Dendrobium Nobile orchid: everything about growing and caring for it at home. Dendrobium - noble orchid

Orchids are popular indoor plants because they are distinguished by their unusual appearance and beautiful flowering. But since the orchid is a resident of the tropics, it will require special care at home.

In this article we will look at one of the popular types of this crop - the Dendrobium orchid, its main varieties and rules for caring for the flower.

The Dendrobium orchid is a representative of the genus of epiphytes. It is a plant 40-90 cm high. Its stem consists of pseudobulbs cylindrical. Leaves are arranged alternately on it, from the axils of which flower stalks grow, producing several fragrant flowers of different colors (Figure 1).

Picture 1. External features Dendrobium orchids

This culture is easy to care for, therefore it is popular among all types indoor orchids second only to phalaenopsis.

Types of Dendrobium orchids

Among the many species of Dendrobium, the most popular species are (Figure 2):

• King;
• Parisha;
• Noble dendrobium;
• Dendrobium moniliforme.

Let's take a closer look at the features of each of these types.

King

Representatives of the species have rigid cylindrical stems, reaching a length of up to 30 cm. Their surface is covered with filmy leaf bases. Small flowers, from white to bright purple, are collected in a raceme at the top of the stem.

Parisha

A distinctive feature of this species is its fleshy stems, 30 to 40 cm long, with thickenings at the nodes. Their surface is shrouded in whitish leaf bases, which have a sharp oblong shape with a notched apex.

Figure 2. Main flower varieties: 1 - Kinga, 2 - Parisha, 3 - noble, 4 - moniliforme

Leafless flower stalks bear lilac or pink flowers, up to 10 cm in diameter, slightly darkening towards the ends of the petals.

Noble

Dendrobium noble (Nobile) is the most favorite species among gardeners. It is a fairly large plant. Its straight, fleshy stems bear oblong-shaped leathery leaves.

Peduncles form on last year's leafless shoots. They bear 2-3 flowers, whitish-cream at the base and lilac (pink) at the edges. The base of the flower has a dark purple spot.

Moniliform

This species is one of the oldest in culture. It is a miniature version of a noble variety. This plant presents minimum requirements to the conditions of detention.

Note: It does not suffer from exposure to direct sunlight and does not require differences in night and day temperatures for full flowering.

Its root system does not rot if the substrate is not completely dried. This is why the moniliforme variety is so popular among indoor flower lovers. Its flowering period lasts from late winter to early autumn. Moreover, for each pseudobulb of the plant there are 1-2 inflorescences, which emit a light aroma.

Home care

Care is not particularly difficult. Its main points are sufficient daylight hours, increased humidity levels, differences in night and day temperatures environment and an obligatory dormant period lasting from early November to late December (Figure 3).

Choosing a place for a flower

The culture loves bright sun very much. Therefore, when choosing a place for this flower in a room, give preference to east, southeast and southwest windows. But windows oriented to the south should be well shaded, since temperatures above +27 degrees have a detrimental effect on the plant. Alternatively, you can keep Dendrobium on southern windows in the autumn-winter period. When kept on northern windows, you will need to organize additional lighting using special lamps in autumn and winter.

Concerning temperature regime, then the flower feels comfortable at moderate temperatures: during the day +20+26, at night - +15+20 degrees. This natural temperature difference stimulates active development, promotes the formation of flower buds and guarantees abundant flowering.

Figure 3. Main stages of plant care

In the autumn-winter period, growth stops, so the temperature drops to +12+17 degrees during the daytime and to +10+13 at night. At the same time, it is necessary to provide the plant with intense light and reduce watering to achieve full flowering.

Watering, spraying

Since the plant comes from tropical rainforests, it is necessary to create conditions close to natural ones. Therefore, in a room with dry air, it is necessary to increase the humidity by spraying the flower with soft water at intervals of one day. Heat environment and insufficient humidity lead to curvature and deformation of the leaves.

The frequency of watering depends on the time of year. So, in spring and summer, watering is carried out once every 3-4 days, in autumn - once a week, and in winter - only once a month. At the same time, you should know that before each regular watering, the roots of the plant and the substrate must be completely dry. Watering is best done by placing the pot with the plant in a larger container filled with warm water for 10-15 minutes. Try to prevent water from getting on young bulbs so as not to cause them to rot. Before placing the culture on it permanent place, excess moisture should drain through the drainage holes in the pot.

Feeding the flower

Feeding is carried out during active growth, that is, from April to September. Fertilizers are applied once every 2-4 weeks during watering using purchased complex mineral fertilizers intended for orchids.

Dendrobium orchid transplant

Like other types of orchids, Dendrobiums are replanted once every 2-3 years if necessary. This need arises when the roots of the plant grow too much and do not fit in the pot, as well as when the substrate becomes caking or oxidizes. Transplantation is carried out in the spring, when the flowering period is over and the flower itself is actively growing (Figure 4).

Figure 4. Methods for transplanting an orchid

An opaque pot is chosen as a container for planting, on the bottom of which a drainage layer of large pieces of bark is placed. The substrate is a special mixture of pine bark, foam balls and sphagnum moss. The transplanted plant can be watered after 7-10 days.

Choosing a pot

The plant can be grown either in opaque plastic pots or on a block of cork tree bark or peeled coconut. In any case, the container should be a little tight so that the plant is held securely and firmly in it.

Fertilizer

During the period of active growth, that is, from April to September, fertilization should be carried out by applying liquid complex fertilizers twice a month. You should be aware that the concentration of the irrigation agent should be two times weaker than the concentration specified in the instructions.

In addition, representatives of warm varieties should be fed monthly with phosphorus-potassium fertilizers, and orchids of cold varieties should be fed with nitrogen fertilizers (2-3 times a month).

You will find more information about caring for Dendrobium in the video.

Dendrobium orchid blooming

As a rule, flowering of this species occurs from mid-winter to mid-spring, after which a dormant period begins. This stage is very important for the plant, as it ensures future flowering. The fragrant inflorescences come in a variety of colors and bloom for 2 to 4 weeks. An insufficient rest period leads to the fact that the orchid will produce young shoots - babies - instead of flowers.

Care during flowering

To stimulate flowering that did not occur in mid-January, it is recommended to reduce watering and move the plant itself to the brightest place or use artificial supplementary lighting. You can also apply fertilizer containing phosphorus, or spray the plant several times with warm water (+30+35 degrees).

Care after flowering

After flowering ends, it is necessary to provide the orchid with a full period of rest. To do this, remove the peduncle and move the plant to a cool place, where you should gradually reduce and then stop watering. It is important to know that in winter conditions at our latitudes, Dendrobium can simply hibernate rather than remain in a period of rest.

Therefore in winter time, although the flower has already faded, do not forget to add additional light to it, because the dormant period does not mean that the plant is not developing: at this time, its roots are actively growing and preparing for the growing season.

Dendrobium can be propagated either by dividing the bush or by cuttings. At home, the second method is most often used (Figure 5).

Cuttings

This method of propagation involves separating pseudobulbs from the mother bush and cutting cuttings 10 cm long from them. planting material stored in tightly sealed plastic bags filled with sphagnum moss, in bright, diffused light and an ambient temperature of +22+25 degrees.

Figure 5. Methods of flower propagation: cuttings and dividing the bush

In this case, the bags must be ventilated every day, and the moss must be kept moist. After the cuttings take root, they are transplanted into flower pot. With this method of propagation, the orchid blooms after 2-3 years.

Dividing the bush

An adult Dendrobium bush forms baby shoots on its stem. When they reach a length of 4-5 cm, and their roots reach 3-4 cm, you can begin propagating the orchid. To do this, you need to cut off the children with a section of the mother stem and plant them in a prepared nutrient mixture, which can be purchased at flower shop, or make it yourself by finely crumbling the bark.

Since the roots of children are very delicate and can be easily injured during planting, it is recommended to first hold them for 10 minutes in warm water. For the same purpose, it is recommended to soak the nutrient substrate itself in water for a day. Children are planted several at a time in small pots.

The author of the video shows how to properly propagate an orchid.

Planting and caring for dendrobium (in brief)

• Bloom: 8-12 weeks.
• Lighting: bright diffused light without direct sunlight. Daylight hours are at least 12 hours.
• Temperature: during the growth period 20-25 ˚C during the day, at night – 16-21 ˚C, in winter during the day no higher than 20 ˚C, at night not lower than 18 ˚C. Cool species prefer day temperatures in the summer of 15-18 ˚C, night temperatures of about 12 ˚C, in winter about 12 ˚C during the day, and about 8 ˚C at night. The difference between day and night temperatures should be 5-7 degrees.
• Watering: abundant in the warm season, scanty during the dormant period.
• Air humidity: 50-80%. Frequent spraying with warm water is required. In winter, it is recommended to keep the pot with the plant on a tray with wet crushed stone.
• Feeding: during the period of active growth (from April to September) 2 times a month with a solution of complex mineral fertilizer for orchids.
• Rest period: after flowering. Each type has its own timing.
• Transfer: once every 3-4 years. Spring-flowering species - after flowering, autumn-flowering - with the beginning of the growth of young shoots.
• Reproduction: vegetatively (by dividing a bush or cuttings).
• Pests: spider mites, thrips, scale insects, mealybugs, whiteflies.
• Diseases: root rot, leaf spot, powdery mildew, brown rot.

Read more about growing dendrobium below.

Dendrobium orchid - growing features

This diversity of species and differences in their agricultural technology do not allow us to describe the rules for keeping all dendrobiums at home, because each species has its own whims, but there are some General requirements, which an amateur gardener needs to know about:

• – breeding dendrobiums is a labor-intensive process;
• – the cultivation of each species must be carried out according to the rules of agricultural technology specifically for this species, otherwise you risk destroying the flower;
• – from the general rules: dendrobiums love bright diffused light without direct sunlight;
• – dendrobium flowers, like any orchid, do not tolerate drafts;
• – Dendrobiums in nature do not require a period of rest.

Caring for dendrobium at home

Dendrobium orchid care.

Growing a dendrobium is a troublesome, albeit rewarding task, but it is important to know how to care for your particular dendrobium, because they are all so different! For example, according to the conditions optimal temperature growing dendrobiums are divided into six groups, each of which has its own temperature requirements. But on average, for heat-loving dendrobium species during the growth period, the most comfortable temperature in summer during the daytime 20-25 ºC, and at night 16-21 ºC. In winter, during the day no higher than 20 ºC, at night no lower than 18 ºC. Types of cool dendrobiums prefer temperatures of 15-18 ºC during the daytime in summer, about 12 ºC at night, about 12 ºC during the day in winter, and about 8 ºC at night.

Most species and varieties of dendrobium prefer good lighting, but without direct sunlight in the afternoon. In general, for normal growth and development, orchids need twelve hours of daylight. Watering dendrobium is not much different from watering other orchids: in warm weather, the substrate is moistened abundantly, but without the risk of rotting the orchid's roots. During the rest period, hydration is symbolic. Water for irrigation should be room temperature, purified or at least settled. As for air humidity, the optimal humidity for dendrobium is 50-80%. To achieve such indicators, in the summer it is best to take the dendrobium out into the open air and spray it as often as possible, and in the winter keep the orchid pot on a tray with wet gravel.

Dendrobium transplant

Orchids do not like replanting, but since this has to be done once every three to four years, it is better to still have an idea of ​​how to replant a dendrobium. Species that bloom in autumn are replanted when young shoots begin to grow, and those that bloom in spring are replanted at the end of flowering. The container should not be large, and what material it will be made of is a matter of your taste. Experienced gardeners prefer unglazed clay flowerpots, while amateurs most often choose translucent plastic ones. Several heavy pebbles are placed at the bottom of the pot to stabilize the small pot, then a drainage layer of expanded clay or polystyrene is poured, coarse bark is placed on top, then transferred from the old pot to a new dendrobium and a fresh substrate is added, which is best purchased at a specialty store. Typically, the substrate for dendrobium includes pine bark, charcoal, coconut chips, sphagnum moss, but you can limit yourself to just bark.

Dendrobium fertilizer

Feeding of dendrobium is carried out during the period of active growth, twice a month from April to September with liquid complex fertilizers for orchids. The concentration of fertilizing should be twice as weak as indicated in the instructions, since a stronger concentration can destroy the roots of the plant. Besides general rule for all dendrobiums, warm-kept species and varieties need to be fed monthly with phosphorus-potassium fertilizer, even in winter, and cold-kept dendrobiums - 2-3 times a month with nitrogen fertilizers.

Dendrobium bloom

Caring for dendrobium during flowering.

Each type of dendrobium has its own flowering time, and the duration is approximately 8-12 weeks. A difference in day and night temperatures of 5-7 degrees has a good effect on preparing the plant for flowering. In summer, this is a completely natural course of things in nature, but in winter, in a room heated around the clock... To achieve flowering, gardeners have this trick: do not water the orchid until new growth appears, but as soon as this growth extends to 2-3 cm and will take root, start watering the plant again; when growth catches up with the old bulbs, reduce watering until it stops completely, lower the temperature to 12 ºC (note that we are talking about a species like dendrobium nobile, and this happens in winter) and do not water until the buds that appear begin to open, otherwise instead of buds you will get babies.

Dendrobium after flowering.

When the dendrobium has bloomed, watering is gradually stopped, the peduncle is removed, and the flower is transferred to a cool place so that it can rest a little and prepare for a new flowering. The difference between winters in our latitudes and tropical winters can lead to the fact that in our dark winter window sills the dendrobium will simply go into hibernation: it will stop growing and die. This, of course, is not fatal for him, but it is better not to allow this to happen. In winter, when it dawns late and gets dark early, which is unnatural for dendrobiums, use a phytolamp to artificially illuminate your orchid. After all, in nature there is no dormant period for the dendrobium; it is always doing something: it is growing roots, then leaves, then peduncles. If your orchid does fall asleep in the fall, let it sleep: stop watering it and move it away from the heat source.

Dendrobium propagation

Propagation of dendrobium by dividing the bush.

Propagation of dendrobium at home is carried out only vegetatively - for example, by dividing a bush. This is done after the dendrobium has flowered, simultaneously with replanting: a large adult bush is removed from the pot, cleared of the substrate, divided into parts, and the roots of the plant are first carefully unraveled, and then what does not unravel is cut with a sharp sterile knife. Each division should have 2-3 mature bulbs and the same number of young growths. The sections are powdered with crushed coal or treated with garden pitch.

Propagation of dendrobium by cuttings.

The pseudobulb is separated from the mother bush, cut into cuttings 10 cm long, and the sections are treated with garden varnish. Then in plastic bags moist sphagnum moss is poured onto a zipper, 1-2 cuttings are placed in each bag, the bag is zipped and stored in bright, diffused light and a temperature of 22-25 ºC, ventilating daily and keeping the moss moist but not wet. After 2-3 weeks, the cuttings will take root and can be transplanted into a pot. Flowering of plants will occur in 2-3 years.

Dendrobium species

There are a great many species and varieties of dendrobium, and determining which ones are more beautiful is too responsible. We offer you a choice of several species that seem to gardeners the most attractive for home growing:

Dendrobium nobile

- one of the most beautiful views, originating from the Himalayas and Vietnam. Thick glossy pseudobulbs up to 50 cm in length produce peduncles with one to three large (up to 10 cm), bright, fragrant flowers in the second year. The petals of the natural species are white with lilac tips, the lip is cream-colored with pink edging and the throat is dark purple. Hybrid varieties can bloom several times a year.

– Japanese endemic, miniature copy dendrobium nobilis - reaches only 15 cm in height. Not as demanding of care as other orchids, it can be a successful experiment for a novice gardener.

- an epiphyte from the Eastern Himalayas. Its dense drooping inflorescences, up to 30 cm long, sometimes bear 50 fragrant flowers with bright yellow petals and sepals and a yellow-orange, shaggy fringed lip. A variety of this species, Dendrobium thyrsiflorum, has white or cream-colored petals.

- an orchid from Australia. The stems are almost cylindrical, thickened at the bottom, and bear wide leaves at the top. Peduncle with five or more fragrant flowers of white and pink shades with a spotted lip. Vegetates all year round without rest, blooms in February-March.

- epiphyte with thick hanging stems up to 30 cm long, sometimes more. Acute oblong-lanceolate leaves 7-12 cm long, single flowers amethyst-purple, rounded lip with violet-brown spots, densely pubescent. The anther is purple, the column is white, blooms in June-July.

is an Australian orchid, named for its resemblance to the flowers of the phalaenopsis orchid. Pseudobulbs with strong leathery leaves grow up to 70 cm, a long peduncle bears up to 10 or more large (up to 8 cm in diameter) burgundy flowers, each blooming for up to two months, and old pseudobulbs bloom several times. Flowering in November-December.

If you decide to grow dendrobium, then experienced flower growers It is recommended to start with Dendrobium nobilis or Dendrobium phalaenopsis.

One of the most beautiful types of Dendrobium orchids and, moreover, the most common in indoor floriculture is Dendrobium Nobile. The advantages of this orchid are its spectacular appearance, luxurious blooms, amazing aroma, so pleasant, slightly sweet and not at all cloying! Even novice gardeners can grow Dendrobium Nobile, because due to its unpretentiousness knowledgeable people This flower is compared to geranium. In this article we will introduce you to this epiphytic beauty and tell you about proper care for Dendrobium Nobile at home.

A peculiarity of Dendrobium Nobile is the location of its peduncles - along the entire length of the pseudobulb

This type of orchid is most often found high in the mountains of India, Thailand, Nepal, Vietnam, and the Himalayas. Back in 1836, it was brought from India to Europe, where it amazed everyone unusual beauty. Translated from Greek language The name of the orchid "Dendrobium" sounds like "living on a tree", and the prefix "Nobile" means "noble, excellent, noticeable or famous." The second name of this orchid, Dendrobium Noble, very accurately characterizes this plant. A tall bush, about 60 cm, has an original, very impressive appearance. Purple with a yellow spot, pink, white or red flowers cover the trunk so thickly that the bush looks like a living bouquet. Its fleshy, straight stems (pseudobulbs) with a characteristic glossy tint are usually cylindrical, thickened in the lower part, and decorated with wide leaves in the upper part. Peduncles with large bright fragrant flowers appear on them in the second year of life.

The flowers of Dendrobium Nobile are united in inflorescences, which, depending on the age of the orchid and the variety of the hybrid, can have from 1 to 3 flowers. And the entire pseudobulb, if counted, can be decorated with from 50 to 70 flowers. The diameter of one flower can reach 10 cm, but on average it is from 5 to 8 cm. Natural views Dendrobium nobilis have petals white with purple tips and a cream-colored lip with a pinkish edging and a dark purple throat. And hybrid varieties come with white, orange, purple, lilac, dark purple flowers, even variegated ones. The shape of the petals is ovoid with elongated sepals. Flowering occurs in February - March. The shoots of an adult flowering Dendrobium are literally strewn from base to top with large, unusually beautiful flowers. Each flower stays on the peduncle for up to two months.

Scale insects on orchid leaves

Spider mite. You can recognize the appearance of the pest by the thin cobwebs that cover the leaves and shoots of the orchid. Most likely, the air in your room is too dry. These insects also feed on plant sap. Small spots from tick injections on the surface of the leaf turn into large spots. Affected leaves and flower stalks die.

You are unlikely to be able to cope with the entire colony - insect pests indoor plants very prolific. In addition to adult flying and crawling individuals, the colony contains their larvae and eggs, which are firmly attached in the sinuses, folds, and roots. Therefore, we recommend that in case of severe lesions you use chemicals control - insecticides. Such drugs are on sale a large number of. You can spray with one of the drugs: Aktara, Actellik, Fitoverm. Usually, re-treatment is necessary after 10 - 15 days, read the instructions.

A little about signs

According to Eastern philosophers, there are many signs associated with the presence of this mysterious flower in an apartment.

• It is believed that Dendrobium Nobile will bring peace and prosperity to married couples. If a couple is in a civil marriage, then the appearance of this flower can lead to discord and even a break in the relationship.
• It is not advisable to place an orchid in the bedroom. It is believed that the flower will take away the owner’s strength and he may become depressed.
• The plant has a negative effect on people with unstable psyches.
• For creative people, it helps awaken inspiration and new strength.
• It gives women cheerfulness and prolongs youth.
• The presence of a blooming Dendrobium Nobile orchid in the house is a talisman against guests with bad intentions and all sorts of ill-wishers. If such a person appears as a guest, the orchid will worsen his health and force him to leave your home.

The color of orchid petals also has its effect.

• Orchid species with red and purple flowers are believed to help break bad habits.
• Yellow and orange orchids promote an active lifestyle and bring success in financial matters.
• White and pink flowers relieve depression and bring harmony to the state of mind.

Conclusion

The orchid variety Dendrobium Nobile is slightly inferior in popularity to Phalaenopsis. Although, it is no less beautiful, capable of blooming long time, exudes a pleasant aroma. This orchid is unpretentious in care and maintenance and reproduces easily. If you do not yet have a collection of indoor orchids, we recommend starting with Dendrobium Nobile. We are confident that you will be able to choose the most suitable one for your soul and your home. best hybrid this orchid, and it will decorate your home for many years.

The dendrobium orchid is a very beautiful, exotic flower, which is a herbaceous perennial belonging to the orchid family. If we interpret the name of the culture from Greek, then dendrobium is translated as “living on trees.” But among these orchids there are also varieties that grow on stones.

General information

In the wild, the orchid grows in the Philippines, Japan, New Zealand, China and Oceania. The culture has over 1,200 varieties, differing from each other in the variety of colors, shape of inflorescences, leaf blades and flowering time.

Dendrobium, in comparison with other orchids, reaches a length of only 70 centimeters, and its stem consists of cylindrical pseudobulbs. The leaf blades are lanceolate in shape. They are placed alternately on the stem. Peduncles grow from their axils and contain from one to four variegated inflorescences that have a pleasant aroma.

Growing this unusual orchid is quite simple, the main thing is to create a suitable microclimate for it and properly care for it, then it will delight the gardener with its decorative effect and bright, unusual inflorescences.

Dendrobium orchid types and varieties photos and names

(noble ) - grows naturally in Vietnam or the Himalayas. The plant may have several peduncles, on which from one to three large inflorescences appear, white shade with purple markings at the ends of the petals. The flowers have a pleasant aroma. The leaf blades are long, medium, lanceolate, dark green. The orchid blooms twice a year.

– the crop grows in the wild in Australia. It has cylindrical stems with thickening at the bottom. The leaves are green, long, leathery, wide. On a peduncle grows 5 inflorescences of a white-pink hue with a spotted center. Flowering time lasts from February to March.

– is a compact hybrid variety, reaching a height of up to 20 centimeters. The leaf blades are light green, lanceolate, leathery. On one low peduncle grows from 7 to 15 small purple inflorescences with an orange center and a pleasant aroma. It blooms once a year for 4-5 months.

– the height of the orchid reaches up to 40 centimeters. The leaf blades are long, glossy, with a pointed end of dark green color. The short peduncle grows from leaf rosettes. 4-6 medium inflorescences appear on it purple. Blooms twice a season. Summer and autumn.

The plant has a thick trunk reaching a height of up to 70 centimeters. The peduncles are short, each producing 1-2 openwork, snow-white inflorescences with a yellow center and a pleasant aroma. The leaf blades are green, glossy, large with a pointed end. The crop blooms once to twice a year.

– the inflorescences of this type of orchid initially have a white tint. Blue color They are given their appearance by a special colored liquid used for watering. Therefore, as soon as the purchased plant fades, the next inflorescences will already be milky white. The blue dendrobium reaches a height of 50 centimeters and has green, lanceolate-shaped medium leaves. The crop blooms twice a year.

- this hybrid was bred by Thai breeders. The plant has a thin, long trunk and long green, leathery leaves. Peduncles of medium length, from 5 to 10 olive or light-colored inflorescences appear on them. yellow tint with a purple center. The orchid blooms twice a year.

– the culture has thin, tall pseudobulbs, which are divided into segments. They grow close to each other, hanging slightly to the sides. Their length will depend on the lighting. The leaf blades are lanceolate, dark green. Peduncles grow from internodes; up to five large inflorescences are formed on them. The color of the flowers is orange or light yellow with a slight reddish tint. The middle is covered with dark stripes.

– The plant’s homeland is Thailand, Laos and Nepal. The trunk of the epiphyte grows up to 45 centimeters in height. The leaf blades are lanceolate, dark green, pointed. The drooping peduncle reaches a height of up to 30 centimeters and has from 14 to 35 inflorescences of pinkish, lilac, white or yellow with an orange center. Flowering time lasts from January to July.

The natural habitat of the plant is Australia. The culture has a cylindrical stem, which is thickened at the bottom. The leaf blades are dark green, wide, lanceolate. Peduncle of medium length. It grows 4-5 white-pink inflorescences with a spotted center. The plant blooms from February to March.

– The natural habitat of the plant is Japan. This variety of orchid is characterized by short stature, a thin and long trunk, narrow, leathery, long leaf plates of a dark green hue. On a peduncle grows 4-5 medium inflorescences of a white color with a pleasant aroma. The orchid blooms twice a year.

– the stem of the crop is a low pseudobulb with a rounded-oblong shape. On each of them one green, medium, leathery, lanceolate leaf plate is formed. The orchid's peduncles are long and drooping. The inflorescences have a golden hue and a pleasant aroma. An orchid can bloom once or twice a year.

- The plant is common in the southern part of Asia. It reaches a height of up to 30 centimeters and has hanging shoots. The culture is the smallest of its kind. The leaf blades are lanceolate, pointed, glossy, dark green. Peduncle straight, thread-like. From 1 to 4 small yellow inflorescences with a dark center appear on it. The plant blooms from February to June.

This hybrid variety of orchid was bred in Thailand. It has a thin trunk reaching up to 60 centimeters in length. The leaf blades are green, long, pointed, glossy. The peduncles are medium, they form 5-10 inflorescences of a yellow hue with a purple center. The crop blooms twice a year.

– The birthplace of the orchid is Vietnam and Thailand. The height of the crop reaches from 15 to 23 centimeters. The leaves are green, leathery, oval. The peduncle grows up to 15 centimeters. It produces from 3 to 5 inflorescences of a bright yellow or orange-red hue. The center and petals of the inflorescence have fringed edges.

- is a miniature plant native to Southeast Asia. The orchid grows mainly on coniferous trees. The leaf blades are medium-sized, dark green, leathery, lanceolate. The inflorescences are small, white or yellow in color with a pleasant aroma.

– the plant has a trunk of medium thickness, reaching a height of up to 60 centimeters. The leaves are dark green, glossy, with a sharp tip. The inflorescences are medium-sized with wavy pink petals and a yellow center. The flowers have a pleasant aroma. The orchid blooms in winter and summer.

It grows wild in India, Laos and Thailand. The plant reaches a height of up to 10 centimeters and has green, leathery, lanceolate leaves. Peduncles drooping, short with two golden inflorescences with wavy petals.

– the orchid has tall, woody trunks with dark green, lance-shaped foliage with sharp edges. Peduncles grow from the internodes and produce 1 large inflorescence of a light yellow hue with a yellow center, decorated with orange veins. The crop blooms twice a year. The peak flowering of the plant occurs in spring.

– the plant reaches a height of up to 50 centimeters and has thick green stems. The leaf blades are leathery, glossy, lanceolate. The peduncles are short with 1-2 large orange inflorescences with a pleasant aroma. The orchid blooms from January to May.

– the plant reaches a height of 3 to 10 centimeters. It has dark green, glossy leaves with a pointed tip. Peduncles are short. One inflorescence with a pleasant aroma grows on them. They can have white, yellow, purple, pink shades, and can also be two-tone. The crop blooms twice a year.

Dendrobium orchid home care

In order for the dendrobium orchid to develop normally and delight the gardener with its decorative properties, it should be provided with a microclimate similar to the one in which it grows in the wild.

The location the grower chooses for the orchid will determine its growth and flowering. It is best to prefer a north-eastern or northern window sill. If the orchid grows on a north window, in winter it will need to be illuminated with a phytolamp, thus extending the daylight hours.

In summer, you should not place the flower on a southern windowsill, since it will not only receive direct sunlight, but also the temperature regime will be many times higher than that required by the plant. This variety of orchids, unlike others, cannot be rotated around its axis, as this will have a bad effect on flowering.

The dendrobium orchid is a light-loving plant. Therefore, the place chosen for it should be well lit, but care should be taken to ensure that the light is diffused. If the leaves are exposed to direct sunlight, they will become burned. In winter and autumn, you can extend daylight hours to 12 hours using a phytolamp. If the plant does not have enough light, it will stop developing.

During the growing season with the onset of spring, the orchid begins to form young shoots, as well as accumulate moisture and substances necessary for growth and development. In order for a culture to develop well, appropriate temperature conditions must be created for it.

In spring they should be from +20 to +24, and in summer from +24 to +27. If the temperature increases or decreases, the plant will begin to hurt, and if the temperature rises to + 30, then children will begin to form instead of buds. To stimulate flowering, it is necessary to create temperature differences of 5 degrees between day and night.

Since the orchid’s homeland is tropical rainforests, the air humidity in the room should not be lower than 60%. If the humidity is low, the crop should be sprayed daily or an air humidifier should be used.

Watering dendrobium orchids

During the growing season, watering the plant should be plentiful. However, care must be taken not to over-moisten the root system and cause it to rot. The soil must dry out between waterings. It is better to use rainwater or distilled water, but experienced gardeners also use settled tap water.

The correct watering regime has a positive effect on plant growth. During the growing season, the crop should be watered twice a week. In autumn, watering is carried out once a week, and in winter once a month.

For watering, it is best to use the submersible method. For this purpose, the pot with the culture is lowered into a container of water and the orchid is left in it for 15 minutes, then wait until the water drains and return the pot to its place.

When watering, you need to make sure that the liquid does not get into the leaf axils and on the young bulbs, otherwise they may rot. If moisture does get on them, it should be blotted with a napkin.

The Phalaenopsis orchid is also a member of the Orchidaceae family. It can be grown with care at home without much hassle if you follow the rules of agricultural technology. All necessary recommendations, as well as watering methods, you can find in this article.

Soil for dendrobium orchids

The main ingredient of the plant substrate is pine bark. Its pieces should be small so that they can dry out faster after watering. It is better not to add sphagnum and peat, as these ingredients retain moisture, which leads to rotting of the root system. Instead, it is better to add a handful of charcoal.

You can use foam or pebbles for drainage. Expanded clay is not suitable, as it accumulates salts from the water, which negatively affect the health of the plant.

Before planting an orchid in a substrate, it should be disinfected by pouring boiling water over it and allowing it to stand until it dries, after which the soil can be used for its intended purpose.

Dendrobium orchid pot

The root system in the pot should be a little cramped. If it is too spacious, the bark will absorb more moisture, which means that the root system will soon begin to rot.

The pot should be high so that it is enough for both drainage and counterweight. Since dendrobium is a large and tall plant, a counterweight must be placed at the bottom of the container to avoid the pot falling on its side.

There should be drainage holes at the bottom and in the side walls to facilitate the outflow of moisture and ventilation. Since the orchid root system prefers constant temperature conditions, it is best to choose a clay pot that will help maintain the optimal temperature.

Transplanting a dendrobium orchid

Since dendrobium does not tolerate transplantation very well, this procedure must be carried out every three years if:

• The substrate has begun to decompose or becomes dense;
• The soil has become acidic;
• The root system was damaged as a result of waterlogging;
• It's time for a transplant.

The pot for replanting the plant should be made of clay, 4 centimeters larger than the previous one. When the plant is removed from the pot, it should be placed in the solution succinic acid, prepared in the proportion of 1 tablet per 1 liter of water.

After the culture has been in the solution for 20 minutes, its roots will turn milky green. Then the plant must be removed and placed on paper towel to dry for 30 minutes.

Next, you should take a pot, place drainage on the bottom and carefully place the orchid in it so that the old pseudobulbs are closer to the walls of the pot. The root collar of the plant must be left on the surface, the roots should be straightened, and the gaps between them should be filled with substrate, lightly pressing it with the palm of your hand on top.

Watering is carried out a week after transplantation, after the wounds received during the procedure have healed on the root system.

Fertilizer for dendrobium orchids

It is necessary to fertilize the dendrobium twice a month from April to September. Fertilizer can be diluted in water for irrigation or dissolved in liquid for spraying. The solution should be diluted in a concentration two times less than that indicated on the package.

During flowering, the plant is not fertilized. Nutrients should be added only if new pseudobulbs grow or old pseudobulbs thicken during flowering. If the orchid is sick or has been attacked by pests, fertilizing should be stopped until complete recovery.

Dendrobium orchid blooming

Each variety of orchid has its own flowering season, but usually it occurs in winter and spring. Dendrobiums bloom for eight to twelve weeks.

The size and color of orchid inflorescences will also depend on the type of crop. Most often, flowers have pink, yellow, purple, orange, red and bi-color shades.

Almost all varieties of dendrobiums emit a subtle, pleasant aroma during flowering.

Pruning dendrobium orchid

You need to cut the pseudobulb only when it is completely dry, giving the orchid all the necessary substances and liquid. If there are still buds on the peduncle, then it will definitely bloom, but this will take time.

You can remove dried or yellowed leaves, as well as faded buds. This is necessary to maintain decorative look culture.

The dormant period of the dendrobium orchid

After flowering, the orchid begins a period of rest, so the plant should be moved to a cool room so that it can rest until the next growing season. During the day, the temperature should be within 16-20 degrees, and at night within 10-12.

Watering the crop should be reduced to a minimum, and after a while, stopped altogether. You also need to stop feeding. If the pseudobulbs begin to wrinkle, you can lightly spray the substrate in the pot.

During the hibernation period, you should carefully monitor the plant, and as soon as it begins to emerge from it, it should be moved to its usual environment and continue caring for the orchid as usual. The time of hibernation and emergence from it will depend on the variety of dendrobium.

Dendrobium propagation by cuttings

Dendrobium is propagated only vegetatively. The seed method is not used due to its complexity and the very slow growth of seedlings. Therefore, gardeners prefer to propagate the dendrobium orchid by cuttings.

In order to propagate the plant, you should separate the whole pseudobulb and cut it into pieces of 10 centimeters, sprinkling the sections with crushed coal and drying them in air. It is best to root the cuttings in damp moss, inserting them into a container with sphagnum moss and covering with film.

The container with cuttings should be kept in a warm and bright place, ventilating it daily and moistening the moss with a spray bottle. After two months, when the planting material has taken root, the plants can be transplanted to a permanent place of growth. Young orchids will bloom in three years.

Dendrobium orchid propagation by children

The formation of babies occurs in the upper part of the pseudobulb. After some time, they begin to form their own root system. When the roots reach a length of 5 centimeters, the children are carefully cut off with a sharp knife along with the roots, dried and rooted in pine bark at a temperature of +25 degrees and air humidity of at least 60%.

You should also place the pot with the babies in a sunny and warm place so that they grow better. Young orchids begin to bloom after two years.

Dendrobium propagation by bush division

You can propagate an orchid using bush division. However, for this method it is necessary to take mother plant, which has already reached the age of four years and has from four to six pseudobulbs. Division is always combined with transplantation.

Before dividing the plant, the root system must be removed from the pot, freed from soil and cut into several sections, on which a pair of pseudobulbs with a root system should remain. After dividing the bush, the sections need to be treated with charcoal and the plants should be planted in pots.

The orchid does not tolerate division well. Therefore, for reproduction, it is best to use the separation of children. Thus, the plant will receive a minimum of injuries, and the children will quickly take root and begin to grow.

Diseases and pests

With proper care of the dendrobium, the gardener may not be afraid of diseases and pests, but if the rules are broken, the plant may be subject to various problems that will affect its health.

Most often the orchid is attacked aphids, spider mites, scale insects and mealybug , which feed on the sap of leaf blades, trunks and peduncles. Eliminate these dangerous pests can be done by spraying the crop with Actellik.

If watered incorrectly, the orchid may be susceptible to ailments of fungal etiology. Excessive moisture of the substrate leads to the appearance of such a serious illness as root rot . It will be difficult to save the plant in this case, but you still need to try.

For this purpose, you should transplant it into a new pot with fresh substrate, after first removing the damaged roots, drying them and treating them with charcoal. Watering the reanimated orchid should be done on the tenth day after the procedure.

Problems when growing dendrobium orchids

Various problems that gardeners who grow orchids have to face most often arise due to improper care of the crop.

The most common ones are:

• Lack of flowering - dendrobium does not bloom due to lack of sun, lack of a dormant period or overfeeding with nitrogen fertilizers. By eliminating the above reasons, you can achieve the appearance of buds and luxurious flowering in the future.
• Curling leaves — curling of sheet plates is observed when the air is dry and the temperature rises above the permissible level. By eliminating these causes, the problem with leaves will resolve on its own.
• Stickiness of sheet plates - the leaves become sticky as a result of the orchid being attacked by scale insects. Insects can be destroyed by treating the orchid with the Actellik insecticide.
• Formation of babies instead of buds - this problem arises as a result of non-compliance with the rules of care during the dormant period, as well as due to incorrect watering regime. Having identified mistakes in plant care and eliminated them, the gardener will begin to notice the appearance of buds, which will turn into luxurious inflorescences with a pleasant aroma.
• Yellowing and falling leaves - the leaves begin to turn yellow and wither as a result of the plant becoming infected with root rot due to waterlogging of the soil. In this case, replanting will help to save the orchid, with preliminary removal of the damaged roots.
• Lack of growth - the orchid stops growing if there is a lack of fertilizer or low temperatures in its content. Having applied the necessary fertilizing and adjusted the temperature, the grower will begin to notice how the crop begins to grow.
• Blackening of leaf plates - black spots appear as a result of damage to the dendrobium by diseases of viral etiology that develop at low temperatures and improper care. By normalizing the microclimate and removing damaged leaf blades, the crop can be saved.
• Plaque on the leaves - plaque on the leaf blades appears as a result of infection of the orchid spider mite, which covers the leaves with a white sticky web. The pest can be eliminated by treating the plant with the Actellik insecticide.

The dendrobium orchid is distinguished by its decorative appearance, long flowering period and luxurious bright flowers that exude a pleasant aroma.

The culture is unpretentious in care, the orchid can be easily propagated, so many gardeners choose it, decorating their flower collections with this exotic epiphyte.

Important! If the flower is healthy and feels great, there is no need to replant often.

Reasons for transplantation:

• Sick roots.
• The pseudobulbs have become too bulky.
• Small pot. The roots do not fit in the pot.
• The substrate smells of acid - it has oxidized and caked.

In what cases can it be harmful?

They are replanted no more often than at 2-3 years, usually in the spring. Replanting is stressful for an orchid.

Replant the dendrobium orchid only after flowering, during the period of active growth. It is not recommended to transplant during rest or dormancy.

The peculiarity of the denrobium nobile orchid is that its roots grow very quickly. Sometimes you have to move the flower to a larger pot. If the orchid is healthy, the roots are not damaged, and the substrate is still suitable, then the “transfer” method is most often used:

1. The earthen lump is soaked, disassembled, but not completely removed.
2. We clean the roots from damaged dead roots.
3. We carefully loosen the old substrate and renew it.
4. We place small pieces of charcoal in it for disinfection.

Dividing the bush

We'll tell you step by step how to plant a bush at home:

1. After flowering, remove the adult orchid from the pot.
2. We clear the old substrate and damaged roots.
3. Using a sharp knife, cut into pieces.
4. Each part should have 3 mature healthy pseudobulbs and young shoots, at least 3 cm.
5. Place the pieces in water to moisten.
6. We treat the cuts with charcoal.
7. Plant in small pots.

Planting cuttings

1. Cuttings 10 cm long are treated with charcoal.
2. We put wet moss - sphagnum - into plastic bags.
3. We place 2 cuttings in each such “greenhouse”.
4. Store at a temperature of 22 - 24 ºC, ventilating and moistening the moss - the base - daily.
5. The light is bright and diffused.
6. After 2 weeks, when the roots appear, we transplant them into pots.
7. Presumably young orchids will bloom in 2 years.

Which pot to choose?

Pots usually use opaque, clay, unglazed, so that, thanks to the rough surface, the roots can cling well to the walls of the pot. Although many people grow them in ordinary transparent plastic containers, dendrobium has no contraindications regarding the “transparency” of the pot. Special baskets or flowerpots are often used, where the dendrobium also feels good.

It is better to buy a special substrate for dendrobium in the store.

Before planting, disinfect the substrate- soak or boil.

Substrate composition for dendrobium:

How to replant - step-by-step instructions

What should you never do?

• Peduncles and pseudobulbs cannot be cut off; dying off must occur naturally.
• When replanting into a new pot, do not bury the root. The voids in the pot are filled with substrate.
• When replanting, place the roots so that they do not bunch together or intertwine.

Photo

Check out the photo of the flower after a properly transplanted Dendrobium nobile orchid.

Possible problems and their solutions

• When replanting, it is important to carefully inspect the root for diseases and pests. Keep in mind that the dendrobium root is very fragile; before replanting, soak the old earthen ball well to easily clean the roots.

  Important! It is necessary to take all measures to prevent infection of the weakened root - treat the tools, the pot. Be sure to disinfect the substrate.

• After replanting, make sure that the water in the pan does not stagnate - this is a direct threat to the death of the orchid.
• Fertilizers should not be overused. You can feed an orchid only 1-2 times a month, strictly observing the dosage and permissible periods - during the flowering period.

Aftercare

• Place the pots in the south and southeast, just shade the windows with a light curtain or white paper. In summer, dendrobiums grow well on outdoors– in the garden, on the loggia or open balcony. The conditions of detention are the same.
• Immediately after transplantation, monitor the air humidity, it should be 60 - 70%.
• In the summer, preferably in the morning, you can refresh the substrate itself without touching the leaves. The substrate should always be moist, but not damp. Water with a watering can or by submerging one third of the pot in water.
• Adaptation takes 2–3 weeks after transplantation. Only then can weak solutions of growth stimulants and fertilizers be slowly introduced. Flower growers recommend using Dr. Foley foliar fertilizer. Please read the instructions carefully first.
• Observe the leaves of the dendrobium orchid:
  1. If the leaves are green, the lighting is normal.
  2. If they have turned pale, save the orchid, remove it from direct sun, burns may appear on the leaves.
  3. If the leaves become dark or yellow, add lighting. All possible reasons yellowing of orchid leaves can be found in