What you need to know about furniture upholstery foam. Foam density. Types and purpose of foam rubber Foam rubber substitute for upholstered furniture

When choosing upholstered furniture attention should be paid to exterior finish and filler. So that the operation of products does not require expensive replacement of materials, you need to carefully consider the choice of foam rubber. With the right choice, it will last long time and stay flexible.

Advantages and disadvantages

The material is a polyurethane foam consisting of many cells containing air. Raw materials are used to provide softness and resilience to various items. It is this filler that many manufacturers use in the manufacture of upholstered chairs and sofas. Such popularity is due to the following advantages:

in the production of the filler, processing mixtures and additives are not used, so it is safe for humans. The material does not emit harmful substances and does not provoke allergies, therefore it can be used for the manufacture of children's furniture;
polyurethane foam is resistant to fungus due to moisture resistance. Even with high humidity in the room, mold spores do not appear inside it;
material is used in various temperature conditions and retains its characteristics in the range from -40 to +100 degrees;
in comparison with other fillers, foam rubber has excellent soundproofing properties and is able to absorb noise;
the product has both elasticity and resilience. It bends under the weight of a person, and after a while again restores its shape.

An additional plus of the products is the affordable price. It is due to this feature that all foam rubber upholstered furniture is distinguished by a budget price.

Like a number of other materials, foam rubber has some disadvantages:

short service life - 7 years of daily operation;
when burned, they are released into the atmosphere harmful substances.

In general, polyurethane foam is characterized positively: its dense structure is great for chairs, sofas, corners, banquettes and other types of upholstered furniture.

Varieties of foam rubber

The material is widely used in furniture production. Due to its properties, polyurethane foam is used for the manufacture of mattresses, chairs. Products differ in their density:

standard. Produced on the basis of one substance - the base polyol. Other products use two types of components to give them various properties. Standard grades are used in the manufacture of headrests and armrests. The average density of products is 25-30 kg per cubic meter. m;
increased rigidity. In the production of the product, special polyols are used, which provide it with increased rigidity. The density of the material depends on the additives used. If the product has a density index of less than 30 kg / m³, it is used for the manufacture of mattresses and seats. If the parameter is greater than the specified figure, the raw material is suitable for the production of items with high loads;
highly elastic. The density of the foam rubber is more than 30 kg/m³, it can withstand a weight of about 120 kg. This type of product is used in the manufacture of mattresses.

In addition, there are soft and super soft materials. They are made of polyurethane with softening properties. In some cases, special additives are used to provide a viscous structure and incombustibility. In this case, the composition contains flame retardant, melamine and special polyols.

Quality Options

To find out the quality of the material used for manufacturing, you should pay attention to the following indicators:

strength;
density;
marking;
compressive stress;
degree of comfort;
elasticity;
residual deformation.

Each of these options should be considered in more detail. Its purpose depends on the density of the foam rubber. The higher the parameter, the greater the load it withstands and the more durable it is in operation.

Strength depends on two characteristics: the degree of elongation of the material before breaking and the force to make it. If the density is 25 kg/m³, then the breaking force is 130 kPa and the elongation is about 260%.

The compressive stress indicates the amount of force that must be applied to compress the sample. Rigid types are sometimes artificially strongly compressed to improve performance, and when cells with air are opened, the product returns to its structure.

The elasticity of products is determined by dropping a special test ball. When it hits the surface of the foam mat, the degree of rebound is set: if it rebounds high, then the product is rigid and has less elasticity.

To determine the permanent deformation, the sample is strongly compressed and left in this state under the influence of a certain humidity and temperature. After a certain period of time, the sample is measured and compared with established standards. Rigid material has little permanent deformation.

Comfort level indicators are also determined in two ways: there are support and comfort coefficients. These criteria depend on the softness of the material and the distribution of the load over the surface.

Appointment of different brands of foam rubber for furniture

There is a classification for the use of foam rubber in furniture production. Designations are indicated in Latin letters:

HL and EL - indicate the material is hard and increased rigidity;
ST - standard products;
HR - products of highly elastic type;
HS - soft and ultra soft variety;
LR - indicates the viscous and soft structure of the foam mats;
RTC - these symbols denote reticulated porous polyurethane foam.

In addition to Latin letters, manufacturers use numbers. The first two indicate the density of the foam rubber, the remaining two indicate the compressive stress. For example, if there is an EL 2545 marking, then this means:

material of increased rigidity;
density is 25 kg/m³;
compression stress - 4.5 kPa.

Selection rules

Before selecting furniture foam rubber, its purpose should be determined. For example, when choosing foam rubber for a sofa, you need to pay attention to markings with a density parameter of more than 28 kg / m³ and more. If you order furniture with a less dense material, there is a risk that the life of the item will decrease.

check the thickness of the product: in the manufacture of upholstered furniture, it must be at least 3 cm;
learn about the elasticity and rigidity of the foam rubber: a more rigid version is used for the seats than in the production of armrests or headrests;
some types of material do not hold their shape at all, which indicates their poor quality, so be sure to check this indicator to make sure the item is reliable;
ask what additives were used in the manufacture of raw materials to prevent allergies to certain components, especially when choosing children's furniture.

Pay attention to the marking: it will inform you about the features of the selected filler. No need to save on foam rubber, because a quality product will be the key to the durability of furniture.

Often, upholstered furniture becomes uncomfortable after a while. Holes or bumps appear on your favorite sofa. The reason for this is poor quality filler or improper use of furniture. If the thing is good, you should not get rid of it. It can be restored, it is enough to purchase a new filler, change the upholstery, pick up the right tools and spend some time. The main thing is to choose the right foam rubber.

The internal filling of upholstered furniture is very important, since the convenience and comfort of the product depends on it.

Such a filler is more often used in the production of upholstered furniture - armchairs, sofas, mattresses. Filling furniture is of paramount importance, it will depend on how convenient and comfortable you are.

Which foam rubber to choose for a sofa depends on how the sofa will be used most often.

The "stuffing" for a sofa of expensive brands consists of highly elastic foam rubber and latex of natural origin

In order for the sofa to serve for a long time after restoration, it is necessary to decide which filler better fit For repair work. Foam rubber must meet the conditions.

Profiled foam rubber is a sheet of polyurethane foam with a three-dimensional pattern applied to the surface

Density is mentioned above, and indicators such as hardness and softness are selected individually.

Different types of furniture polyurethane foam are designed for a particular type of furniture

There are several types of filler.

Having increased hardness.
Solid.
Soft.
Increased elasticity with orthopedic properties.
Increased elasticity, with greater comfort.

A variety of foam rubber options for upholstered furniture in rolls of various densities and thicknesses

If you are buying furniture as a bed, choose the last two of the listed types. They cost a bit more, but they are perfect for sleeping.

Foam blank for replacing sofa elements

The main indicators of the quality of furniture foam rubber

When choosing foam rubber, first of all, it is necessary to pay attention to its main characteristics - the thickness and density of the material

The subsequent physiological qualities greatly influence the quality factor and purpose of the foam rubber.

Molded polyurethane foam - these are ready-made sofa parts

On a note. In the definition of the brand of filler, there are letters indicating its class, and numbers - the first two indicate its density, the next two indicate the compressive strength. For example, the EL 2535 brand stands for: EL is a high rigidity brand, 25 is a compaction of 25 kg per cubic meter, 35 is a compressive strength of 3.5 kPa.

Varieties of foam rubber by density

Appointment of various brands of furniture foam rubber

Types and brands of foam rubber for the manufacture of upholstered furniture

Furniture foam rubber ST (standard hardness) is one of the most common materials for filling upholstered furniture parts.

Furniture foam El of increased rigidity with equal volume has greater rigidity than ST

Available a large number of brands of filler, which makes it possible to make right choice not only to ordinary buyers, but also to furniture manufacturers. Let's consider the main ones.

ST - regular (densification is - 16-35 kg per cubic meter)	Due to the low price, most manufacturers use it directly. But the service life of such a filler will be a year. Such furniture is suitable for giving.
EL - high rigidity (densification - 25-40 kg per cubic meter)	The filler should not be used for upholstered furniture.
HL - solid (densification - 25-40 kg per cubic meter)	This type is used for office and home furniture. Suitable for those who prefer to relax on a hard surface. For children, this filler should not be used.
HS - soft (densification - 20-45 kg per cubic meter)	Furniture with such a filler is used for relaxation and as a bed.
HR - increased elasticity (densification - 30-50 kg per cubic meter)	Ideal for upholstered furniture. Foam rubber has a second name - artificial latex, since this component is added during its production.
HR* - increased elasticity with a high level of comfort (compactness - 30-55 kg per cubic meter)	The most optimal option in the manufacture of upholstered furniture.

High rigidity foam HL4065 is a hard filler for seats and mattresses, indispensable in the production of intensively used furniture

Furniture foam rubber HS 3530 has soft properties and is suitable for a bed

Latex foam brand HR - artificial material with a high degree of elasticity

Features of upholstery of upholstered furniture

Furniture during operation becomes unsuitable for further use, and to purchase a new one is not always possible. Basically, the upholstery is washed, faded, torn - it all depends on how quality material. Sofas trimmed with leatherette can become unusable within a few months. How to be in such a situation?

The appearance of the sofa has changed dramatically after the restoration

Today, everywhere there is such a service as the restoration of upholstered furniture at the owner's home, so you can make a new one out of an old sofa. After all, you will not only change the upholstery, but also repair many details.

Upholstered sofa before and after reupholstering and filling in seat cushions

If you have a pet that has ruined the upholstery, this problem can be solved in the above way. Of course, the work of a specialist is not a cheap pleasure. You can replace the upholstery with your own hands. As a rule, each detail is worked separately. If you are not satisfied with these options, you can purchase a special furniture cover in stores - this will preserve the original coating and increase its service life.

Beautiful case for corner sofa will help to fit the existing furniture into any interior

Of course, any things must be treated carefully, so if there are various stains, we try to remove them immediately. But this is not always the case, especially when there are small children in the house. Leather-coated furniture is much easier to care for than textiles - this material has water-repellent properties. Therefore, at the time of cleaning, it is enough to wipe with a cloth.

We remove stains from upholstered furniture in affordable ways

From this article, you learned a lot about foam rubber, if you decide to change the filler in the sofa, it will not be difficult for you to choose the right option.

Foam rubber - a modern filler for furniture

Video: Furniture foam rubber VE5020 memory (memory) - with memory

What filler better for sofa choose? The answer to this question will depend on the desired degree of rigidity and on the purpose of this piece of furniture. For example, if you choose, then the characteristics of its internal filling will differ significantly from the characteristics of the sofa filler, which will stand in the living room or. From what will be under the upholstery, there will be depend And life time your furniture. Let's take a closer look at all the possible options.

1. Spring block

This option used already many years and to this day has a demand and popularity among consumers. His main advantage is high level comfort, correct and even distribution of the weight of a person both in a sitting and lying position. There are two kind spring fillers: dependent, which is called "Bonnel" And independent – "Pocketspring".

To the main benefits spring blocks include:

Long service life with proper quality of performance;
Reliability;
Ability withstand significant loads;
Surface sofa will be flat, without dents;
Elasticity and sufficient rigidity, which can be selected depending on the number of springs and their density;
Possibility of free air circulation, which will prevent the appearance of various insects;
orthopedic properties, which will appreciate your spine.

Flaws, of course there are also:

Over time it may appear creak;
Independent blocks have high cost;
If one or more springs break, repair Maybe get by enough expensive;

2. Polyurethane foam

PPU- This synthetic, highly porous foam material, which is obtained by mixing several synthetic polymers.
In terms of its density, it can surpass materials such as rubber and rubber. This indicator also affects the quality of products made of polyurethane foam. For furniture, polyurethane foam is usually used with an indicator of 30 to 40 kg per square meter. The higher this indicator, the more durable there will be a product. Material with an indicator of less than 30 units is used only for the manufacture decorative pillows. To find out what filler density your chosen model has, you need to ask passport on the product. For factory furniture, this parameter will be indicated. Production technology This material is quite simple, which has a positive effect on its cost.

Distinguish two kinds PPU:

For the manufacture of various elements of the sofa, sheets of various degrees of rigidity are also used. PPU products do not tolerate direct hits sun rays. Under their influence, they can crumble, so mattresses made of this material additionally protect with covers from opaque fabric. An interesting feature some formulations of PPU is that they have shape memory effect. From it, usually, which remember the contours of the human body and adapt to them as much as possible. But as soon as you get up, the pillow will instantly return to its original state.

A product filled with high-quality polyurethane foam at a cost will more accessible than block "Pocket Spring" and in terms of their properties and level of comfort are approximately the same. This mattress can also be used for sleep."Bonnel" will be cheaper than both of these options and significantly worse in terms of technical characteristics.

TO benefits PPU can be classified as:

Long term operation;
Absolute safety and environmental friendliness of the material;
Good balance of softness / hardness;
Air- And moisture permeability;
Material does not provoke allergic reactions;
Does not accumulate dust;
Rapid shape recovery after deformation due to high elasticity;
Ability withstand heavy loads for a long time.

disadvantages this material has a significant less:

Cheap PPU quickly loses its elastic properties, due to which dents will soon appear in places of greatest stress:
Some types of PUR may seem pretty tough compared to the spring block.

3. Sintepon

Very common material used as filler inexpensive models. It is a synthetic material in the form of a non-woven fabric. It is made from polyester fibers. The best option will use it in combination with other types of filler. He usually serves as an intermediate layer between a full-fledged filler material, such as PU foam, and upholstery. He attaches finished product extra softness and elasticity. TO benefits sintepon include:

Low price;
Environmental friendliness material, thanks to which, it is not prone to appearing inside the fibers;
Despite the synthetic origin, synthetic winterizer does not cause allergies and can be used as a filler even for;
His structure elastic and elastic.

Despite all the positive qualities, he has a number significant disadvantages:

The most basic is short operating period. At active use and frequent loads, this material loses its elastic properties, and dents and irregularities quickly form on the surface of the product. Therefore, despite the affordable cost, furniture filled with synthetic winterizer will last a very short period.
On this moment there is no single technology for the production of this material. Therefore, you risk poor quality product in the manufacture of which harmful substances could be used. To avoid this, be sure to ask the seller for a product certificate that can confirm its safety.
As a full-fledged filler, it can only be used for pillows or armrests, in some cases - for the back, in order to give it decorative curves or ledges. For example, if the back of the sofa is made using the “carriage tie” technology;
With time goes astray in lumps.

After evaluating the advantages and disadvantages, we can conclude that such a material is better suited for sofa which will be used in living room.

4. Periotek

This modern non-woven material, which is made up of high quality polyester fibers. It is increasingly used for the manufacture of mattresses and various bedding, as well as for filling. Thanks to special additives in the form of artificial components (for example, corn fibers, bamboo or viscose), or natural fibers (wool, coconut, linen or cotton), this material has high strength and elasticity. Along with these indicators, the service life of products with such a filler also increases.
To strengthen Perioteka can additionally be used knitted fabric - dublerin, non-woven single-stitched or needle-punched fabric or woven fabric, such as coarse calico. To understand exactly what components are included in the composition, and what indicator of rigidity this filler can provide, he has a special label. It also indicates the density and width.

To obtain this, while unusual for us, material is used special technology. It lies in the formation three various layers. First layer - the main one, it must bear the entire load. Its fibers are laid in a vertical direction and are fixed in this position under the influence of high temperature. Second And third layer perform the function of reinforcement. They strengthen and support the first layer. Such unique structure and explains the high technological performance of this type of filler.

Advantages perioteca are obvious:

The material is hypoallergenic;
In its structure reproduction is impossible harmful and disease-causing microorganisms;
He is completely safe for human health. This is due to the fact that its composition does not contain glue, resins and other components that can be toxic. The fibers are held together under the influence of temperature.
Periotheque mattresses provide a very high level of comfort;
Capable of regaining shape small residual deformation even with prolonged exposure to significant loads;
Index its elasticity and mass distribution similar independent spring block;
Durability, thanks to the three-layer reinforced structure;
breathability;
Fire safety.

TO shortcomings can be attributed:

Price, which is equal to the cost of the "Pocket spring" block.
This material is ideal for filling upholstered furniture, but for some it may seem too tough. In such cases, it is used as the main, elastic layer, and softer materials are additionally used to achieve a lower degree of rigidity.

This sofa can use for daily sleep. After all, the degree of its deformation is practically minimized.

5. Struttofiber

One of the most resilient types of modern fillers, which is ideal for filling upholstered furniture. His second name "non-woven independent springs", speaks for itself. It is made from synthetic and natural fibers such as cotton, linen, coconut, camel hair, or combinations thereof. Manufacturing technology resembles the process of obtaining periotec. The fibers of the carrier layer are also stacked in a vertical position and fixed with a very hot air stream. This technology is called "strutto". Thereby, finished material possesses the increased indicators of elasticity and wear resistance.
He maximum exactly capable take contours body and prevent problems with the musculoskeletal system. Struttofiber has a number of significant advantages:

He not subject to decay;
Term his exploitation very large;
Due to the increased elasticity, it is better than other fillers restores shape after prolonged exertion;
Withstands large weight;
Does not absorb moisture;
Do not support process burning;
breathable;
In this material appearance is impossible dust ticks and other microorganisms
Hypoallergenic;
Does not produce extra noise and squeaks;
It has acceptable cost.

Required correct selection stiffness for different weight categories, for example:

Filler with high hardness index recommended for people weighing 90 kg or more;
Average level rigidity withstands loads weighing from 60 kg to 90 kg;
Soft the filler is recommended for use by people whose weight does not exceed 60 kg.

Due to such weight restrictions, there may be difficulties when choosing in the elderly, who are uncomfortable sleeping or sitting on a hard surface, but whose weight exceeds the allowable norms.

6. Felt and padded jacket

Felt is nonwoven fabric natural origin, which is obtained from felted goat or sheep wool. The structure of these types of wool allows you to get a very dense material, the formation of which uses high-temperature pressing. It is rolled through hot cylinders, after which a fairly strong and hard crust is obtained on both sides of the sheet. Felt is produced in the form of panels, which have different thicknesses.
Vatnik represents composition from cotton wool, the layer of which has a thickness of 5 cm and thick fabric that covers it on both sides. It can be packing, bag, gauze fabric or technical calico. To connect all the layers to each other, use a machine stitch with dense threads at a certain interval. IN quality 100% filler upholstered furniture, these two materials are not commonly used due to their excessive density. However, the felt serves as protective layer for spring or PPU blocks, thereby making their surface more wear-resistant and protecting against punching. This significantly increases the service life of products. The padded jacket is used as intermediate layer between fillers. It is used to increase the comfort and convenience of a bed. These materials have many advantages:

protective properties, which increase the service life of upholstered furniture;
Natural Ingredients in the composition, which allow the use of this filler even for small children's sofas;
High density and wear resistance;
Affordable price;
Hypoallergenic;
Opportunity uniform load distribution;
Fine regulates heat.
Smooth surface even after many years of use.

to essential shortcomings relate:

In natural wool wind up insects and other pests
This cover is good. absorbs moisture and can quickly moldy because of which it must be constantly dried, which is extremely problematic to do when it comes to sofa fillers.

7. Holofiber

It can be said that this improved synthetic winterizer. It looks like fluffy balls small sizes, which are formed from polyester spiral fibers of polyester and have many internal pores.
Thanks to spiral structure it has the main advantage, which is very much appreciated when choosing a filler for upholstered furniture, - it is able to quickly restore its shape after prolonged loads. However, he remains very soft and warm. It is actively used as a filler. sofa cushions and seats. If holofiber in the form of balls is used for pillows, then a special furniture material. It looks like a mat with the same spiral structure. It is very thick, resilient, and retains its shape well.
Today it is considered one of the most quality fillers. This is due to the large list positive qualities:

Absolute safety and environmental friendliness, which makes it possible to use it to fill children's furniture;
Does not cause allergic reactions;
It has light weight;
Does not absorb odors;
Not absorbs and does not collect on its surface dust;
Easily changes and restores shape;
In him Not may form harmful microorganisms;
Possesses high softness and elasticity;
Does not absorb moisture;
breathable;
Does not roll;
Does not support combustion;
It has long term services.

Essential shortcomings this material not found. Is that a higher cost than that of a synthetic winterizer.

8. Foam rubber

Most accessible at the cost and the most low quality filler type. Foam rubber is the same polyurethane foam, but the lowest quality and lowest density. Therefore, it is a mistake to assume that these are two different material. Very often sellers can deceive customers claiming that it is not. In fact, they differ only in their characteristics. By the way, the thickness of the foam does not affect the degree of its rigidity. Even a tall sheet can easily wrinkle and be very porous, while a thin sheet is able to instantly restore its shape. Foam rubber rarely used as a filler for soft sofas.
Unless, for their armrests or formers. It has found its use as a material for .

His positive sides This:

Low price;
Safety for good health;
antistatic properties;
Hypoallergenic;
Fine breathable and moisture;
Not opportunity mold formation.

Flaws, unfortunately very important:

fragility;
Poor quality foam very fast loses elasticity why dents form on the surface;
With time shrinks And crumbles;
Not intended for filling furniture which is subject to heavy use.

As you can see, such a filler will become unusable very quickly, and your sofa will quickly lose its aesthetic appearance.

9. Latex

It's a filler natural origin, which is used in expensive models of upholstered furniture. It is made from rubber plant juice which greatly increases its cost. At vulcanization latex, it is possible to obtain a structure that has a lot of cells that contribute to the penetration of air and are responsible for hygroscopicity. Production technology latex, which is used in the furniture industry, is quite simple. The latex mixture is poured into a container in which it is constantly mixed and foams after a certain period of time. After that, it is poured into special molds and at a temperature of 100 ° C, the vulcanization process takes place. The resulting blank is taken out of the mold, cleaned of unnecessary foam residues and dried at a temperature of 120°C. After that, the sheets are tested for stiffness, weighed, packaged and shipped to furniture factory.Due to the fact that rubber in its natural form does not tolerate hits fat, ultraviolet And collapses from this, in the production of a latex mixture, special stabilizing additives. Thus, the maximum proportion of natural rubber in latex foam is no more than 85%. Such a product is considered completely natural. In terms of requirements for filler For soft furniture, then the allowable latex content is 45-60%. This indicator is quite enough to obtain the required level of strength, elasticity and wear resistance. If you are not limited in finances and prefer to use pieces of furniture from natural materials, we recommend that you pay attention to this type of filler.
He has next advantages:

Lifetime is about 20 years;
Does not cause allergic reactions;
breathable;
Maximum exactly follows contours body;
Capable dampen vibration;
Distributes the load evenly due to which it has orthopedic properties;
Non-toxic;
Very quickly regains shape.

TO shortcomings can only be attributed high cost, which is due to the specifics of production and the components used. There is also artificial latex. So called highly elastic polyurethane foam. To don't be deceived you need to know that the natural filler has a grayish tint, and to the touch it seems greasy. While synthetic has a yellowish tint and is dry to the touch.

10. Durafil

This material has structure, which, according to indicators similar to the spring block. This is a high-quality non-woven fabric, which is made from hollow polyester fibers by heat treatment and gluing the fibers to the base. His fibers located vertically and, as it were, grow out of the base, resembling grass. This structure allows you to achieve high elasticity, combined with softness and splendor.
This material perfect fits For filling sofas, giving their backs and seats volume and attractive appearance. Such furniture looks very cozy and comfortable, and in fact it is. His advantages make this material more popular every day:

Hypoallergenic material that does not contain substances that can cause even the slightest allergic reaction;
Do not support process burning. This is due to the peculiarity of production, in which it undergoes special heat treatment and loses combustible properties. It can char, deform or collapse completely, but not ignite.
High elasticity, which was achieved thanks to vertically directed individual fibers. This structure is actively resists the load upon the disappearance of which, the fibers instantly tend to take their original position.
This material does not accumulate dust;
sustainable to moisture and temperature changes;
Possesses antimicrobial properties;
Has a pleasant softness which makes it popular in the furniture industry;
Long service life.

disadvantages this material so far not found. And based on the list positive qualities, we can conclude that a sofa with such a filler can be used as a full-fledged sleeping area.

11. Lamels

Do not forget that if you are looking for a sofa that can play the role of a bed, then in order to achieve orthopedic properties and extending its service life, it is necessary to choose models that additionally equipped with slats. Of course, this is not a filler, but only an additional support for him, which is very helpful. slats represent planks of veneered wood, which have a slightly curved shape. This design allows you to compensate for the load and provide correct position body. Under pressure, they bend, allowing you to evenly distribute the load.
The material used is birch, poplar or beech. The thickness of the lamellas is 2-10 mm. It is clear that the thicker this element and the more often it is located on the frame, the stronger and more durable it will be. disadvantage lamellas is that if they break they cannot be repaired. However, almost everyone can buy a new one and replace it on their own. Especially considering their low cost and the possibility of acquiring even one piece.

12. Leader among fillers according to various evaluation criteria

We have listed quite a few various options fillers and you are probably already a little confused. To make it clear summarize and select the most suitable types depending on different requirements.

Average indicators for the duration of operation

When using the sofa as a bed

For sitting with a constant and intense load

When choosing a sofa, keep in mind that they are often used combined fillers, which make it possible to achieve optimal performance stiffness/comfort and price/quality ratio. Be sure to ask the seller more about all types of fillers used. Ask certificates, that confirm the safety of materials. AND the most important- be sure to sit or lie down on the selected sofa. You should be comfortable and comfortable on it. In this case, you will be satisfied with the purchase.

For many consumers, the discovery will be the fact that foam rubber and polyurethane foam are one and the same! Correct name material - soft polyurethane foam (PPU). A few decades ago, it was supplied to the Soviet Union by the Norwegian company Porolon, so the name became a household name.

General filler requirements:

Elasticity and elasticity.
Restoring shape after stress.

Hence the often skeptical attitude towards foam rubber products: they are short-lived, quickly “sag”, the old foam rubber crumbles. Its main disadvantage is combustibility, when burning, poisonous gas is released.

The qualitative characteristics of the material changed at the end of the 20th century, when various additives were added to the composition, which affected the density, elasticity, flammability, etc. Now PPU is used in the manufacture of the vast majority of mattresses.

Which one is used

The material is used in a variety of fields, for different needs selected for certain characteristics. For mattresses, the density of foam rubber is important, the service life of the product depends on it. Use polyurethane foam with a density of 25 to 40 kg/m 3 . The density is indicated with two digits after two letters in the name, the next two digits indicate the stiffness index.

Mattresses are made from the following grades of foam rubber:

Damage to foam mattresses

Is there any harm to health from polyurethane foam mattresses? Foam rubber mattresses have been made for decades, and disputes over their harmfulness will not subside. And there are reasons for these disputes: synthetic "origin" and low orthopedic properties. Reviews of polyurethane foam mattresses can be viewed.

The material is made from synthetic components. They emit volatile substances with an unpleasant "chemical" smell. And some cheap models made in violation of technology retain it for a long time, or even the smell does not disappear at all. The released substances are hazardous to health, just like those that come out when a mattress burns. But it has not been proven how harmful the released substances are in a minimal amount.

On the video - the density of the foam rubber for the mattress:

Harm has not been proven, so polyurethane is the most common material for the production of mattresses.

Its advantages contribute to this:

Does not burn on its own. Combustion is supported by another source of fire.
Quickly restores shape.
For many, affordable.
Low thermal conductivity.
Vapor proof.
Waterproof.
Easy to transport.
Easy care.

The harm of foam mattresses also lies in low orthopedic properties. Doctors insist that the bed should be hard enough. Therefore, mattresses are supplied with an independent block of springs, a layer of coconut coir and other “devices”. And the usual foam version is often soft, bends a lot, which leads to a curvature of the spine. The body does not always rest well on the soft, in the morning there may be numbness of the limbs, stiffness of the muscles, tingling in them. As a result, at least - poor health and bad mood. And the maximum - problems with the spine.

Dimensions

The size of the mattress should match the size of the bed.

There can be a significant difference in the sizes of products from different manufacturers. For example, in the United States, it is customary to indicate the dimensions of mattresses in inches. For beds made according to European standards, an American mattress will not work. Hence the recommendation: choose a mattress and a bed from the same manufacturing country, and ideally from the same manufacturer.

Mattresses are available for children and adults. But what size should a standard mattress be? The standard sizes of a double mattress for adults are of two types in length: 190 and 200 cm. The size of a mattress for a single bed in width is 70 or 90 cm. The dimensions of a 1.5 bed are 120 cm. mattress 140 x 200 or 200 x 200. You can see the dimensions of one and a half bed linen for the bed.

Children's mattresses are produced standard sizes: 120 x 60, 140 x 60, 140 x 70.

Non-standard mattresses are made to order according to the required dimensions.

An example of a non-standard foam rubber mattress.

If there is a side around the perimeter of the bed, measure its height, the mattress should be at least a couple of centimeters higher!

Kinds

Foam mattresses are divided into types depending on the degree of rigidity of the products:

Soft. Reminiscent of a cozy downy feather bed. Comfortable, but harmful to the spine.
medium hardness. Quite quickly restore shape, provide normal support to the spine.
Rigid. These are orthopedic mattresses, the rigidity in them is provided by additional components (coconut coir or independent springs).

The mattress is made of highly elastic elastic foam rubber. It is also called artificial latex or latex foam rubber.

How to do it yourself?

Everyone needs a new mattress from time to time. And many can manage to do it themselves. It could be a go-to option. And it happens that the fabric on the mattress is still good, but the foam rubber has already “sagged”.

You will need:

Foam rubber.
Mattress cover material.
Felt.
Glue for foam.

If the spring blocks are preserved in good condition, then it is enough to replace only pieces of foam rubber with new parts.

Work algorithm:

Spread foam rubber on the floor, cover it with felt.
Glue pieces of foam rubber on the sides to hide the springs.
From above, when the glue dries, put felt, and then foam rubber.
The final step is to insert the foam rubber into the case.

If you need a new mattress without springs, then you first need to decide on its size. Purchase foam rubber of the required parameters. Then sew a mattress topper. Consider seam allowances when cutting. It remains only to place the PPU in the case.

On video- foam mattress do it yourself:

Manufacturers, cost of products

Askona(Ascona). This company is the largest and most famous manufacturer of mattresses in Russia. The plant is located in the Vladimir region. Produces several lines. Many models use artificial latex. Ascona mattresses and mattress toppers are quite expensive, because brand awareness and advertising are included in the price. Taking advantage of the promotional offer, you can buy a mattress made of polyurethane foam for a single bed measuring 90 x 190 for 4000 rubles. But there are offers of products of the same parameters, using PPU, costing up to 13,000 rubles. and higher.
Consul. Production is located in Moscow. They produce products of different price categories. Cheap springless models - from 10,000 rubles. It is very profitable to buy a mattress on a promotion, with a good discount!
Toris. The plant is located in the Murom region. The price of products is much lower than that of competitors: a mattress measuring 90 x 190, 8 cm high costs about 3000 rubles, depending on the thickness, the price also increases.

Attention! When choosing a mattress, carefully study the reviews on the forums!

ORMATEK. Enterprise in the Ivanovo region. Ormatek is a worthy competitor to well-known brands. The cost of a mattress for a single bed is 7000 rubles. Again, it's cheaper to buy stocks.

For many consumers, the discovery will be the fact that foam rubber and polyurethane foam are one and the same! The correct name of the material is soft polyurethane foam (PPU). A few decades ago, it was supplied to the Soviet Union by the Norwegian company Porolon, so the name became a household name.

General filler requirements:

Elasticity and elasticity.
Restoring shape after stress.

Which one is used

The material is used in a variety of fields, for different needs they are selected according to certain characteristics. For mattresses, the density of foam rubber is important, the service life of the product depends on it. Use polyurethane foam with a density of 25 to 40 kg/m 3 . The density is indicated with two digits after two letters in the name, the next two digits indicate the stiffness index.

Mattresses are made from the following grades of foam rubber:

Damage to foam mattresses

On the video - the density of the foam rubber for the mattress:

Harm has not been proven, so polyurethane is the most common material for the production of mattresses.

Its advantages contribute to this:

Does not burn on its own. Combustion is supported by another source of fire.
Quickly restores shape.
For many, affordable.
Low thermal conductivity.
Vapor proof.
Waterproof.
Easy to transport.
Easy care.

Dimensions

The size of the mattress should match the size of the bed.

There can be a significant difference in the sizes of products from different manufacturers. For example, in the United States, it is customary to indicate the dimensions of mattresses in inches. For beds made according to European standards, an American mattress will not work. Hence the recommendation: choose a mattress and a bed from the same manufacturing country, and ideally from the same manufacturer.

Mattresses are available for children and adults. But what size should a standard mattress be? Standard lengths for adults are of two types: 190 and 200 cm. Width - 70 or 90 cm. Dimensions of 1.5 sleeping beds - 120 cm. Depending on the size, a mattress of 140 x 200 or 200 x 200 is suitable You can see the dimensions of one and a half bed linen for the bed.

Children's mattresses are available in standard sizes: 120 x 60, 140 x 60, 140 x 70.

Non-standard mattresses are made to order according to the required dimensions.

An example of a non-standard foam rubber mattress.

If there is a side around the perimeter of the bed, measure its height, the mattress should be at least a couple of centimeters higher!

Kinds

Foam mattresses are divided into types depending on the degree of rigidity of the products:

Soft. Reminiscent of a cozy downy feather bed. Comfortable, but harmful to the spine.
medium hardness. Quite quickly restore shape, provide normal support to the spine.
Rigid. These are orthopedic mattresses, the rigidity in them is provided by additional components (coconut coir or independent springs).

The mattress is made of highly elastic elastic foam rubber. It is also called artificial latex or latex foam rubber.

How to do it yourself?

You will need:

Foam rubber.
Mattress cover material.
Felt.
Glue for foam.

If the spring blocks are preserved in good condition, then it is enough to replace only pieces of foam rubber with new parts.

Work algorithm:

Spread foam rubber on the floor, cover it with felt.
Glue pieces of foam rubber on the sides to hide the springs.
From above, when the glue dries, put felt, and then foam rubber.
The final step is to insert the foam rubber into the case.

On a do-it-yourself video foam mattress:

Manufacturers, cost of products

Askona(Ascona). This company is the largest and most famous manufacturer of mattresses in Russia. The plant is located in the Vladimir region. Produces several lines. Many models use artificial latex. Mattresses are also quite expensive, because brand awareness and advertising are included in the price. Taking advantage of the promotional offer, you can buy a mattress made of polyurethane foam for a single bed measuring 90 x 190 for 4000 rubles. But there are offers of products of the same parameters, using PPU, costing up to 13,000 rubles. and higher.
Consul. Production is located in Moscow. They produce products of different price categories. Cheap springless models - from 10,000 rubles. It is very profitable to buy a mattress on a promotion, with a good discount!
Toris. The plant is located in the Murom region. The price of products is much lower than that of competitors: a mattress measuring 90 x 190, 8 cm high costs about 3000 rubles, depending on the thickness, the price also increases.

Attention! When choosing a mattress, carefully study the reviews on the forums!

ORMATEK. Enterprise in the Ivanovo region. Ormatek is a worthy competitor to well-known brands. The cost of a mattress for a single bed is 7000 rubles. Again, it's cheaper to buy stocks.