It is not always possible to equip a bath in a separate building on a small plot, but this does not mean that now the bath will turn out to be an unfulfilled dream. Attic floor in small houses it can become convenient if a convenient staircase is built in the bathhouse to the second floor, which should take into account whole line requirements for such a structure.
Requirements:
- Safety. To prevent falling when descending, the ladder must be made of a material that does not slip well. This is all the more important because shoes may be damp when leaving the bath;
- Comfort. The angle of inclination should not be more than 40 o.
- Compactness. A bathhouse with a staircase to the second floor still does not belong to those rooms that should attract everyone's attention - the rise there is usually arranged in the corridor or on the veranda, where there is always not enough space.
What material can the stairs be made of?
by the most simple example is a wooden staircase that meets all requirements. Wood is quite resistant to excess moisture, especially after treatment with special impregnations that prevent decay. In addition, wood is pleasant to the touch. Usually they choose the wood of acacia, oak, yew - species that in themselves are not afraid high humidity.
Note! Wood can only be used if it is well polished so that it is impossible to drive a splinter, because after the bath, visitors can go down barefoot. However, polishing should not be excessive, so that the steps do not become too slippery.
Types of wooden stairs to the bath
The easiest way to make a regular straight staircase for a bath. This option is possible only if there is enough space - a wide long corridor is ideal for this. A staircase without turns is also the safest for climbing into the bathhouse. But in small houses with a lack of space, this option is completely unacceptable.
There are several particularly popular design options, and one of them is a staircase to the bathhouse on the second floor, the Internet is filled with photos and drawings of which, with direct marches and a platform between them. It can be without risers, which will make the construction easier and simpler.
It must be remembered that a staircase with a platform, being the most acceptable option, still requires more space compared to other types of stairs, which, with limited space, are suitable for baths located on the second floor. For example, a turning staircase can be without a platform using winders, which allow you to make the angle of ascent more gentle. It has practically no drawbacks if the winder steps are calculated carefully enough. In any case, the angle of elevation should not exceed 40°.
If the use of other types of stairs does not allow reaching an acceptable angle of inclination, then the wooden stairs to the second floor in the bath can be spiral, that is, it is formed only by winder steps. However, there are requirements for them that must be met during manufacture - the width should be about one meter, it should not be tightly twisted. The spiral staircase for climbing to the bath is still not often used due to the fact that it is difficult to make it on your own, and it is expensive to order due to the complexity of manufacturing.
How to build a staircase to the bath yourself
Considering that the bath is a secondary room, a ladder for it can be made, relying only on one's own strength. For the basic version, it is better to take a staircase with a right angle turn with a platform between the marches. After measuring the opening to the second floor and the distance between the floors, calculations are performed to determine the main parameters - the height of the site, the number of steps, the angle of inclination.
Note! You can do all the calculations using special calculator programs and get an accurate drawing.
We are building a staircase to the second floor to the bathhouse, starting with the manufacture of the platform between the marches - the boards are laid and fixed on the prepared frame. Then proceed to the braids of the lower part - wooden beams marked out, cut recesses under the steps.
After trying on the steps, the assembly of the lower flight of stairs and installation in place. Exactly according to this principle, the upper flight of stairs is made. After all parts are ready and installed, they are varnished in several layers.
Two-story private houses will always be relevant, because they have a good footage of living space than one-story ones, despite the fact that they occupy the same area on personal plot. Construction always raises many questions about how to equip a staircase, what building material to build it from, how to make the structure safe, and many others. The answers to these and other questions will be presented in this article.
Ascending staircase in country house- this is not only the most important functional component, but also the central element in the interior. A good lift should be not only high quality and reliable, but also aesthetic, harmoniously fitting into the style direction of housing. Stairs can be divided into several types. So, according to the type of construction, one-march, two-march and three-march structures are distinguished.
Stairs vary in shape, they can be type-setting, located in a garage, garden stairs of different OKPD classes, have a canopy, and also:
- Screw;
- rectangular;
- Straight;
- Lifting on the bolts;
- Swivel 180 degrees;
- folding;
- Folding.
What will be the shape and design of the stairs depends on the style in which it is made home interior, from the height of the ceiling surface, and from how many meters the room is. A march is 1 flight of stairs, according to the number of marches, it is customary to divide staircase structures into classes. For a suburban building with 2 floors, the most common are 1 or 2 march rises. The screw or spiral design has a special charm, it looks chic in buildings that are made in the style of an exquisite empire, expensive rococo, modern modern. A spiral staircase with openwork railings is associated with a fairy tale, magic. However, in reality, this choice is not comfortable. Spiral designs were created for small rooms where it was impossible to build a wide staircase. In a residential building, it can be dangerous for babies and elderly family members.
Classical flight stairs (straight, rectangular, rotary) are often used. They can be made in different ways, they are safe and suitable for any style of interior.
The design of the stairs on the bolts
Modern staircase on the rails - special mounts, can be classified into a separate category. Bolts are fasteners installed along a vertical surface. The steps at the stairs are held on bolts that are attached to the wall.
This is a rational choice for modern housing. The advantages of the stairs on the rails are that the structures are airy, light, open, almost weightless, this makes it possible for light to penetrate into all corners of the room.
This staircase is best suited for modern interiors where they are located interior doors, in designs that are made in stylistic directions.
Namely:
- Minimalism.
- Loft.
- Constructivism.
This is a real find for small houses, because the width of the steps can be minimal. If the steps along the wall are narrow, it is necessary to arrange a railing; if the hanging steps are wide enough, a railing is not necessary.
What materials can be made stairs in the house to the second floor
There are several basic building materials that are used more often than others when creating.
- Tree.
- Metal.
- Concrete.
- Glass.
Stairs can be combined, made from a combination of certain materials. A country house in country style, a traditional hut or Provence is best decorated with a solid wood staircase, which can be varnished or decorated with hand carvings and patterns. The laconic polished wood of not expensive species also looks interesting. The production of the stairs can be done using ash, walnut, teak, maple and beech.
Pine structures are not produced, as pine is soft and not resistant to external influences.
Metal stairs in an apartment or house can last more than 50 years. It is best to use stainless steel, it is resistant to rust. Chrome or painted steel will last much less - about 5 years. It is better not to choose aluminum models or brass constructions, they are soft and may become dark over time. The metal model will ideally fit into the interior in the hi-tech style direction. If we build from concrete, we get a durable structure.
First, a rough staircase is made, after which it is finished. Stairs with stone steps will fit perfectly into the design of natural style, as well as classic style. They can be decorated with paving stones or artificial turf. You have to be careful with glass. Prefabricated glass stairs are not safe. If there are children in the house, then it is better not to place them.
Making the stairs to the second floor: photo options in the hall
In a cottage, in an apartment with a staircase, it is important to think over the interior design. Options and ideas for organizing space with stairs are varied. There are chic, spacious hallways that have access to the second floor. If the house has a hall with a staircase, then you just need to create an exclusive interior design project.
The staircase structure in the hallway plays a special role. Thanks to the design, the room looks higher, more spacious and more original.
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If the hall is small, then the spiral type of stairs, fit best way. This arrangement will save meters, and at the entrance to the 2nd floor you can arrange a nice hatch. If the hall is large, then it is quite appropriate to build a massive staircase made of natural wood, stone, or maybe it will be brick. If the room has solid dimensions, the staircase structure is made of expensive natural building materials, has a presentable appearance, then you need an appropriate finish.
In the place where the door is, you can place:
- Designer sofa;
- A few chairs;
- Table.
Arrangement takes a lot of time and effort, it is thin and hard work so you have to be careful with the process. This place is like a visiting card of the house and the design must be impeccable, the hall must have a finished, aesthetic appearance.
An excellent staircase option can be a fairly compact, but very attractive modular staircase, consisting of a large number identical elements. About what types of such stairs are, what advantages they have and how to assemble them, we will tell in the material:.
Staircase design in an apartment on the second floor: examples
Of course, the hall should be well lit, it should be mounted quality lighting, which can be created from 2-3 elements of the main light source and local lamps. The winning solution for lighting the hallway is a point light device on the steps lifting structure. Optimum illumination will create a unique atmosphere. Undoubtedly, owning a luxurious mansion is the dream of many. But, not infrequently, you have to decorate the hallway, where there is not enough space.
If the hall is narrow, then the wall can be decorated:
- Photos in original frames;
- Interesting panels;
- Exclusive posters.
If the design is wide, you can put flowerpots with fresh flowers or accessories that you can buy at Ikea on the stair tier. This will add sophistication and create a warm, family feel. If the parameters are small, then the design can be glass. The mount can be on the bolts, this is an economy option. The best solution for small-sized housing with a staircase, a mirror will be installed, decorate the interior, and also visually expand the space. A mirror placed opposite the light source will additionally illuminate the space.
A few words about the interior of the stairs 2 by 2
Each room in the house is important, it doesn't matter if there is a staircase in the hall or next to the window in the bay window, or maybe in the corridor. It is important to maintain harmony. This means that the room should be made in the same style direction as the rest of the space. No need to be afraid of the stairs to the 2nd floor, on the contrary, this element increases the room in perspective.
In addition, the ladder structure can be used as a closet for things in the stairwell. This rational solution help save usable space small house or apartment.
The opening can be used as:
- Additional area for work or creative work;
- For inventory storage, conservation, etc.
- For storing books and other things.
So, the arrangement of an aesthetic room with a 3x12 staircase or other parameters requires a responsible approach. In this matter essential role takes over the stairs, which can become a decoration of the whole house. It is important to approach the process correctly and as a result, 1200% will result in an exquisite and homely comfortable room.
Modern stairs to the second floor in the bath: which design to choose
An ergonomic and outwardly attractive option is a ladder structure made of wood with a metal support. If there is a lot of space, and perhaps there is a third level (floor), it can be marching, if not enough - rotary or screw.
Direct modifications with marches take up a lot of space, but with a competent device, it is good to use the remaining under the stairs as a pantry for cooperage and other equipment.
With bar construction, you will need a lot of space. You can make sketches yourself, and assemble the stairs with your own hands.
The design in the bath can be:
- closed;
- Temporary;
- Universal.
When making a ladder, it is necessary to take into account many factors, to know how many degrees you need for a correct, safe ascent, to take a clean and durable construction material. If you have doubts about your abilities, it is better to turn to professional master builders. The cost of services is not low, but the result will last for decades, will delight both households and guests of the house.
Do-it-yourself wooden staircase to the second floor: photos and best samples
modern building country house or a cottage implies the presence of 2 or more floors, so to climb to each of the floors you can’t do without a ladder structure. It is very difficult to build a staircase made of metal or concrete on your own, as welding or heavy work will be required.
But a do-it-yourself wooden model on the 2nd floor is a real and affordable task even for a novice master builder, and, in some cases, it is quite possible to get by with a hacksaw and a hammer. The easiest to create is a marching staircase design, that is, a staircase with a straight span. The scheme may be different.
The marching structure is arranged on stringers. These are carrier boards. And also it contains steps and risers. Calculations are made in accordance with the size of the room. The most comfortable angle of inclination is 37 degrees. If the angle is less than 23 degrees, you can install a ramp. The width is not difficult to determine.
The march can have a width:
- 0.9-1 m;
- 1.25-1.5 m;
- 1.2-1.4 m.
If the ladder is arranged in garden house, then the width can be reduced by 0.8 m. Height is the distance from the floor to the floor of 2 floors. The optimal step width is about 300 cm. The width must be multiplied by the number of steps and the projection size will be obtained. And the Pythagorean theorem will help determine the total length of the ladder structure.
With simple calculations, you can get the right dimensions elements of a wooden staircase and then proceed to the selection of building materials, tools and directly to the process of creating the structure itself. Construction is not difficult, if you have skills, then you can handle it, but if they are not available, it is better to hire a team of craftsmen.
Construction of stairs to the second floor (video)
Today, there are many contractors who will quickly and efficiently perform work of any level of complexity. By the way, you can build a good staircase without spending a lot of effort and money.
The design of the stairs in the house to the second floor (photo in the interior)
Bath is a place of rest, loved by many. The construction of such a structure has become very popular both in private homes and for organizing a small but very profitable business.
As a rule, the building is made small, one-story, without additional rooms. However, those who want to be able not only to take a steam bath in the bath, but also to sit during breaks with friends or, if necessary, stay overnight, equip it with rest rooms, special rooms for storing the necessary attributes, etc. In such cases, more often in total, the area for construction is very limited and it is necessary to build a building with several floors (more than two is extremely rare). Then, among other things, the building requires the design and installation of stairs.
Bath staircase design process
In the case of stairs for a bath, just like any other, it will be important to determine the appropriate type of construction. Not any of them will be able to satisfy both the needs for use and comply with safety regulations in such a room.
The main stages in the selection of stairs for a bath:
- Decide on an appointment. The design can be used to access the second floor or to reach the shelves in the steam room. In the second case, everything is simple - you can limit yourself to a small ladder, the main thing is that it is not slippery and not too rough, which will not allow you to fall or get hurt.
- In the case of stairs to access the second floor, it is very important to understand the purpose and frequency of use. If it is used simply as an attic space, then the design will be quite simple and without particularly strict requirements.
- Select the material for the stairs.
In these three stages, the answer to the question of which ladder is better to use in the bath lies.
Requirements for stairs to the second floor of the bath
For access to the attic, which will be used as a recreation room, more stringent requirements are set for the stairs than for a simple attic. In this case, the design must ensure safe ascent and descent. Consider that often guests do not mind relaxing in a bathhouse with alcohol, and this does not quite go well with dangerous stairs. The optimal solution would be a classic mid-flight staircase, made in compliance with all norms and requirements. Despite the convenience, there is not always a place for it in the space of the house, not to mention the bath, where there is much less space.
Often, in the case of this room, the most organic and reasonable would be to put a “duck step” staircase, as in the photo. It refers to the marching type of structures, with increased steepness. However, due to the unique design, the angle of more than 45 ° is not so noticeable, since the location of the steps allows you to stand on them with a full foot and maintain balance. It will take up much less space than the classic one.
In terms of saving space, spiral staircases are also often in demand. However, in this case, security is compromised, and it is better to consider other options before installing.
If it is planned to rarely go up to the second floor, and its use ends with the storage of unnecessary things, then you can completely get by with attic types of stairs, for example, retractable or folding ones. For the purposes described, such a ladder will suffice.
Material selection
After all issues with the room and the type of suitable stairs have been resolved, you should pay attention to what it is best to make it from. In the case of baths, additional requirements are put forward for the material from which the structure is made:
The attic room of the bath is often used as a utility room for storing brooms or a rest room. To access the second floor, a compact wooden staircase is usually constructed. You can build it on bowstrings or stringers with your own hands.
Content:
To climb to the second floor or attic in the bath, they install a production (collapsible) staircase or build a structure with their own hands. In the latter case, it is necessary not only to build it correctly, but also to correctly calculate the angle of inclination, dimensions, type of steps. The ladder for the bath should be compact, comfortable and safe. Calculate its location so that the exit to the second floor is near the wall. So you can significantly save space and expand the useful area of \u200b\u200bthe dressing room.
Types of wooden stairs for a bath
Often, to enter a room or on a porch, a small structure is built on several steps. It is optimal to build it according to the calculations recommended by GOST:
- tilt angle - less than 45 degrees;
- step length - 80-100 cm;
- lifting step - from 17 cm;
- width - from 30 cm.
For construction entrance stairs to the bath the best option considered pine or larch. At the same time, they must be treated with antifungal impregnation. Such structures are installed on a columnar or pile foundation.
The staircase in the bathhouse to the second floor can be made in various modifications:
- Direct single-march. The simplest option, however, requires a large installation space.
- U-shaped. For its construction, it is necessary to design mines in advance in the room.
- L-shaped. They can be designed along one or two walls.
- screw. Designed at an angle from 270 to 360 degrees. It must be installed counterclockwise, since most people start lifting with their right foot.
- Samba or goose step. Compact, but rather inconvenient.
Before you start building a bath with your own hands, you need to decide on the materials of manufacture. For bath structures most often used:
- stainless steel. metal staircase does not deform or corrode. At the same time, it is easy to install and economical.
- Granite or fake diamond based on concrete. Model for Turkish baths.
- Tree. traditional material for Russian baths.
IMPORTANT: wooden components for stairs must be moisture resistant. They must be treated with impregnation to protect against fungus, decay and insects.
For a sauna staircase made of wood, it is optimally suited: teak(about 500 rubles per step), larch (from 12 thousand rubles per cubic meter), ash (from 30 thousand rubles per cubic meter), wenge (about 100 thousand rubles per cubic meter), pine (from 100 rubles per linear meter), oak ( from 18 thousand per cubic meter), spruce (from 6.5 thousand rubles). Wood for stairs is used with a thickness of 4-5 cm. It must be carefully polished. It should not be slippery, but also without roughness.
Then we make approximate calculations. Here are a few key points to keep in mind:
- It is undesirable to do more than three or four winder steps.
- The width of the steps must be designed according to the length of the foot.
- The size of the opening must be calculated so as not to hit your head during the descent.
Instructions for the construction of stairs on stringers for a bath
Stair structures are built on stringers and bowstrings. In the first case, each step is placed on a ledge of a sawtooth profile. This method requires certain carpentry and carpentry skills. Work is performed in the following sequence:
- We choose hard and dense wood for the manufacture of stringers.
- We cut out a step shape template from thick cardboard with the appropriate size and slope.
- To connect the stringers with the top floor and the base, we make special grooves and markings according to the prepared template at the ends.
- By marking, we cut out the protrusions with a jigsaw and process them with a grinding machine.
- We cut out a recess for fasteners in the floor beam and mount metal supports.
- We fix the support beam with anchors along the line of the bottom step.
- We install stringers under right angle. We fix them from below and from above with anchors.
- For steps we use boards from 3.6 cm thick, for risers - from 2 cm.
- We cut and grind each workpiece.
- We lubricate the lower cutout of the stringer with wood glue or PVA to prevent squeaking. Exactly along the edges we apply the elements of the risers.
- We fix the parts with self-tapping screws and install steps above them.
- After laying all the steps, we mount the railing. For the manufacture of racks, you can use figured wooden blanks. We mount the railing handrails along a clearly corresponding slope of the stairs.
The erection of stairs on bowstrings in the bath
Mounting steps on bowstrings is much easier. It is possible to independently build such a modification, adhering to the following plan:
- We make measurements of the height from the floor of the room to the top of the future stairs. We round the number and divide it by 18, we get the desired number of risers.
- We fix the brass ladder gauges on the joiner's square in pre-calculated places.
- We check the material of the bowstring so that it is straight, and put a square on it evenly. We draw a riser line and, without moving the tool, draw a step line.
- Using the calibrators and lines, draw the outline of the bowstring until all the steps are drawn.
- We remove the calibrators from the square when drawing the last element.
- By using circular saw make cuts along the edges.
- Cut out the middle hand saw, apply the resulting part to the material and draw a contour.
- We make two edge and one middle bowstring.
- We adjust the height of the lower riser so that it is shorter by one step thickness.
- We attach plywood sheet where the landing connects to the steps.
- We make marks for installing the bowstring and fasten it to the plywood.
- We cut out the same risers and fasten them with screws to the bowstrings.
- We attach the steps with screws and glue to prevent creaking and increase strength.
- For a general connection, we attach the upper step with screws to the plywood part.
- We mount the railing post in a vertical position and attach it with screws.
- We install the railings so that they repeat the angle of inclination of the stairs, and fasten them sequentially with screws.
- We assemble the handrails (railings) with nails and fasten fasteners to the stair structure.
- We attach the railing above the last crossbar, observing the correct slope.
- We prime and varnish the surface.
Do-it-yourself spiral staircase for a bath
Construction technology spiral staircase differs by carrying out more in-depth calculations. To correctly build such a structure, you should do it according to the following scheme:
- We make winder steps without risers. This will provide additional convenience when lifting.
- We design the step so that in the center its width is from 20 cm, and 15 cm from the racks is not less than 10 cm.
- We calculate the diameter of the structure from two meters, and the length of the steps - from 80 cm.
- We leave the height of the passage to the upper turn from 2 m.
- We use a thick-walled pipe made of stainless metal with a diameter of 5 cm or more as a supporting element. We install it strictly vertically at the very beginning of work. This will increase the strength of the stairs.
- Fasteners and anchors fasten the main support to wooden floor. If the floor is cement, then we concrete it using extensions.
- We drill a hole (with the diameter of the rack) in the narrow part of the tread to fix the step. For the installation of each element, we use bushings with the appropriate height.
- To prevent deformation of the step, we place a washer between the tread and the bushing. Its thickness is important to consider when designing the height of the sleeve. Otherwise, the staircase will turn out to be much higher than it was designed.
- We determine the length of the steps in accordance with the size of the rise in the ceiling. To calculate their number, the height of the entire structure is divided by the height of the opening between them. It should be from 18 to 20 cm, excluding the thickness of the step.
- We install steps with a slight overlap. We fix the structure with brackets between the edges of the wide part.
- We mount the final step on the floor with fasteners.
- We install the railing posts vertically to the steps and attach the handrails to them at the angle of the base of the stairs.
- We carry out decorative finishing.
The ladder in the bath is a compromise between convenience, safety and compactness. Remember that before you make a ladder in the bath, you need to draw up a thorough project. A high-quality staircase should not only be reliable, but also fit well into the interior of the room. If you are not sure that you can make your own design that meets all standards, you can pick up a ready-to-install option in the store.
If in the bath it is necessary to install a staircase to the second floor, it is necessary to consider both its design and the material from which it will be made. Taking into account the characteristics of the atmosphere in bath room and a natural desire to keep the interior in one, harmoniously created style, a combination of wood and metal is acceptable for baths.
Ergonomic and beautiful option- ladder building made of wood with supporting structure from metal. With sufficient space, it can be marching, with limited space it can be rotary or screw. Direct modifications with marches take up a lot of space, but with competent planning, the area remaining under the stairs can be used as a pantry for storing bath accessories and other equipment. Detail drawing in the photo below.
Spiral and turning stairs are less convenient for constant walking, but in a small bath they significantly save space, and are not used so often. screw project or turning stairs can be different, the main thing here is the dimensions of the structure.
In any case, such a staircase in the bathhouse to the second floor, with small volumes of the room, not only “does not steal” the usable area, but also saves money on its construction.
Do-it-yourself construction installation
To begin with, the technology provides for the placement of: vertical post or attached to a wall. It is better to give preference to the latter if there will be children or people with limited mobility in the bathhouse. The wall will act as an additional support.
In order not to get sick after paired procedures, the steps must be made of wood, and the frame, handrails and stand should be made of stainless metal, you can use wood, which is more acceptable for temperature regime in the bath. The metal heats up too quickly and can cause discomfort if it comes into contact with the skin.
How to make a ladder: calculation method and possible configuration in the video below.
A convenient location for step steps is 35-40 cm, but this applies only to rectangular models, spiral staircases have trapezoidal steps.
The design should be as simple as possible: steps and railings are not slippery, even with a slightly rough surface so that a wet foot does not slip.
In order to build a staircase in the bath yourself, you will need the following materials:
- tread beam - 4 cm;
- beam for steps, not less than 4 cm thick;
- beam for risers - 3 cm;
- timber for mounting stringers (strings) 5x25 cm in size;
- purchased or self-made handrails;
- stainless steel screws.
Work begins with determining the layout, type of stairs and steps. Standard parameters the march is erected with a support step on a double-sided bowstring or attached to stringers (beams located below).
Stringers are called bars, on which the structure rests in a horizontal section. In a vertical position, the teeth fix the risers. At the same time, the ladder can be mounted on the central stringer and the support of the steps on the wall or on the side stringers.
Bowstrings - strong beams with grooves for steps and risers. They are made from thick boards, the grooves are cut independently according to the template. Between themselves, fasteners are made using wooden or metal strands.
The steps are connected with a bowstring and reinforced with bars under the stairs at an equidistant distance. If the angle of inclination of the march is high, the bars may not be used. The top and bottom of the string are fixed on the walls, ceiling or on the floor.
Wooden fragments of the structure are treated with impregnation with antiseptic and refractory properties and opened with stain or varnish.
For a spiral staircase, the main thing is to determine the angle of inclination. It should be between 23-37 degrees. But, it is worth remembering that the higher the angle of inclination, the more difficult it will be to climb the steps, however, this design will require the smallest placement.
Since many people prefer wood finishes in the bath, the stairs can be made in the same style without even using large-scale metal parts. It is worth choosing from hardwood: birch, ash, linden, oak. From conifers, larch and cedar are suitable.
It is important to make the stairs as safe as possible, since in conditions of high humidity and sudden changes in temperature, you can slip when climbing or descending. And, of course, do not save on protective solutions, otherwise the design will not last long.
