A kite is called differently. The history of kites is the history of kiting. It all started in China

A pastime as old as time - launching kites. An entertaining and useful activity: fresh air, sun, the smell of meadow grass, blue sky. How pleasant it is to watch a light, bright structure soaring in the heights; it’s even more pleasant to hold the string in your hands, feeling how it connects you to the sky, as if it takes you into the sky.

Fun, sport and much more...

The kite is the first flying machine made by man. Our eternal dreams of conquering the sky were embodied in him; he is the great-grandfather of airplanes, and of all aviation. Its light, graceful lines emanate an unearthly romance.

This is not only pleasant fun, a way to have fun in the fresh air and cure physical inactivity - it will help your child comprehend the laws of aerodynamics and understand many atmospheric processes. This toy is also very useful for adults. There are many designs of kites, from simple homemade ones to complex devices that require special control skills. Kite flying has long become an exciting sport, and festivals held around the world result in spectacular spectacles. Well, kiting, rightfully classified as an extreme sport, tickles the nerves of both competition participants and spectators.

The variety of shapes and colors of kites is amazing. Back in their homeland, China, these toys turned into objects of art. Their appearance carries an ethical and symbolic load, like a multi-valued message from a person to the sky. Kites have long been the focus of collectors' attention; they are exhibited in museums and books are dedicated to them.

Kiting is a sport based on movement under the influence of the traction force developed by a kite held and controlled by the athlete.

It all started in China

Nobody knows when the first kite was created. Mentions of these flying structures appeared in Chinese documents as early as the 2nd century BC. The kites were made from bamboo, silk and paper. They got their name from one of the most popular forms of toys - the dragon. It was being tinkered with large sizes with a grinning, decorated muzzle and a long tail fluttering in the wind, they were decorated with feathers, ribbons, lanterns, and even equipped with special sound devices - “snake music”. Flying dragons were an indispensable part of all major festivals. Kites are still very much in vogue in China. There are designated launch sites in Beijing air structures, in particular the park near the Temple of Heaven.

Since ancient times, flying toys have gained enormous popularity in Japan, Korea, and Malaysia, and everywhere they have acquired their own national characteristics. Kites were made in the shape of fish, birds, butterflies and even fierce warriors. Already in the early Middle Ages, kites appeared in Europe.

Even in ancient times, these flying structures were found practical use: they were used as means of communication, transmitting signals over short distances, for espionage and intimidation of the enemy, for measuring distances and heights.

Since the 18th century, kites began to be used in scientific research to study natural phenomena. At the end of the 19th century, they found application in hydrometeorology. And at the same time, the box-shaped kite was invented, thanks to which a breakthrough was made in aeronautics, leading to the construction of the first airplanes. By the way, with the help of a box kite, Marconi established the first radio communication across the Atlantic Ocean. Nowadays, panoramic photography using a kite has become very popular. It is also used to lift objects to heights. It has also found application in advertising.

The second Sunday in October is World Kite Day.

They are so different

The simplest in structure – single-plane kite. It does not have great lifting power or stability, but is very easy to control. This is where we need to start mastering the most ancient aircraft. It consists of a frame covered with canvas (sail), a bridle connecting the frame with a handrail - the same string with which the kite is held and controlled. The most important part of this design is the tail. This is not only a decoration made of ribbons and bows, it gives the kite stability and corrects its flight. An indispensable attribute of all kites is the reel on which the line is wound.

The design is quite popular among novice snake nauts. "Monk"– frameless kite from thick paper. The sheet is folded according to a certain pattern, after which it takes the shape of a hood, to which all the attributes of a plane kite are attached: a bridle, a rail, a tail.

Curved snakes are called that because they have a bend in their design, making them more stable. Such snakes do not need a tail. Box-shaped snakes consist of individual cells in the form of tetrahedrons or parallelepipeds. These structures are characterized by great stability and lifting power. Composite kites are assembled from a group of kites and form a single flexible system. Non-rigid kites take shape due to air flow, but have rigid frame elements in their design. Frameless kites have the appearance of a sail, not reinforced by a rigid frame. They are very convenient for transportation - they are quite simple to roll, and they can be made in quite large sizes.

Aerobatics, or controlled, snakes are capable of performing complex maneuvers in the sky. They are controlled using two or more rails.

Single plane kite
Box kite
Controllable kite

Composite kite
Non-rigid kite
Frameless kite

Space and wind

To fly a kite, all you need is space and wind. When choosing a location, you must be guided by several considerations: there should be no nearby objects that interfere with air flow (landings, houses, etc.), objects on which a snake can get caught (especially beware of power lines) and avoid large crowds of people. Do not fly the kite in strong gusts of wind: you still won’t achieve normal flight, and you can break the kite.

A kite rises into the sky and is held there by moving air - the wind. In this case, it should be located at an angle to the air flow. The direction and speed of the wind are constantly changing, and they can be different in different layers of the atmosphere. You can often observe the situation: near the ground the air is at rest, but above the winds are blowing. So even with not very strong wind near the ground, you can try to lift the kite up.

If a kite soaring in the sky suddenly begins to fall, this may mean that it has fallen into an air pocket. They are formed due to uneven heating of the air, for example, in the shadow of clouds it warms up worse than in the sun, hot air rises, cold air falls - this is how an air pocket appears.

The simplest in structure is a single-plane kite. It does not have great lifting power or stability, but is very easy to control.

Launch and flight

You need to launch with your back to the wind and holding the kite in front of you. Take the line right next to the bridle, turn the kite nose up and pull lightly towards you. When the wind picks up the kite, unwind the line.

When starting, you can use the help of a friend. Your friend takes the kite in his hands, and you unwind the line, stand with your back to the wind and face the kite, slightly pull the line. At your command, your friend releases the kite, and you, if the wind is strong enough, remain in place, and the kite rises up on its own, or, if the wind near the ground is weak, take a few steps (or run) back until the air flow picks up the kite.

While the kite is flying, make sure that the line is always taut: tighten it if the wind weakens and unwind it if the wind blows stronger. In order to land the kite, you just need to pull up and reel in the handrail, lowering the kite to the ground.

Kite Festival

There are amateurs who fly a kite from a regular fishing spinning rod. They simply hook the kite to the fishing line with a carabiner, control it using a reel, and find this method very convenient.

If the kite cannot be launched in normal wind conditions, check that it is assembled correctly. Starting problems in strong or light winds can be solved by adjusting the bridle. If, due to a weak wind at altitude, the kite begins to descend, then you need to go with a line against the wind. Then the snake will rise up again.

Kites of all countries are born of popular imagination; this always gives them a certain naivety. Ambroise Fleury's kites are no exception to the rule - even his latest creations, created in old age, bear this imprint of spiritual freshness and purity.

Romain Gary. Kites

"Monk"

The “Monk” kite is the simplest and most lightweight design. It can be launched in light wind conditions. It can rise to a height of 5–7 m.

The “Monk” is made from a sheet of paper measuring approximately 25 x 25 cm. The sheet is folded along line A-C, and then again in opposite directions along line A-E. After this, small wing corners are folded along the F-E line. A bridle and a thread rail are attached to the wings. A tail made of ribbon 50–70 cm long is attached to the lower part of the kite.

The history of the kite, the simplest aircraft created by man, goes back more than 2 thousand years. The first copies appeared in China, where paper was invented. They were in the form of butterflies, birds, beetles, human figures, but most often in the form of the traditional Chinese dragon.

A popular toy helped people master the sky

Serpent dragon in Ancient China was a rather complex structure of 20-30 conical paper rings, partially included in each other and forming a snake body wriggling in flight with four legs and wings bat and a horned head with bared fangs.

Built to fly

The wind penetrated the hollow body and inflated it, supporting it in the air. Sometimes, instead of cones, the design of the dragon's skeleton included round discs connected by cords. Each disc was crossed by a bamboo strip, at the end of which large feathers were attached. To enhance the effect, “snake music” was invented with the help of reed pipes, reminiscent of the howling of the wind in a chimney. Iron blades were often attached to the snakes, which vibrated in the wind, and the flying monsters made even stranger sounds. A string was attached to the dragon's mouth, and long silk ribbons were attached to the tail for beauty. The snakes with fireworks or lanterns were especially good. Kites also had great lifting power, and people flew on them for fun. However, all these traditions have been preserved in the Celestial Empire to this day.
Travelers from China Buddhist monks brought snakes to other Asian countries. They especially took root in Japan, where they established the production of excellent quality paper, bamboo and linen thread. Here snakes have become iconic “toys.” Every year on Children's Day, the Japanese hold a festival with snakes. The parents write their son's name on a kite decorated with the image of the legendary warrior Ushiwakamaru, and fly it along with everyone else. It is considered a good omen if your kite rises into the sky higher than the others. The boys themselves prefer another kind of fun - cutting the thread of their opponent's kite with the thread of their kite, that is, defeating him.
In Europe and the USA, the lifting power of kites began to be actively used during the Enlightenment, in the 18th century. For scientific purposes, the Englishman Wilson first raised a thermometer into the air, and Benjamin Franklin, with the help of “dragons,” proved the electrical nature of lightning. Russian genius Mikhail Lomonosov also used kites to study atmospheric electricity.

Prototypes of drones

Kites paved the way for aeronautics. In the 90s of the 19th century, scientist Lawrence Hargrave invented the first box kite, the flight qualities of which were much higher than those of ordinary flat-tailed kites. Its design was so stable that it did not require a tail. Hargrav carried out the first flight on a structure of four “boxes” with a total area of 22 square meters. This technology became the basis for the first biplane aircraft created by the Wright brothers, Bleriot, Voisin, and Santos-Du-mont.
In 1902, Russian officer Sergei Ulyanin created a special kite for the army with articulated wings that automatically increased the kite's area when the wind weakened. During the Russo-Japanese War, our army had snake units created to monitor enemy actions. The idea came in handy during the First World War, when, along with tethered balloons They began to use box kites for observation. Observers sitting in gondolas monitored the enemy's location and transmitted information by telephone, directing artillery fire. Snakes were safer - they were not as easily shot as balls. When it fell into one of the boxes, the snake did not fall like a stone, but smoothly descended, losing lift, and the man, descending from a height of 800 meters, remained alive.
Nowadays, kite flying is just a child's fun and sport. Competitions are held in three categories. First, precision flights are carried out, when the launcher must use his model to demonstrate the required figures in the air. Snakes draw figure eights, squares, and diamonds in the sky. Then there are free flights, when pilots string aerobatic maneuvers on top of each other, including those of their own invention. This is followed by an aerial ballet to music. This takes into account choreography, synchronization, tempo and clarity of execution of the figures.

The first thing you will see at any kite festival are the giant inflatable kites. Of course they are impressive, and not just for their size. These snakes are made with high precision from a large number of nylon or polyester panels, most often they represent sea creatures, in this image they are most impressive.

These kites are usually inflated from the front, using air intakes. Which are carefully disguised as appearance animal.

It takes a lot of time to create such kites, and therefore it is not surprising that they can be very expensive, prices for these creations reach up to a million rubles. Nevertheless, festival organizers are willing to present such kites at their shows because visitors really like them. Inflatable kites are an essential part of any festival, both in Europe and of course in Asia, where they are mixed with a huge number of modern and traditional kites.

Parafoils

The most common and simple of them are “wind socks”, the so-called sock moving in the wind, turbines and banners. You can see these kites among the giant ones at any kite show in Russia, Europe or Asia.

The design of the classic Parafoil consists of several surfaces divided into cells by vertical ribs. The cages have holes; when air flows in, it inflates the structure, putting pressure on the kite's cells. The largest of these kites can lift heavy objects, cameras, probes and even people into the air.

The Parafoil design consists of several surfaces divided into cells by vertical ribs. The cages have holes; when air flows in, it inflates the structure, putting pressure on the kite's cells.

Sometimes, to stabilize this kite in flight, it requires a large number of keels, partitions and other elements, by design this is one of the most complex kites. The reason for the popularity of this type of kite is that it can lift heavy objects to heights much more easily than any other kite of a similar size.

Delta kite

The next most common is, of course, delta kites. Most simple design this kite is a simple triangle

Despite its apparent simplicity, to make such a kite you need to have a fair amount of experience. But the launch is correct assembled structure even a child can handle it. Therefore, it would be good to buy your first kite of this particular shape. We often equip them with an additional tail, which stabilizes the flight in uneven wind conditions. As your skill increases, you can detach the tail for fast, dramatic flight.

(you will find many options of Delta kites in it)

Rokakku

From the point of view of the flight properties of this kite, it will give a big head start to Delta kites if we compare them in the same price category, in addition, they are more stable and reliable, this becomes especially noticeable when the wind speed approaches critical for kites. Like any decent Delta kite, these beauties do not need tails, because the presence of a tail makes it less maneuverable and smoother in flight.

Rokkaku originally appeared in Japan and was used not only as decoration but also as a weapon.

All types of box kites are constructed from a series of slats and fabric to create a honeycomb structure. The traditional simplest box kite is a structure of 2 closed cell boxes.

Most people can imagine what he looks like; these images are presented in many books and are familiar to us. Many modern kites are based on that old design and look great. Some designers have gone to great lengths to build amazing, complex designs, which use a simple box principle in flights….

Rotary kite

Enough rare view kites and the only kite that rotates in flight. Therefore, its flight is not similar to the flight of conventional air structures

The flight of a kite is based on the Mangus effect and even a weak and uneven wind is enough to fly such a design

One of the most interesting species kites. However, to cope with the flight, you will have to put in some effort

A kite has not one, but usually 2 or 4 control lines. Despite the fact that they generally fly much lower than their counterparts, they are certainly very attractive due to their constant change of direction, not to mention modern trend to super-bright color schemes.

Another type of stunt kite is aerobatic kite. They are named so because they were originally invented for training professional kiters and, in essence, are a small copy of them. Due to the fact that when folded they have absolutely little weight and size, and are also not afraid of damage when dropped, they are very popular

The art of giving gifts is one of the hallmarks of human society. A gift serves as an expression of our attitude towards loved ones and friends. Gifts made with your own hands will not require large material costs, but each of them reflects the generosity of the soul, a reverent attitude towards the person for whom we created a one-of-a-kind souvenir with love and diligence. As you know, the most grateful recipients of gifts are children. How much delight toys give them, especially if they are unusual, ones that others don’t have.

Hypothesis: how to give a gift to your little brother without getting into your parents' wallet?

Climate of the village Pavlofedorovka.

The village of Palofedorovka, Kirovsky district, is located in the central part of Primorsky Krai. The climate is moderate monsoon, with frosty winters (in January?25?40° C) and hot, humid summers (in July +25° +30°). average speed wind - 2.9 m. With increasing altitude, wind speed increases.

Wind speed for optimal kite launching:

1–2 m/s: only the lightest kites will fly;

2–4 m/s: good wind for beginners;

4–8 m/s: excellent conditions for flying any kite design;

8–11 m/s: good wind for specialists. Be more careful;

11–14 m/s: for specialists only.

So I chose a kite as a surprise gift for my brother.

Goal: make a kite by 05/12/2014. (brother's birthday is 20.05.)

Find layouts and drawings of the simplest kites on the Internet;

Determine what materials are needed to make a kite at home;

Enlist the help of dad to make and fly a kite (find out if he can even fly?);

Make a kite;

Launch a kite, adjust its flight;

Give a gift to your brother.

Main part

1. Kite design.

A kite is a tethered, heavier-than-air aircraft. It is supported in the air by wind pressure on a surface placed at a certain angle to the direction of wind movement and held by a rail from the ground.

1.1. Classification

According to the shape and structure of aerodynamic surfaces, they are distinguished:

Single-plane - the simplest designs. They have low lifting force and low wind resistance. Such snakes definitely need a tail - a cord with a weight attached to it.

Multiplanar - stacked, box-shaped and multi-cell from individual cells in the form of tetrahedrons or parallelepipeds. Their important feature is high stability.

Composite or group, consisting of a group of kites.

1.2. The main structural elements of a kite:

Stretched over a rigid frame or soft, without a frame, supporting (aerodynamic) surface made of fabric or paper;

A lifeline wound on a winch or reel (hemp rope, steel cable, strong thread);

Bridle for attaching a lifeline to the kite and stability organs (tail).

1.3. Ensuring sustainability.

1.3.1. Longitudinal stability is provided by the tail or the shape of the airfoil;

1.3.2. Transverse - by keel planes installed parallel to the tethering rope, or by the curvature and symmetry of the aerodynamic surface.

1.3.3. The stability of a kite's flight also depends on the position of the kite's center of gravity.

1.4. Types of kites:

Flat kite;

Box kite.

2. Making a “Monk” kite

The simplest kite is the “monk”. It is made from a square sheet of thick paper. The “monk” consists of a body, fetters, a tail and a thread with which it can be launched.

2.1. Manufacturing procedure

2.1.1. Cut a square out of paper with a side of 15-20 cm. Let's call its corners A, B, C, D.

2.1.2. Bend the sheet diagonally AC. Iron the fold with pressure so that the mark from it is clearly visible on the sheet.

2.1.3. Bend the corner with vertex B so that side AB aligns with side AC.

2.1.4. Now turn the workpiece over to the other side and bend the corner of the sheet with vertex D in the same way, with side AD aligned with line AC. Iron all folds.

2.1.5. Bend the corner of the sheet with vertices B and D and align sides EB and E'B with sides AE and AE'.

2.1.6. Iron all the folds again and unfold the sheet. The result was the body of a “monk”. Its wings BFE and DF'E' should be turned in different directions.

2.1.7. At points F and F' and at point C on the body, cut small holes so that the fetters can be attached. 2 strong threads are suitable for this. Their length should be equal to the height of the triangle FAF’.

2.1.8. Attach the tail to the hole at point C. It can be made from thick braid or tape 1.5-2 cm wide. The length of the tail should be 4-5 times the length of the AC side of the monk body. Thread the ribbon into the prepared hole, bend it and sew along the edges with thread.

2.1.9. Attach a strong thread to launch the kite. She is tied to the bonds exactly according to

middle. The thread should be quite long, it is best to wind it on a spool, then it will be much more convenient to fly the kite.

2.1.10. Paint the finished kite or cover it with various applications, then it will look even more beautiful.

Consistent production of the “Monk” body.

Attaching the fetters and tail “Monk”

2.2. Trial run

2.2.1. To make sure the kite flies well, I did a test run. They flew a kite, with dad, in an open space where there was no one nearby high-rise buildings, trees and power lines.

2.2.2. Dad held the kite, and moved away against the wind at a distance of 10–15 m, gradually unraveling the line. In my conventional sign Dad threw the kite up. The weather was windy, so he immediately soared up.

2.2.3. With a weak wind, we had to run some distance for the kite to gain height. When it began to stay well in the air, the thread was gradually released, and the kite, taking off, quickly gained altitude and soared steadily, slightly wobbling from side to side in flight. So we did it right.

2.3. Operating principle

A kite rises into the air due to the movement of air.

2.3.1. If you tie a thread to all four corners of the kite and tie them together, it will not fly even in a very strong wind. The fact is that the oncoming air flow will evenly press both on the surface of the kite and on the threads tied at the corners.

2.3.2. If you tie together only three of the four threads, then when the snake moves, it will be positioned at a slight angle to the surface of the earth - the “angle of attack”. The force of air resistance will pull the kite back and cause it to rise into the air. The lifting force is determined by several quantities at once: the “angle of attack”, the pressure of the oncoming air and the size of the kite.

2.3.3. The center of gravity of the kite should be located on the axis of its symmetry - the longitudinal line of the kite's body, which divides it into two equal parts.

2.3.4. The tethers, or lines, that are attached to the kite to provide its “angle of attack” must be carefully selected in length and attached to the body in certain places. If this rule is violated, it will either not rise into the air at all, or will fly poorly, wobbling from side to side.

2.3.5. The tail of the snake also plays a big role. This is not so much a decoration of the structure as a device designed to control it. If the tail is not adjusted correctly, the kite will either not take off at all or will fly unstably.

2.4. Possible disadvantages

2.4.1. When launched, the kite spins to the right or left. This means that the thread is not attached in the middle.

2.4.2. If, even after eliminating this shortcoming, the “monk” continues to spin, you need to pay attention to its tail - it is either too small or too light. It is very simple to check this: tie a bunch of grass or a sliver of wood to it - if the snake has leveled its course, then the tail needs to be lengthened. Another way out of the situation would be to attach various decorations in the form of bows, butterflies, and pompoms.

2.4.3. If the tail is too heavy, the kite also has trouble taking off and gaining altitude. In this case, the tail needs to be lightened by cutting off a small piece from it or removing decorations.

3. Making a flat kite

A flat snake has a more complex structure compared to a monk.” According to their shape, snakes are distinguished in the form of a rectangle, an isosceles triangle, a regular or elongated polygon, etc.

The main parts of a flat kite: body, fetters, tail, threads (cord). If desired, snakes can be equipped with a ratchet.

3.1. Calculation of a flat kite

A square-shaped kite has all sides of its body, naturally, equal. For a rectangular kite, the smaller side of the body should be 3/4 the length of its larger side. For a kite in the form of an isosceles triangle, the length of its body should be approximately one and a half times greater than its width (the base of this triangle). For kites in the form of elongated pentagons or hexagons, the length of the sides should be equal to the width of the body. The length of the body is made one and a half times greater than its width.

Flat kite shapes

Size ratio

3.2. The body of a flat kite consists of a lightweight wooden frame and sheathing. Materials for making the frame: willow manhole (rods), reed stems, thin bamboo slats, shingles made of pine, birch, linden, and best of all, window beads. I used window glazing beads.

3.3. I cut the trim to these dimensions and glued the body slats onto it. First, glue the slats along the edges of the sheathing, and then onto the intersecting slats. I used a variety of glue: carpenter's glue, casein glue, BF, etc. The ends of the slats should protrude 3–4 cm beyond the edges of the casing. I tied the intersecting slats with threads at all corners of the body.

Housing assembly

3.4. When the body was dry, I bent the rail AB, leaving the skin on the outside, and fixed this deflection with a thread stretched between the ends of the bent rail

3.5. You can install a ratchet on the tightening thread. During the flight of the kite under the influence of air currents, the ratchet will quickly rotate on the attached thread and crack. The size of the ratchet should be made so that when rotating, it does not touch the body of the kite.

3.6. I tied a thread of such length to the corners of the body at the intersection of the slats (points A and B) that the middle of the thread, when tensioned, reached the center of the kite body at point O. This way I will get the upper lines.

3.7. Then, at point O of the body, I pierced two holes (on both sides of the sheet at the intersection of the central slats), threaded a thread into the holes and tied it tightly around the slats. The length of this lower line is equal to the distance on the body from point O to the middle of the rail AB. Having tied the lower line in the middle of the upper one, I got fetters. At the point where the lines connect, I tied a cord for starting. The fetters were attached to the kite body from the side of the casing, so that the air currents during the flight of the kite would press the casing against the glued slats of the body.

3.8. Making the tail.

The tail consists of the tail itself and its undertail, which will require a braid or strip of cotton fabric 1.5–2 cm wide. The undertail is tied with threads to the lower corners of the kite’s body (at points C and D). I sewed a tail to the undertail in the middle. The tail halves CM and DM must be equal, otherwise the kite will spin in flight.

3.9. Kite adjustment.

If the kite does not take off or takes off but does not gain altitude, it means its tail is heavy. In this case, it is necessary to shorten the tail.

If, after shortening the tail, the kite still does not gain height, you should change the length of the lower line of the fetters.

If during flight the kite wags either to the right or to the left, you need to check the equality of the lengths of the upper lines and the tail. If everything is in order here, it means the tail length is short.

To check, I tied a small bunch of dry grass to the tail. I came to the conclusion: if after this the kite begins to gain height better and does not spin in flight, you need to remove this additional weight and lengthen the tail. With proper adjustment, the kite should take off well, quickly gain altitude and go into the distance as the thread on which it is launched unravels. At the same time, it will float in height, slightly wagging from side to side. The threads for making the bonds must be strong, otherwise the kite will simply come off under the pressure of the wind. The fetters and tail for flat kites of other shapes are made in the same way.

Possible kite design.

Possible kite design

4. Precautions

4.1. Never fly kites near power lines.

Electrical wires are very dangerous to life. Electricity passing through our body into the ground can be fatal.

4.2. Never fly kites during a thunderstorm.

A kite flown during a thunderstorm can attract lightning and become a lightning rod. It is unlikely that this can be survived.

4.3. Never fly kites near people or animals.

This can frighten both people and animals. It is very interesting to watch dogs when they are chasing a kite, but sooner or later the wind will become weaker and the dog, having caught the kite, will nullify all your efforts.

4.4. Never fly kites near airports.

In many countries around the world, this is prohibited. IN North America, for example, it is prohibited to fly kites closer than 6-10 km to airports.

4.5. Wear sunglasses on sunny days.

Long exposure sun rays may cause damage to unprotected eyes. Always wear sunglasses when launching on a sunny day, even if you are not facing the sun. Also be sure to apply sunscreen to protect your skin.

4.6. Never fly kites over or near highways.

Kites can distract car drivers, which can cause an accident. Roads for cars, parks and beaches for kites.

5. A little history

Kites are probably the very first flying machines taken into the air by man four thousand years ago. The ancient Chinese and Japanese were the first to learn how to make them. Colorful kites were used mainly to decorate festivals. They were given the appearance of birds, butterflies or unprecedented animals, but the flying dragon, considered in the East as a symbol of power and prosperity, looked especially impressive.

In Russia, the ancient toy was not just used for fun. For example, the Kiev prince Oleg, going to war against Constantinople in 906, used kites to intimidate the enemy. Together with the people, entire hordes of air “riders” and “horses” moved to storm the city, so that the courage of the defenders of Constantinople was shaken.

In the early twentieth century, kites were used more and more for practical purposes. They were used to lift meteorological instruments, radio antennas, and aerial photography equipment into the air. In this case, such qualities of kites as simplicity of design, fairly large load capacity, and the height to which they are capable of rising were put at the service of man.

Kites contributed to the creation of radio. A.S. Popov used snakes to raise antennas to considerable heights.

It is important to note the use of kites in the development of early airplanes. In particular, A.F. Mozhaisky, before starting construction of his aircraft, conducted a series of tests with kites pulled by a team of horses. Based on the results of these tests, the dimensions of the aircraft were chosen, which should provide it with sufficient lifting force.

In 1848 K.I. Konstantinov developed a system for rescuing ships in distress near the shore using kites. During the First World War, troops from various countries used kites to lift artillery fire observers and reconnaissance of enemy positions to heights.

With the development of aeronautics and aircraft, kites began to be used exclusively for entertainment and sporting purposes.

IN last years The so-called aerobatic kites were developed - specially shaped kites controlled by two handrails. An aerobatic kite, unlike any other, is capable of free gliding in the air, which provides its special properties. They are designed to perform a set of aerobatic maneuvers of varying complexity. Kiting is also developing - a sport in which an athlete moves around the terrain with the help of a kite.

The use of a kite allows you to use opportunities inaccessible to a traditional sail:

The second Sunday in October is World Kite Day, on this day kite lovers all over the world fly their flying “pets”.

6. Conclusion

During the work I learned a lot about kites. Together with my dad, I made a gift for my beloved brother. I found all the necessary materials at home. And when I saw the joy of my brother, holding the kite by the thread as it soared into the clouds, I realized that my work had not been in vain. According to my drawings, five classmates made kites and we staged aerial battles. On the second Sunday of October, our family will now have another wonderful holiday - World Kite Day.