Canna: spring planting and summer care in open ground. How to grow canna flowers in the garden - the main nuances

Canna- a perennial flower that landscape designers love for its unpretentiousness and successfully decorate city lawns, paths, etc. It has many varieties, differing not only in the size and color of the inflorescences, but also in the color of the leaves. Canna's unpretentiousness in planting and caring for it open ground makes it possible for novice gardeners to grow it on their own plot.

Varieties

Canna is the only genus and includes 1 thousand varieties and 50 varieties. Among them are Kanna:

• Indian. A perennial flower, it has an erect stem and a powerful rhizome. Reaches two meters in height. The leaves are large, 50–80 cm in length. Type of flowers: tubular, buds 10 cm in diameter, odorless.
• Sadovaya. It has a straight false stem and a sigmoidal rhizome. Height ranges from 0.5 to 2.5 meters. The buds are orange, red, crimson and wide oval large leaves.
• Hanging. The height of the specimen is 1.2–2 meters, with leaves oblong and tapering at the end. The buds are yellow, 0.08 meters long.
• Striata. Reaches 90 cm in height with orange-yellow buds. Variegated green leaves.
• Gift of Crimea. The height of the specimen is 1.2 meters, with pink-raspberry buds.

In what conditions can it be grown?

• Cannas can be seen in the flower beds of the city, near houses and in garden plots. Dwarf varieties planted in tubs and used to decorate verandas and balconies multi-storey building. Caring for flowers is actually no different.
• Many people think that growing cannas in the ground is very difficult. But the gardener who becomes familiar with its features will not have problems with it. The main thing is to choose a flower right place landings. Since it is heat-loving, it loves light and moisture. Timely feeding during the growing season will allow you to enjoy the flower throughout the entire season from July to September. The tropical flower grows year-round in its natural environment.
• After the first frost, cannas will continue to thrive. bloom on the windowsill until January. Next, a period of rest begins. At this time, watering is reduced and the stem is trimmed to 15 cm from the neck. In spring, the specimen awakens. They can be germinated again and planted in the ground.

Features of growing canna are: loose soil, abundant watering, sunny area without access to wind.

Preparing for landing

How to plant in open ground?

• The landing site is selected sunny or partial shade, since the plant is tropical, it is worth choosing a place for it closer to the natural climate. The area must be protected from the wind.
• Close water will be a great place for eland.
• The soil used is loose, enriched with compost.
• Cannas can be planted in groups, creating a composition with other flowers.
• Low-growing species, such as cineraria, coleus, and marigolds, look great when combined with cannas.
• An excellent combination with petunia, kochia, perilla.
• Cannes lands in the center.
• Low varieties, e.g. Indian canna, variegated varieties are planted in tubs and flowerpots. They can be combined with low decorative flowers.

Step-by-step instruction

• A planting hole of 50–60 cm in diameter is being prepared.
• The third part of the hole is filled with fresh manure to insulate the root.
• Next, fill the second part with soil on top of the manure and water it generously (1 bucket per bush).
• When the water is absorbed, plant the rhizome in the hole and dig in.
• Let's say the bulb has not sprouted, then in this case it should be planted to a depth of 6–10 cm.
• Sprouted plants are up to 15 cm deep.
• Plant at a distance of 50 cm between rhizomes and rows.
• The time until the bush blooms is 60 days. Starting point, landing time.

Care

• The growing season is supported by fertilizing up to 3 times mineral fertilizers. The specimen is watered, then fertilizer granules are scattered and the soil is loosened. Dosage: 25 gr. phosphorus, 12 gr. nitrogen, 10 g. per 1 sq. meter.
• Watering is moderate and regular until shoots appear. During flowering, the bush is watered more abundantly, and the soil is sprinkled with wood ash.
• Inflorescences that have bloomed must be cut off to prevent seeds from setting. This will prolong flowering.
• Remove weeds.
• Before the first frost, when the plant has finished blooming, it must be earthed up. Raise the soil high to protect the flower neck from freezing.
• After the first frost, the stem is cut 15–20 cm from the base and dug up for wintering.

Pests and diseases

Gray rot, is a fungal and incurable disease. Leads to the complete destruction of the flower. In the fall, the soil is dug up, all plant remains are collected and burned for preventive purposes. The botrytis fungus is the causative agent of the disease and the appearance of brown spots on shoots and leaves are the first symptoms. The infection is transmitted to other plants.

This can be avoided by following simple rules:

• water at the root;
• maintain distance when landing;
• weed on time;
• do not overuse fertilizers.

An overdose of nitrogen, for example, leads to weakening of cell walls, and, consequently, to increased susceptibility to infectious diseases.

Rust mushroom. Increased moisture promotes the development of this disease. Signs of its appearance are brown spots on the leaves. From fungal disease leaves dry out and fall off.

Variegation flowers is a viral disease. Signs: lines on leaves. The disease leads to curling of flowers and reduced growth. To get rid of the virus, it is enough to remove the damaged areas.

Cucumber mosaic, one of the viral diseases. Signs: thread-like formations appear on the leaves. Due to the production of a certain substance during infection, aphids are attracted. She, in turn, spreads the virus. The plant should be systematically inspected and infected areas should be removed.

Among the pests of cannas are:

Excessive watering can lead to rotting copy and to death. A sign of disease will be their blackened leaves.

High humidity leads to damage to the flower by caterpillars. Insecticidal preparations will cope with them perfectly, the main thing is to notice them in time.

Storing rhizomes

In order not to buy new flower seedlings, you can help the rhizomes overwinter at home.

Storage with flowering

• Kanna is transplanted to.
• Watering is done regularly, as is the case with indoor plants.
• Flowering will continue until January.
• Then comes a period of dormancy, when the leaves and stem turn yellow and dry out. They should be trimmed. A cut of up to 3 cm is left above the soil level.
• Next, new shoots appear.
• Flowers are fed with mineral fertilizers, you can use mixtures for watering indoor plants (1 time/month).
• It is not recommended to use tinctures with humus, as the cannes will wither.
• Planting in the ground will be carried out with flowering buds.

Advice: use a container free for rhizomes.

Flower pot

Cellar

• The flower stem is cut 15 cm from the root and dug out with a lump of earth.
• This procedure occurs during the period of the first frost (September-October).
• The specimen is placed under a canopy and dried a little.
• Then, it is sent to boxes, if there are several of them.
• They are sprinkled with a mixture of sand, peat and earth with sawdust up to the neck.
• The contents are sent to the cellar.
• In this case, the temperature should be 6–8 degrees, and soil humidity up to 60%.
• Periodically moisten and inspect the plant.
• If rotten areas have formed, prune back to healthy tissue.
• Treat the cut with iodine, charcoal or ash.
• Monitor the temperature difference to avoid freezing.
• Frozen areas must be cut off and treated. The juice should not get on healthy roots - this can lead to the death of the plant.
• Early awakening of the canna, for example in January, will not negatively affect it.

Advice: It is better to use plastic boxes to avoid attacks by mice. Because they really love roots. Use bait for them near the container.

Fridge

Conclusion

There is only one shortage of flowers, cannot overwinter in the ground.

Canna flowers are distinguished by a variety of colors and shades, as well as a sharply asymmetrical shape. Many gardeners prefer to grow such a difficult-to-care plant in the country or keep it at home as a spectacular ornamental crop.

Description of the best varieties and types of cannas

Canna belongs to the monotypic family Cannaceae and is included in the order Zingiberaceae. Today there are about twelve species, which are naturally distributed throughout Central and South America.

The flower naturally grows in open and sunny areas, preferring moist and humus-rich soils. The flower catalog includes an incredible number of varieties, but Only the brightest and longest-blooming cannas gained the greatest popularity, which are easy to grow in home gardening conditions.

Photo gallery

Methods and features of eland propagation

Obtaining a new plant in home gardening is most often done by sowing seeds, but propagation by dividing the rhizome is also practiced. Both methods require strict adherence to technology:

• seeds, collected from a seed capsule, they are quite large and have a hard, dense shell, so it is necessary to carry out pre-sowing preparation in the form of soaking or stratification. Before soaking, the seeds are briefly scalded with boiling water or frozen for two hours in the refrigerator. Sowing of seeds is carried out in mid-February, subject to a temperature regime of 22-23°C. Shoots appear in about three weeks. After the formation of three true leaves, the seedlings need to be planted in separate seedling pots and grown in a bright room at a temperature of 16-17°C. Before planting in flower beds, hardening procedures are carried out. Disembarkation flower seedlings into open ground is possible after a stable temperature has established and the threat of late spring frosts has passed. Flowering occurs in the year of sowing;
• propagation by rhizome is the main method of propagation of any species of such ornamental plants. Division is carried out in March-April or immediately before planting in flower beds. The separated roots should be planted in the spring. The division of tubers is carried out depending on the number of distantly located buds using a sharp and clean blade or knife. It is recommended to pickle separated rhizomes in a weak solution based on potassium permanganate, which helps destroy pathogenic microflora. All cuts must be sprinkled with crushed charcoal or wood ash.

For the purpose of growing, the resulting cuttings should be placed in individual planting containers filled with a nutritious soil substrate based on compost, humus and medium-grained sand.

How to plant cannes in spring (video)

Planting and caring for cannas in open ground

To get long and bright flowering, the ornamental crop must be properly cared for throughout the season.

Selecting and preparing a place for growing in the garden

To achieve the most abundant and long-lasting flowering from your garden canna, it is recommended to choose the right area for planting. The place for growing should be sunny and well heated. The crop cannot be planted in lowlands and areas exposed to the negative effects of strong gusts of cold northern wind. The flower garden must be properly prepared in advance by digging to the depth of a spade and removing all weeds and debris.

The plant prefers areas with fertile, organic-rich and warm soil. The best soil for cultivation is one consisting of humus, leaf soil, coarse sand and peat in equal proportions. A prerequisite is the installation of reliable and high-quality drainage.

Technology and planting timing

Plant a plant on permanent place preferably in the second half of May, after the risk of return of spring frosts has passed. Failure to comply with planting deadlines often becomes the main reason for the lag in the development of canna or the complete absence of flower formation. It is best to plant the plant on a hot “litter”, which performed in accordance with the following technology:

• preparing planting holes with a diameter of about half a meter;
• filling the bottom of pre-prepared planting holes with a 20-centimeter layer of fresh, high-quality manure;
• backfilling with nutritious soil substrate 25 cm high;
• high-quality soil moisture in landing pit potassium permanganate solution;
• placing the rhizome on top of moistened soil with a depth of no more than 6-8 cm and sprinkling it with a nutritious soil substrate.

The standard distance between planted plants and between rows should not be less than half a meter. Flowering occurs approximately one and a half to two months after planting. planting material to a permanent place in open ground.

Watering and fertilizing

Cannas belong to the category of moisture-loving crops, so it is necessary to provide abundant irrigation with warm and soft water. Feeding is carried out throughout the entire period of growth and development, but at the stage of foliage dying, watering and fertilizing should be gradually reduced and then stopped altogether.

Experienced flower growers Frequent fertilizing watering with complex mineral fertilizers or diluted mullein infusion is practiced once a month. The fertilizing rate is 40-50 g of a mixture based on 12 g of nitrogen, 25 g of phosphorus, 10 g of potassium fertilizer for each square meter flower garden Watering must be combined with loosening and weeding activities.

Protection from diseases and pests

Rarely cannas are affected by bacteriosis, accompanied by blackening and subsequent death of buds or the appearance of blackening spots on the foliage. A bacterial infection is incurable and is often caused by excess moisture.

Severe waterlogging of the soil also causes damage to rust fungus, to destroy which special preparations or a solution based on potassium permanganate, diluted at the rate of 4.0 g per bucket of warm water, are used. You can spray the plant periodically "Vertimecom" or "Mauricom".

How to store cannes (video)

Why cannas don't bloom and how to solve the problem

Sometimes with visible good care Cannas don't bloom. In this case requires attention to care. In home floriculture, the main factors may be the lack of temperature levels necessary for growth and development, as well as improper watering and fertilizing, or uncomfortable air humidity.

Plants can also be damaged by aphids, cutworms, spider mites, rust and mosaic, which weakens the culture and does not allow it to bloom. In this case, it is necessary to properly balance care, as well as carry out the entire range of preventive and therapeutic measures.

Canna after flowering

After daytime temperatures drop almost to zero, the leaves are cut off and the flowers are dug up, leaving an earthen coma around the tuber. After flowering, you can dig up the planting material winter storage or plant it in flower pots and then place it on a well-lit windowsill at home. During this period, watering must be reduced to once or twice a month. Feeding is completely excluded.

How to store tubers in winter after digging them up in autumn

Wintering in open ground is not always successful, which is why you need to dig up the tubers before winter and put them in storage. To properly preserve planting material, you need to ensure temperature regime at the level of 8-12 o C.

It is best to store tubers or rhizomes in a cool, dry basement. Right choice repositories and compliance optimal performance temperatures and humidity have a positive effect on the quality characteristics of planting material, as well as flowering productivity in the next season.

Rules and features of home care

Canna is photophilous, so place flower pot It is only necessary in a sunny place, for which a window sill located on the south or west side of the room is optimal.

At home, caring for a flower is not at all difficult. Irrigation measures are carried out with settled water as necessary. room temperature. A couple of times a month, watering is combined with liquid feeding with fertilizers, suitable for growing indoor flowering perennials. Periodically, you need to inspect the perennial for damage by diseases and pests, and, if necessary, carry out preventive or therapeutic measures.

Features of growing cannas (video)

Beautiful cannas look great in mono-bouquets and as a spectacular decoration for flower beds or flower beds in combination with low-growing ornamental plants. IN Lately cannas are increasingly used in summer decoration terraces and balconies, and are also planted as part of flower arrangements on lawns.

It is difficult to find words to describe the emotions and feelings that you experience when you see these amazingly beautiful flowers. Proper cultivation cannas: planting, timely care for it - will allow everyone to enjoy its amazing appearance and continuous flowering.

A few words about the plant

Canna is a monoculture, i.e. the only representative of the horse family (Cannaceae). Under natural conditions, it grows in South and Central America, China, Indonesia, and India.

The flower has thin, erect stems that grow up to 3 m in height in some varieties. The leaves are lanceolate or oblong, quite large, and can grow up to 80 cm in length and up to 25 cm in width.

Canna reveals its splendor when flowering. The main color of its buds is red, although breeders have managed to develop varieties with yellow, white, orange, pink and even two-color petals - speckled or bordered. The flowers grow up to 8 cm, they are bisexual, asymmetrically located on the flower shoot and collected in an inflorescence - a panicle or raceme.

The flower has only two drawbacks: it does not tolerate our winter outdoors well and has no smell. Among its advantages, gardeners highlight the following:

• very rarely gets sick;
• grows quickly;
• easy to grow;
• easy care;
• decorates the area with its flowering until late autumn.

If the buds have been pollinated by insects, large brown seeds have time to ripen. They can be used for reproduction.

Methods for growing canna

The flower is grown from seeds or rhizomes divided in the fall. Sprouting tubers at home or growing a plant from seeds is a mandatory procedure for our climate.

How to grow canna from seeds

The best time for sowing seeds is considered to be the end of January or the beginning of February.

Growing canna in a similar way is more suitable for breeding work, since seedlings obtained from seeds in most cases do not retain varietal and species characteristics.

In order for the seeds to germinate well, their durable shell must be destroyed. To do this, you can use one of the following methods:

• pour boiling water over;
• keep for 3-4 hours in a thermos with warm water;
• put in the snow for 2-3 hours or in the freezer for 1 hour;
• destroy by mechanical force.

If you ignore this procedure, seed germination will deteriorate and the emergence of seedlings will be delayed.

Then the seeds are soaked in a growth stimulator for 24 hours and only then planted in a container with soil, the temperature of which must be at least 22 ºC before sowing. They are sealed to a depth of 7-10 mm, watered, and covered with film (glass). The first shoots will appear in about a month. When 3-4 leaves grow on them, they are picked (seated) in separate pots, in which the flowers are kept until planted in open ground.

After picking, the young seedlings are placed in a room where the temperature does not exceed 16-18 ºC.

How to grow from rhizomes

Growing a flower from a rhizome is considered the simplest and most reliable way. At the end of March or beginning of April, the rhizomes stored for storage are cleared of soil, and their dried parts are removed. Division is based on the number of tuberous buds. If there are 2 buds nearby, they should be left together.

The resulting sections should be treated with a solution of manganese, diluted in a ratio of 0.2 g of manganese powder per 1 liter of water. For the same purpose you can take wood ash. Treatment is carried out to prevent tubers from becoming infected with fungal infections.

The separated rhizomes are planted shallowly in a prepared soil mixture consisting of sand, peat and black soil, taken in equal parts. The first leaves appear quickly - after 2-3 weeks. After germination, the flower is removed to a cool but sufficiently lit place with a temperature of 16–18 ºC. Such conditions are necessary so that the young plant does not stretch. Caring for it consists of timely watering and maintaining the desired temperature.

Planting in open ground

If in the spring it is planned to plant canna in open ground, then in mid-April it should be taken out and prepared for new conditions for it. To do this, every day in sunny weather you need to take it out into the fresh air.

Planting is carried out after the end of frost. The flower prefers a sunny area, protected from drafts, with light fertile soil. Before planting, drainage is placed in the hole, consisting of the following components:

• manure or hay (20 cm layer);
• soil (25-30 cm layer);
• fertilizers

Such a “pillow” will warm the roots and stimulate intensive growth and flowering of the canna. You can plant it after intensive watering of the hole. Planting depth is 20–25 cm. The distance between planted bushes is about half a meter. From the time of planting to the start of flowering, it usually takes up to 2 months.

How to care

Further care consists of watering, loosening the soil, weed control and fertilizing.

Care involves fertilizing three times per season. Once every 10 days, when watering, grains of manganese are placed under each flower (or diluted in water in the amount of 2 g per 10 liters of water). It is necessary to stimulate flowering.

The best types of fertilizers are considered to be mineral (containing nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium) and organic.

Their application is carried out using the root method: after watering, fertilizer granules are scattered around the bushes, and the soil is loosened. Before flowering, at intervals of 2 weeks, you can feed with chicken droppings diluted in water 1:10.

The plant should be watered regularly, but moderately. The flower needs abundant watering only before it blooms.

When watering canna, do not overdo it. Excess moisture will provoke the development of bacterial and fungal diseases.

Care includes conservation decorative look Cannes. To do this, she regularly needs to trim off faded flowers.

Growing canna is also possible at home - it is bred as a potted plant. In order for it to feel good and grow in winter, it is important to know some of the features of growing it at home.

In order for a flower to grow at home, it is enough to dig it out of the soil and place it in a pot for indoor plants with a diameter of at least 50 cm, watering the garden soil with an insecticide in advance. This procedure is necessary to avoid insects from moving into the room.

Caring for a plant at home is even easier than in a flower garden. There is no need to spray it, remove weeds or loosen the soil. It is enough to place it in a lighted room, water it and feed it with fertilizers. The indoor canna is in a dormant period for only 2 months, and the rest of the time it pleases with its beauty.

Proper and timely care at home will preserve the beauty of the canna even after flowering has finished.

Plant after flowering

After flowering, indoor canna needs rest for some time. It is necessary to reduce watering daily, and then stop it completely. Then the leaves are cut off and the pot with the plant is placed in a cool place where the temperature is at least 10 ºC. In spring, the roots are removed from the soil, divided and planted in pots or open ground.

If the canna grew in the garden, then after flowering it also does not need abundant watering. It gradually contracts and then stops. As soon as the first frosts begin, the stems are cut off and the rhizomes are dug up along with the ground.

Nutrients are localized in the rhizome only after cold weather. If you dig up flowers before frost, the roots will not receive the supply of substances necessary for wintering.

Before storing cannas, the rhizomes should be dried in the shade for 2–3 days. It is better to place them under a canopy or in a shed.

How to store

• in boxes or boxes;
• in flower pots.

If the first option was chosen, then before digging it is necessary to prepare the soil: mix peat, sand and sawdust in equal quantities. After removing the rhizomes from the ground and drying, they are placed in containers, covered with soil and, if necessary, slightly moistened. Best temperature storage is considered +8-10 ºC.

The entire storage period of the tubers must be reviewed. Rotten parts are cut off and sprinkled with charcoal, cinnamon or ash.

With the second storage option, you can simultaneously preserve flowers until spring and enjoy their appearance in winter at home. The main thing is to have time to dig them up before the onset of frost. Care during this period is slightly different. Cannas should be placed in a bright place, fed and watered.

If several varieties of canna are stored simultaneously, it is recommended to attach a tag with its name to each rhizome. This technique will help you create a unique composition when planting in the spring, taking into account the characteristics of each variety.

To grow a flower, it is important to create conditions close to its native ones. In summer it is warmth and plenty of moisture, in winter it is moderate watering and coolness. A reward to the florist for his reverent and proper care and patience there will be a healthy and strong appearance of the plant, abundant flowering.

It will take 5 minutes to read

Bright canna looks impressive in the garden both in single plantings and in a group with other plants. Her blossoms decorate personal plots not only in the summer, but also in the autumn months. If for a summer cottage the choice is made on a plant such as canna, planting and caring for it in open ground will not cause much trouble. The main concern of the gardener will be proper storage rhizome in winter, because otherwise the perennial is quite unpretentious.

Features of the plant

Canna is native to Latin America; it is also common in Indonesia, India, and the Hawaiian Islands. In addition to its unusually beautiful flowering, canna is valued for its other qualities. Its root is rich in starch and is eaten by residents of tropical latitudes in baked form. The aerial parts of the stems and leaves are often used as vitamin-rich feed for farm animals.

Kanna Livadia

Canna grows from 05 to 2 m tall. Its stem is covered with large long leaves of bright green, bluish, purple shades of variegated and striped colors. The flowers are asymmetrical, large, about 20 cm in diameter. The petals come in white, yellow, red, crimson colors, and there are hybrids with spots and longitudinal stripes. The flowering period is from the second decade of June to November.

Reference. Tropical canna flowers have one peculiarity - they have no aroma. Some may consider this a drawback, but for many allergy sufferers who cannot tolerate the smell of flowers, this specificity is a joy.

Varieties

Canna is the only representative of the Kannevy family and has about 50 varieties. This bright perennial is loved by breeders for its ability to give birth to hybrids of extraordinary beauty.

Kanna Sunset Glow

The leaves of the perennial canna have a decorative appearance, the flower - the photo of the plants makes you fall in love with large candles unopened buds, leopard or contrasting two-tone color of the petals, crowning a tall straight stem in a rosette of purple, burgundy, striped leaves.

Among the varieties most suitable for garden plots are:

• Crimean Dawns;
• Livadia;
• Reflection of Sunset;
• Gift of Crimea;
• The president;
• Richard Wallis;
• Sunny Beauty.

Reproduction and preparation for planting

For fans of the exotic beauty of the perennial canna, plant propagation is not difficult to master. There are two ways to do this: dividing the rhizome and seeds. The preparation of planting material begins in early spring. For this:

1. The rhizomes are carefully cleared of soil, being careful not to damage the base of the roots.
2. The tuber is divided with a sharp knife and the cut areas are treated with crushed charcoal for disinfection.
3. The roots are trimmed, leaving a length of about 5 cm.
4. The delenki are left to dry for three days in a dry, well-lit place at a temperature of +10...+15°C.
5. After the sprouts awaken, the planting material is placed in containers with a nutrient substrate and left in greenhouses or heated greenhouses.

Planting seeds

Indian Canna seeds

Sowing seeds is done earlier than dividing the rhizomes. The most suitable time frame for this is the end of January - beginning of February.

Pre-sowing seed preparation includes the following measures:

• first of all the shell is tinder sandpaper– this will speed up the time of emergence of seedlings;
• For better germination Before sowing, it is recommended to soak the seeds in a solution of a growth stimulator.

Important! Proper preparation seeds promotes the emergence of seedlings within 4-5 weeks. Without such a procedure, this period may take up to 4 months.

A universal soil mixture for indoor plants is suitable for growing seedlings. You can compose it yourself. For this you will need:

• 2 parts of a mixture of rotted leaves with peat;
• 1 part of turf land;
• 0.5 parts sand.

Containers with seeds are kept at a temperature of about +25°C. Upon reaching the stage of 2 true leaves, the seedlings dive into separate pots.

Kanna Sunny Beauty

Transplantation to a permanent location is performed after the tender seedlings have undergone the hardening procedure. To do this, during the day it is taken out into the fresh air and left in partial shade, for example, under trees. In the first days, the pots are kept outside for no more than 15 minutes. After a week, the seedlings can already stand in the garden for 2-3 hours. Transplantation into open ground is carried out in the second ten days of May, provided that the threat of unexpected frosts has passed.

Further care

In the process of cultivating the perennial canna, growing and caring for it is not particularly difficult. Watering rules are quite simple:

• I keep the soil under the plants moderately moist;
• During the flowering period, watering should become more abundant, but the plants should not be flooded.

Important! Monitor the condition of the canna perennial; the flower may turn black and lose buds if the soil is over-moistened. Too much moisture often leads to the development of fungal diseases.

Flowerbeds with cannas are regularly weeded. In autumn, it is necessary to hill the plants high to protect the root collars from low temperatures.

Flowering period

Canna is one of those few plants whose flowering period is distinguished by an enviable duration. It can last from 3 to 4 months and makes up a significant part of the growing season. Therefore, when a canna flower blooms, many inexperienced gardeners worry about how to care for a perennial.

Cannes in landscape design

First of all, don't be afraid to cut flowers regularly. This will prevent seeds from setting, which prevents the formation of new buds. The procedure is performed with a sharp instrument, for example, a pruner.

Important! If cannas do not want to bloom, the reason for this behavior may be the lack of sufficient light. Observe during the day whether your flowerbed is shaded by a lacy tree crown or hedge.

Fertilizer application

Regular fertilizing promotes abundant flowering. For this you can use:

• chicken droppings soaked in water in proportions of 1:10. The bushes will be fertilized once every two weeks. One plant requires about 0.5 liters of liquid;
• in the phase of bud formation, 100 g of crushed charcoal is added under the bushes.

Storing planting material in winter

If in open ground summer cottage A small number of cannas are grown; they can successfully overwinter at home in pots like ordinary indoor flowers. For this:

• Before frost begins, the bush is dug up along with a lump of earth and placed in any suitable container.
• Flowers are left on the windowsill until the beginning of spring.
• Care measures include moderate watering.
• Cannas do not need feeding during this period.
• Shoots whose leaves begin to turn yellow are cut to a height of 3 cm above ground level.

A large amount of planting material is stored together with a lump of earth in containers, covered sawdust. Before storing for the winter, the rhizomes are allowed to dry for outdoors. The storage temperature is maintained at +10…+15°C.

These are the simple rules that, if followed, will ensure that your cannes long life and long flowering country flower beds. Infrequent feeding with simple fertilizers, moderate watering and removal of weeds - these are the conditions to which your perennials will respond with lush and vibrant flowering.

Canna landing (video)

In contact with

Canna (lat. Canna) is a monotypic genus of the Cannaceae family, order Gingeraceae, has more than 50 species herbaceous plants. Natural habitat is South America, India, China. It was brought to Europe in the 16th century by Portuguese sailors, but has been cultivated since the mid-17th century. Translated from Greek language the name of the flower means "reed". Indeed, the canna stem is similar to this plant.

The name is translated from Latin as “pipe”. An ancient legend says that cannas grew on the site of the ashes of a fire in which one Indian leader burned a peace treaty rolled up in a wampum pipe, which led to a bloody war, and the bright red petals of cannas resemble the flames of that fire and spilled in the cruel war blood. Flower growers appreciate cannas for their beautiful flowering, large decorative leaves, colored in dark green, dark purple, red-bronze or even violet.

At first glance, it may seem that canna is an incredible hybrid of a banana and a gladiolus or an orchid. The plant has only two drawbacks: in our climate, wintering in open ground is problematic and the flower has no aroma. The rest is only advantages. Cannas practically do not suffer from anything, are unpretentious, drought-resistant, and even novice gardeners can cope with them. Cannas will decorate your garden without causing any trouble, and flowering will last from the end of June until the first frost.

Description of canna

The canna root system is branched and grows in breadth. The peduncle stems are thick, tall (from 60 cm to 3 m), erect. The leaves are powerful, large, pointed, reach 25-80 cm in length, 10-30 cm in width, the leaf shape is oblong or elliptical, the leaf blade is smooth. Stems and leaves are colored rich green color. The color and shape of the leaves already makes the plant attractive, but when it blooms, you will see beauty and harmony.

Dioecious, sharply asymmetrical, size is 4-8 cm, the original color is red, but varieties have been selectively bred in yellow, pink, orange, bicolor, speckled, with a border. Even white elands are very rare. Flowers are collected in racemes or paniculate inflorescences. After flowering, a fruit is formed in the form of a three-locular capsule.

Growing canna from seeds

Canna can also be propagated vegetatively. When propagated by seeds, varietal differences may be lost, especially since not all varieties set seeds; the ideal method of propagation is dividing the rhizome. But if you are interested in selection, you can try planting seeds. The seeds have a very hard shell, which must be softened before sowing. You can scald the seeds with boiling water and keep them in warm water in a thermos for 3-4 hours, or keep them for hot battery for 12 hours.

You can apply cold - keep it in the refrigerator for a couple of hours. Seeds are sown in February. Use light soil (for example, a universal peat-based substrate in a ratio of 1 to 2). It is better to sow each seed in separate containers; peat pots are ideal. The soil needs to be moistened, the seeding depth is 2 cm. Cover the crops with film and place in a well-lit place, maintain the air temperature at 22-23 ºC.

Shoots will appear in 3-4 weeks. When the first leaf appears, the film must be removed. Shoots need good watering, regular feeding complex fertilizers and periodic spraying. At the beginning of summer, seedlings can be taken to a greenhouse and maintained at a temperature of 16 ºC until planted in the garden. Healthy seedlings should have 3-4 leaves and reach a height of about 20 cm. They can be planted in open ground when the threat of even the slightest frost has passed. Plants from seeds will bloom the following summer.

Canna propagation by division of rhizomes

The most reliable way to get flowering in the same year is to propagate the plant by dividing the rhizomes (tubers). Do this in March-early April. Each division is a separate tuber; if they are located very close to each other, then it is better to leave both. Treat the cut area with a weak solution of potassium permanganate or crushed coal. It is better to grow tubers in boxes with sand.

The bud (tuber) is placed horizontally, sprinkled with sand, and sprayed with warm water from time to time. Germinate at a temperature of 20-24 ºC, you can slightly warm the soil from below. When the buds sprout and the first leaf appears, provide good lighting and an air temperature of 16ºC. Water once every 10 days with a weak solution of potassium permanganate (2 g per 10 liters of water). Appearance yellow leaves indicates a fungal infection - increase the manganese concentration. You can do without growing, but if planted directly into the soil, the cannas may not take root or may not bloom that year.

When and how to plant cannas in the garden

• With the retreat of spring frosts, you can begin to prepare a place for planting canna.
• This should be a sunny area, protected from drafts; the soil should be fertile, warm, rich in organic matter.
• The needs of a flower are similar to vegetable crop cucumber The optimal soil composition is considered to be a mixture of humus, leaf soil, coarse sand and peat in equal proportions. Be sure to provide good drainage.
• Experienced gardeners recommend planting cannas after May 9th. Due to a possible sharp change in temperature, the canna may lag behind in growth for a long time, and accordingly the flowering period will be delayed or not at all.

So, when the threat of frost has passed and the ground has warmed up to 8-10°C, you can plant cannas in open ground. To get the most out of it, make a warm bedding for it: at the bottom of a planting hole about 50 cm deep, lay a 15 cm layer of fresh manure or any organic matter, which will give the roots warmth and provoke intensive growth and good flowering. Next, add a 25 cm layer of soil. Moisten it well and place the canna rhizome in the hole and dig it in. If the tuber has not sprouted, then the planting depth should be 6-9 cm. There should be a distance of 0.4-0.5 meters between plants and rows. Canna should bloom approximately 1.5-2 months after planting.

How to plant cannes, watch the video:

Caring for canna in the garden: watering, diseases and pests

During the growing season, cannas need to be fed a couple of times with mineral fertilizers. Do it this way: after watering, sprinkle granules around the plant and loosen the soil. For 1 m2 you need 40-50 g of a mixture of fertilizers (10 g potassium + 12 g nitrogen + 25 phosphate).

Before shoots appear, it is necessary regularly, but in moderation. With the formation of flowers, watering must be increased, but waterlogging should not be allowed, because fungal or bacterial diseases can occur, which can lead to blackening and death of the buds. After flowering, watering is gradually reduced and then stopped altogether.

The succulent leaves of the canna are to the taste of the caterpillars, and the rhizome can be damaged by nematodes. Insecticides will help in the fight against them.

Faded inflorescences need to be cut off. Remove weeds, especially during the first half of the growing season. To protect canna root collars from freezing, immediately after flowering and before frost sets in, they need to be hilled up high. After the first frost, cut the stems of the plant at a height of 15-20 cm, dig up the rhizome along with a lump of earth.

How to store cannas in winter

When to dig canna

How to preserve cannas for the winter? Typically, cannas are dug up in late September-early October and transferred to a storage location until spring. Best stored in a cool place with indirect light and moderate humidity. Place the rhizomes in boxes, sprinkle with sand, peat and non-coniferous wood sawdust. Soil humidity should be about 50%, and the temperature should be about +6-8 °C. Regularly inspect canna rhizomes for rotting. If you find a tuber infected with rot, cut it to a healthy area, and be sure to treat the cut with iodine. Protect tubers from sudden temperature changes.

Cannes in winter in an apartment

If there is no special room, you can store the tubers in the refrigerator. Dig up the roots in the fall, wash under running water from the ground, keep for a day in a manganese disinfectant solution (very weak, pink), dry well, wrap each tuber in paper and place in a container intended for storing vegetables. Also check periodically to see if rot has appeared.

You can store dried canna roots on the balcony: place them in a plastic bucket and sprinkle with dry soil. In severe frosts, you need to bring a bucket into the apartment, the tubers should be laid out under balcony door on the floor.

The rhizome can also be stored in the ground in a pot, maintaining a temperature of up to 15 ºC. You can place the pot on the veranda, attic or glassed-in loggia. The soil should be moistened a couple of times a month. In warm regions without frosty winters, you can dig up canna rhizomes and store them on the site, avoiding flooding and protecting them from the wind. Cover the tubers with dry sawdust in a 20 cm layer.

Homemade canna: how to care for a flower at home

Canna can be grown successfully in pots or tubs. This applies to types and varieties that can fit in a house, apartment, balcony or terrace. Thanks to its decorative effect, an indoor canna will become a real centerpiece flower arrangement your his winter garden. A domestic canna needs a period of rest for two months, and the rest of the time it will delight you with gorgeous foliage and bright flowering.

Care and proper watering

Grow canna at home like any other indoor plant. In the fall, you can dig up a garden canna; the soil around the plant should first be watered with an insecticide to destroy insects and not bring them into the house; transplant the canna into a pot or tub with a diameter of 0.5 m.

Caring for canna is easier than in gardens. There is no need to spray, fight weeds, feed or loosen the soil. Give her a place with good lighting, water as necessary with softened, settled water, occasionally wipe the leaves with damp soft cloth or a sponge. After flowering ends, the leaves will remain bright and delightful with beauty.

Rest period

When your home canna needs a rest - after flowering - gradually reduce watering until it stops completely. Cut the leaves at a height of 10-15 cm from the root, move the pot to a cool, dry place, the temperature should not be lower than 10ºC.

In spring, the rhizome is removed from the pot, the tubers are divided and planted. You can plant them in pots or in the garden.

Types and varieties of cannes with names and photos

The progenitor of almost all types of cannas. The cultivated varieties of Indian canna obtained as a result of selection are called garden canna. These hybrids are divided into three groups.

Cannes Crozy (French canna)

They are considered a low-growing species (60-160 cm), their flowers are similar to gladioli. The dark green or purple-pink leaves are covered in white.

• Livadia: up to a meter in height, red-crimson flowers appear on a peduncle 25-30 cm long, the petals have a bend, begins to bloom in July;
• America: 120-140 cm high, blood-red flowers 12 cm in diameter, inflorescence length 30-35 cm, purple leaves, blooms in July;
• President: up to 1 meter high, bright red flowering on a peduncle 30 cm high, standard leaf color - green, begins to bloom in July.

Orchid cannas

A tall species with a height of 1-2 m. The flowers are large - 12.5-17.5 cm with thin corrugated edges, shaped like cattleyas. The leaves are green and may have a purple tint.

• Andenken an Wilhelm Pfitzer: 110-140 cm high, the inflorescence reaches a length of 30 cm, the color of the flowers is bright orange with red strokes, the leaves are brown-purple, begins to bloom in July;
• Suevia: up to a meter tall, lemon-colored flowers measuring 12 by 15 cm appear in mid-July, green leaves;
• Richard Wallace: height about a meter, flowers are light yellow with red speckles, inflorescence length is 20-25 cm, blooms in July.

Deciduous (small-flowered) cannas

They grow up to 3 m in height, the leaves are very beautiful, colored green, purple, violet-green, the flowers are small - no more than 6 cm in size, this species is rarely grown in cultivation.

Durban is the most famous variety of small-flowered canna. The flowers are yellow-orange, the color of the leaves is more interesting - pink-yellow-bronze-green stripes.