The decision was made to install a plastic window. Types of windows - what are they? The best ones are those that suit your home.
First stage
First you need to choose the shape of how the window will be located, view the types of windows, and only then make a decision. They should be chosen in proportion to the room: there should be enough light in the room, but if the opening is too large, the feeling of comfort is lost. is necessary element, which is tightly connected to a brick or other wall. The doors in a product are a movable part that, depending on what fittings are used, can tilt or open different ways. There are doors that, when opened, rotate around their axis vertically or horizontally. The double-glazed windows are secured using glazing beads in them.
Plastic window: types of windows by frames and sashes
They can be single-, double- or triple-leaf, and they also differ in the number of chambers in the double-glazed window. In terms of functionality, such models are close to ordinary wooden windows. These options are ideal for those people who prefer to install inexpensive but quite practical products in their home. A traditional window will do here. These types of windows are ordinary rectangular structures that open inward. A small minus that is inherent in standard plastic double glazed windows with rotating doors, - ventilation in winter time quite problematic, because cold air When the window is open, it comes out in a fairly strong flow.
Deaf types plastic windows good for everyone: durable, reliable, plus inexpensive. These are windows with fixed, locked sashes. In addition to these elements in the product, the frame itself can also hold the glass. The disadvantage of such window boxes is that they cannot be opened. It is recommended to install this model with decorative purpose: it will add space and light to the room. A solid design is quite acceptable in a space that is equipped with sufficient ventilation: in cafes, restaurants, gyms and other similar establishments.
And finally, tilt-and-turn windows - types of windows of this design are the most popular and in demand. In the summer heat, the sash can easily be fully opened, and in cold weather it is enough to open the upper part of the window for ventilation in a horizontal position. It is very convenient to use this function in inclement weather, especially if the layout of the apartment contributes to the formation of drafts. The folding position eliminates the possibility of their occurrence and helps to avoid the risk of damage to the structure if the window suddenly slams shut.
Pivoting plastic windows can only be opened in one direction, which is not always convenient. Tilt-up products can only be opened from the top, so they are perfect for landings, basements and other areas where casement windows can pose a hazard as well as a nuisance. They rightfully received a leading position due to the fact that they can turn and recline.
Profiles
Today manufacturers plastic products a fairly wide range is offered window profiles PVC, from which the plastic window will then be assembled. When choosing a profile that will be used in the manufacture, one should focus on their functional purpose. When producing plastic windows, different types of profiles are also used.
Three-chamber PVC profiles, belonging to the economy class, and aluminum structures Perfect for glazing balconies and loggias. Four- and are used for glazing in regions with a harsh cold climate and in houses that are located near railway or a noisy highway.
Bottom line
Double-glazed windows perform their functions perfectly, being responsible for:
- heat and sound insulation;
- illumination
They are reliable and safe. Their characteristics directly depend on quality, so the choice of plastic windows should be given Special attention, then we can hope for their long-term operation.
From the article you will learn:
Currently, the architectural style of most residential buildings being built is quite diverse. Such richness dictates compliance with its own special requirements for the design of their façade.
The window opening is rightfully considered one of the main elements of the facade. So that the building in architectural terms has beautiful view not only from the outside, but also from the inside, designers often decorate their creations light-transmitting openings of non-standard shape, in most cases, by covering them with windows, the basis of which is plastic.
The complex configuration of the windows allows you to endow the building under construction with its own style, give it some zest, which will undoubtedly distinguish it from standard urban buildings.
It is known for certain - technological progress coupled with modern technologies, allowed the industry to put on stream the production of bent profiles, which form the basis of PVC windows. Thus, it was possible to give the manufactured structures a variety of forms, ranging from the simplest to the most complex.
In this article we will consider the popular, and therefore the most popular forms. Let's list them:
- triangular;
- round;
- arched;
- trapezoidal;
- bay window.
We will also describe the possibilities of a popular window decoration - a decorative layout installed on a double-glazed window. This layout visually divides the glass into parts, thus giving the window an attractive and intricate appearance.
As a rule, they are installed in private houses as attic, separating the attic from the street. When planning the glazing of openings with this type of windows, one should take into account the possibility of bending the plastic profile - the sharpest of the corners of the light-transmitting structure must be strictly more than 30 degrees.
Read also: Micro-ventilation options for plastic windows. Comb, fittings, valve
Blitz survey: What are “fixed” windows?
Poll Options are limited because JavaScript is disabled in your browser.
Triangular plastic windows classified as complex, since to obtain a final product of proper quality it is necessary to process a larger amount of material, a significant part of which goes to waste. However, the installation of such structures differs slightly from the installation sequence of standard plastic windows. The two factors listed above directly affect the cost of final products - this fact must be taken into account when planning the amount of funds allocated for the purchase.
In triangular windows, two types of triangle are used: isosceles and acute.
It is worth noting that triangular-shaped windows look beautiful not only with front side Houses. Similar designs on the inside are ideally combined with any modern style interior, this can be judged from the following photos:
Round plastic windows
For a long time, round light-transmitting systems were the domain of only industrial and commercial buildings. However, in last years Round plastic windows can also be found in private homes.
Of course, for the most part such non-standard structures are located on the upper floors of buildings and in the attic - as dictated by the architect's idea, and only occasionally large round plastic windows can be found on the first floors of buildings.
A round window installed in the room perfectly emphasizes the interior, made in nautical style, since its shape is similar to the porthole of a cruise ship.
To produce round PVC windows, two metal-plastic profiles are used, bent with the same radius on a special machine into two semicircles. Then the bent profiles are welded together. The complex shape of such a window model, due to the insufficient bending capabilities of the profile, sets restrictions on the sashes in terms of radius and weight. Photos of round plastic windows are presented below:
Read also: How to open a plastic window from the outside
Arched plastic windows
Light-transmitting structures made in the form of an arch are very popular among owners country houses. The combination of a regular rectangular frame at the bottom of the window and a rounded profile at the top allows arched plastic windows to emphasize a certain style of the building (Gothic, Moorish, noble estate style, etc.).
On window system in the shape of an arch, certain restrictions are imposed related to the possibilities of bending the profile. True, they are not as rigid as those of round structures.
Large arched windows look great on the first floors of buildings. Small models fit perfectly into the openings of attic and attic spaces.
Trapezoidal plastic windows
Non-standard trapezoid-shaped windows are in most cases installed in the upper parts of buildings, under the roof. The choice of this location is determined by the specific geometric shapes of the windows - on the ground floor, where natural light is constantly required, trapezoidal structures cannot provide it to the maximum extent.
Plastic windows in the form of a trapezoid are not often seen in ordinary two-story houses. The destiny of such light-transmitting systems is luxurious mansions with architecture made in a certain style. Expensive trapezoidal windows, the basis of which is plastic, are usually decorated with a decorative layout, the features of which will be discussed below.
It is customary to refer to the connection into a single system of two or more light-transmitting structures using a connecting profile. The mounting angle of such structures is at least 75 degrees. Plastic windows with a bay window are widespread not only in country houses, but also in standard city panel buildings, the balcony or loggia of which can be specially designed in the form of a bay window.
IN Lately Three main types of windows are widely used. Windows are wooden, plastic and aluminum. Each type of window has both pros and cons. Next, each specific type of window will be considered in more detail.
Wooden windows. The tree is considered traditional material for the manufacture of windows. Since ancient times, almost all windows have been made of wood. However, the old traditional windows had significant drawbacks. Due to insufficient treatment, the wood dried out and became deformed over time, which in turn affected both the thermal insulation of the window and the functioning of the mobility of the window structure. Modern wooden windows are manufactured taking into account the characteristics and properties natural material. For production wooden windows use deciduous and conifers tree. In more expensive and high-quality modern wooden windows, valuable wood is used. The material for the window is carefully processed and prepared timber. The wood is dried until certain value and is covered various compositions, which allow you to withstand sudden temperature changes, precipitation and humidity. This treatment significantly increases the service life of the window and gives it additional strength. More expensive windows are not made from solid timber, but from a material that is several layers of durable wood glued together. The strength of such material increases significantly and, accordingly, the service life of the window increases. It is worth noting that modern processing wood material allows you to equip windows with more functional fittings compared to traditional windows. The main advantage of wooden windows was and remains, of course, the natural origin of the material. Moreover, modern wooden windows are equipped with high-quality double-glazed windows and have good thermal insulation. Accordingly, such windows have a fairly high cost.
Plastic windows. Plastic windows have replaced the old wooden windows. Until recently, plastic windows were installed only by people with above-average incomes. However, the situation is changing and recently plastic windows have been successfully installed in private homes, government and industrial institutions, that is, they are becoming available to almost every family. Modern plastic windows meet all the requirements for thermal insulation, strength, and appearance. A plastic window is a frame made of durable PVC profile, in which the shutters are fixed. Double-glazed windows are attached to the window sashes, which may have one or more chambers. Chambers in a double-glazed window are formed by tightly bonded glass. The unused space of the frame and sashes has air partitions, which themselves are a heat insulator. The strength of a plastic window is ensured by high-strength plastic or metallic profile in the window frame. Windows using a metal base are also called metal-plastic windows. Such windows have increased strength. Plastic windows have a beautiful appearance, suitable for any type of building. In addition, windows made in accordance with all state standard requirements also have environmental and fire safety.
Aluminum windows. Some buildings successfully use so-called aluminum windows. The main material for such windows is aluminum. The main advantage of such windows is, of course, the high strength of the window structure. Moreover, these windows are highly environmentally friendly. This material allows you to do window designs wider size. However, these windows have one significant drawback, which is the high thermal conductivity of the material. For this reason, aluminum windows are not as widespread as other types of windows. However, there is a type of combined aluminum windows. These windows have an external coating of aluminum, but are supplied with various thermal insulating materials inside. In addition, aluminum windows require careful handling. Deformation or destruction of the outer covering of the material can shorten the life of the window, since aluminum is susceptible to oxidation.
42. Windows. window classification. Window filling elements.
Windows, which are the enclosing elements of a building, must not only provide the premises with natural light and ventilation, but also have appropriate thermal and acoustic qualities.
Windows can be divided according to the materials used for the manufacture of window blocks into: wooden, aluminum, plastic, fiberglass and combined.
Based on the type of glazing, windows are divided into: on glazed single or double sheet glass and double glazed windows.
According to the shape of the window There are rectangular, arched, pointed (a tribute to the Gothic style) and round.
Windows are also divided into several types depending on the method of opening the sashes:
Casement, in which window hinges are attached to the side surface of the sashes;
For tilting windows, the sash rotates around an axis at the bottom edge of the frame. This type of window is convenient for ventilation, since the upper part of the window opens and cold air does not blow across the floor;
Pivot windows, in which the sashes rotate around their vertical axis, as well as sliding windows;
Non-opening windows, exposed and combined.
A window of any design includes:
Window block, which can be made of various materials;
Glass or double glazing that allows the required amount of light into the room;
Fittings that provide the required type of opening;
Sealing gaskets that seal the joints between the frame and the sash;
Additional elements (drains, slot-like linings, mounting systems, etc.);
Microventilation and room ventilation systems, mosquito nets, protective blinds, shutters and other accessories.
The window opening filling includes: window frame, frames inserted into it, window sill board and external drain. Window sashes, consisting of opening, fixed or combined sashes, determine the type of window: one-, two- or three-hung window or a window with a balcony door.
Binding - This is a frame with which window openings are filled and to which sheet glass and double-glazed windows are attached. Windows with opening sashes are called sash. Depending on the number of sashes, one-, two-, three- and four-leaf windows are distinguished. The sashes, transoms and blind frames consist of strapping(outer contour bars) and slabs - narrow horizontal and vertical bars. To ventilate the premises, windows and opening transoms are provided.
Bindings can be made of wood and steel (in hot shops, with high humidity), from aluminum alloys, reinforced concrete.
Reinforced concrete window frames are fire-resistant, durable, do not corrode or rot, are economical to operate, but are labor-intensive to manufacture.
Steel frames are available either individually or in large panels. Individual steel covers are made from rolled or bent stamped profiles. Bindings can be solid or opening with top and side suspension.
Window blocks of residential and public buildings are designated with a mark consisting of a letter index and two two-digit numbers separated by a dot. Letter indices indicate: a window block with paired sashes - OS and separate sashes - OR. The numbers indicate the size of the opening in height and width in decimeters. Letters are placed after the numbers:
And when window blocks with equal sashes, residential buildings do not have windows, and public buildings do not have transoms;
B - there is a window or transom; D - there are upper and lower transoms; E - there is a lower transom;
I - three-leaf window with an upper transom for public buildings.
Window openings can also be filled with profiled glass, glass profiles, which are made with a channel or box section.
In some cases, window filling is made of glass blocks that transmit light but are not visible to the eye.
Glass blocks are mounted in the opening using cement mortar without ligating the vertical seams (the seams are reinforced with steel reinforcement) . Such filling window openings used in the lobbies of public buildings, exhibition spaces, stairwells of residential buildings, windows of bathhouses and laundries, etc. Sometimes glass block panels are used to fill openings.
