Many summer residents grow flower seedlings in apartments and houses, preferring not to buy them at the market or in flower shop. It's convenient, pleasant and profitable. Many flower crops are grown by seedlings - buying them as seedlings, at least 10-20 plants of each variety, is expensive, but growing them from seeds is easy. In addition, a small seed planted in the soil gives life big plant, which, growing up, makes the world more beautiful - isn’t this a joy for a gardener?
What quality should the soil be for production? flower seedlings? Nothing special is required to sow seeds. The seeds contain enough energy for germination, therefore, especially if you pre-treat the seeds with growth stimulants, ordinary store-bought soil is sufficient for sowing. Neutral slightly acidic peat must be mixed in equal proportions with clean river sand (also bought in the store). You will definitely need drainage at the bottom of the seedling containers.
Advice!
It is best to use agloporite artificial pebbles, designed specifically to create a drainage layer.
You can make up seed soil from three components - peat, leaf soil, sand (1: 1: 1).
Pots or boxes
The second item on the list of things without which it is impossible to grow seedlings is containers. The range of containers, boxes, pots, plastic cassettes, peat pots and tablets for flower seedlings is huge. Any container can have advantages and disadvantages, depending on the material of manufacture, size, and stage of application.
Another thing is important - different stages The “maturation” of plants and the need for picking or replanting them require their own different containers. To grow flower seedlings at the first stage - sowing seeds - it is best to use seedling boxes, but not the largest ones - medium or small in size. After picking, it is better to move the seedlings into personal pots, cups, containers - it depends on the size of the future plant.
Seed selection
In addition to choosing from a list of ornamental crops, which are preferably propagated by seedlings, you need to know how to choose seeds. Here the main parameter that is worth paying attention to is germination.
Flower seeds, and indeed any other seeds, do not have an expiration date. These are not food products, and in the generally accepted sense, seeds cannot spoil. But there is such a thing as germination period. And if it is expired, then there is really no point in planting seeds - they will sprout poorly and weakly.
Video - what flowers to sow in February
What flower crops are sown for seedlings in February
The last month of winter is the time for sowing almost all flowers that reproduce through seedlings. Not worth it middle lane propagate flowers with seedlings, which can be sown directly into the ground (this is done only for earlier flowering). It is advisable to produce seedlings of the following crops: ageratum, aster, azarina, marigold, brachycoma, verbena, gazania, carnation, heliotrope, wendium, annual dahlia, delphinium, sweet tobacco, iberis, cleome, coleus, gillyflower, lobelia, Snapdragon, nasturtium, petunia, salvia, annual phlox, celosia, cineraria, osteospermum, zinnia.
When to start sowing
Flowers that have a long germination period are grown by seedlings. When sowing seeds in the ground, they do not have enough time to properly develop and please lush flowering. Such flower seeds are sown in February for seedlings, so that before planting in open ground– from the end of April to the end of May – 2-3 months passed.
Today, when the florist has at his disposal Newest technologies and methods, seedlings can be grown much faster, and the quality can be achieved better. Soil preparation, seed preparation, temperature, water, light conditions (read the article about ), timely fertilizing - provide your seedlings with all the conditions, and start sowing seeds starting from February 15th.
How to sow seeds
1. Before sowing, it is a good idea to disinfect flower seeds. Soaking in traditional potassium permanganate, which is usually done with vegetable seeds, is not always a method, because some flowers (petunia, lobelia) have very small seeds. It is easier and more effective to carry out disinfectant dusting with a fungicide. How to do it? Pour a pinch of powder into a bag with dry seeds placed in it, close and shake.
2. The soil in the seed containers has already been prepared, moderately moist, with grooves or holes. For petunia and lobelia, no grooves or depressions are needed - only Smooth surface soil on which the seeds are scattered without covering them with anything. You can mix small seeds with sand or snow. Medium and large seeds are sown to a depth of 1 to 5 cm and sprinkled with peat. The depth of planting seeds is usually 3-5 times greater than the height of the seed.
3. Until the seedlings hatch, containers with seeds should be protected with film or glass. Maintenance before germination – at +18°С…22°С. The contents of the containers must be ventilated every day, and the soil must be moistened by spraying. There is no need to additionally illuminate the containers at this stage.
4. After detecting the seedlings, the protection and containers are immediately moved to the light, and the room temperature is provided at +22°C...25°C. Water (very carefully) and spray regularly. In low light, add additional illumination with lamps.
After the sprouts appear, expose them to sunlight or artificial light
5. The time to feed flower seedlings for the first time is two weeks later. When the seedlings are one month old, the next feeding is done. Next, you need to fertilize weekly, alternating humic preparations and mineral complexes. In the phase of two leaves, picking is carried out into personal pots for planting.
February sowing of popular flowers
The most common ornamental flowering crops are petunia, lobelia, and marigolds.
Features of sowing Petunia
If you want to see colorful fragrant gramophones on your balcony or flowerbed already in June, you can start sowing petunias starting on February 15th. - smaller than a poppy seed, but it takes quite a long time to sprout. You can sow petunia only superficially. Crops must be covered with protective glass or thick film, creating a greenhouse effect.
Before planting in the garden or permanent flower pots it is necessary to make at least one transplant into a large container, ideally two - every month. Don't worry if the plant blooms right on the windowsill. Petunia seedlings tolerate replanting well when in bloom. The main thing is that the seedlings do not stretch out and become thin. To do this, when growing, it is necessary to use artificial lighting.
Flower - ampelous petunia
Features of sowing Lobelia
The second favorite of flower growers. The exact opposite of petunia appearance- graceful, with small blue and pink or white buds. Its seeds are also small. Therefore, sowing is carried out in the same way as petunias.
The difference is that lobelia does not really like transplanting, so it is better to sow several (no more than four) seeds in one small pot. Then the lobelia bushes will turn out stronger and more lush.
Flower - lobelia
Marigold
Tagetes are also grown by sowing directly into the ground, but obtaining seedlings allows you to have flowers a month earlier, so most gardeners prefer to propagate these cheerful and cheerful yellow-orange-red flowers with seedlings.
It is better to sow in boxes. Furrows are made in them and seeds are sown in increments of three centimeters. The depth of the furrows is 1-1.5 cm. The crops are covered with a mixture of peat and sand.
Marigolds are very beautiful flowers
Marigolds sprout quickly - sprouts will appear within 5-6 days. Sprouts immediately after their appearance require additional lighting for at least 12 hours. You can also plant marigolds in boxes, but bigger size and in increments of 7 cm. This is done when two true leaves appear on the plant. After a month, you can re-pick. They pick up perfectly, even with blooming flowers. In the flowerbed, these unpretentious and not capricious flowers also take root well. That is why they gained fame and love from flower growers.
Video - what can be sown in February and early March
Growing flower seedlings is a low-cost way to obtain a wide variety of flower crops, from which you can create stunningly beautiful compositions in your summer cottage. Try to grow seedlings of your favorite flowers yourself, following the recommendations for choosing soil, containers, seeds, varieties, preparing seeds, sowing rules, and caring for seedlings. You will definitely like the result.
Many summer residents grow flower seedlings in apartments and houses, preferring not to buy them at the market or in a flower shop. It's convenient, pleasant and profitable. Many flower crops are grown by seedlings - buying them as seedlings, at least 10-20 plants of each variety, is expensive, but growing them from seeds is easy. In addition, a small seed planted in the soil gives life to a large plant, which, as it grows, makes the world more beautiful - isn’t this a joy for a gardener?
Flower seedlings in February and March, what to plant
What quality should the soil be for producing flower seedlings? Nothing special is required to sow seeds. The seeds contain enough energy for germination, therefore, especially if you pre-treat the seeds with growth stimulants, ordinary store-bought soil is sufficient for sowing. Neutral slightly acidic peat must be mixed in equal proportions with clean river sand (also bought in the store). You will definitely need drainage at the bottom of the seedling containers.
Advice!
It is best to use agloporite artificial pebbles, designed specifically to create a drainage layer.
You can make up seed soil from three components - peat, leaf soil, sand (1: 1: 1).
Pots or boxes
The second item on the list of things without which it is impossible to grow seedlings is containers. The range of containers, boxes, pots, plastic cassettes, peat pots and tablets for flower seedlings is huge. Any container can have advantages and disadvantages, depending on the material of manufacture, size, and stage of application.
Another thing is important - the different stages of “growing up” of plants and the need for picking or replanting them require their own, different containers. To grow flower seedlings at the first stage - sowing seeds - it is best to use seedling boxes, but not the largest ones - medium or small in size. After picking, it is better to move the seedlings into personal pots, cups, containers - it depends on the size of the future plant.
The photo shows Various types containers for seedlings
Seed selection
In addition to choosing from a list of ornamental crops, which are preferably propagated by seedlings, you need to know how to choose seeds. Here the main parameter that is worth paying attention to is germination.
Flower seeds, and indeed any other seeds, do not have an expiration date. These are not food products, and in the generally accepted sense, seeds cannot spoil. But there is such a thing as germination period. And if it is expired, then there is really no point in planting seeds - they will sprout poorly and weakly.
Video - what flowers to sow in February
What flower crops are sown for seedlings in February
The last month of winter is the time for sowing almost all flowers that reproduce through seedlings. In the middle zone, you should not propagate flowers with seedlings, which can be sown directly into the ground (this is done only for earlier flowering). It is advisable to produce seedlings of the following crops: ageratum, aster, azarina, marigold, brachycoma, verbena, gazania, carnation, heliotrope, wendium, annual dahlia, delphinium, sweet tobacco, Iberis, cleome, coleus, gillyflower, lobelia, snapdragon, nasturtium, petunia , salvia, annual phlox, celosia, cineraria, osteospermum, zinnia.
When seeding crops in February, pay attention to the germination period of seeds
When to start sowing
Flowers that have a long germination period are grown by seedlings. When sowing seeds in the ground, they do not have enough time to develop properly and delight with lush flowering. Such flower seeds are sown in February for seedlings, so that 2-3 months pass before planting in open ground - from the end of April to the end of May.
Today, when the florist has the latest technologies and methods at his disposal, seedlings can be grown much faster and the quality achieved better. Soil preparation, seed preparation, temperature, water, light conditions (read the article about phytolamps and LED lamps for plants), timely fertilizing - provide your seedlings with all the conditions, and start sowing seeds starting from February 15th.
How to sow seeds
1. Before sowing, it is a good idea to disinfect flower seeds. Soaking in traditional potassium permanganate, which is usually done with vegetable seeds, is not always the method, because some flowers (petunia, lobelia) have very small seeds. It is easier and more effective to carry out disinfectant dusting with a fungicide. How to do it? Pour a pinch of powder into a bag with dry seeds placed in it, close and shake.
The photo shows the process of disinfecting seeds for seedlings
2. The soil in the seed containers has already been prepared, moderately moist, with grooves or holes. For petunia and lobelia, no grooves or depressions are needed - only a flat surface of the soil on which the seeds are scattered, without covering them with anything. You can mix small seeds with sand or snow. Medium and large seeds are sown to a depth of 1 to 5 cm and sprinkled with peat. The depth of planting seeds is usually 3-5 times greater than the height of the seed.
Distribute the seeds evenly over the entire planting area
3. Until the seedlings hatch, containers with seeds should be protected with film or glass. Maintenance before germination – at +18°С…22°С. The contents of the containers must be ventilated every day, and the soil must be moistened by spraying. There is no need to additionally illuminate the containers at this stage.
Cover the seedlings with plastic wrap
4. After detecting the seedlings, the protection and containers are immediately moved to the light, and the room temperature is provided at +22°C...25°C. Water (very carefully) and spray regularly. In low light, add additional illumination with lamps.
After the sprouts appear, expose them to sunlight or artificial light
5. The time to feed flower seedlings for the first time is two weeks later. When the seedlings are one month old, the next feeding is done. Next, you need to fertilize weekly, alternating humic preparations and mineral complexes. In the phase of two leaves, picking is carried out into personal pots for planting.
February sowing of popular flowers
The most common ornamental flowering crops are petunia, lobelia, and marigolds.
Features of sowing Petunia
If you want to see colorful fragrant gramophones on your balcony or flowerbed already in June, you can start sowing petunias starting on February 15th. Petunia seeds are smaller than a poppy seed, but it takes quite a long time to sprout. You can sow petunia only superficially. Crops must be covered with protective glass or thick film, creating a greenhouse effect.
Before planting in the garden or permanent flower pots, it is necessary to make at least one transplant into a large container, ideally two - every month. Don't worry if the plant blooms right on the windowsill. Petunia seedlings tolerate replanting well when in bloom. The main thing is that the seedlings do not stretch out and become thin. To do this, when growing, it is necessary to use artificial lighting.
Flower - ampelous petunia
Features of sowing Lobelia
The second favorite of flower growers. The exact opposite of petunia in appearance - elegant, with small blue and pink or white buds. Its seeds are also small. Therefore, sowing is carried out in the same way as petunias.
The difference is that lobelia does not really like transplanting, so it is better to sow several (no more than four) seeds in one small pot. Then the lobelia bushes will turn out stronger and more lush.
Flower - lobelia
Marigold
Tagetes are also grown by sowing directly into the ground, but obtaining seedlings allows you to have flowers a month earlier, so most gardeners prefer to propagate these cheerful and cheerful yellow-orange-red flowers with seedlings.
It is better to sow in boxes. Furrows are made in them and seeds are sown in increments of three centimeters. The depth of the furrows is 1-1.5 cm. The crops are covered with a mixture of peat and sand.
Marigolds are very beautiful flowers
Marigolds sprout quickly - sprouts will appear within 5-6 days. Sprouts immediately after their appearance require additional lighting for at least 12 hours. You can also plant marigolds in boxes, but of a larger size and in increments of 7 cm. This is done when two true leaves appear on the plant. After a month, you can re-pick. They pick up perfectly, even with blooming flowers. In the flowerbed, these unpretentious and not capricious flowers also take root well. That is why they gained fame and love from flower growers.
Video - what can be sown in February and early March
Growing flower seedlings is a low-cost way to obtain a wide variety of flower crops, from which you can create stunningly beautiful compositions in your summer cottage. Try to grow seedlings of your favorite flowers yourself, following the recommendations for choosing soil, containers, seeds, varieties, preparing seeds, sowing rules, and caring for seedlings. You will definitely like the result.
For gardeners, spring begins in the middle of winter, and already then they begin to purchase seeds and select varieties. What to sow for seedlings in February, what vegetables and flowers are ready for planting?
It is not always worth rushing to sow; sometimes seedlings planted in early February are much inferior to those sown in early March. Still, plants are affected by the length of daylight hours and lighting cannot completely replace the spring sun.
However, some types of vegetables have a long growing season. Flowers have a long germination period. Yes, sometimes you just want to sow early so that they bloom in the spring.
What you need to know when sowing seedlings early
When sowing flower and vegetable seeds in February, you should be prepared for special care, since plants may suffer from lack of sun and heat:
- Make sure that the seedlings do not stretch, this usually happens in insufficient light. Seedlings need to be illuminated with fluorescent lamps. Just make sure the lamps are not too low.
- The soil temperature should be optimal for each specific plant type. Some do not germinate below 15 degrees, and many, especially heat-loving ones, may die
- You need to constantly monitor the condition of the seedlings. It is during this early period that a favorable environment for plant development develops.
What to sow in February, video
For everyone who works with plants - gardeners, gardeners - the season begins in the middle of winter. It is at the end of January - February that the time comes to plant seeds for growing seedlings of many plants. What seedlings are planted in February depends on several factors, including climatic conditions and plant characteristics. First of all, early planting is necessary for plants with a long growing season, which otherwise do not have time to bear fruit and bring them to maturity.
Sowing seeds for seedlings is a very important procedure, the results of which largely determine future harvest. Therefore, it is necessary to carefully prepare everything necessary materials to achieve the best results.
The first step is to decide on a container for growing seedlings. The stores offer a variety of different options seedling containers:
- boxes (plastic, wooden);
- cups (plastic, cardboard, peat);
- seedling cassettes;
- pots;
- peat tablets;
- thick plastic or zip bags;
You can also use eggshell or homemade containers (cut bottles, milk or juice packaging). Each of these containers has its advantages and disadvantages. After studying them, you can decide for yourself what fits better– pots or boxes, cassettes or peat tablets.
Seedling boxes
One of the simplest and most common options for containers for seedlings. If necessary, you can easily make them yourself by adding the required form or size. In such a container, with the same window sill area, much more seeds will fit than when using separate cups or cassettes. At the same time, the box is convenient to carry and rotate to turn the seedlings towards the sun.
If seedlings are grown in boxes, it is important not to miss the picking time, otherwise the plants will become entangled with their roots and it will be impossible to plant them without damaging them.
The disadvantages of this type of container include the high probability of damage to the roots during picking, which will slow down growth. In addition, a box filled with earth turns out to be quite heavy. It is impossible to grow seedlings of plants with a tap root system (for example, peppers or eggplants) in this way, since they react poorly to frequent transfers. It is better to sow their seeds in separate cups.
It is very convenient to grow seedlings in special cassettes - they are light, compact, and equipped with drainage holes. If necessary, they can be cut into several parts or selected the appropriate size for any crop.
The indisputable advantage of cassettes is separate containers for each plant. This prevents the possibility of intertwining roots, thereby greatly facilitating plant replanting. Thanks to the drainage holes, the seedlings can be removed from the container along with the earthen ball, which will avoid damage to the root system and minimize the stress of replanting.
The obvious disadvantage of plastic cassettes is their fragility. A container filled with earth can easily burst when carried. They are also usually sold without pallets, so to protect a window sill or table you will need to buy one separately or try to make one yourself.
Peat tablets or pots
Peat containers for seedlings are considered the most environmentally friendly and convenient. They allow you to quickly and stress-free pick or plant seedlings in the ground - for this you do not have to pull out the plant, it is planted directly with a container, which becomes fertilizer for it. Both tablets and pots have excellent air and moisture permeability, which protects the roots from rotting.
The disadvantages include the rapid evaporation of moisture from the container, so you have to water a little more often and constantly monitor the humidity. In addition, such tablets and pots are quite expensive.
Sowing vegetables for seedlings
Plants belonging to late-ripening species and having a long growing season, when sown in the ground, as a rule, do not have time to go through the entire life cycle and bear fruit. In order to still get a harvest from them, they use the seedling method. When planted early - no later than February - these plants have time to travel quite a long way during the winter months, so after planting in the ground they have time to bloom, set fruit and bring them to maturity in the summer.
So, what vegetables are planted for seedlings in February:
Sweet (Bulgarian) and hot peppers
Almost all varieties of sweets and hot pepper characterized by a long growth period. Its seedlings are ready for planting in open ground only after 2-2.5 months. Considering that seedlings can be planted in beds only after the night frosts have gone (and this is usually the beginning or end of May), the time for sowing seeds for seedlings is mid-February. It is also necessary to take into account the period from sowing to the first shoots, which can take from 7 to 14 days and occurs only at a temperature of 25-30 degrees.
Eggplant
They also sow seedlings no later than the first ten days of February, since these plants are different long term emergence and growth. For germination they need a temperature of 25 to 30 degrees. Eggplants do not tolerate picking well and can suffer for a long time and grow poorly after such stress. Therefore, it is better to plant them in separate containers, from which the seedlings will immediately move to permanent place.
Leek
Growing these onions from seeds takes a long time and requires a lot of patience. It is sown in the first ten days of February, and two months after germination the plant can be planted in open ground.
Celery root
Celery seeds germinate in 1-1.5 weeks at a constant temperature of 22-24 degrees. Seedlings are planted in a permanent place 70-80 days after germination, so the seeds are sown in the second ten days of February.
Tomatoes
Tomato seedlings grow faster than peppers or eggplants, but still take time. Tomato seeds are planted for seedlings at the end of February or the very beginning of March. Then, by the time they are planted in the ground, the plants will be strong enough.
Zucchini, squash, cucumbers
In the third ten days of February, it is also necessary to sow the seeds of cucumbers, squash, and zucchini if greenhouse cultivation is planned. They germinate at soil temperatures of 20-25 degrees. These vegetables also don't tolerate transplanting well, so it's best to sow them in separate containers to keep stress to a minimum.
What flowers are sown for seedlings in February
It's hard to imagine country cottage area without bright ones flower beds. Timely planting of flower seedlings will help ensure this beauty. Some types of flowers also take too long to germinate, so it is not practical to sow them in open ground.
Seeds of the following flowers are sown for seedlings in the first ten days of February:
- beautiful lobelia;
- pelargonium (geranium);
- Heuchera.
In the second decade, petunia, mimulus, carnations, begonias, and cyclamens are planted. At the end of February, the time comes for Waller's balsam, sea cineraria, coreopsis, chrysanthemums and violas. Throughout February you can plant seeds of primroses and bluebells.
Regional features
Planting dates cannot be considered unambiguous and mandatory. It is very important to focus on the characteristics of the local climate. For example, in the south of Russia, all the above deadlines can be safely shifted by half a month, since the soil warms up to the required temperature much earlier. But for regions located in northern latitudes - for example, Moscow, St. Petersburg, Chelyabinsk, Ufa - seedlings are planted not at the beginning of May, but towards the end or even in June. This is due to the fact that night frosts in these regions are possible until the beginning of summer. Therefore, seeds for seedlings are sown in late January - early February.
When choosing which seedlings to plant in February, it is important to take into account many nuances and observe the growing conditions. High-quality seedlings, provided with sufficient light and heat, will be an excellent base for good harvest vegetables and vegetables abundant flowering flower beds
Video
Many flower crops are grown by seedlings - buying them as seedlings, at least 10-20 plants of each variety, is expensive, but growing them from seeds is easy. In addition, a small seed planted in the soil gives life to a large plant, which, as it grows, makes the world more beautiful - isn’t this a joy for a gardener?
First - the ground
What quality should the soil be for producing flower seedlings? Nothing special is required to sow seeds. The seeds contain enough energy for germination, therefore, especially if you pre-treat the seeds with growth stimulants, ordinary store-bought soil is sufficient for sowing. Neutral slightly acidic peat must be mixed in equal proportions with clean river sand (also bought in the store). You will definitely need drainage at the bottom of the seedling containers.
Advice! It is best to use agloporite artificial pebbles, designed specifically to create a drainage layer.
You can make up seed soil from three components - peat, leaf soil, sand (1: 1: 1).
Pots or boxes
The second item on the list of things without which it is impossible to grow seedlings is containers. The range of containers, boxes, pots, plastic cassettes, peat pots and tablets for flower seedlings is huge. Any container can have advantages and disadvantages, depending on the material of manufacture, size, and stage of application.
Another thing is important - the different stages of “growing up” of plants and the need for picking or replanting them require their own, different containers. To grow flower seedlings at the first stage - sowing seeds - it is best to use seedling boxes, but not the largest ones - medium or small in size. After picking, it is better to move the seedlings into personal pots, cups, containers - it depends on the size of the future plant.
Seed selection
In addition to choosing from a list of ornamental crops, which are preferably propagated by seedlings, you need to know how to choose seeds. Here the main parameter that is worth paying attention to is germination.
Flower seeds, and indeed any other seeds, do not have an expiration date. These are not food products, and in the generally accepted sense, seeds cannot spoil. But there is such a thing as germination period. And if it is expired, then there is really no point in planting seeds - they will sprout poorly and weakly.
What flower crops are sown for seedlings in February
The last month of winter is the time for sowing almost all flowers that reproduce through seedlings. In the middle zone, you should not propagate flowers with seedlings, which can be sown directly into the ground (this is done only for earlier flowering). It is advisable to produce seedlings of the following crops: ageratum, aster, azarina, marigold, brachycoma, verbena, gazania, carnation, heliotrope, wendium, annual dahlia, delphinium, sweet tobacco, Iberis, cleome, coleus, gillyflower, lobelia, snapdragon, nasturtium, petunia , salvia, annual phlox, celosia, cineraria, osteospermum, zinnia.
When to start sowing
Flowers that have a long germination period are grown by seedlings. When sowing seeds in the ground, they do not have enough time to develop properly and delight with lush flowering. Such flower seeds are sown in February for seedlings, so that 2-3 months pass before planting in open ground - from the end of April to the end of May.
Today, when the florist has the latest technologies and methods at his disposal, seedlings can be grown much faster and the quality achieved better. Soil preparation, seed preparation, temperature, water, light conditions (read the article about phytolamps and LED lamps for plants), timely fertilizing - provide your seedlings with all the conditions, and start sowing seeds starting from February 15th.
How to sow seeds
1. Before sowing, it is a good idea to disinfect flower seeds. Soaking in traditional potassium permanganate, which is usually done with vegetable seeds, is not always the method, because some flowers (petunia, lobelia) have very small seeds. It is easier and more effective to carry out disinfectant dusting with a fungicide. How to do it? Pour a pinch of powder into a bag with dry seeds placed in it, close and shake.
2. The soil in the seed containers has already been prepared, moderately moist, with grooves or holes. For petunia and lobelia, no grooves or depressions are needed - only a flat surface of the soil on which the seeds are scattered, without covering them with anything. You can mix small seeds with sand or snow. Medium and large seeds are sown to a depth of 1 to 5 cm and sprinkled with peat. The depth of planting seeds is usually 3-5 times greater than the height of the seed.
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