How to make a stand for a decorative plate with your own hands. Original do-it-yourself cymbal stand Fastening with a paper clip, wire and hairpin

If you scrupulously pick up every little thing in your home, then you pay a lot of attention to even the smallest details. These stylish coasters hot with their own hands will fit perfectly into your modern interior. After all, today it is extremely fashionable to use natural and natural materials. This is what real twine and cork are.

Making stylish coasters is not difficult.

Before work, in addition to twine and cork material, you need to prepare a knife and hot glue.

You can use old cork mouse pads as a base.

So, draw a circle on the base material and cut it out. Make a small notch to hide the end of the rope.

Starting from the edge, glue the twine in a spiral until you reach the center.

Such coasters can be relatively small for glasses and cups. And maybe bigger - for plates, and maybe even pots and pans.

Make at least six identical cymbal coasters. When guests come to you, use them to set the table, it should turn out to be very interesting and creative.

Optional twine already in finished product can be painted in any color that best suits your interior.

However, the special charm of this kind of crafts is in the rawness of natural materials.

The decision is yours - be creative!

After the repair and arrangement of furniture is completed, there is always a need to add accessories to the wall in the interior. Most often, you want to close the void on the wall in the kitchen or living room. One way is to decorate in the form of decorative plates. They are able to add zest to any environment. Especially if the decoration of plates for walls or coasters is done by hand.

Large bright plates on the wall will perfectly complement the interior.

You can hang some decorative plates in the bedroom

Even simple white plates will decorate the design

Creating a unique decor for a kitchen or dining room with your own hands is not only a way to save money, it is an opportunity to get designer things in style and style. color scheme the general environment of the room. There are many techniques with which you can do creative work.

1. Decoupage with napkins, photo, cloth.
2. Quilling.
3. Stained glass cover.
4. Decoration with satin ribbons.
5. Art painting.

Plates can be placed anywhere and any way

On the plates you can write words in English

Decoupage

Decoupage is one of the most interesting ways plate decorations. For decoration, you can use special napkins, magazine clippings, photos, and even fabric, with which you can really create original draperies. To work, you will need the following materials:

• PVA glue;
• scissors;
• brushes;
• acrylic paints;
• a water container (for example, a deep dish);
• a ring from a tin can, if the product will be hung on the wall;
• acrylic lacquer;
• decoupage napkins (or other selected material);
• plate.

Plates do not have to be painted, simply by hanging them on the wall you can decorate the interior

Decorative plates on the wall will perfectly complement the interior of the room

A wall completely decorated with decorative plates will look very unusual.

After all the materials and tools are prepared, you can start decorating the plate using the decoupage technique. The main stages of work are shown in the table:

If necessary, you can acrylic paints With a thin brush, draw some details of the picture. So the result will look much brighter. This is done after the base layer has dried before varnishing. For mounting on the wall, in addition to the described method, you can use various hooks or loops.

In the interior, you can use plates of different sizes.

Plates of different colors will look very nice

quilling

Quilling is a technique based on twisting thin strips of paper. The method is relatively new and very exciting. So, to create a unique dish you will need:

• a plate (it is better to use a product made of plastic or foam);
• a set of paper for quilling (sold in stores for goods intended for creativity, you can buy a set of the most suitable colors);
• tools for twisting paper ribbons (sometimes come with strips), they can be replaced with an awl;
• toothpicks;
• ruler;
• simple pencil;
• PVA glue;
• image.

Making a product using the quilling technique includes several stages:

1. It is required to divide the decorative plate into 4 equal parts, while marking its center. You also need to mark the location of the drawing with a pencil.
2. Making curls from paper. With the help of ribbons, you can create whole compositions of flowers, birds, various patterns. Each element is smeared with glue using a toothpick and attached to the plate.

Do not be afraid to come up with new elements and compositions from paper ribbons. The main thing is to choose the right color solution which will perfectly fit into the interior of the kitchen or dining room. Also, do not forget about the hooks for mounting the plate on the wall.

Painting plates in Japanese style

Plates can be decorated as you like.

Decorative plates against a white wall look very nice

stained glass coating

Stained glass always looks stylish on any piece of furniture. To decorate in this way, you can choose a transparent glass plate so that the stained glass effect is noticeable.

For decoration you will need:

• glass plate;
• stained glass or acrylic paints;
• circuit;
• various beads can be used if desired;
• degreaser;
• brushes.

Before starting work on decorating a product with a stained-glass window, the plate must be thoroughly washed and degreased so that the paint lays down and dries evenly. After that, it is allowed to outline the contours of the image with a pencil, or you can start working with paints without them if you want to improvise.

You can make such a collage from plates, and place a plate with a clock in the middle

Decorative plate with painting

First of all, a contour is applied to the plate and dried for several hours (the exact time for each type of paint is indicated on the package). Dry in a well ventilated area. It is recommended to apply it in two layers so that the line is convex. Then you can color the colored areas.

If there is a desire to add additional decorations, then it is recommended to do this when the paint begins to dry. Lay out the elements with tweezers and lightly press into the layer. All actions must be clear and accurate so as not to spoil general form products.

You can decorate the plate with artificial flowers

An example of using decorative plates on the wall

From plates you can create a collage on the wall

Decoration with satin ribbons

Increasingly, satin ribbons are used for decor in the interior. And, of course, with their help, you can quickly and originally decorate plates. The first thing to consider is how to create decorative elements from the atlas:

1. Weaving different ways from several ribbons. The result is a streak desired length with pattern.
2. Sewing. It is carried out using a thread and a needle. A whole composition in the form of a panel is assembled from different pieces.
3. Kanzashi - flowers from satin ribbons.

The elements necessary for decor are simply attached to the product with glue. Most of the time is spent on the preparation of parts of the overall composition.

Decorative plates in the kitchen will perfectly complement the interior

You can decorate the plates yourself

Art painting

Plate painting is quite complicated, but an exciting activity. Any plot is allowed, it all depends on the overall interior of the house. Landscapes, ornaments, fabulous or mythical stories, flower arrangements, animals and birds, Gzhel or Khokhloma painting look great on decorative plates.

For decoration you will need:

• white plate;
• degreaser;
• pencil;
• acrylic paints;
• brushes.

First, the plate is washed and wiped with a degreaser. Then a drawing is applied with a pencil, after which they begin to paint the product. Once the paint is dry, you can varnish it.

Do not be upset if the talent of the artist is completely absent. In this case, a stencil can always come to the rescue. Drawing with him will turn out no less beautiful. You can buy it at construction stores or places that sell art supplies.

Instead of paintings on the wall, you can hang decorative plates.

In the kitchen, decorative plates will perfectly complement the interior.

An example of the use of decorative plates in the interior

Use of plates in decoration

When choosing a way to create decorative plates, first of all, you need to remember about general style interiors and colors. You can place them on the table, chest of drawers, mantelpiece. In such cases, you will still need to find or make a special stand with your own hands. Or the products can really be hung on the wall. Consider a few classic schemes:

1. In a row. Thus, you can select a certain zone in the interior. For example, over a fireplace or a sofa.
2. Symmetry. In this case, the plates should be placed exactly in relation to the pieces of furniture and at the same distance from each other.
3. Geometry. So you can originally fill the void on the wall by hanging dishes in the shape of a square, rhombus, triangle.
4. Wave. To implement this method, you will need to mark a curved line on the wall surface and hang plates along it. Better if they are different sizes.
5. Arch. This placement of decor is ideal for the area around round mirrors or just above pieces of furniture, for example, in the bedroom above the bed.
6. patterns. A more complicated way is to create some kind of ornament or pattern from decorative plates. In this case, it is recommended to use objects of various shapes and sizes. You can, for example, decorate any of the proposed techniques with an unnecessary set of dishes and hang them on the wall in the kitchen.
7. Arrangement by size - from a smaller diameter to a larger one or vice versa. In this case, it is very important that all the plates in the interior are of the same shape.
8. Plot. This method is suitable if the dishes have a certain storyline. Then they should be side by side.
9. Arbitrary arrangement of decorative plates on the wall. This method gives a lot of scope to the imagination.

A plate with a pattern of flowers will look very beautiful

Anything can be depicted on plates

When choosing a method for arranging decor items, you must follow a few simple rules:

1. Completion of the composition.
2. Symmetry in the interior.
3. Compliance with color and shape.
4. Accounting for the size of decorative plates.

In the most advantageous way, plates of any shape will look on the wall in the kitchen or living room. The main thing is to choose the right color for the picture and style. Exclusive decor will always delight with its beauty.

Video: How to creatively decorate walls with decorative plates

Any hostess wants to equip the kitchen to her liking. But the kitchen will look cozier and more modern if it is supplemented with creative accessories. We are used to the fact that the dish rack looks very simple - metal structure. Here are some interesting ideas for decorating a stylish kitchen.

Pencils in action

To create such a holder, you will need a wooden tray, the remains of pencils and a drill. You need to fit all the pencils to the same size, this idea will appeal to someone who draws a lot or draws real drawings by hand. IN wooden tray holes are evenly made, after which pencils are inserted into them. It is desirable that the pencils sit tightly in the holes, you can use glue for a more thorough fixing.

Stand made of wooden hangers

It is necessary to prepare seven hangers. Metal loops are removed with pliers, and the hangers themselves are attached with screws. such a structure can be placed in country house or at the cottage. Your guests will definitely appreciate the creative plate holder you made yourself.

Stand for dishes "house"

To make such a stand for plates, you need imagination and design skills. First from wood plywood making a low house. Do not forget about windows and doors, such details turn ordinary things into designer ones. Next, you need to make a roof from the rails. The stand looks like a house uncovered with roofing material.

The plate holder is handy if you don't have a very big one. dinner table. You can put two plates on it and place one more under the stand.

Necessary materials:

• Wire thickness 3 mm and 1 mm
• round nose pliers
• wire cutters
• long nose pliers

Take two pieces of wire 3 mm thick and 55 cm long. Bend both pieces in a semicircle.

Connect both segments and wrap in the center with 1 mm thick wire. The length of the wrapped area is about 5 cm

Bend the ends of the segments into a spiral

Cut two pieces of wire 13 cm each and bend in the shape of the letter S, with the tips twisted in a spiral, as in the picture.

Attach the S-shaped elements symmetrically to the sides of the future stand. Secure with 1mm thick wire winding.

Cut four pieces of wire 3 mm thick, 25 cm long. Using pliers, make several turns of wire around the legs of the stand and fasten well so that the wire does not slide down

Fasten the wire on the other side of the stand in the same way. Make sure that the distance between the right and left legs is 18 cm. Cut off the excess wire.

If you have a couple of evenings to spare, then why not start making crafts for the kitchen and home? After all, with their own hands from improvised, natural and even waste materials you can create a bunch of useful or just beautiful little things. In this article, we presented 50 inspiring photos and 12 super ideas with step by step master classes for the manufacture of decor items, storage accessories, kitchen utensils and more.

Idea 1. Cutting board tablet holder

Watching your favorite TV shows on a tablet or peeking into a recipe book while cooking will become easier if you make a special stand for this from ... an ordinary cutting board. Making this DIY kitchen craft will take no more than two hours, and it will be used every day.

To make a holder for a recipe book or tablet you will need:

• You can either use an old cutting board or buy a new one (wooden is best, but bamboo works too). Its size should not be much larger or smaller than the tablet.
• A small wooden plank, or better a molding fragment (it will hold the tablet / book).

• Another block of wood or plywood from which you can cut a sharp triangle;
• Paint or stain in the desired color, for example, to match countertops, fronts or kitchen apron ;
• Brush for painting or rags for staining;
• Jigsaw or saw;
• Wood glue or any other strong adhesive.

Instruction:

1. Using a saw or jigsaw, shorten your plank or molding to right size(according to the width of the board), sand the edges sandpaper, then just stick on the bottom of the board.

1. Cut out a piece of wood for a stand in the shape of acute triangle with a right angle as in the photo below and glue it too.

The angle of inclination of the holder will depend on the inclination of the hypotenuse of the triangular bar

1. Paint the entire piece following the paint manufacturer's instructions and leave to dry.

1. If desired, the handle of the resulting stand can be decorated with a jute rope or ribbon. Thus, when the stand is not needed, you can hang it on a hook.

Also, the craft can be further decorated - for example, artificially age as in this master class, draw inscriptions, burn out the drawing, cover with slate paint. In the next selection of photos, you can get decor ideas for original cutting boards.

Idea 2. Jute coasters

If your kitchen (or, for example, a country or summer kitchen) is decorated in a rustic, mediterranean, rustic or nautical style, then you will surely love this kitchen craft idea. In just a couple of hours, you can make coasters for plates for the whole family and guests with your own hands.

To make one substrate with a diameter of 33 cm, you will need:

• 10 meters of jute rope 1 cm thick (sold in hardware and hardware stores);
• Hot glue gun;
• Scissors.

Instruction:

Just start winding the rope in a circle, alternately smearing small sections with glue and fixing them for a while. When the mat is formed, cut the end of the rope and glue it.

Idea 3. Organizer for cutlery and kitchen appliances from cans

Tin cans cost nothing, but they are durable, easy to care for, and their shape is just right for storing all kinds of spatulas, ladles, forks, spoons and other utensils. With a little effort and creativity, you can make a convenient and pretty organizer out of them, which, if it doesn’t fit into the interior of the city kitchen, will definitely take root in the country. And a do-it-yourself organizer made from cans can be used to store tools, brushes, felt-tip pens and other small things.

Stand for spoons and forks from cans

To make such a stand for spoons and forks, you will need:

• 4 or 6 clean and dried cans without lids and burrs;
• Acrylic paint for metal or enamel paint (it will protect the cans from rust);
• A few wood screws and a screwdriver;
• Thick nail and hammer;
• Furniture handle or leather strap with fittings;
• A small wooden board.

Instruction:

1. Paint the jars inside and out and let them dry for one day.
2. If necessary, saw the wooden plank to the desired size, sand, clean and finally paint (not necessarily the same color as the cans).
3. Take a nail and a hammer and make a hole for a self-tapping screw in all the jars.

Tip: To facilitate this process and not damage the paint layer, place a small bar on the table with a clamp, then wrap the bar with felt and only then put a jar on the bar (see the picture in the next photo collage in the lower left corner)

1. Attach the jars to the plank and align them as they will be mounted later. Mark the holes on the board with a pencil.
2. Punch small holes in the board at the marks using a hammer and nail.

1. Screw a self-tapping screw into the hole in the first can to attach it to the plank. Repeat the procedure with all remaining banks.
2. Finally install on the butt wooden board furniture handle or leather strap using the same self-tapping screws. Ready!

Here are a few other deco ideas and design modifications for cans.

Idea 4. Topiary for kitchen or home decor

Topiary is a small decorative tree that decorates a dining room or coffee table, chest of drawers or mantelpiece. Also, a topiary is a great addition to a gift, especially if you decorate its crown with, say, sweets or flowers. Making such crafts with your own hands does not take much time, does not require the use of expensive materials, and even beginners can do it. Having mastered the basic principle, you will be able to create topiaries for any occasion, any shape and design. Take a look at our selection of DIY home decor photo ideas, you will surely like something!

Halloween Kitchen Decor Idea

To make crafts you will need:

• Styrofoam, plastic or floral foam base in the form of a ball or other desired shape;
• Trunk (a smooth branch of a tree, a pencil or any other small stick);
• Decorative elements to create a crown: coffee beans, artificial flowers, cones, colored beans, etc.;
• Decor to mask the pot filler, such as moss, pebbles or sisal fiber;
• Flower pot;
• Filler for the pot, which will fix the trunk. For example, fit cement mortar, all the same polystyrene or alabaster (the best option);
• Hot glue gun;
• If necessary, you will need paint to decorate the trunk, base or pot. Also, the trunk can be decorated with ribbon or twine.

Basic instruction:

1. To begin with, it is desirable to paint the base in the color of the crown elements so that possible bald spots are not noticeable. You can also paint the trunk and pot and leave them to dry.
2. Cut a hole at the base of the crown for the trunk a couple of centimeters deep, fill it with glue and fix the trunk.
3. Take the base of the crown and start gluing decorative details one by one. The principle of operation at this stage is simple: first, large parts are glued, then medium ones, and finally, small elements fill in the bald spots. You need to glue the decor quickly, until the glue is absorbed into the base.
4. Dilute the stem fixing mixture in the pot according to the manufacturer's instructions and fill the pot with it, not reaching a couple of centimeters from the edge. Next, insert the barrel, hold it for a while and then leave it to dry for a day.
5. Mask the filling of the pot with a decorative "cover" (you can fix it a little with glue).

Idea 5. Serving board-tray

But the idea of ​​​​an unusual serving board-tray, which, although not a cutting board (intended for laying out products only in dishes), can nevertheless be very functional. For example, it can be used to beautifully serve snacks for drinks (olives, pistachios, nuts, chips, etc.), sauces, honey, sour cream, jam. Thanks to the slate part, while the board is not used for its intended purpose, it can simply be hung on the wall and used for writing.

To make this DIY kitchen craft, you will need:

• Wooden board 5 cm thick;
• Stain of the desired color (for example, to match the countertop);
• Sponge, rag or brush;
• Slate paint;
• Two furniture handles and wood screws for their fastening;
• Jigsaw or saw;
• Screwdriver or screwdriver;
• Ruler, pencil.

Instruction:

1. Cut your board to the desired size with a hand/electric saw or jigsaw. In this master class, the board is 60 cm long, but you can make it shorter or longer.
2. Paint your board with stain according to the manufacturer's instructions and let dry.

1. It's time to paint inner part. To do this, first glue masking tape around the edges of the board to limit the painting area. Next, apply slate paint (in this case, paint in a can) and let it dry.

1. Screw the handles around the edges of the board.

You can replace furniture handles with leather straps, paint the board in a bright color, burn a design on it, or attach it to it. reverse side two legs.

Idea 6. Stand for mugs and glasses

If you're the type of person who collects wine corks (whether for fun or in the hope of making something useful out of them someday), then you'll love this craft idea.

To make one coaster you will need:

• 8 corks (respectively, for the manufacture of a set of 4 coasters, 32 corks are required);
• A roll of cork board, mat, or plate coaster (for cutting out the base of the coasters);
• Hot glue;
• Leg-split.

Step 1. Arrange your corks in pairs in a square format, as shown in the photo below. Using hot glue, apply a bead of glue between two corks and press them together for 30 seconds. Repeat the process for all other pairs.

Step 2. From a sheet cork (board, rug), cut a square corresponding to the size of the future stand. Next, apply hot glue on it, wait 15-20 seconds. and glue your blanks.

Step 3. Fill the gaps between the plugs with glue and let it dry. For better adhesion of the glue to the corks, you can put some kind of press on the workpiece.

Step 4. Wrap the craft with twine and tie a knot.

Do-it-yourself coasters for mugs, glasses and glasses can be beautifully packaged and presented to a friend

If desired, the coasters can be made round, triangular or hexagonal, cutting off the excess with a knife.

According to the described principle, you can make such a hot stand with your own hands. By the way, in this case, an old CD will do as a basis.

Idea 7. Wall panel

Another craft idea for the home and kitchen, which you can do with your own hands from wine corks- wall panel for decorating the interior and storing notes, memorable photos and postcards.

Panel of corks in a frame from Ikea

To work, you only need a beautiful frame (from a picture or a mirror), paint of the desired color, hot glue and a large pile of corks. Corks can be laid out in a herringbone pattern, checkerboard pattern, even rows, and in other ways that you like. If necessary, for example, if there are not enough traffic jams, they can be cut lengthwise or across. And to make the corks easier to cut, they need to be soaked in hot water for 10 minutes.

Other interesting ideas manufacturing wall panels with your own hands.

Idea 8. Universal knife holder

Knife stand - very useful device for the kitchen, which helps to contain working space in order and keep the sharpness of the knife blades longer.

Making a knife holder with your own hands is very easy - just pick up a small vase and fill it tightly with bamboo / wooden skewers, colored beans or ... colored spaghetti, as in our master class.

To make a knife stand, prepare:

• A container or vase is the height of the blade of your largest knife. The shape of the container can be any, but without any bends;
• Spaghetti, lots and lots of spaghetti;
• Several large ziplock bags (or just large bags that can be tightly tied into a knot);
• Alcohol (for example, vodka);
• Liquid food coloring in your desired color (or multiple colors if you want to make a multi-color filling)
• baking sheets;
• Aluminum foil or an old oilcloth tablecloth;
• Paper towels;
• Kitchen scissors.

Instruction:

1. Make sure your container is clean and dry, then fill it tightly with spaghetti. When the container is full, take out the spaghetti and add a couple more bunches of pasta to this pile as a spare (in case of replenishing broken sticks).
2. Divide the spaghetti evenly among the bags and pour enough alcohol into them so that it can wet all the sticks. Next, add 10-40 drops of food coloring to each bag.

1. Seal or tie your bags, then put them in additional bags to avoid leaks. Slowly shake and turn the bags to mix the dye into the alcohol and pasta. Next, lay the bag on one side and leave for 30 minutes, then turn the bag over again and leave it for another half hour. Continue soaking the spaghetti in this way (no more than 3 hours) until it reaches the desired color.
2. Cover your baking sheet aluminum foil, then a layer paper towels(or oilcloth). It is advisable to wear gloves to protect your hands from staining. Remove the spaghetti from the bags, after draining all the liquid, lay them out on a baking sheet in a single layer and leave to dry. From time to time, spaghetti needs to be sorted out for them to dry evenly.

1. Once your spaghetti is COMPLETELY dry, start putting them in the container.
2. Shake the filled container and flatten the spaghetti. Insert your knives to determine the optimal filling density, add pasta or remove excess if necessary.
3. Now, using kitchen scissors or other very sharp scissors, cut the spaghetti to the desired length without removing it from the container (best done over the sink). It is important that spaghetti does not exceed the height of the container by more than 2-3 cm, otherwise they will break quickly.

Idea 9. Jars for storing spices and bulk products

Today we will talk about the express technique for making a paper basket that can be used to store small things (keys, stationery), yarn, as well as for unusual serving of fruits, Easter eggs, bread or pastries to festive table or as a gift.

Even a child can weave such baskets quickly and easily.

You will need:

• About 15 sheets of A3 thin paper, cut in half along the sheets (this can be printer paper, a sheet of newspaper in full spread, and even baking paper);
• A container of a suitable size with straight walls (for example, a jar of jam);
• Glue in a stick;
• One skewer;
• Spray paint (optional).

Instruction:

1. Starting from one corner, begin to roll a sheet of paper tightly around the skewer to a diagonally opposite corner to make a long and even tube. When the straw is ready, add a few dabs of glue to the corner of the paper to fix it in place and pull out the skewer. Do the same for all remaining sheets. In this master class, it took 30 tubes to weave 2 baskets.
2. If necessary (for example, if you used newspaper sheets) or if desired, paint the tubes with acrylic paint.
3. Take an even number of tubes and connect them together as shown in the photo in the upper left corner. In this master class, it took 6 tubes for a basket the size of a jam jar, and 8 tubes for a larger basket.

1. Start braiding: take one of the outer tubes (which is under the grate) and pass it over the adjacent tube, then pass it under the next tube, then pass the tube over the next tube again, and so on. Continue weaving by lifting the already wrapped tubes vertically (now we will call these tubes racks).
2. When 2-3 cm remain from the first working tube, increase its length. To do this, apply glue to a new tube and insert it into the remaining "tail". Continue weaving again and again, adding paper tubes as needed.
3. As soon as you weave the base of the desired diameter (the same size as the container), place the container on it and start weaving around it, pulling the rack tubes close to the walls.
4. Having finished weaving the basket to the end, take out the jar and carefully wrap the end of the working tube in weaving.
5. Wrap the ends of the uprights inside the weave and trim if necessary. Next, you can spray paint from a spray can, as in our master class.

Idea 11. Wall holder for towels and kitchen utensils

From an ordinary grater, you can make such a convenient and beautiful holder for towels and storing kitchen utensils or even live or artificial plants.

From a flat grater, you can make a decor for the kitchen in country style, Provence or Shabby Chic with your own hands

To make a heated towel rail and a tray for small things, you will need:

• A grater (preferably an old one, but a regular new grater is also suitable, as long as it is metal);
• Patina for metal (for artificial aging of the grater);
• small cutting board or just a wooden board;
• Wooden plate (for the bottom of the grater);
• Glue.

Instruction:

1. Follow the manufacturer's instructions to coat the grater with a metal patina, for example, in green, as in this master class.

1. Install a wooden bottom in the inside. It must first be cut to the size of the top of the grater. As a rule, at the top of the grater there are protrusions from metal handles, it is on them that the bottom will be attached.
2. Screw the grater to the board with self-tapping screws, having previously made holes in it with a nail and a hammer.
3. Mount the board on the wall near the sink, hang a towel on the handle, put your spatulas, ladles or flowers inside.

Idea 12. Flower vase

Glass bottles for wine, milk or other drinks are almost ready-made vases that are just waiting to be painted with acrylics and / or trimmed.