Laying out dishes in the dishwasher. Loading the dishwasher. Arrangement of cutlery

The dishwasher doesn't care what you put in it - everything will be washed before perfect cleanliness, just add suitable remedy and arrange the dishes as expected.

It’s simple when you are the owner of an experienced dishwasher and you put plates on the machine, you don’t think about what to put where. The question of how to load dishes correctly and ensure that everything is washed will most likely arise for the happy owner of his first dishwasher.

Preliminary preparation

First of all, set aside items that cannot be washed in a machine, and remove waste from the rest:

• spatula, sponge, paper towel remove pieces of food from surfaces, you can rinse, but do not wash;
• drain the used frying oil and wipe off the grease from the pans with a napkin;
• Soak heavily dried residues in hot water for 5 minutes;
• Wipe off sticky egg and cheese traces with a sponge - they are difficult to clean even with strong detergents;
• The rims from broths and soups on the walls of pans disappear only on long programs with strong water heating and with powerful tablets - to wash on short cycles, go over them with a sponge.

How to arrange dishes

Basic Rules:

• We place large items in the lower basket, mugs, small and fragile items in the upper one;
• We install the larger diameter at the edges, the smaller one closer to the center;
• Place the containers with the holes down and at an angle;
• We place it firmly so that it does not tip over;
• tall objects should not interfere with the rotation of the rocker;
• place the utensils compactly, but not tightly - water needs to get freely into all corners.

We begin the arrangement with cutlery, then fragile dishes, large objects, and in the unoccupied space we lay out what remains.

Spoons, forks, knives

In advanced models of dishwashers there is a third level for cutlery - place them in it as indicated in the instructions.

Most dishwashers are equipped only with a special basket. If it has an upper grid, then spoons and forks are placed in separate cells with their handles down, and knives with their handles up. If the basket is open, then the cutlery is mixed so that they alternate and do not stack on top of each other.

The basket is not useful if you have a small number of spoons and forks - they will fit in the upper compartment on the shelf for coffee cups.

Caution - fragile

It is more convenient to wash short, thin wine glasses and wine glasses in a special holder. This accessory holds 4 or 8 wine glasses, depending on the model, but is not cheap and must be purchased separately.

You can do without a holder: in the upper tier, place the glasses sideways, resting their stems on the shelf for cups, and without touching each other. In a machine of standard depth, 4 glasses can fit, or 5 glasses back to back, which is undesirable if a standard washing program is used.

Thin glass is fragile - wash only on delicate cycles without high temperature.

Another 2 glasses can be placed on the opposite side, fixing them on pins.

With tall wine glasses, you will need to lower the upper basket (if your dishwasher model has this) and raise the shelf for cups.

Mugs and glasses

The upper tier is intended for them. The main rule is to turn mugs and glasses upside down and place them at an angle, so the water drains better. You can place them in several rows and close together.

Baking dishes and baking trays

Large baking sheets are washed separately from other dishes, because... They won’t fit vertically, and lying down will block the splashing of water from below.

Narrow sheets are placed on the side or to back wall machine to save space on the plates. The sides of the baking dish are wide - place them in the back, standing on the edge.

If there are not enough dishes, the molds can be washed by folding special pins (these are available in the Bosch PMM).

Pans and pots

The removable handles must be detached.

Large utensils are cleaned better in the lower basket. Only low saucepans and ladles are suitable for loading the upper level, while the lower level has more space and objects are better washed on both sides.

It is convenient to place large pots by folding the pins in the lower tier or resting them sideways on a basket with cutlery. If there are not many frying pans, place them like molds - sideways.

Lay the pans while lying down in the same way, the main thing is to fold the pins, do not put them non-stick coating right on them, it will get scratched.

A full-size dishwasher can wash up to 4 pans at once by staggering them. With this arrangement, nothing else will fit in the bunker - a maximum of 1 lid and some small items in the upper compartment.

Cutting boards

Only glass and plastic boards can be washed in the dishwasher. The optimal place for them is on the sides so that they do not block other dishes.

Meat fibers are difficult to wash off plastic boards- wash them all off before putting them in the machine.

Plastic containers

The placement of containers is similar to that of mugs - at the top and at an angle. The plastic is lightweight, so the containers can tip over due to the pressure of water and will not be washed. Press them down with dishes, or secure them with special holders.

The containers fit perfectly in the space under the shelf for cups - they are fixed there, and the shelf protects them from tipping over.

Plates and bowls

We place plates in the unoccupied places of the lower section front side to the center: the edges are large, and the average diameter and saucers are closer to the middle.

Life hack - between the rows you can put a couple more small plates, boards, plastic lids.

We fill the empty areas of the upper tier with small plates, saucers, container lids, bowls and various bowls - we lay them at an angle or lean them on other objects.

Ladles, spatulas and other tools

Long kitchen utensils are placed in the upper tray between the utensils, or on the shelf for cups. It is important to place them so that during the washing process the handles do not fall through the basket bars and block the spray arm.

Check before starting

After distributing the dishes, make sure that there is enough space for the top spray arm to rotate - there should be at least 3-5 centimeters to the highest item.

Also, nothing should prevent the dispenser lid from opening and tablets or detergent powder falling out of it - do not place any high objects in the lower tier near the door.

What to do with half load

When there are few dishes, the layout follows the same rules, but more freely.

If your dishwasher has a “half cycle”, use it: reduce time, plus save on water and electricity.

• do not place very dirty items in the corners - the center cleans better;
• do not wash greasy frying pans with delicate and fragile ones - a coating will remain on the glass;
• if there are a lot of dirty large utensils (pans, pots, molds) - do not overload the machine, wash them separately.

The article describes how to load a standard depth dishwasher. But these tips also apply to desktop PMMs - you just need to adapt to the compact size of the devices.

Nowadays, more and more families are acquiring dishwashers. Some housewives do not know how to properly load dishes into it. As a result, dirty drips or traces of detergent remain on utensils and appliances.

But if you arrange all the items rationally, the washing time and energy consumption will be significantly reduced, and the quality of the procedure will improve.

Reasons for damage to dishes during automatic washing

Despite the convenience of dishwashers and the popularity of such equipment, many housewives prefer to wash dishes by hand. The reason for this is ignorance or non-compliance with the basic rules for using this device. Not all dishes are allowed to be washed in a PMM. If you do not take into account such restrictions, the dishes will be damaged.

A dishwasher creates harsh conditions that are not always good for kitchen appliances:

• significant temperature changes;
• water too hot;
• hot air flows;
• exposure to cleaning chemicals;
• steam treatment;
• prolonged interaction with moisture.

As a result, fragile glassware cracks from temperature shock. To prevent this, special heat exchangers are installed in modern units.

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Preparing for placement

Before loading dishes into the dishwasher, prepare them according to the following rules:

1. Any food particles remaining on items are removed by sweeping them away with a sponge, rubber spatula or paper towel. This is not done with spoons or knives, so as not to spoil the coating.
2. If the leftovers on the plate are dry, they still need to be removed to ensure proper rinsing in the dishwasher.
3. Dishes consisting of several parts are disassembled before loading into the dishwasher. Otherwise, the water pressure will damage the landing joints.

Important!

If simultaneously loaded into the device a large number of items, they must first be sorted by type.

Having finished pre-cleaning and sorting the dishes, begin preparing the dishwasher. In this case, the procedure will be as follows:

1. The instructions will tell you what types of dirt the dishwasher can remove. Typically, difficulties arise with washing pots, pans or baking sheets after cooking. If such stains are difficult to wash off, then you should first wash such items by hand.
2. Before loading, inspect the filters in the machine and replace them if necessary. First of all, clean the filter located on the pipe connected to the water supply. Otherwise, the water will flow poorly and the quality of washing will decrease.
3. Check the strength of the connection of the hoses and mounting holes. If the device has been idle for a long time, they start one cycle without loading. This is how water that stagnates in the pipes is removed, which after a while acquires a disgusting stench.

How to place cups, glasses and glasses

To properly arrange dishes of this kind in the dishwasher, use the top tray. Fragile containers are placed there, which need to be cleaned of deposits of coffee, tea or wine. Glasses, glasses and cups are placed upside down so that liquid can be washed from the inside and flow down the walls. Such items cannot be folded horizontally. Otherwise they won't wash off.

Glasses and glasses are placed so that they do not touch the walls. Fragile products are additionally secured with holders. Without this, even under delicate conditions they are capable of bursting. These same holders will help secure small cups if necessary.

Important!

After placing fragile items, before pushing the tray in, check the quality of fixing the dishes. If necessary, additionally use holders and other accessories.

Placement of plates

According to the dimensions of the plates, they are placed at the bottom or at the top. Based on volumes, in a Bosch or other brand dishwasher they put everything in one container, if it is large. Lay out plastic dishes from above so that it is not close to the heating element and does not melt.

Large or medium-sized plates, including soup ones, are placed below. Capacities largest diameter installed in the side part, smaller ones - placed in the center. This arrangement ensures that water flows to the very top. The products must be folded with the front part inside the box, maintaining the distance between the items. So, washing will be more efficient.

Important!

It is not allowed to load the device to its maximum capacity. Too many products will not be washed efficiently.

Correct loading of cutlery

Such products should be laid out in a small tray or basket in the inside of the hopper. It is correct to place such dishes in the dishwasher, alternating forks with spoons so that they do not mix into a common lump. Knives should be placed with the blades pointing down.

More modern PMM models are equipped with a special tray for cutlery, located in the upper part. Then spoons, knives and forks are laid horizontally. This saves space inside the unit and allows for high-quality cleaning.

Important!

Ceramic or sharp knives, as well as items with wooden inserts, are not allowed to be washed in the dishwasher. Such items should only be washed by hand.

How to properly load large dishes into the dishwasher

Large items should be stacked at the bottom. Cooking utensils should be placed at a distance from fragile items. Pots, frying pans and baking sheets require intensive washing, but porcelain and glass utensils cannot tolerate such exposure.

The baking sheet and frying pan are placed on the edge, and the pan is placed at a slight angle, turning the bottom upside down. This way, the liquid will flow easily throughout the entire inside of the machine. A frying pan with a non-stick layer is not always allowed to be washed in a PMM. More precisely, you can find out about this possibility in the recommendations for the dishes.

If the frying pan or saucepan has removable handle, it must be disconnected immediately. If this part of the cookware does not come off, install the product especially carefully so as not to touch adjacent objects or the walls of the apparatus. Large items that do not fit completely in the machine are washed in parts. It is useful to use the half load function if it is provided.

The baking sheets are placed on an edge in the side of the basket. It is better to secure them with special holders, if provided. Otherwise, use the general rules for placing objects. Small utensils can also be placed in the dishwasher if there is no wooden parts. Plastic skimmers, spatulas and boards are placed on top to prevent hot water from getting on them.

Restrictions on cookware material

Not all dishes can be washed automatically. Antique-style wood products, spoons, ladles, cutting boards and other wooden utensils in . Excessive exposure to water causes fibers to swell and products to lose their shape.

There are also restrictions on washing plastic dishes. Do not place items made of plastic, which cannot withstand high temperatures, into the dishwasher. They can become deformed from hot water. Copper, pewter or silver utensils and appliances are not loaded due to exposure to detergents. From contact with them, such dishes fade, become stained and oxidize.

Aluminum pots, pans and other utensils become coated and darkened from such washing. For such dishes it is generally contraindicated long contact with moisture. The same applies to objects made of cast iron. Prolonged washing destroys the protective layer of such utensils and they become covered with rust.

What items should not be washed in the dishwasher?

• knives and shredders become dull when exposed to hot water;
• on sauté pans and frying pans with a non-stick coating, the protective layer is destroyed by interaction with detergents;
• For items with vacuum lids, the high temperature of the water destroys the seal and breaks the tightness;
• on hand-painted items, the paint is washed off from interaction with detergents and hot water.

In addition to these standard restrictions, you need to look at specific products. Porcelain or plastic dishes are made from materials with different compositions. Therefore, the tolerance to machine washing also varies. Before loading products into the dishwasher, be sure to look at the markings on it.

Important!

You cannot load products with rust into the PMM. Such washing will provoke further destruction of the material and cause rust to appear on other metal objects.

You can understand how many dishes will fit in the dishwasher by looking at the “dish set” marking. This term refers to a standard set of items for one person. It includes all plates, spoons, forks, knives and glasses. But such a concept is too arbitrary, because variety reigns in an ordinary kitchen. The sizes of the same plates are usually very different.

For a PMM with a capacity of 17 sets, in practice it is no more than 14. If you take into account that you still need to wash the pot and pan, it will be even less.

To increase capacity and not reduce the quality of washing, follow these tips:

• gaps are left between the dishes without filling the hopper completely;
• look at the markings on the dishes that allow automatic washing;
• large objects are placed at a great distance from fragile ones;
• Dirty plates with dried particles are placed in the hopper to make it easier to wash.

Dishwashing detergents

For quality cleaning and long term Device services in the PMM are used only when permitted. More gentle washing of dishes and the machine itself is done with soft water. Therefore, to prevent scale and plaque, it is softened with salt. It is placed in a separate container. The amount of salt depends on the degree of water hardness in the area where you live.

To prevent the formation of marks from water drips, use a special rinse aid for dishes. It is loaded into a separate tray for several cycles at once. The machine itself regulates the dose of the drug in accordance with the specified settings. When the rinse aid runs out, a warning signal sounds.

It is better not to use washing powder as a dishwasher detergent. Special preparations are produced for such devices. They are sold in tablet, liquid or powder form. Such products contain a small amount of alkali and enzymes that dissolve protein food residues and starch. They may also contain oxygen-based bleaches to remove stains from tomatoes, wine and sauces.

Starting the dishwasher

After loading all the dishes into the PMM, select a washing program. Much depends on the manufacturer and specific models device. There are usually 4 types of programs:

• rinsing;
• washing lightly soiled and glassware at +45 degrees;
• washing dishes with average soiling at a temperature of +50 degrees;
• washing heavy stains, pots and pans by heating water at +70 degrees.

The first rinsing mode is used for heavily soiled items with stuck-on pieces of food. Then, under the pressure of hot water, they are washed off and the overall quality of washing improves.

After completion of work, the dishwasher is unloaded from the lower compartment. This order will prevent drops of water from falling on the utensils below, since the liquid still remains, even though modern devices are equipped with a drying program.

Finally

It is not difficult to place dishes correctly for automatic washing. Over time, experience comes and then loading takes only a few minutes. But by rationally arranging all the items in the dishwasher, you can protect kitchen utensils from damage and improve the quality of washing.

Using a dishwasher is an opportunity to free up time and save yourself from the work that equipment can do. However, illiterate operation can turn useful equipment into an endless “ headache" Moreover, most violations are associated with improper loading of dishes into the unit’s tank.

We will tell you how to properly load dishes into the dishwasher. We'll tell you in what order you should place kitchen utensils for perfect results. sanitization. This article provides advice on choosing tools for operating and maintaining equipment.

There are quite a few limitations that narrow the possibilities, and inept handling of equipment and improper loading lead to unexpected results. The conditions created in the dishwasher limit the ability to wash certain types of dishes in it.

Factors that narrow the functionality of technology:

• very hot water;
• temperature changes;
• hot air drying;
• aggressive chemicals;
• prolonged contact with water, steam.

Temperature shock can cause even glassware to crack. tempered glass, which tolerates hot temperatures well.

Some dishwasher models take this factor into account - a built-in heat exchanger eliminates sudden temperature changes.

To make the most of the equipment’s potential, purchase dishes with a manufacturer’s mark that they can be washed in a dishwasher. But even following all the rules can lead to damage to tableware.

Restrictions on the type of materials

The dishwasher should not be loaded with cutlery or items made from materials such as:

• Wood. Antique cutlery, spoons, plates, spatulas and cutting boards can become completely damaged due to contact with hot water. The wood will swell and, as it dries, begin to crack and change its shape.
• Plastic. The restriction applies to items made of plastic that cannot withstand high temperatures.
• Copper, tin, silver. From contact with chemicals they may fade, change color, or oxidize.
• Aluminum. Frying pans, pots, meat grinder parts and other aluminum products darken and a coating forms on their surface. Prolonged contact with water is also undesirable.

It is also undesirable to wash cast iron cookware in a machine, since strong detergents help remove the protective layer from them and cause rust.

In a dishwasher, operating modes can last from 30 to 150 minutes. It is clear that wooden utensils, having spent so much time in a humid environment, will absorb a large amount of water and, when dry, can behave differently - swell, crack

For a complete list of items allowed and prohibited for loading into the dishwasher, we recommend that you read this very useful information.

Dishes that are not dishwasher safe

• Knives, shredder knives. When heated, they become dull, so it is not advisable to wash them at high temperatures.
• Frying pans and saucepans with Teflon coating. The protective layer of the frying pan is washed off under the influence of detergents, and it loses its non-stick properties.
• Dishes with a vacuum lid and seal. Under the influence of hot water, the seal will be broken and the seal will deteriorate.
• Items with decorative painting. The paint used to decorate the dishes may wash off.
• Objects stained with ash, grease, paint, wax. Anything that can stain equipment and lead to clogging.

In addition to general rules, there are also restrictions for specific dishes - after all, porcelain and plastic can have different compositions and react differently to the harsh conditions of machine washing. Therefore, when purchasing and before loading them into the dishwasher, check their labeling.

Knives tend to become dull in a hot environment. Therefore, it is better to wash them by hand, preferably at a low temperature. You need to be especially careful when handling professional knives.

Likewise, rusty appliances should not be placed in the dishwasher. They will not only be subject to even greater destruction, but will also lead to the formation of rust on metal cutlery that has not yet been touched by corrosion.

Isothermal dishes after being in a dishwashing machine may no longer retain heat due to the destruction of the vacuum seal

Rules for using equipment

Broken or unwashed dishes with food residues, a clogged drain, corrosion inside the device body - all these are consequences of improper operation of the equipment. To avoid having to correct errors, it is better to study the download rules before you start using it.

General location rules

Before loading dishes into the dishwasher bin, remove any remaining food from it - just remove it with a spoon.

Pre-washing kitchen utensils is not only not necessary, but also not recommended, since in this case the sensor technology selects a weak cleaning program mode and stubborn dirt is not washed off.

If possible, cutlery is placed at some distance from each other to provide better access to water jets

There are rules that clearly dictate how dishes and cutlery should be loaded into the dishwasher hopper:

• All items must be stable. The plates are placed in special racks; for tall glasses it is also necessary to provide support (a small shelf located above the upper basket and holders are often adapted for this purpose).
• Dirtier kitchen utensils are placed in the lower rack of the dishwasher. There the water flow is stronger and the washing is more thorough. Besides, dirty water will not drain onto cleaner appliances.
• All containers are placed upside down to prevent water from accumulating in them. Concave and convex objects are placed at an angle, so the water will drain better.
• Tall and narrow containers should not be installed in corners or in an excessively inclined position.
• Nothing should block the rotation of the rocker arms that spray water.

Do not overload the dish baskets or place any items in the detergent tablet compartment.

It is incorrect to place long cutlery, such as spatulas, skimmers, scoops, vertically, especially when the machine is half loaded

The design of the dishwasher includes the following devices for stable and safe placement of dishes:

• Folding pins - designed for securely holding bowls, glasses, and pans.
• Knife rack - suitable for storing all long items (stacked horizontally).
• Holders small items- securely holds lightweight objects such as lids, plastic cups etc.
• Upper basket (box) - for loading cups, glasses, small plates. Can be placed at different heights.
• Lower basket (box) - designed for large dishes, pots, pans, as well as for heavily soiled appliances.

In addition to the basic accessories, you can additionally purchase a cassette for washing silver, a bottle holder, an attachment for washing baking sheets, a bracket for tall glasses, a box for glasses and wine glasses, etc.

Before starting the washing program, all items must be securely fastened. For this, manufacturers provide many devices - shelves, pins, clamps

Loading rules for each type of cookware

The internal structure of the machine, the location and design of the boxes and shelves in it, are thought out in such a way as to provide the user with convenience and the safety of the dishes.

It is imperative to find support for the legs of tall glasses, otherwise they may break during washing. For this purpose, recesses are most often provided on the edge of the upper folding shelf for knives

To ensure that cutlery is placed stably, washed thoroughly, and does not interfere with the effective functioning of the equipment itself, each type of utensil has its own place:

• Knives, skewers. Place on a special shelf in a horizontal position or in a basket for cutlery (spoons, forks) with the tips down.
• Spoons, spatulas. There is a special basket for them; they are placed vertically.
• Cook's spoons, skimmers. As well as other long cutlery. They are placed on folding shelves that can be installed at different heights and folded up when not needed.
• Cups, glasses. Load into the upper basket upside down, in an inclined but stable position.
• Plates, bowls. They are placed in special sections, one at a time if possible.
• Pots, pans. Place in the lower basket with the bottom up.

Small cutlery is placed on shelves or in baskets with a fine mesh. If they are so small that they fall out of the basket, it is better to wash them by hand.

If water collects in the recesses of the cutlery, it means that the dishes were not positioned correctly - they must be placed not just upside down, but at an angle

The following video will introduce you to the subtleties and specifics of proper arrangement of cutlery when loading into the PMM:

Removing dishes after finishing washing

It is necessary to remove the dishes from the machine after they have cooled down to comfortable temperature so as not to get burned. Besides hot dishes Made of glass and porcelain, it is sensitive to shock and may crack or break when unloaded. To prevent drops from dishes placed in the upper box from flowing onto the appliances located below, they must be unloaded starting from the bottom.

Dishwashing detergents and water softeners

Failure to comply with the norms for loading preparations into the dishwasher, incorrect settings of systems that dispense products, any deviations from established rules lead to disruption of the dishwashing process. As a result, at the end of the programs, you can observe residues on the dishes and poor washing quality.

For washing use: detergent, salt, rinse aid. The rules for their use are described in detail by each dishwasher manufacturer.

Water softening salt

To thoroughly clean the dishes and avoid the appearance of a layer of scale, it is necessary to soften the water. This is especially true when using water with a high degree of hardness. is loaded into the container of the water softener. The amount of loading is adjusted depending on the hardness indicators.

You can determine exactly how much softener you need to use based on hardness data tap water in a specific region. The amount of salt for different levels of hardness is indicated in the standard table.

It is better to load salt into the machine before starting the washing program and, once dissolved, it is immediately washed off. If you fill it up earlier, the solution can get on the metal and trigger the start of the corrosion process.

Rinse aid for dishes care

The product is used to prevent water droplets from leaving stains on the dishes. Loaded into container.

When the dishwasher light turns on, it indicates that there is 1-2 loads of rinse aid left. The portion size that is supplied to the system can be adjusted by setting it to a level from 1 to 4.

The required amount of rinse aid can be determined by the condition of the dishes after washing: if streaks remain, the portion can be reduced; if water stains are visible, the portion can be increased

Suitable detergents

Detergents contain slightly alkaline substances containing enzymes that dissolve proteins and break down starch. Some of them contain oxygen bleaches and work well on tea and ketchup stains.

Can be produced in the form of liquid, powder or tablets. The first two options allow automatic dispensing by the dishwasher required quantity facilities. Our recommended article will help you figure out which is better:

The tablet is used completely, but sometimes, in order to save money, it is divided in half. The rules for using products from different manufacturers may differ, so before use, study the information on the packaging.

If the dishes are not very dirty, there are no dried traces of food on them, you can use less detergent than indicated in the instructions

You can use combined products that contain detergents, softening salt, and rinse aid if the hardness of your tap water is not higher than 21° dH. When using 3 in 1 products, the rinse aid and salt absence indicators are turned off - most machines support this function.

There are also 4 in 1 and 5 in 1 products, which include additional shine components of stainless steel or to protect glass.

Rules for safe use of the device

Operating a dishwasher requires following safety precautions in the same way as any other equipment:

• Only those intended for dishwashers are used as detergent components. This is especially true for those containing chlorine.
• The door must be closed while the device is operating. It is necessary to check whether the dishes placed inside do not interfere with this. An infrared indicator signals that the door is not tightly closed.
• You must open the door carefully while the program is running to avoid being scalded by water that may splash out of the machine.
• The machine door should only be open when unloading or loading the dishwasher, otherwise you may trip over it while moving around the kitchen.
• Do not put heavy loads on the door, do not sit down or stand on it.
• When installing a dishwasher, including a built-in one, you must strictly follow the installation rules developed by the manufacturer.

You need to be especially careful when using equipment if there are children in the house, and purchase those device models that have child protection programs and lock the car doors, preventing unauthorized access.

Children should not use the dishwasher independently. Young family members should also be prevented from accessing detergents - they contain chemical components.

Equipment maintenance and cleanliness

Like any equipment, a dishwasher requires proper handling. After a certain period of operation of the device, you can observe the accumulation of fat, scale, and a humid environment leads to the appearance of fungi.

If deposits of plaque and grease have formed, it is necessary to load detergent into the appropriate chamber and run the program with the highest water heating temperature

Clean the filters from standard contaminants found in dishes and rinse them under running water after every dishwashing. Spray arms are less often cleaned of scale and dirt. Each dishwasher manufacturer provides information in its instructions on how to properly remove and clean the removable elements.

Regular implementation and compliance with operating rules will significantly extend the operational life of the equipment and eliminate the need for repairs and replacement of expensive components.

Special attention should be paid to the seal on the machine door - wipe with a damp cloth lightly moistened with detergent. Also keep the front panel with the controls clean without using a sponge with an abrasive surface.

From time to time it is necessary to carry out automatic washing of equipment using a hopper and hard-to-reach areas of the unit. When the device is not in use long time to avoid the formation of fungus and the occurrence unpleasant odor, its door is kept ajar.

All dishwasher manufacturers provide detailed instructions for their products. For the sake of normal operation of the equipment, it is necessary and imperative to adhere to the rules indicated in the manual.

Conclusions and useful video on the topic

The science behind loading your dishwasher:

Surely, you have not washed these items in the dishwasher yet and you will be interested in watching the video:

Most of the problems and malfunctions that arise during the operation of a dishwasher are a consequence of its improper use. Proper treatment and care of equipment will help not only preserve the appearance of kitchen utensils, but also extend the life of the device itself.

Few people know that before loading dishes into the dishwasher, it is necessary to pre-treat the products. Practice shows that not every owner of a functional device even knows how to correctly distribute household items into sectors and place them on stands.

The result of this attitude is poor cleaning of dishes, damage to fragile items, sharp objects become dull, transparent objects become cloudy. Instead of washing all the products by hand, you just need to learn how to load them according to all the rules. The procedure is troublesome, but not at all complicated and over time it becomes automatic.

Mandatory preliminary preparation

Despite the fact that many dishwasher manufacturers claim that dishes can be placed in their nests immediately after removing large food residues, experienced housewives and employees service departments It is recommended to adhere to the following scheme of actions:

1. We clean each piece of utensils from food waste using a silicone spatula, cloth or napkin. It is not entirely correct to use spoons, forks and knives for this purpose; the quality of the products on both sides suffers from this.
2. If there are traces of rice, peas, porridge, corn or other small ingredients on the items, then you should wet them under running water. This will prevent them from drying out and will allow you not to overuse powerful washing modes and additional rinses.
3. Rinsing dishes is also important if the machine is not loaded at once, but throughout the whole day or several hours.

It is equally important to decide in advance what detergents will be used during the processing process. Many housewives make the same mistakes - either they use everything they have at once, or they think that they can limit themselves to just one product. Ideally, the device should be loaded with the following compounds:

• Detergent. This is usually a powder, tablet or gel. Practice shows that liquids do not cope so effectively with a given purpose.

Advice: It is strictly forbidden to pour detergents into the dishwasher receptacles that are not specifically intended for this equipment. Universal dishwashing liquid can seriously damage the elements of the device and shorten its service life.

• Rinse aid. Prevents the appearance of stains and gives items a pleasant aroma. Recommended for use when fully loaded drum
• Degreaser. This is not a means for cleaning dishes from grease; detergent and hot water can handle this without any problems. This product is designed to prevent the formation of fatty deposits on machine parts.
• Regenerating salt. Softens water. It can be abandoned if the liquid is pre-filtered.
• Anti-scale composition. Prevents plaque formation. It is loaded no more than 2-3 times a year.

All of the listed products must be used strictly according to the instructions, without exceeding dosages, but also without skimping on such important components.

Rules for arranging kitchen utensils

Correctly arranging dishes in the slots of the machine is not so difficult, especially since they often differ in shape and appearance. In addition, after just a few loads, it will become clear which products are washed worse and why this happens. In principle, you can follow the following recommendations:

• Dishes. They are best placed at the bottom, facing the center, slightly tilted forward. Contact of products is unacceptable, this will block the access of water.
• Cups, bowls and glasses. All small but deep accessories should be placed in the upper section of the machine, turning them upside down or at least at a strong angle.
• Plastic. It will also be correctly displayed in the upper section, regardless of the dimensions. Considering the fact that the heating element in almost all designs is located at the bottom, the risk of deformation of temperature-sensitive products will be minimal.
• Pots, saucepans and frying pans should occupy the lower tier. The optimal position is upside down or at a strong angle.
• Cutlery should only be placed in the tray provided for this purpose. All products are placed with their handles down so as not to touch each other, otherwise they will simply stick together. Too long items (spatulas, spatulas, tongs) will have to be placed in an inclined position in large compartments, otherwise they will block the operation of the sprayers.

Items such as cutting boards are generally best washed by hand. Due to temperature exposure, their surface may change and crack.

How to wash dishes in the dishwasher

In addition to the basic rules for loading and using a dishwasher, there are several points that affect the quality of product processing:

1. If the materials allow, you should not reduce the water temperature in order to save electricity. Items do not wash well and will have to be handled manually.
2. If the model of the device does not require the presence of an upper sprayer, then things in the slots must be placed so that they do not block the flow of liquid. In this case, it is more rational to wash pots and pans by hand.
3. If there is a lot of dishes, then they need to be sorted, first loading items of the same type (for example, plates of the same type).
4. In order to save energy, you can completely dispense with the drying function; just open the device door slightly after the program ends.
5. Dishes contaminated not with grease, but with easily washed off components, are best treated with short washing cycles. This will ensure high-quality cleaning of products with minimal time and energy costs.

In general, after the first run of the machine it will become clear whether everything was done correctly. If there are any shortcomings in the result, you need to analyze the arrangement of objects and make adjustments in the next approach.

Proper loading of dirty dishes into the dishwasher is one of the main conditions quality washing. At first, loading may require at least twenty minutes of your time to carefully and thoughtfully arrange all the items. But once you get the hang of it and get used to it, you will do it much faster. In this article you will find recommendations for using such a device and learn how to properly arrange dishes in the dishwasher.

Dishwasher facts

The very first mechanized kitchen sink went on sale in 1886. In the 1950s, compact dishwashers for home use went on sale in the United States. In our country, such a device has long been considered a real luxury, but in last years More and more women are realizing their advantages: saving time, quality of washing.

Manufacturers of household appliances also take advantage of this and offer a fairly wide range of models. And consumers are increasingly asking sellers one question: how to put dishes in the dishwasher and how to use this miracle technology correctly. But it’s difficult to remember all the rules at once, so initially after purchasing it is better to keep a “cheat sheet” on hand.

Types of dishwashers

Modern dishwashers are:

• Floor-standing (free-standing or built-in).
• Tabletop (compact).

In turn, floor-standing dishwashers come in two types:

• Narrow - for about 9-13 sets (width 45 cm).
• Full-size - for approximately 7-16 sets (width 60 cm).

Important! A set means a set of dishes for one person (deep plate, flat plate, mug, saucer, cutlery).

Also, dishwashing machines differ in the following characteristics:

• Operating mode.
• Load type.
• Economical consumption of electricity and water.

Important! Regardless of the brand of dishwasher, you definitely need to know general rules of how to properly place dishes in the dishwasher, follow them all the time.

Preparing the dishes

Before you begin to place dishes in the compartments of the device, you should remove all remnants of uneaten food. And the better this is done, the better the dishes will be washed, and the risk of them getting clogged will be reduced. drainage system cars.

Important! You can clean the dishes using a napkin, rubber spatula or sponge. Be careful not to leave beans, fruit pits or corn behind.

Do I need to rinse dishes before putting them in the dishwasher? – Of course, if you rinse the plates under running water, they will wash much better.

Then a counter question arises: why do you need a dishwasher if you still have to wet your hands? – If you are used to accumulating dishes, then you cannot do without rinsing, because dried food remains are washed off quite poorly. But if you wash dishes immediately after eating, then you don’t have to bother and put them in trays without rinsing.

Placement of glasses, cups, mugs

Now I would like to deal with one by one various dishes and how to put dishes in the dishwasher. Let's start with mugs, cups and glasses.

Important! In most devices, the top tray is designed for them. Cups, mugs and glasses must be placed upside down so that water can wash the inside and then flow down. The horizontal arrangement of these items is unacceptable, because water will not be able to fully get inside.

Glasses and wine glasses are also secured with the stem up in a holder specially designed for this purpose. The glasses should not touch each other so that the fragile glass is not damaged during the washing process. Plastic holder Can also be used to place small coffee and tea cups.

Placing different plates

Depending on the purpose and shape of the plates, they can be placed either on the upper or lower tray. If the volume of the device allows, you can place on the top tray:

• Dessert plates.
• Salt shakers.
• Gravy boats.
• Bowls.
• Saucers.
• Cream bowls.
• Bowls.
• Small braids.

If necessary and provided that the water is heated to low temperatures, you can also place plastic dishes on the top shelf, but away from the heating element so that the plastic does not deform.

It is customary to place dishes in the dishwasher of medium and large diameter and soup bowls on the lower tray. In this case, it is better to place large plates on the edges, and small ones in the center. This ensures better water access to the top tray. In addition, the plates can be installed facing the center of the device so that they do not touch each other.

Important! The larger the gap between the plates, the better they are washed, so if the size of the device allows, then place the plates less frequently.

There is no point in overloading a small dishwasher, because the dishes will remain dirty and you will be disappointed with the appliance.

Placement of cutlery

For cutlery, which includes spoons, forks and serving knives, a special basket is provided in the dishwasher. It is necessary to place forks and spoons freely; it is better to alternate them with each other - this will be correct.

Important! If you stack the spoons tightly together, they will not be washed properly. Knives are placed with the blade down.

In new models of dishwashers, for example, from the Bosch brand, the topmost tray is provided for cutlery. In this tray the spoons are positioned horizontally. This ensures not only good dishwashing, but also an economical distribution of space inside the dishwasher. In addition, the horizontal arrangement of knives, forks and spoons is much safer.

Important! It is not advisable to wash ceramic and sharp knives in the dishwasher, as the blade may become dull. Also, you should not wash knives with wooden handles - the wood may swell from prolonged exposure to water.

Placing pots and pans

If everything is more or less clear with small dishes, then how to place pots in the dishwasher is not an easy question:

• Frying pans, pots, saucepans, baking sheets - all this must be placed in the lower container.
• It is best to wash these dishes separately from dishes made of crystal, porcelain, glass, choosing a more intensive mode and at a high temperature.
• Baking trays and frying pans should be placed on their sides, and pots should be placed at an angle or upside down. This is the only way to ensure maximum access of water to all the dishes placed in the dishwasher. If you place baking sheets or frying pans upside down, they will block access to the top tray, and the dishes that are there will remain dirty.
• If the handle comes off the frying pan, be sure to remove it. Place the frying pan with the handle so that it does not touch the walls of the apparatus.

Important! Teflon-coated dishes are prohibited from being washed in the dishwasher by their manufacturer, so be careful.

Can kitchen utensils be washed in the dishwasher?

Under kitchen utensils this means spatulas, skimmers, ladles, cutting boards - all of this can be washed in the dishwasher, provided that these items are not made of wood and preferably not of plastic.

Plastic spatulas can be placed on the topmost utensil tray, cutting boards in the side compartments of the upper or lower tray, depending on the size of the board. But still, it is better to wash the boards by hand.

Important! Spatulas and ladles should be positioned exclusively horizontally. Even if there is no special compartment for them, there is enough space in the upper compartment for them.

Knowing some rules on how to properly arrange dishes in the dishwasher, this is not difficult to do. But many people have a question: how many dishes can be washed in one cycle?

As a rule, the manufacturer indicates the capacity of the device in the number of sets. Small machines can hold up to 6 sets, narrow ones up to 11, and full-length ones up to 17 sets of dishes.

However, the sets may differ not in quantity, but in the size of the dishes. In addition, someone may only use salad and soup bowls and not use saucers at all.

We suggest paying attention to some more rules for placing dishes in a dishwasher:

• It is not recommended to load the dishwasher to the maximum - a large gap between items will make it possible to wash the dishes more efficiently.
• Before placing any item in the machine, you should make sure that it can be washed in it, especially with regard to plastic products, fragile goblets made of crystal and glass.
• Place dishes so that they do not touch each other.
• If possible, wash pots and pans separately from plates, glasses and mugs.
• If you prefer to collect all the dishes throughout the day, then it is better to immediately place dirty plates in the machine - they will not dry out in it, so they will be easier to wash later.

Cleaning products

Conventional hand washing products - powders or gels - are not suitable for dishwashers. This is the same as in the case of washing machines, where hand washing products are not suitable for automatic washing machines (foam will come out of all the holes).

When using soaps, powders, or other hand washing products, you will have to look for a repair shop very quickly. And even under warranty they will not restore it to you, because the instructions clearly state that you must use only special detergents (Somat, Finish, Vortex, Sodasan, Astonish).

Types of detergents

Such products are available for sale in the following classes:

• Detergents (tablets or powders).
• Salt.
• Rinse aids.

Important! Modern devices Approximately 30 g of regenerating salt and the same amount of powdered detergent are consumed per wash. The average consumption in tablets is 1 tablet for every 20 liters of water.

Tablet products are considered more practical. They are combined, single-layer and multi-layer. The first option combines detergent components, regenerating salt and rinse aid. If your car model allows for the use of tablets, then you will not need to buy 3 different substances.

Important! It is not recommended to use tablet products in gentle dishwasher programs, as the tablet does not have time to dissolve.

Efficiency of special means

Based on their properties, special detergents can be divided into:

• Slightly alkaline.
• Highly alkaline.

Important! Detergents must be used in the quantities indicated on the packaging, since in this case more does not mean better.

Additional funds

In addition to detergent, rinse aid is needed to properly wash dishes. It removes soap residue and also adds shine.

Important! Rinse aid consumption is calculated at approximately 0.5-0.7 liters for 10-12 cycles.

Special softeners

In addition to all of the above, the cleanliness of the dishes also depends on the hardness of the water. If the water is too hard, white streaks may remain on the utensils. In order for the machine to function normally, there are regenerating salts. They help soften water and have a beneficial effect on washing efficiency.

Important! The container intended for salt in the dishwasher is quite large, designed for 1-2 kg. Due to the fact that lime from the water often settles on the heating elements inside the machine, the use of salt is simply necessary to protect against scale and avoid damage.

Video material

So, putting dishes in the dishwasher correctly is not that difficult. After a few washing cycles, you will do this automatically. We hope our advice will help you, and this miracle technology will delight you for many years.