Simple do-it-yourself grain crusher drawings. DIY grain crusher: brief instructions. Slicing knife

Grain is one of the main types of feed for cattle. It is equally useful for dairy animals and those that are fattened. But not all types of grain can be given in uncrushed form. It is better to crush barley, wheat and rye before feeding. For crushing, a special grain grinder is used, which you can not only buy, but also make yourself.

Grain crushers are equally used both on large farms and on private farmsteads, and differ in the size of grain grinding. For fine, medium and coarse grinding, dry crushing devices are used, and if very fine grinding is needed, then a grain grinder using a wet method is needed.

Grain crushers have a number of advantages:

Compactness allows you to move the device,
The device operates from a regular electrical network,
Large selection of models,
Easy to make at home,
The necessary spare parts for grain crushers can be found in every home.

A roller grain grinder grinds the product between two rolls that rotate in opposite directions. Rotary ones differ in that the knives are attached to the main rotary shaft. In hammer crushers, the main working unit includes a drum, a sieve and decks. Crushing occurs under the influence of impacts in a hammer-shaped drum. In jaw crushers, raw materials for processing enter from above and are crushed between two jaw plates. And in a cone device, crushing is carried out in a constantly rotating cone head.

One of the most popular models, which is used in many grain shops, as well as on farms and private farmsteads, is the Shmel grain crusher.

It is easy to use and accessible. The standard package includes such spare parts for grain crushers as lingums, devices for drawing in grain, a sieve with a mesh of four millimeters and a sieve with a mesh of six millimeters, as well as a power cable.

The bumblebee can produce up to two tons of crushed grain per hour, and the drum section is designed to produce more than 200 tons of grain between maintenance.

Homemade grain crushers

Not inferior to its store-bought counterparts and homemade grain crusher. To assemble a grain crusher at home with your own hands, you need to stock up on working tools, as well as find the necessary spare parts for grain crushers. Namely:

Cutting planes or knives: can be turned from steel, or you can use ready-made blender discs,
Engine for grain crusher. The power must be no lower than 1.4 kW and no higher than 2 kW,
Grain crusher sieve: mesh size depends on grinding needs.

Before you make a grain crusher with your own hands, you need to understand some important points:

Working knives should not be tightly attached to the device - they must be regularly removed and sharpened,
To make a knife, it is better to use very strong steel,
Provide for the possibility of removing the sieve for cleaning,
Do not use a motor for a grain crusher of higher power - the energy consumption will be higher.

The high performance of the device depends on correct assembly, as well as on correct use.

The simplest model can be assembled from an ordinary household meat grinder. Making a grain crusher with your own hands from a meat grinder is simple: first, attach an electric motor to it, and widen the neck. For convenience, you can glue a part to the neck plastic bottle. It turns out to be an analogue of an electric meat grinder. The productivity of such a grain crusher is a bucket of grain in twenty minutes.

At home you can make a grain crusher from various parts from agricultural machines: from the tractor brake drum, coulter disc and container from the seeder, as well as metal plates of the cutting device of the grain harvester. To assemble a grain crusher, you need to use a convenient diagram or drawing for attaching all the component parts. They can be found on the Internet in specialized forums.

A simple model of a crusher can also be made from a vacuum cleaner engine. To install the shaft, a hole is made in its base. The knife used should be about twenty centimeters wide and one and a half centimeters thick. The knife is attached directly to the shaft. Instead of a working chamber, you can use a regular metal sieve, under which you place a grain box or box.

Grinder grain crusher

Many households have unnecessary hand saws with rotating discs. A grain crusher made from a grinder can become good option saw attachments. In addition to the saw itself, the following spare parts for grain crushers are needed:

A piece of pipe with a diameter of at least 15 cm,
Fine-section grating or mesh,
Cutting discs (can be used from a meat grinder),
Grain box,
Sheet of plywood or laminate.

A do-it-yourself grain crusher from a grinder is made like this: the chainsaw body is mounted on a plywood sheet, in which small holes for fastening are pre-cut. An additional slot is made on the sheet and under the box or jar into which the crushed grain will be poured. Secure the chainsaw with metal brackets and bolts. A homemade crusher must be equipped with a sharp metal knife, sharpened on both sides. A mesh or sieve is attached to the bottom of the plywood sheet; you can also use homemade items from a saucepan. In this model, the engine for the grain crusher is the engine of an electric saw. DIY kruporushka is ready!

Crusher from washing machine

A do-it-yourself grain crusher made from washing machine.

The body of the washing machine is a ready-made powerful feed cutter. This type of grain crusher works on a principle similar to a coffee grinder: the grains are crushed in a drum by rotating sharp knives in different directions. This model can be manufactured with the following spare parts for grain crushers:

Cutting discs or knives,
Lattice,
Additional engine,
Metal corner or narrow plates,
Hammer,
A small piece of metal pipe.

Before making a crusher from a washing machine, you need to sharpen the knives or cutting discs used well. The knives are mounted on the shaft, and the shaft is then attached to the activator pulley with a washer.

The drain hole is increased in size using a hammer to a diameter of 12.5 cm. A piece of pipe is inserted into the resulting hole. The crushed grain will be poured along it into a box or box. A grid with small cells is installed in the tank of the machine at an angle of 13-17 degrees.

Mandatory condition: the size of the grill must completely match the dimensions of the internal tank.

Better grinding will help you get an additional engine for the grain crusher. It is installed under the cover, and a corner or metal plates are used for fastening. Another knife is placed on the motor shaft, the diameter of which is smaller than the size of the tank. It is advisable to cover the additional motor for the grain crusher with a casing. This will prevent dust and food particles from getting inside.

Residents of private houses who have their own farms are faced with the issue of obtaining feed for livestock. You can, of course, buy ready-made ones, or from someone who has a grain crusher, or you can independently grind grain into a base for livestock feed. So how to make a grain crusher with your own hands? In fact, almost any engine can be useful here, even low-power ones. In the latter case, feed production will, of course, be much lower than when using a more powerful engine.

Assembling a homemade grain crusher

To make a homemade grain crusher you will need:

Electric motor;

Trigger mechanism;

Disc with cutting edge (mill);

Sheets of metal for the manufacture of casings.

As we can see, one of the main parts will be a disk that will rotate fast enough to cope with the flow of grain coming from the bunker. For this reason, a do-it-yourself grain crusher made from a grinder can be a good help if there is no need for large amounts of work. Otherwise, it's worth doing self-production mill disk made of thicker metal.

The diameter of the disk should be about 300-350 mm, and the distance between its blades and the sieve should be no more than 5 mm. The gaps between the teeth are also made frequent, with a distance of several millimeters.
The sieve is also subject to certain conditions. Yes, it must have round holes with a diameter of just over one and a half to two millimeters. A sieve that is too large will allow not only crushed grain to pass through, but also various debris and grain that accidentally slips between the blades.

During the manufacture of the structure itself, the blades are welded to the hub so as to form an inclination of 15 degrees. Bolts are used to hold the screen and ring. They are also used to mount the motor, only supplemented with soft gaskets made of rubber or other material that will dampen vibrations, since making a grain crusher with your own hands is half the battle. It is also necessary to protect the mechanism from the high-frequency oscillations it creates.

When making the bed, we use a corner measuring 30 by 30, or a little larger. You can use a tank from an old washing machine as a grain tank, or make one yourself. The ground grain is poured into a bag, which you can also work on first, and attach an elastic band to its neck - then it will be easier to attach it to the crusher.

DIY grain crusher from a vacuum cleaner

A less powerful version of the crusher, this is from a vacuum cleaner. It is made as follows: take a motor from an old vacuum cleaner and attach it to protective casing. A disk with a hole in the center and a blade along the edges is screwed to its rotor. The motor itself is placed on a small platform-base, which in turn has a container underneath for collecting the ground product.

Below the level of the disk with blades there is a sieve (or several, placed in 2-3 layers). The grain is supplied using a homemade bunker, as shown in the figure.

A grain crusher is a universal unit for grinding large and small grain crops that are included in the diet of cattle and other domestic animals. A grain crusher significantly saves the time and effort of its owner, and the food processed in it can be mixed with various additives that improve the diet of pets.

Structure of a grain crusher - design features of the machine

Before considering the structure of the unit, you should understand why a grain crusher is needed. This machine is used to grind feed crops, making them more attractive to pets. Small foods are much better absorbed by pets, which helps speed dial them mass, and obtaining all the necessary minerals and vitamins.

The grain grinder has residual simple design. Its main elements include a durable body, which also serves as a receiving chamber, and cutting elements.

For greater convenience during transportation, the grain chopper is equipped with handles, and more modern models also equipped with removable wheels.

Types of home grain crushers - classification of units

The design of any household crusher is distinguished by its simplicity and small dimensions. However, each such model is characterized by sufficiently high productivity, allowing it to process large batches of material in a fairly short time.

Based on the operating principle, grain grinding machines are divided into several types. These include:

Hammer machine - in its design, the grinding elements are mounted on a rotor that rotates inside the receiving hopper;
Impact crusher - the working chambers of units of this type are made of durable metal, which guarantees high reliability of the machine. The grinding elements strike the walls of the hopper, thereby crushing the grain. In this case, the crushing elements will hit the walls until the grain turns into the smallest fractions;
Disc machine - in a similar design, the crushing knives are fixed on the shaft by means of special disks;
Roller crusher - it can both crush and grind grain. The main elements for this design are corrugated rollers. They effectively process only wet material. Dry grain must first be moistened in water.

Crushers used at home are also divided according to the type of drive. Based on this feature, the following machines are distinguished:

A manual crusher is the simplest device, which requires time and effort from the owner to operate. This unit grinds the material into a coarse product, which can later be used to feed adult cattle;
Pneumatic crusher - this machine is used for processing corn and other small products. Such a unit works quite quickly and grinds grain into small fractions, which can be mixed into food for small pets, as well as for quail and other types of poultry;
Electric crusher - this unit is different high performance and simple design. It is not large in size and is often purchased both for home use and for farms.

Having studied in detail the types and differences of crushers, it will be much easier for a novice farmer to decide on the choice of crusher for use in the home environment.

This question is asked by many beginning farmers. To answer this, you will need to carefully understand design differences both types of units.

The work of a rotary chopper is to move the cutting blade. It is designed to crush the mass that is fed into the receiving hopper. The hammer unit crushes raw materials using hammers that are attached to a solid base.

Products obtained using a hammer machine are considered to be of higher quality. This can be achieved due to the high amplitude of movement of the hammers, which can crush even the most distant grains of grain. At the same time, an impact crusher consumes much less electricity and has higher productivity.

To give a final answer to the question posed above, you should decide on the tasks of the crusher. If the farm has a large number of adult livestock and poultry, it is best to purchase an impact crusher. However, if a farmer raises small poultry and a large number of young livestock for trade, then the optimal choice will be in favor of a hammer chopper.

Every farmer should carefully study several factors that will help him choose a reliable and powerful enough machine. The buyer should decide on the following factors:

Area of use - for small farms, a factory-made or self-assembled hammer crusher will be optimal. A homemade design will cost much less and will have a good reserve of power for processing small batches of grain. At the same time, such a device will not be able to cope with large batches of material, so owners of large farms will have to buy factory model with grinding adjustment and a number of other functions;
Power - it should be sufficient to process the largest volumes of grain that may be required for the farm;
Productivity - when deciding this issue, the farmer must determine how much grain will need to be processed to feed poultry and livestock. Units with high productivity are best suited for large farms, and machines with average performance will become integral assistants for small farms.

By answering each of these questions, the farmer can easily decide on the machine he needs. This will help you buy a suitable unit and not overpay for it.

Rating of grain crushers by quality - what does the market offer?

On the modern market you can find a huge number of different grain grinders, each of which has certain properties and a number of pros and cons. We have compiled our rating of the highest quality units that can last long time, without requiring special maintenance and repair. There is not a single Chinese model in our review, since they do not have a high service life and are not able to withstand significant loads.

In fifth place in our rating are units of the Khryusha brand. At a low cost, these machines are in great demand due to their ease of use. The manufacturer offers a wide range of crushers with a capacity of 300 to 400 kg of finished product per hour of operation.

Among the disadvantages are the low quality of the metal from which the receiving hoppers of the units are made and the high cost of spare parts.
Fourth place was taken by Elicor brand cars. These crushers have gained popularity due to their low cost and large power reserves. At the same time, the units of this brand are quite large, which does not allow their use in different areas farms.

The third place was taken by units of the “Farmer” brand. These machines are quite reliable, have high build quality and a long service life. However, the high cost of the units often prevents beginning farmers from purchasing them.

The second place is occupied by household crushers "Kolos". These units are not highly efficient, but they are quite reliable and can withstand long-term loads even at extremely low temperatures.

Shredders confidently took first place famous brand"Bison". These high-quality units have a long working life, small dimensions, they are quite reliable and allow you to process almost any type of grain.

How to make a grain crusher with your own hands - learning the algorithm

You can make a grain crusher from an ordinary grinder. This will help save a considerable amount of money, and make reliable design, capable of processing large quantities of grain in the shortest possible time.

Before you make a grain crusher with your own hands, you will need to prepare the tools. You will need:

Pliers;
Drill with attachments for working with metal and wood;
Vise;
Spanners.

Before work, you should also study the drawings, which indicate the installation locations of the unit elements.

Having carefully studied all the diagrams, you can begin to work. The entire algorithm of actions looks like this:

First you need to take a sheet quality plywood, which will play the role of the basis of the unit;
Make several holes in the plywood. You need to insert a grinder into one of them, and the second hole will serve as a place for feeding grain;
Secure the body of the angle grinder with bolts and brackets;
Remove the grinder disc and install metal knives instead, each side of which must be sharpened with high quality;
Install and secure a special mesh underneath the plywood, which will act as a sieve;
Can act as a bunker for processed grain plastic barrel, volume 5–10 liters.

Be sure to test your homemade device. Remember that the grinder engine requires regular lubrication, otherwise it will become unusable due to abrasion of the main parts.

A self-made grain crusher is not inferior in functionality to standard purchased products. The main unit is an electric motor, which has sufficient power and rotation speed. Therefore, models made from a washing machine or from an angle grinder are very popular. Such homemade designs are indispensable at home. In this article we will tell you how to make such a unit with your own hands from scrap materials.

A hand saw with a rotating blade is an indispensable thing for the home and in general for the household. Farmers have figured out how to significantly expand the functionality of this power tool. A grinder makes an excellent homemade grain crusher. No drawings are needed to make this design. It's done like this.

Take a sheet of durable plywood. This will be the basis of the entire structure to which the remaining parts will be attached. You can use a piece of laminate. Two holes are cut in the plywood, the saw body is inserted into one, and a grain receiving hopper is inserted into the other.

The body of the angle grinder is secured with a metal bracket and bolts.
Instead of cutting disc, make a knife from metal with a double-edged sharpening. This will be a grain crusher.

Towards the bottom plywood sheet, you need to attach a mesh of the appropriate size using bolts. Such nets can be purchased at finished form or do it yourself. For example, use a saucepan with holes drilled in the bottom or an old colander.

As a grain bin, you can use a 5-liter plastic bottle.
A budget do-it-yourself grain crusher is ready for work.

Grain crusher from a washing machine

At home, a grain crusher can be made from an old washing machine. This will be a more advanced model than the previous version.

At its core, the washing machine is already a ready-made feed cutter and grass cutter; you just need to slightly modify the design.

https://youtu.be/wBZq-9tJ1lc

In order for the grain crusher to work properly, the “washer” must be equipped with an additional engine. It is installed in the upper part, directly under the top cover.

Install the motor on metal corners or plates. As in the previous case, you will need to make a metal knife with a double-edged sharpening; the cutting edge should not reach the walls a little.

The second knife is installed on the base engine, which is located below. For a homemade grain crusher to work with maximum efficiency, cutting knives, should rotate in opposite directions.

IN top cover a hole is cut to fill the grain. It is recommended to construct a small funnel so that work can be carried out with minimal losses and great convenience. As a funnel, you can use any plastic container with a wide neck or make a small box out of tin.

Considering that the upper motor will operate in an aggressive environment, it is necessary to supplement it with a dustproof casing. You can make it yourself from an empty paint can. Near the lower motor, a hole is cut in the side wall to allow the crushed grain to exit.

The operating principle of this design is simple and intuitive. By and large, the product resembles a large coffee grinder. Due to the large cutting plane and versatile rotation, the feed cutter effectively crushes any type of grain crops.

It makes no sense to provide specific drawings, because the model of the washing machine used as a basis may vary. The main thing is to understand general principle device operation. It is worth noting that this is the kind of do-it-yourself grain crusher that is most often used at home.

Grain crusher from a vacuum cleaner

At home, you can make a grain crusher from an old vacuum cleaner. Actually, the vacuum cleaner itself is not needed, you only need an electric motor. As a base, you can take a sheet of durable plywood with a hole cut in the center. The engine working shaft will come out through the hole.

To make a knife, you can use a metal plate about 200 mm wide and 1.5 millimeters thick. A vegetable cutting disc works well. The knife is secured to the motor shaft using nuts.

As a working chamber, you can use a ready-made metal sieve, but it is better to make it yourself. If you plan to grind not only grain, but also vegetables for your home, then the mesh should be removable, with different cell diameters. Such interchangeability is not provided for in purchased products.

To make a sieve with your own hands, you will need thin sheet metal, about 700 mm long. The workpiece is rolled into a ring, the edges are bolted or riveted. The lower edge is bent outward; the width of the folded part should not exceed 15 mm. The bend is necessary to secure the mesh.

A receiving hopper is installed under the sieve for finished products. Any container that has the volume you need is suitable here. This could be a basin or an ordinary tin bucket. To feed grain into the working chamber, you can construct a tin box. To control the supply of raw materials, it is recommended to add a movable damper to the box.

From the information above, we can conclude that a grain crusher, regardless of materials, works on the same principle. To make a high-performance feed cutter for your home with your own hands, you just need to show a little imagination. The required elements you will need:

Electric motor. At home, a motor with a power of 1.5 - 2 kW, with a rotation speed of about 150 rpm, will be sufficient. Even if you don't have an old one household appliances, which can be disassembled, you can purchase such an engine at any flea market. It makes no sense to use more powerful motors; electricity consumption will increase and, accordingly, it will be lost. economic benefit operation of a homemade unit.
Cutting plane. Made from any durable metal sheet in a matter of minutes. You can use ready-made discs from vegetable cutters and blenders.
Sieve. The diameter of the cells depends on the fineness of the grind. Can be purchased ready product or make a structure with interchangeable meshes with your own hands.

Even if you buy everything necessary details, the cost of a homemade feed cutter will be much lower than the price of any store model. At the same time, the performance of a homemade unit will be no worse.

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Nikolay Nabok 01/20/2014 | 36262

Turns out, homemade crusher grain can work no worse, and sometimes even better, than the factory one. Read on to learn how to make a hammer grain crusher.

This device allows you to grind a bag of grain in just 12-15 minutes. When making it, I used parts from decommissioned agricultural machines:

as grounds took the external brake drum of the rear clutch of the DT-75 tractor, which has inside clutch teeth with driven friction discs (device for transmitting rotational motion through friction - editor's note)
front flange base – seeder coulter disc assembled with hub and bearing;
hammers– shear plates of the fingers of the cutting apparatus of the combine harvester;
bunker for grain - a bunker from a beet seeder SUPN-8.

Chopper base

On lathe trimmed drum 3 (Fig. 1) height 65 mm. On the inside I made a recess d 282 mm, 3 mm high (ground off the teeth). I cut off a third of the drum - for the hole for sieves. It relies on arcs 8, welded to flange 5 and the outside of the drum.

Chopper base assembly (the unit's hopper and bedside table are not shown)

1 – flange (coulter disk), 2 – disc hub with bearing 180503, 3 – toothed drum, 4 – base flange, 5 – drum flange, 6 – electric motor (1.5 kW, 2940 rpm), 7 – side plate of the sieve, 8 – support arc (key material 6x8 mm), 9 – angle 45x45 mm, 10 – grain collecting funnel, 11 – M8 bolt with nut (2 pcs.), 12 – electric motor shaft

Disc 1 I ground the coulter down to d 285+0.5 mm, inserted it into the recess made in the drum and welded it.

Previously in hub 2 drilled four air intakes holes d 8 mm. Without them, the crusher will “suffocate”, which will lead to a decrease in productivity. On the side of the cut-off third of the drum I installed sieve 7 (Fig. 2), attaching it with two bolts 11 M8 and side plate to the coulter disc.

Shredder sieve

1 – side mounting plate, 2 – sieve

In the upper part of the drum I made a hole 55x43 mm, around which I secured a hopper with a valve designed to regulate the amount of grain supplied for grinding. It is fixed in the desired position with an M5 bolt with a handwheel.

Funnel grain collector 10 welded to the base flange support arc under the sieve. Through it, the crushed grain is poured into a bucket or bag.

By using corner 9 secured the crusher to nightstand, divided by a horizontal partition into two parts. At the top I installed electrical equipment - a safety circuit breaker, reversible magnetic switch, warning light and power button. The lower one was reserved for storing replaceable sieves and tools.

Hammer drum

On shaft 7 planted and welded plates 2 (Fig. 3). Drilled at the end of the shaft through hole and cut the M10 thread. When removing the drum from the engine shaft, I screw it into it bolt puller. On each of the four 6 axes arranged in six hammers 3. They are highly wear-resistant because their edges are hardened.

Hammer drum assembly

1 – locking bolt M10, 2 – plate (2 pcs.), 3 – hammer, 4 – washer d 10x22 mm, 5 – cotter pin 3 mm, 6 – hammer axis, 7 – drum shaft

The holes for the rivet were drilled to d10 mm. I adjust the distance between the hammers on the axes using the dial washers 4. The arrangement of the hammers in several parallel planes promotes more intensive grain crushing.

When the hammer drum rotates clockwise, the grain travels a short distance from the hole to the sieve, so it is crushed larger, and when the reverse is turned on, it is smaller. The degree of grinding can also be adjusted by changing sieves.

Unit balancing

To protect the crusher from vibration, which could cause damage, it is necessary to perform a static rotor balancing drum This allows you to make a fairly simple device (Fig. 4). I press it in process roller 1 into the hole of the drum shaft and install the rotor assembly (with axles, cotter pins, key and locking bolt) on horizontally located knives 5. By drilling out the metal in the rotor plates, I achieve uniform stopping of the rotor in different positions. Before installing it on the drum and adjusting washers, I select sets of hammers (6 pieces each) of the same weight. If the hammer drum has been balanced correctly, no vibration should be felt while the crusher is operating.

Drum balancing device

1 – technological roller, 2 – rotor assembly (without hammers and washers), 3 – axle with cotter pin, 4 – M8 locking bolt, 5 – device blade, 6 – wooden stand, 7 – base of the device