical opposite ends of the pipe. Secure the pipes with metal loops using a screwdriver.

Stage 4. The next step is to assemble the door structure, which will also strengthen the work previously done. You will need a beam of this size: one 130 cm, two 170 cm, two 60 cm and two 140 cm. A doorway is constructed from 170 cm and 130 cm. Next, at a height of 140 cm, 60 cm beams are driven in. The remaining beams are nailed to the latter, from below.

The result should be a structure with one main frame and two on the sides. It must be said that the dimensions are taken on the basis that the parameters of the greenhouse will be 3 by 6 meters. The finished frame should be strengthened by connecting it to a wooden foundation and bars. The last step is to cover the structure with thick plastic film, which can be secured with an ordinary long block or with a staple.
So, we hope that our topic is a greenhouse and a greenhouse with your own hands, photo– will help you build a high-quality, reliable structure on your territory that will allow you to grow a rich harvest.

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