Dandelion - perennial, a member of the Asteraceae family. Nowadays, dandelion is one of the most common crops; it can be found in parks, on the side of roads, on summer cottages. Appearance Everyone is familiar with dandelion: the plant has a long stem, lacy leaves and a large yellow flower (see photo).
In Western Europe, dandelion is grown as garden plant in order to decorate private property. This perennial plant does not require care and will cover the area with yellow flowers in just a few years. Such unpretentiousness of dandelion allows it to be grown almost anywhere; often gardeners cannot even get rid of the plant, perceiving it as an ordinary weed. Even though people have heard about beneficial properties dandelion, but they are in no hurry to use it in food or instead of medicine.
It is better to collect dandelions on a sunny morning, when the flowers have already opened. If you plan to cook dishes from unopened buds, then they should be collected early in the morning, since at 6 o’clock the plant already begins to open. Dandelions, like many other plants, accumulate heavy metals, so flowers collected from the roadside can be harmful to health. Young dandelion leaves are collected for salads: such leaves have not yet accumulated excessive bitterness, and also contain more vitamins compared to the flowering plant.
Medicinal properties
The medicinal properties of dandelion are so valuable that the plant is consumed in almost any form. Dandelion flowering time is right around spring period, when the human body is exhausted and needs vitamins. The leaves of the plant contain beneficial bitterness, trace elements, choline and other active substances.
Dandelion infusion is recommended for those suffering diabetes mellitus, as it effectively lowers blood sugar levels. Dandelion has mild laxative properties and helps with constipation. The plant is used for the treatment of arthritic joints. Dandelion normalizes impaired metabolism, which allows the body to regenerate cartilage tissue. With regular use of dandelion, the process of joint deformation stops and pain goes away. Scientists have conducted studies that have established the restorative properties of dandelion, which acts as a chondroprotector. The plant not only removes painful sensations, but also restores cartilage tissue.
Dried dandelion is included in herbal mixtures for weight loss. The plant normalizes metabolism in the body. The calorie content of dandelion is only 45 kilocalories per 100 grams. Low calorie content and high nutritional value make it possible to include the plant in the diet menu.
Use in cooking
In cooking, dandelion is used to prepare vitamin-rich salads, purees, and even soups and cabbage soup. Yellow dandelion flowers are pickled and then added to various salads as a garnish and as a flavoring agent. For gastronomic purposes, it is customary to use all parts of this amazing plant. If you roast dandelion roots, they can be used as an aromatic coffee substitute. You can add a little chicory, cinnamon or ginger to the drink. Stunningly delicious nectars and candied fruits are prepared from dandelion buds, and honey from dandelion inflorescences will not leave anyone indifferent.
In England, it is customary to make a traditional plant from the plant. The wine can be prepared at home by collecting a jar of dandelion flowers. In order to remove bitterness, flowers must first be prepared, cut off all excess, leaving only the petals. The petals, drenched in cold boiled water, must be placed in a dark place for a day. A day later, the dandelions are boiled, and at the same time a syrup is prepared from 1.5 kg of sugar. Lemon juice, a little mint and raisins are added to the syrup. The resulting mass is left to ferment for 2 days. Then the grass and zest are removed, leaving only the raisins in the dandelion wine. The resulting liquid is poured into a bottle, onto the neck of which a rubber glove with a small hole is placed. After the glove stops inflating (which means the wine has fermented), the liquid must be separated from the sediment and bottled. The sealed bottles are placed in a cool place for 3 months, after which the wine is completely ready for consumption. This recipe may seem too troublesome to some, but believe me, after you try dandelion wine once, you will not regret the effort and time spent on preparing it.
Americans make delicious and low-calorie salads from dandelion. Young green plants or flowers are suitable for salads, dandelion gives the food a subtle bitterness, which stimulates the appetite and adds originality to the dish.
Dandelion flowers can be pickled, or you can cook them fragrant jam. For jam, you will have to prepare a lot of sunny flowers of the plant, for one serving you need to collect as many as 400 inflorescences (!). After washing the flowers, pour 500 ml of water and put on fire. After the water boils, the flowers are left in the water for another 2 minutes, and then strained through a colander. In the broth that remains after the dandelions, pour 7 cups of sugar and boil for another 7 minutes. Then the finished jam is rolled into jars.
The sweetest part of the plant is the bud that has not yet blossomed. If you add a certain amount of sugar to dandelion flowers, you get the so-called dandelion honey. Dandelion petals must be put in a small jar, pour the inflorescences with cold boiled water and leave overnight. After the dandelion flowers are infused, the infusion must be filtered and the flowers squeezed out. Then you should add the juice of two lemons and 2.5 kg of sugar and cook the mixture until the "honey" becomes thick.
Simple and delicious recipe The best way to prepare dandelion for the winter is to cook it in bee honey. About 100 inflorescences of the plant must be carefully crushed with a blender. Then the resulting mass should be poured with bee honey, mixed and poured into a jar. Such dishes will be very useful in winter, when the body does not receive enough nutrients. Dandelion honey can be taken during colds for a speedy recovery.
Dandelion benefits and treatment
The benefits of dandelion are due to its chemical composition. Just half a glass of dandelion juice will help the liver to restore cells and normalize its work. Such a drink will give the body strength and help overcome chronic fatigue.
Dandelion is an excellent prevention of the development of atherosclerosis, helps with hypertension, regulates metabolism. It is used to treat obesity, skin diseases. ethnoscience even attributes an anti-cancer effect to this flower.
Dandelion helps a lot for liver disease. Thanks to its bitter substances, consuming dandelion cleanses the liver and normalizes its functions. Dandelion decoctions relieve gallbladder from the sand, remove stones.
The most effective is concentrated dandelion juice. For treatment, it is often mixed with carrot juice or turnip leaf juice. This mixture helps strengthen teeth, and is also indicated for diseases of the spine and bones.
Chinese doctors used dandelion as a powerful natural antioxidant. A decoction from the plant effectively cleanses the circulatory system. The modern pharmaceutical industry uses dandelion, as well as its extracts, to create medicines.
Dandelion harm and contraindications
The plant can cause harm to the body due to gastritis, ulcers, and also when the functions of the biliary tract are impaired. Uncontrolled consumption of dandelion can cause vomiting or diarrhea.
Other names: field dandelion, or common dandelion, or common dandelion (lat. Taraxacum officinale) - species of the genus Dandelion; family Asteraceae ( Asteraceae).
Dandelion officinalis description
Dandelion is one of the most common plants; it prefers forest-steppe zones. Absolutely not whimsical plant, resistant to trampling. Dandelion is nasty weed, has a high competitive ability in relation to cultivated and weed plants. Dandelion infests meadows, orchards, vegetable gardens, pastures, fields, and perennial grasses. You can find dandelion in the European part of Russia, in Ukraine, Belarus, the Caucasus, Siberia, Moldova, Transnistria, Far East and in Central Asia.
Dandelion officinalis has many popular names, the most common being kulbaba, baldhead, tooth root, canna, Russian chicory.
Dandelion officinalis – perennial herbaceous plant. The root is short-thick, about 2 cm in diameter, and penetrates 50 cm into the soil. It is impossible to completely remove the root from the soil without the help of a shovel. The stem is presented in the form of hollow, slightly pubescent arrows that end in a large basket. The maximum height of the plant is 50 cm. Dandelion leaves are lanceolate, entire, toothed, 10-25 cm long, 2-5 cm wide, forming a basal rosette. Flower-bearing arrows emerge vertically from the very base of the plant; there may be several flower stalks on one plant. The arrows have no leaves. At the tops of the arrows there are bright yellow, reed flowers; they are collected in single inflorescences - baskets. Dandelion fruits are a spindle-shaped achene with a tuft, grayish-brown in color. After ripening, the seeds are separated from the head and are easily carried by the wind and fly until they fall on the soil. One plant can produce about 12 thousand seeds.
Seeds germinate immediately after hitting the surface, minimum temperature germination +4 °C, achenes can sprout from a depth not exceeding 5 cm. Fruits appear in May, seed viability lasts up to two years.
Dandelion is not sensitive to most herbicides. An effective way To combat these weeds, the root system should be pruned to a depth of 15 cm. The sooner this manipulation is carried out, the better the result will be. For example, when pruning the root in May, the death of the weed will be 94%, in July -44%, and already in August pruning will be useless.
Dandelion officinalis - beneficial properties
Dandelion has been used in medicine for a long time. Like the above-ground part of the plant, the root can also be used in medicinal purposes. Leaves, grass, juice are harvested in June, roots - in early spring or late autumn when the plant wilts. You can dry the leaves either in the shade in the fresh air or in a dryer at a temperature of 40-50 °C. The roots are dried at more high temperature– 60 °C, they need to be washed before drying. Dried products should be stored in paper bags or cardboard boxes. Leaves and flowers can be stored for about two years, roots - up to five years.
Dandelion is rich useful substances: vitamins C, A, B2, PP, potassium salts, phosphorus, iron, manganese, contains up to 5% protein.
Spectrum of action medicines from dandelion is very wide. Dandelion officinalis is used as a choleretic, antipyretic, bactericidal, anti-inflammatory, blood purifying agent, and improves stomach function. It has a general strengthening, sedative effect, for disorders nervous system can be used as a sleeping pill. Dandelion decoctions and juice improve metabolic processes, restore strength, remove toxins, and increase insulin production.
Dandelion is a hematopoietic agent and activates the formation of leukocytes. For a long time, this plant has been used as a means to cleanse “bad blood”.
Dandelion juice obtained from fresh leaves will help with anemia. The juice can also be consumed for vitamin deficiency and fatigue. Popularly, dandelion juice is called the “elixir of life.” The plant contains bitterness, which stimulates the appetite and improves the functioning of the gastrointestinal tract.
I use dandelion externally in the treatment of joint diseases in the form of compresses and lotions. An oil extract extracted from the roots is an excellent remedy for burns and radiation injuries to the skin.
For stomach ulcers, duodenal ulcers, and hyperacid gastritis, the use of dandelion-based medications is contraindicated. Allergic reactions are possible while taking dandelion preparations. Before starting treatment, you must consult a doctor.
Dandelion officinalis photo
Dandelion - Taraxacum officinale 
Dandelion - Taraxacum officinale 
Dandelion root system - Taraxacum officinale 
Dandelion seeds - Taraxacum officinale Program content:
Continue to introduce children to representatives of the plant world of their native land.
Expand and clarify knowledge about dandelion.
Learn to choose figurative words.
Introduce children to the concept of “medicinal plant”.
Develop auditory perception.
To cultivate an emotional response to the beauty of a flower, describing it in poetic form.
Promote the development of a caring attitude towards living nature.
Equipment:
Pictures of dandelion.
Yellow cardboard circles depicting the sun (3 pcs).
Ball-shaped pieces of cotton wool and a dandelion model made of green paper and yellow napkins.
Yellow gouache, tinted green sheets of paper, drawing equipment.
Preliminary work:
1. Observing dandelions.
2. Learning the poem “Dandelion” by E. Serova.
Wears a dandelion
Yellow sundress.
When he grows up, he will dress up
In a little white dress:
Light, airy,
Obedient to the wind.
Dandelion
Dandelion structure
Dandelions
Progress of the lesson:
Spring has finally come into its own, and no matter how angry winter is, its time is over. Spring is often called the blooming time. Why do you think?
Guess the riddle:
Dandelion riddle
Burnt in the dewy grass
Golden flower.
Then it faded, went out
And turned into fluff.
This is a dandelion. Which words in the riddle told you the correct answer?
Dandelion is one of the first to appear in spring, like a yellow sun in young green grass.
Didactic exercise “Listen carefully”
Children are encouraged to listen carefully and clap their hands if they hear the word "dandelion".
Dandelion, sofa, trailer, dandelion, drum, dandelion, boy, dandelion.
Dandelion is a wild flower because no one cares for it.
Dandelion grows almost everywhere:
On your high leg,
Rising to the heights
It grows on the path too,
Both in the hollow and in the grass.
Psycho-gymnastics “Dandelions”
(Performed to music)
Imagine that you are little dandelions. Warm Sun rays warmed the earth. You are small sprouts, very weak, fragile, defenseless. But now the spring sun has warmed up, and small sprouts begin to grow quickly. Your leaves have grown, the stem has become strong, you are reaching for the light, the sun. How good! Here it appeared on the stem small bud. It grows, swells, and finally unfurls its petals. At first, the petals seem a little wrinkled, but then they straightened up, and everyone around saw a fluffy yellow flower that looked like the sun. We have seen dandelions with you many times, and now consider this flower in the picture. On it, the dandelion is depicted large, large, so we can better examine it. (Show picture).
What is the name of this flower? What parts does this plant consist of? Show where its leaves, stem, flower, roots are. What color are its leaves and stem? Flower? Where does the flower grow? So what is it called?
In the morning, in a sunny clearing without a clock, you can find out the time. At 5-6 o'clock the sun rises and the dandelions open. By evening, the yellow lights go out and close. The dandelion loves the sun so much that it does not take its eyes off it - it turns its flower head after it.
Gymnastics for the eyes “Sun and Dandelion”
The sun will rise in the east in the morning - the dandelion looks to the east.
(Children look at the yellow circles - “sun” in accordance with the text).
At noon, the sun will rise high, high - the dandelion will raise its head up.
By evening, the sun will begin to decline towards sunset - and the dandelion lowers its gaze after it and closes its flower.
What can a dandelion be compared to?
Didactic exercise “Choose a word”
Yellow like the sun.
Round like...
Soft like...
White like...
Fluffy like...
Fragile as...
What an amazing flower!
But dandelions are not always yellow and look like the sun. Time passes, and the yellow petals are replaced by white fluff.
Golden and young
In a week he turned gray.
And in two days
My head is bald.
The white fluffs are seeds. The wind blows, the seeds scatter far, far in different directions. They fall to the ground and sprout. New flowers appear.
Breathing exercise “Blow on a dandelion”
On a bright sunny day
A golden flower blossomed.
Light breeze blowing -
Our flower swayed.
A strong wind is blowing -
Petals are worried.
Children blow on dandelion petals with different strengths and observe the intensity of the movement of the petals.
White fluffy ball
Showed off in an open field.
Blow on it lightly
There was a flower - and there is no flower.
Then they blow on the dandelion cotton wool without puffing out the cheeks.
Dandelion is a medicinal plant. A medicinal plant is a plant that is used in medicine for treatment. Dandelion leaves and roots are used to treat cough and improve appetite.
And people make very tasty jam from dandelion flowers.
And it's not just people who use dandelions. Bees, bumblebees and butterflies love to fly to dandelions. They eat dandelion sweet nectar. And the bees then make dandelion honey from it - thick and fragrant.
Physical exercise “Dandelion”
Dandelion, dandelion!
(They squat, then slowly rise)
The stem is thin, like a finger.
If the wind is fast, fast
(They run in different directions)
It will fly into the clearing,
Everything around will rustle.
(They say “sh-sh-sh-sh-sh”)
Dandelion stamens
They'll scatter in a round dance
(Hold hands and walk in a circle)
And they will merge with the sky.
On green grass, yellow dandelions are very beautiful. Although there are a lot of them, you shouldn’t pick them. Dandelions will not stand in a vase, they will immediately wilt. A wreath of dandelions will quickly lose its beauty. This is described in the poem "Flower". Listen:
Flower
Flower in the meadow
I broke it while running.
Tore off,
What for -
I can't explain.
In glass
It stood for a day and withered.
And how long would he stand in the meadow.
(V. Viktorov)
Let's not pick dandelions and keep the beauty. And the bees will thank us for saving flowers for them.
And now I suggest you draw dandelions on these green lawns (tinted sheets of paper). But before we start drawing, let's prepare our fingers.
Finger gymnastics "Flower"
A dandelion grew in a clearing,
(Join hands, depicting a "bud")
On a spring morning I opened the petals.
(Open hands, unclench fingers)
All petals beauty and nutrition
(To the rhythm of the words, spread and connect fingers)
Together they give roots underground!
(Connect hands with back sides, move fingers - “roots”)
Evening. Yellow flowers cover the petals.
(Clench your intertwined fingers tightly)
They quietly fall asleep, their heads hang down.
(Put your hands on your knees)
Drawing “Dandelions in the meadow”
Children draw with yellow gouache on tinted (green) sheets of paper.
After finishing work, the drawings are laid out next to each other on the floor - “dandelion meadow”.
The colors suddenly became like flowers,
Lighted up everything around!
In a new yellow sundress
Dandelion meadow.
DANDELION, huh, husband. Herbaceous plant of the family. Asteraceae with yellow flowers and seeds on fluffy hairs carried by the wind. God's Dandelion (colloquial joke; ironic) about a quiet and weak, usually old man. Old lady God's dandelion. | adj.... ... Dictionary Ozhegova
Modern encyclopedia
Genus perennial herbs yana plants of the Asteraceae family. St. 1000 species, in cold and temperate zones, mainly in the mountainous regions of Eurasia. Dandelion officinalis is widespread (grows along roads, near housing, clogs lawns, ... ... Big Encyclopedic Dictionary
- (Taraxacum), a genus of perennial plants of the family. Asteraceae. All vegetative parts of the plant contain milky sap. O. is characterized by the presence of a large number of apomictic. species, often differing only slightly in characteristics. It is believed that the genus is ca. 70... Biological encyclopedic dictionary
Kok sagyz, milkman Dictionary of Russian synonyms. dandelion noun, number of synonyms: 16 blond (7) ... Synonym dictionary
- (Paraxacum Hall.) genus of plants from the family. Asteraceae (Compositae), division Cichoriaceae. Up to six species of this genus are known to grow in northern temperate climates. These are herbaceous plants, with basal leaves and a leafless flower arrow;... ... Encyclopedia of Brockhaus and Efron
Dandelion- DANDELION, a genus of perennial herbs (family Asteraceae). Over 1000 species, in cold and temperate zones. Dandelion grows along roads, near homes, and infests lawns, gardens, orchards, etc. A decoction of its roots stimulates the appetite... ... Illustrated Encyclopedic Dictionary
DANDELION, dandelion, husband. A plant from the Asteraceae, with yellow flowers, stems with milky sap and fluffy seeds that are carried by the wind. Ushakov's explanatory dictionary. D.N. Ushakov. 1935 1940 … Explanatory Dictionary of Ushakov
dandelion- white (Balmont); fluffy (Pozharova); yellow (Ertel); reverently through (Pozharova); bright yellow (Ertel) Epithets of literary Russian speech. M: Supplier of His Majesty's court, the Quick Printing Association A. A. Levenson. A. L. Zelenetsky. 1913 ... Dictionary of epithets
DANDELION- DANDELION, Taraxacum officmale Wigg. (l other^varieties), perennial herbaceous plant of the family. Asteraceae, growing everywhere throughout the northern hemisphere. Mentioned by Theophrastus and Arabic medical literature. In medicine… … Great Medical Encyclopedia
Books
- Dandelion, Olga Alekseeva. Temka is a city boy who, at the behest of his very kind, cheerful, but demanding parents, finds himself in the village. He is an ordinary boy with characteristics typical for his age...
Dandelion - description of the plant.
Dandelion officinalis is a herbaceous perennial plant 10-30 cm high. It belongs to the Asteraceae family. Dandelion root is powerful, vertical, brown, and white in cross section. Its leaves form a basal rosette, deeply dissected. Dandelion flowers are collected in inflorescences-baskets, yellow in color. The fruit of the plant is an achene with a tuft. It blooms in April - May, and its seeds ripen in June - July.
Where is the plant distributed?
The weed plant dandelion is widespread throughout Russia. Grows in meadows, gardens, vacant lots, lawns, along roads. This is one of the most common plants in agriculture -.
Dandelion - harvested for future use.
For medicinal purposes, the roots and aerial parts of dandelion are collected.
Roots are stored in early spring or autumn. Dig them out with shovels, shake them off the ground, cut off the above-ground part, wash cold water. Dry in air for several days and then dry in dryers at a temperature of 40 to 50 ° C or in ventilated rooms. The shelf life of dandelion preparations is 5 years. Plants store grass during flowering. It is dried in the shade in the air or in ventilated areas, spread out in one layer and stirred frequently.
Chemical composition medicinal plant.
Dandelion leaves contain choline, carotenoids, vitamins B2, C, P, iron, asparagine, phosphorus, and calcium.
Pharmacological properties.
Dandelion roots are used to improve digestion, as a choleretic agent and to stimulate appetite. Dandelion also has laxative, antispasmodic and diuretic properties.
Dandelion - use in folk medicine.
Preparations of the medicinal plant dandelion are used for anacid gastritis, chronic constipation and cholecystitis.
Dandelion roots are used to stimulate appetite, improve secretory and motor activity of the stomach and intestines, increase bile secretion and secretion of the digestive glands. Dandelion roots are a strong diuretic.
A decoction of the roots relieves spasms and renal colic, convulsive contractions of smooth muscles. A decoction and tincture of dandelion flowers is used to relieve intestinal and liver colic.
Externally, an infusion of dandelion roots is recommended for various skin diseases: dermatitis, boils, acne.
Preparations from dandelion leaves stimulate the removal of stones from the gallbladder and kidneys. They are recommended for cellulite, obesity and renal failure, as well as for vitamin deficiency, anemia and skin diseases.
An infusion of dandelion flowers is used to remove freckles and age spots. A decoction of flowers is drunk for insomnia and high blood pressure.
The fresh juice of the plant is used as cosmetic product to remove age spots, freckles and acne and to remove calluses. Milky dandelion juice for trachoma is instilled one drop into the eyes.
Dandelion - folk recipes for treatment.
Infusion for diseases biliary tract, gallbladder.
Brew 2 teaspoons of medicinal dandelion roots with a glass of boiled water and leave for 8 hours, filter. Drink a quarter glass 3-4 times a day, half an hour before meals.
Infusion for diabetes.
Brew 1 teaspoon of medicinal dandelion roots with 200 ml of boiling water, leave for a third of an hour, filter. Drink a quarter glass 3-4 times a day half an hour before meals.
Infusion for exudative diathesis.
Brew 1 teaspoon of dandelion roots with a glass of boiling water, wrap it up, leave for 1-2 hours, filter. Drink a quarter glass half an hour before meals three times a day.
Decoction for pulmonary tuberculosis.
3 tbsp. pour 1/2 liter of medicinal dandelion plant roots over spoons. boiling water, boil for 1/4 hour, cool, filter. Drink a glass 0.5 hours before meals 2 times a day.
A decoction for furunculosis and skin rashes.
1 tbsp. pour a spoonful of dandelion roots over a glass of boiled water hot water, boil for 1/4 hour over low heat. Cool the plant decoction for 45 minutes, filter through gauze. Drink 1/4 hour before meals three times a day, 1/3 cup.
Decoction for arthritis.
Pour 6 g of herbs and medicinal dandelion roots with a glass of water, boil for 10 minutes over low heat, leave for 1/2 hour, filter, squeeze out the raw materials. Drink 1 tbsp three times a day before meals. spoon.
A decoction for cholelithiasis and urolithiasis.
2 tbsp. spoons of dandelion roots pour 1/2 liter of boiling water, then boil for 10 minutes over low heat, leave for 2 hours, filter. Drink 0.5 hours before meals, 0.5 glasses 3-4 times a day.
Infusion for external use.
Pour a handful of medicinal dandelion flowers into 250 ml of boiling water, leave in a thermos for 1-2 hours, then filter and squeeze out the raw materials. Wipe the skin from age spots and freckles.
Pharmaceutical preparations from medicinal plants.
Dandelion roots can be used to prepare decoctions and infusions.
Dandelion extract is thick.
Dandelion - contraindications for use.
Gastric ulcer, hyperacid gastritis, predisposition to diarrhea, peptic ulcer Duodenum with increased acidity of juice in the stomach.
Think and guess!
It’s not for nothing that the dandelion has such a bright yellow color. At all times, people have found a connection between this plant and the Sun. Therefore, it is believed that this flower has light energy. Since ancient times, shamans and witches used dandelion flowers for their magical rituals, added them to potions and made herbal talismans from them. It was believed that they help achieve success in business, fulfill desires and help overcome obstacles. Dandelion is in particular demand among lovers. There is a belief that if you put the root of this plant under the bed, the marriage will be successful, and the offspring will not be long in coming. Love jam is also made from the flowers, and the leaves have a stimulating property. Girls love to tell fortunes using wreaths woven from dandelions and floated down the river. Whose wreath does not drown will soon have a wedding. Children also love to blow on a fluffy dandelion, making a wish and releasing white parachutes into the wind. But what elements is this plant associated with?
Did you guess it? The first option is correct, because the element of Air has the color yellow, and for the same reason, dandelion is closely associated with the planets Sun and Jupiter.
